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1.
冬季大范围持续性极端低温事件与欧亚大陆大型斜脊斜槽系统研究进展 总被引：4，自引：4，他引：0
本文总结了近年来关于我国冬季大范围持续性极端低温事件（EPECE）及其对应的欧亚大陆大型斜脊斜槽系统的研究成果。EPECE和普通寒潮是冬季影响我国的两类不同时间尺度大型冷空气活动,对它们的异同点进行梳理和深入理解是非常必要的。最新研究进展可概括为如下:（1）基于极端低温站点的范围和极端低温过程的持续性特点,客观界定了我国冬季EPECE。近年来的研究表明,欧亚大陆大型斜脊斜槽系统是冬季EPECE形成和维持的主要关键环流系统。同时,鉴于大型斜脊斜槽系统的重要应用意义,建立了客观识别方法。（2）从前兆信号、环流演变、阻塞高压和反气旋式波破碎活动的角度,揭示了EPECE和普通寒潮事件之间的关键区别。全国类EPECE的发生具有一周之前的前兆信号,而普通寒潮并不存在这么早的前兆信号。EPECE以从乌拉尔山到东北亚的广阔区域的阻塞高压活动为关键特征,而普通寒潮则主要以区域性阻塞高压为其主要特征。这两类事件对应的阻塞高压活动的差异可由天气尺度波破碎活动的差异加以解释。（3）最新的研究解释了大型斜脊斜槽系统形成和维持的动力学机理。基本流场对位涡扰动的正压作用是大型斜脊斜槽系统的形成和维持最重要的动力学机制。基本流场通过变形场作功和线性平流使大型扰动维持和向下游发展。与阻塞高压不同,非线性作用并非大型斜脊斜槽系统维持的主要原因。 相似文献
2.
本文利用NCEP 1°×1°逐6小时再分析资料和实况观测资料,运用天气分析和物理量诊断的方法,对四川省两次冬季区域性寒潮天气过程进行了对比分析,结果表明:(1)两次过程均属于中亚横槽型寒潮(N型),前期欧亚中高纬度地区环流径向度加大,乌拉尔山阻高强烈发展,后期横槽转竖东移引导冷空气南下,南下冷空气与南支槽前西南气流交汇入侵四川盆地,造成寒潮过程;(2)过程发生前,盆地大部地区基础温度较历史同期偏高,利于气温进一步下降;(3)西南急流能够将水汽不断向盆地内输送,连续的降水对气温下降起到了加强作用,是造成强降温的原因之一;(4)850hPa强冷平流是寒潮过程的关键因素,冷平流的移动路径和强度中心与过程降温地区有很好的对应。 相似文献
3.
Precipitation over southeastern Lake Baikal features a significant decreasing trend in July and August over 1979–2018 and is closely related to blocking occurrence over central Siberia(45°–70°N,75°–115°E).This study investigates the formation and maintenance of anticyclonic and cyclonic wave-breaking(AWB and CWB)blocking events and their climate impacts on precipitation in the southeastern Lake Baikal area.Both AWB and CWB blocking events are characterized by a cold trough deepening from the sub-Arctic region and a ridge amplifying toward its north over central Siberia,as well as an evident Rossby wave train over midlatitude Eurasia.For AWB blocking events,the ridge and trough pair tilts clockwise and the wave train exhibits a zonal distribution.In contrast,ridge and trough pair associated with CWB blocking events leans anticlockwise with larger-scale,meridional,and more anisotropic signatures.Moreover,the incoming Rossby wave energy associated with CWB blocking events is more evident than for AWB blocking events.Therefore,CWB blocking events are more persistent.AWB blocking events produce more extensive and persistent precipitation over the southeastern Lake Baikal area than CWB blocking events,in which moderate above-normal rainfall is seen in the decaying periods of blockings.A significant decreasing trend is found in terms of AWB blocking occurrence over central Siberia,which may contribute to the downward trend of precipitation over southeastern Lake Baikal. 相似文献
4.
On the Two Successive Supercold Waves Straddling the End of 2020 and the Beginning of 2021 总被引：2，自引：1，他引：1
Two supercold waves straddling 2020 and 2021 successively hit China and caused record-breaking extremely low temperatures.In this study,the distinct features of these two supercold waves are analyzed on the medium-range time scale.The blocking pattern from the Kara Sea to Lake Baikal characterized the first cold wave,while the large-scale tilted ridge and trough over the Asian continent featured the second cold wave.Prior to the cold waves,both the northwest and hyperpolar paths of cold air contributed to a zonally extensive cold air accumulation in the key region of Siberia.This might be the primary reason why strong and extensive supercold waves occur even under the Arctic amplification background.The two cold waves straddling 2020 and 2021 exhibited distinct features:(1)the blocking circulation occurred to the north or the east of the Ural Mountains and was not confined only to the Ural Mountains as it was for the earlier cold waves;(2)the collocation of the Asian blocking pattern and the polar vortex deflection towards East Asia preferred the hyperpolar path of cold air accumulation and the subsequent southward outburst;and(3)both high-and low-frequency processes worked in concert,leading to the very intense cold waves.The cold air advance along the northwest path,which coincides with the southeastward intrusion of the Siberian High(SH)front edge,is associated with the high-frequency process,while the cold air movement along the hyperpolar path,which is close to the eastern edge of the SH,is controlled by the low-frequency process. 相似文献
5.
利用1959～2017年ERA40/ERA-Interim逐日再分析资料和国家气候中心的逐日站点资料,针对发生在当年11月至次年3月（NDJFM）的全国性持续低温事件（EPECEs）,分析了热带外环流的变化特征,以及平流层—对流层相互作用。结果表明,全国性EPECEs可划分为冷空气在乌拉尔山—西伯利亚关键区堆积和冷空气爆发以及消亡三个阶段,分别与对流层中层乌拉尔山—西伯利亚一带大型斜脊的建立、发展和崩溃以及平流层极涡强度的恢复、维持和再次减弱相对应,其中伴随着显著的平流层—对流层相互作用。首先,以大西洋地区异常扰动为主的热带外对流层形成2波型行星波异常,并上传影响平流层;随后在平流层2波调整为1波型的过程中,出现了行星波的异常下传以及平流层极涡强度的恢复,在对流层形成的1波型的高度正异常中心位于东欧地区,有利于乌拉尔山高度脊的建立以及源于北冰洋的冷空气在高压脊前形成堆积;随后由于平流层极涡强度维持,对流层行星波上传持续受到抑制,并主要在欧洲一带出现显著的异常向下反射,对应对流层1波型高度正异常中心逐步东移至中西伯利亚地区,从而有助于乌拉尔山脊向下游发展成一个横跨西伯利亚地区的大型斜脊,冷空气堆积区也东移到中西伯利亚地区。进入冷空气爆发阶段,随着斜脊前的大型横槽与上游移来的短波槽形成阶梯槽形势,横槽很快转竖引导低层冷空气向我国大范围爆发;同时大型斜脊的维持也使行星波再次出现1波型异常上传,影响平流层极涡再次减弱。最后,随着冷空气爆发,大型槽脊迅速崩溃,对流层波动减弱,低层气团的经向输送也随之减弱,EPECEs消亡。 相似文献
6.
Influence of Major Stratospheric Sudden Warming on the Unprecedented Cold Wave in East Asia in January 2021 总被引：2，自引：1，他引：1
An unprecedented cold wave intruded into East Asia in early January 2021 and led to record-breaking or historical extreme low temperatures over vast regions.This study shows that a major stratospheric sudden warming(SSW)event at the beginning of January 2021 exerted an important influence on this cold wave.The major SSW event occurred on 2 January 2021 and subsequently led to the displacement of the stratospheric polar vortex to the East Asian side.Moreover,the SSW event induced the stratospheric warming signal to propagate downward to the mid-to-lower troposphere,which not only enhanced the blocking in the Urals-Siberia region and the negative phase of the Arctic Oscillation,but also shifted the tropospheric polar vortex off the pole.The displaced tropospheric polar vortex,Ural blocking,and another downstream blocking ridge over western North America formed a distinct inverted omega-shaped circulation pattern(IOCP)in the East Asia-North Pacific sector.This IOCP was the most direct and impactful atmospheric pattern causing the cold wave in East Asia.The IOCP triggered a meridional cell with an upward branch in East Asia and a downward branch in Siberia.The meridional cell intensified the Siberian high and low-level northerly winds,which also favored the invasion of the cold wave into East Asia.Hence,the SSW event and tropospheric circulations such as the IOCP,negative phase of Arctic Oscillation,Ural blocking,enhanced Siberian high,and eastward propagation of Rossby wave eventually induced the outbreak of an unprecedented cold wave in East Asia in early January 2021. 相似文献
7.
Interannual Variations of the Blocking High over the Ural Mountains and Its Association with the AO/NAO in Boreal Winter 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1 
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下载免费PDF全文 This paper analyzes interannual variations of the blocking high over the Ural Mountains in the boreal winter and their association with the Arctic Oscillation/North Atlantic Oscillation (AO/NAO).In Jan... 相似文献
8.
北半球冬季各阻塞系统对大范围极端温度异常的单独和协同影响 总被引：1，自引：1，他引：0
本文利用1979～2015年ERA-interim逐日再分析资料,对比分析了格陵兰阻高（GB）、大西洋—欧洲阻高（AEB）、乌拉尔山阻高（UB）和北太平洋阻高（NPB）四个阻高系统对年际尺度和天气尺度地面温度及极端冷日的单独和协同影响。结果表明,各阻高与地面温度之间的统计关系十分复杂,同一阻高系统可影响多个地区的温度异常,同一个地区的地面温度一般可受到多个阻高系统的不同影响。通过分离单阻高和多阻高（双阻高、三阻高和四阻高）组合的情形,本文的结果进一步表明,UB对欧亚大陆地面温度的影响最为重要,其次对于欧洲地面温度而言,依次为AEB、GB和NPB;对于亚洲地面温度而言,依次则为GB、NPB和AEB。而NPB对北美大陆温度的影响最为重要,其次为GB和AEB,UB的影响最弱。此外,多阻高协同影响地面温度时,并非线性叠加,而是表现为显著的非线性特征。 相似文献
9.
冬季乌拉尔山阻塞与东亚冬季风的联系分析 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
利用美国国家环境预报中心和美国大气科学研究中心(NCEP/NCAR)1948/1949~2012/2013年的逐日再分析资料,从年际变化和季节内演变两种时间尺度分析了冬季乌拉尔山阻塞与东亚冬季风的联系。结果表明,从年际变化角度,东亚冬季风综合指数(EAWMII)与冬季乌拉尔山阻塞频数显著相关,且两者的线性趋势与周期一致。当乌拉尔山阻塞频繁发生时,对流层中层西伯利亚反气旋异常,东亚大槽加深;对流层低层表现为贝加尔湖及东亚沿岸北风显著加强,中亚和东亚大部分地区地表温度降低,东亚冬季风较常年加强。乌拉尔山阻塞的由强盛到崩溃的过程对应着西伯利亚高压由加强到减弱东移的季节内演变,850 h Pa风场对应为异常北风由贝加尔湖以北逐渐影响至低纬度菲律宾以东的演变特征。 相似文献
10.
A regional extreme low temperature event and its main atmospheric contributing factors 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
Zhiqiang Gong Guolin Feng Fumin Ren Jianping Li 《Theoretical and Applied Climatology》2014,117(1-2):195-206
The regional extreme low temperature event from December 30, 2010 to February 2, 2011 was a very rare and protracted cold event with the largest integrated index (Z) since 1979. Two meteorological factors could be responsible for this extreme winter event. First, a persistent blocking pattern existed in the mid-latitudes. This not only allowed cold air to persist in southern China but also enabled each perturbation from the west propagating around the blocking high to trigger downstream cold air intrusions from the north. Second, the consistently downward negative Arctic Oscillation (AO) was favorable for the eastward moving of Rossby waves in middle latitudes, which made the upper reaches positive center in SLP and negative center in Z500 move to East Asia. This stable and consistent situation favored the polar area cold air invasion to the mid-latitude region. Of these two factors, the blocking pattern was likely to be the direct cause, the co-effects of consistently strong downward negative AO from the stratosphere, and the corresponding eastward moving wave train in Z500 and SLP might be the prophase teleconnection culprit. 相似文献
11.
利用1960~2011年广西西北部16个气象观测站逐月降水资料、NCEP/NCAR再分析月平均资料、NOAA向外长波辐射资料和国家气候中心提供的环流特征量资料,分析了广西西北部地区以往盛夏干旱年的中高纬环流、西太平洋副热带高压和水汽输送特征,重点探讨了2011年盛夏(7~8月)广西西北部特大干旱大气环流的异常特征。结果表明,2011年是1960年以来广西西北部盛夏降水最少的年份。广西西北部2011年盛夏大气环流与以往盛夏干旱年明显不同的是,西太平洋副热带高压较常年异常偏弱偏东,脊线位置明显偏北,中高纬环流平直,乌拉尔山地区和东北亚区域没有明显阻塞高压形势,冷空气活动比常年弱;印缅槽活动较常年偏弱,由南向北的水汽输送明显偏弱,广西西北部上空存在有弱的水汽通量辐散,垂直运动和对流活动均较常年偏弱,这些环流特征均不利于产生降水,造成2011年盛夏广西西北部地区出现特大干旱。 相似文献
12.
根据2008年1月我国南方发生的持续严重雨雪冰冻灾害、1998年长江流域的特大洪涝灾害和2009/2010年冬季云南的极端干旱灾害的分析结果,再次强调指出,对于一些小概率的极端天气气候事件的发生,大气环流系统的组合性异常起着极其重要的作用。对于2008年的严重雨雪冰冻灾害的发生,多个大气环流系统的组合性异常包括:乌拉尔山阻塞高压和贝加尔湖-巴尔喀什湖的横槽,这为不断有冷空气从西路向南爆发提供了条件;东亚和日本地区的高度正异常使得北方冷空气的势力不是很强,适于锋面在我国南岭及其以北地区较长时间停留,为持续降水确立了背景;西太平洋副高偏强和偏西也对冷空气的向南推进起了阻挡作用;印-缅槽的持续偏强和西太平洋副高的偏强共同使暖湿空气源源不断地输送到华南地区,有利持续降水的发生,为冰冻造成了条件。对于1998年夏季长江流域的特大洪涝的发生,多个环流系统的异常包括:夏季西南季风涌的活动,西太平洋副热带高压活动,北方冷空气活动和青藏高原对流系统东传的共同作用。对于2009/2010年冬季云南的极端干旱灾害的发生,多个环流系统的异常包括:对流层高层中东地区副热带西风急流减弱,影响Rossby波的活动,不利于青藏高原-孟加拉湾槽的建立;西太平洋副热带高压偏强、位置略为偏南,对低层水汽输入云南起到抑制作用;NAO的负异常所导致的遥相关波列异常,使得东亚北方冷空气活动偏东,不易到达云南地区,还使得南支槽偏弱,暖湿气流也不易到达云南地区。ENSO虽然对中国天气气候变化有相当重要的影响,但并非每次异常天气气候事件的发生都是它的直接影响。对于ENSO影响必须具体分析,才能决定它在异常事件、特别是极端天气气候事件中的确切作用。 相似文献
13.
An Observed Connection Between Wintertime Temperature Anomalies over Northwest China and Weather Regime Transitions in North Atlantic 下载免费PDF全文
下载免费PDF全文 In this study, the association between wintertime temperature anomalies over Northwest China and the weather regime transitions in North Atlantic on synoptic scale is analyzed by using observational surface air temperature(SAT) data and atmospheric reanalysis data. Daily SAT anomaly and duration time are used in order to define SAT anomaly cases. Differences with regard to the circulation anomalies over the Ural Mountains and the upstream North Atlantic area are evident. It is found that the colder than normal SAT is caused by the enhanced Ural high and associated southward flow over Northwest China. Time-lagged composites reveal possible connections between the SAT anomalies and the different development phases of the North Atlantic Oscillation(NAO). The Ural highs tend to be strengthened during the negative phase of NAO(NAO–) to Atlantic ridge transition, which are closely related to the downstream-propagating Rossby wave activity. The opposite circulation patterns are observed in the warm SAT cases. A cyclonic circulation anomaly is distinctly enhanced over the Urals during the positive phase of NAO(NAO+) to Scandinavian blocking transition, which would cause warmer SAT over Northwest China. Further analyses suggest that the intensified zonal wind over North Atlantic would favor the NAO– to Atlantic ridge transition, while the weakened zonal wind may be responsible for the transition between NAO+ and Scandinavian blocking. 相似文献
14.
O. Yu. Antokhina P. N. Antokhin E. V. Devyatova Yu. V. Martynova 《Russian Meteorology and Hydrology》2018,43(3):143-151
This paper studies the long-term variability of frequency of atmospheric blockings over Western Siberia in 1948–2015 based on the data of three reanalysis projects. We revealed a decreasing blocking frequency for eight of twelve months. However, since the estimated trends of blocking frequency are small comparing to the significant amplitude of interannual variations, we proposed to divide the entire studied period into several quasi-decadal intervals that differ both in the amplitude of interannual fluctuations of blocking frequency and in trends. The effect of Western Siberian blockings imposed on synoptic and climatic variability of meteorological parameters in Asia was studied. The study demonstrated that in summer teleconnection patterns in temperature and precipitation fields are of the close sign-alternating structure; this indirectly indicates that in Western Siberia the blocking is a part of a large-scale wave mechanism. Like the Ural blockings, the blockings occurring over Western Siberia affect meteorological characteristics within the East Asian monsoon area. In winter time they contribute to lower surface temperature and decreased precipitation in Southeast Asia. In summer during blocking events over Western Siberia, precipitation increases in the East Asian monsoon area. 相似文献
15.
Persistent heavy rainfall events (PHREs) over the Yangtze–Huaihe River Valley (YHRV) during 1981–2020 are classified into three types (type-A, type-B and type-C) according to pattern correlation. The characteristics of the synoptic systems for the PHREs and their possible development mechanisms are investigated. The anomalous cyclonic disturbance over the southern part of the YHRV during type-A events is primarily maintained and intensified by the propagation of Rossby wave energy originating from the northeast Atlantic in the mid–upper troposphere and the northward propagation of Rossby wave packets from the western Pacific in the mid–lower troposphere. The zonal propagation of Rossby wave packets and the northward propagation of Rossby wave packets during type-B events are more coherent than those for type-A events, which induces eastward propagation of stronger anomaly centers of geopotential height from the northeast Atlantic Ocean to the YHRV and a meridional anomaly in geopotential height over the Asian continent. Type-C events have "two ridges and one trough" in the high latitudes of the Eurasian continent, but the anomalous intensity of the western Pacific subtropical high (WPSH) and the trough of the YHRV region are weaker than those for type-A and type-B events. The composite synoptic circulation of four PHREs in 2020 is basically consistent with that of the corresponding PHRE type. The location of the South Asian high (SAH) in three of the PHREs in 2020 moves eastward as in the composite of the three types, but the position of the WPSH of the four PHREs is clearly westward and northward. Two water vapor conveyor belts and two cold air conveyor belts are tracked during the four PHREs in 2020, but the water vapor path from the western Pacific is not seen, which may be caused by the westward extension of the WPSH. 相似文献
16.
对2003年2月10日至11日发生在南京的一次寒潮降温降雨(雪)的主要影响系统，如阻塞高压、高空槽、横槽、中低层暖式切变线、地面冷锋以及地面暖低压倒槽等进行了描述和分析，并对某些物理量进行了分析。分析得出：这次寒潮降温降雨(雪)天气是在高空500hPa乌拉尔山阻塞高压崩溃、巴尔喀什湖至准噶尔盆地的横槽转竖，冷空气从西北路径东移南下，中低层冷槽与暖式切变线接合以及地面冷锋切入暖低压倒槽等天气系统的作用下发生的，并归纳出此类天气预报的指示系统，对于做好寒潮天气预报具有指导作用。 相似文献
17.
Relationship between the Late Spring NAO and Summer Extreme Precipitation Frequency in the Middle and Lower Reaches of the Yangtze River 总被引：4，自引：0，他引：4 下载免费PDF全文
下载免费PDF全文 The relationship between the late spring North Atlantic Oscillation (NAO) and the summer extreme precipitation frequency (EPF) in the middle and lower reaches of the Yangtze River Valley (MLYRV) is examined using an NECP/NCAR reanalysis dataset and daily precipitation data from 74 stations in the MLYRV. The results show a significant negative correlation between the May NAO index and the EPF over the MLYRV in the subsequent summer. In positive EPF index years, the East Asian westerly jet shifts farther southward, and two blocking high positive anomalies appear over the Sea of Okhotsk and the Ural Mountains. These anomalies are favorable to the cold air from the mid-high latitudes invading the Yangtze River Valley (YRV). The moisture convergence and the ascending motion dominate the MLYRV. The above patterns are reversed in negative EPF index years. A wave train pattern that originates from the North Atlantic extends eastward to the Mediterranean and then moves to the Tibetan Plateau and from there to the YRV, which is an important link in the May NAO and the summer extreme precipitation in the MLYRV. The wave train may be aroused by the tripole pattern of the SST, which can explain why the May NAO affects the summer EPF in the MLYRV. 相似文献
18.
LOW FREQUENCY OSCILLATION IN EAST ASIA DURING THE 1991 EXCESSIVELY HEAVY RAIN OVER THE CHANGJIANG-HUAIHE RIVER BASIN 下载免费PDF全文
下载免费PDF全文 The activity of low frequency oscillation (LFO) widely exists in East Asia during the period of1991 excessively heavy rain over the Changjiang-Huaihe River Basin (Jianghuai).Both the rainfallamount of Jianghuai and the atmosphere from subtropical area to mid-high latitudes have thedominant period of 10—20 d,while the atmospheres in tropical area and high latitudes have thedominant period of 30—60 d.Compared with normal Meiyu season,the anomaly of the 1991 Meiyu process may be reflectedin the following two low frequency synoptic events:(a) The Meiyu process onsets extremely early(in the second dekad of May,which is nearly one month earlier than in normal Meiyu) and isimmediately followed by the first episode of heavy rain.(b) In the first dekad of July,there occursthe heaviest episode of rainfall of the whole Meiyu season,and it is even the heaviest rainfall forthe recent 30 years in China.For these two periods,corresponding to the adjustment of large-scalesituation from“double blocking high”to“bipolar blocking high”,the propagation direction of LFOin East Asia has a distinct seasonal variation,from eastward/northward propagation (passingthrough Jianghuai) during the first episode to westward/southward propagation during the thirdepisode.Oscillations of different frequency bands are superposed in phase.The LFO activity of thecold and warm/moist airs over Jianghuai can be strengthened through those LFO propagationprocesses in East Asia,although they may have different directions in three episodes.Particularly,the eastward (westward) propagation in low latitudes makes the southwest (southeast) airflowtransport intensively the low frequency warm/moist air to the south of Jianghuai from the IndianOcean (tropical West Pacific Ocean) in the first (third) episode.Such warm/moist airs meet andinteract with the cold air which vigorously invades Jianghuai persistently,and finally three episodesof heavy rain occur in mode of LFO. 相似文献
19.
基于NCEP/NCAR、日本气象厅的JRA55以及欧洲中期预报中心（ECMWF）最新发布的ERA5三套逐日再分析资料数据,考察国家气候中心中等分辨率（约110 km）的气候系统模式BCC-CSM2-MR和单独大气模式BCC-AGCM3-MR对北半球中高纬度阻塞高压（阻高）的模拟能力。再分析数据分析结果表明:“北大西洋—欧洲地区”以及“北太平洋中部地区”分别为北半球阻高发生的最高频及次高频区域;冬春季为阻高高发季节,夏秋季阻高频率减少至冬春季的一半左右;ERA5再分析资料中各个季节的阻高频率均高于另两套资料结果,尤其在北太平洋地区。模拟评估结果显示,单独大气模式BCC-AGCM3-MR对北半球中高纬度阻高发生频率、空间分布和季节变化特征均有较好的模拟能力,其主要偏差表现为冬春欧亚大陆特别是乌拉尔山地区阻高频率偏高,而北大西洋地区阻高频率偏低;春季北太平洋阻高频率偏低。这与模式北半球高纬度地区500 hPa位势高度场气候态偏差有关。BCC-CSM2-MR耦合模式的阻高模拟偏差总体与大气模式类似。但耦合模式中冬季欧亚大陆特别是乌拉尔山地区阻高频率减小、北太平洋春季阻高频率增大,模拟偏差减小。同时,耦合模式能够再现夏季北太平洋东西阻高频率双峰值特征。因此,海气耦合过程有助于改善对欧亚及北太平洋地区阻高频率模拟。阻高频率年际变率受到气候系统内部变率不确定性的较大影响,这也是制约阻高预测水平的重要因素。 相似文献
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本文研究了1980—1984年冬季19次东亚寒潮爆发过程中低频扰动的传播特征和行星尺度作用。揭示出冷空气的向南传播主要是一种低频模态的10—20天周期的振荡。另一方面，与寒潮爆发有关的西伯利亚冷高压作为北半球冬季对流层的主要冷源会导致一系列行星尺度过程的响应。这主要表现为辐散环流的上升支迅速地从印尼—马来西亚地区东移到东太平洋，使正常的沃克环流反向。这种情况十分相似于由非厄尔尼诺年到厄尔尼诺年辐散环流的运动。从动力学上，这种辐散环流有利于东太平洋以及北美西岸的天气发展。 相似文献