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1.
根据韶关地区8个国家气象观测站1965～2011年共47年逐日降水观测资料,采用经验正交函数(EOF)分解和Morlet小波变换方法,分析了韶关地区近47年春季降水变化特征。结果表明,前3个特征向量占总方差的94.38%,基本上反映了韶关地区春季降水空间分布场的主要特征,其中第1模态为总体一致型,第2模态为南-北差异型,第3模态为东南-中-西北差异型。韶关春季降水空间分布可分为3个区,即南部区:新丰、翁源;中部区:乳源、曲江、仁化、始兴和南雄;北部区:乐昌,分区略呈西南-东北走向。EOF分解的空间场第1模态时间系数能基本反映原场随时间的演变趋势,其时间系数Morlet小波分析显示韶关地区春季降水年际变化明显,主要存在2～3年的周期振荡。 相似文献
2.
根据韶关地区8个国家气象观测站1965-2011年共47年逐日降水观测资料,采用经验正交函数(EOF)分解和Morlet小波变换方法,分析了韶关地区近47年春季降水变化特征.结果表明,前3个特征向量占总方差的94.38％,基本上反映了韶关地区春季降水空间分布场的主要特征,其中第1模态为总体一致型,第2模态为南-北差异型,第3模态为东南-中-西北差异型.韶关春季降水空间分布可分为3个区即南部区:新丰、翁源;中部区:乳源、曲江、仁化、始兴和南雄;北部区:乐昌,分区略呈西南-东北走向.EOF分解的空间场第1模态时间系数能基本反映原场随时间的演变趋势,其时间系数Morlet小波分析显示韶关地区春季降水年际变化明显,主要存在2～3年的周期振荡. 相似文献
3.
近45 a东北地区春季降水异常的气候特征 总被引：8，自引：0，他引：8
利用1959-2003年我国东北地区93站春季降水资料，将降水场分成5个区域，并在此基础之上分析了春季降水的时空变化特征，发现：降水量年际变化及长期趋势有明显的区域差异，呈东多西少的分布特征；西部是旱涝易发生区，近45a来降水量略有增多；降水量的周期振荡存在明显的区域差异。 相似文献
4.
山东省大雾的气候特征分析 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
利用1971-2008年山东省112个国家气象观测站（泰山站除外）雾日资料,分析了雾的时空分布及变化特征。结果表明：山东省主要有5个雾区,分别是威海市;青岛附近;鲁东南沿海地区;潍坊到莱阳的半岛内陆地区;包括菏泽、聊城、德州和滨州大部分的山东西部地区）。总体上山东雾日年变化呈现振荡中增加再降低趋势。山东区域具有显著的雾日年变化趋势一致性的特点,山东内陆多地雾日年变化与山东省年平均雾日变化有很好的相关性。辐射雾多出现在秋冬季节,海雾主要出现在春夏季节,特别是4—7月,总体上看山东以内陆辐射雾为主。 相似文献
5.
利用重庆地区34个测站，1960-2000年6～8月降水量资料，采用EOF，REOF，小波分析及突变分析等方法，对重庆地区夏季降水量的空间分布特征和时间演变规律进行了诊断分析研究。结果表明：重庆地区夏季降水的空间分布既有整体一致的性质，也存在南部和北部及东部和西部相反变化的差异，并且可以把整个重庆地区划分为四个主要的降水分布型：渝西北区、渝东北区、渝东南区及渝西南区。各分布型代表站资料反映出近40a来，重庆地区夏季降水有增加趋势，并且存在着22a、14a、及2～4a的周期变化。 相似文献
6.
7.
甘肃省近50a夏季极端强降水量的气候特征 总被引：8，自引：2，他引：6
利用甘肃省1960—2006年59个台站逐日降水资料,根据百分位值法定义了不同台站的极端强降水阈值,统计出了夏季（6～8月）逐年逐站极端强降水量,并进行了时空特征诊断。结果表明：一致性异常分布是甘肃省夏季极端强降水量的最主要空间模态;夏季极端强降水量的异常空间分布可分为陇南型、陇中型、河西西部型、河西东部型及陇东型5个关键区;在5个关键区中,陇南区、陇中区近47a来夏季极端强降水量表现出减少趋势,河西东部区与陇东区表现出增加趋势,而河西西部区却经历了少-多-少的抛物线型变化;另外从周期分析来看,甘肃省夏季极端强降水量近47a来在大多数分区存在11～13a和6～8a的振荡周期。 相似文献
8.
广东年、季降水量时空变化分布特征 总被引：10，自引：8，他引：2
选取广东省86个气象观测站1966～2007年42年的逐月降水资料,应用EOF分析方法对广东省年、季降水特征进行对比分析,结果表明：年、季降水量距平第1特征向量场分布全省位相比较一致,反映全区一致偏少（多）的主要特性,雨季雨量变化的地域差异比干季大,粤西变化梯度大于粤东,山脉对这种变化分布特征的影响十分明显;上半年降水量多寡的空间变化对年雨量的多寡空间变化具有重要影响,上半年雨量的空间变化特征基本上决定了年雨量的空间变化特征。汛期降水的多寡对该年旱涝特征具有决定性影响,但也有例外。 相似文献
9.
河南省春季降水量的时空分布 总被引：1，自引：1，他引：0
利用河南省分布均匀的60个测站1961-2006年春季降水量资料,采用线性趋势、多项武拟合、最大熵谱分析、EOF等方法对河南省春季降水量的年际、年代际变化及时空分布特征进行分析,结果显示:河南省春季降水量空间分布南北差异较大,呈现南多北少;春季旱年多于涝年,尤其4、5月偏旱的年份显著多于偏涝年;春季降水量的线性趋势不明显.年际变化具有显著的5 a振荡周期;春季及其各月降水量场第一特征向量呈现全省一致型,其方差贡献率达70%左右,全省春季同涝同旱特征显著. 相似文献
10.
利用1960~2006年我国地温、气温逐日4个时次[02:00(北京时间,下同)、08:00、14:00和20:00]的和中国降水台站观测资料以及NCEP/NCAR再分析资料,分析了我国春季(3~5月)和夏季(6~8月)地气温差的时空变化特征及其与夏季降水的联系。分析结果表明:我国春季地气温差主要存在着3种空间模态分布,第1模态表现出我国西部地区地气温差为正值,我国东部地区从南至北呈现出"-、+、-、+"空间分布特征;而第2模态则呈现"+、-、+"的空间分布特征;第3模态则表现出一致的空间分布特征。我国夏季地气温差同样存在着3种空间模态分布,第1模态表现出我国东部和西部地区夏季地气温差反相的空间分布特征;第2模态则呈现出"-、+、-"的空间分布特征;而第3模态则表现出"+、-、+、-"的空间分布特征。分析结果进一步表明我国春季和夏季地气温差第1模态与我国长江中下游地区夏季降水均存在正相关关系,而与华北地区出现负相关关系。而且,夏季更加显著。这主要是由于我国东部和西部热力差异增强,有利于在我国东部地区出现西北风异常,这说明东亚夏季风偏弱,不利于水汽向北输送,有利于华北地区降水偏少。并且,在我国东南部地区出现水汽辐合和上升运动,从而有利于我国长江中下游地区夏季降水偏多。 相似文献
11.
The spatial and temporal variations of daily maximum temperature(Tmax), daily minimum temperature(Tmin), daily maximum precipitation(Pmax) and daily maximum wind speed(WSmax) were examined in China using Mann-Kendall test and linear regression method. The results indicated that for China as a whole, Tmax, Tmin and Pmax had significant increasing trends at rates of 0.15℃ per decade, 0.45℃ per decade and 0.58 mm per decade,respectively, while WSmax had decreased significantly at 1.18 m·s~(-1) per decade during 1959—2014. In all regions of China, Tmin increased and WSmax decreased significantly. Spatially, Tmax increased significantly at most of the stations in South China(SC), northwestern North China(NC), northeastern Northeast China(NEC), eastern Northwest China(NWC) and eastern Southwest China(SWC), and the increasing trends were significant in NC, SC, NWC and SWC on the regional average. Tmin increased significantly at most of the stations in China, with notable increase in NEC, northern and southeastern NC and northwestern and eastern NWC. Pmax showed no significant trend at most of the stations in China, and on the regional average it decreased significantly in NC but increased in SC, NWC and the mid-lower Yangtze River valley(YR). WSmax decreased significantly at the vast majority of stations in China, with remarkable decrease in northern NC, northern and central YR, central and southern SC and in parts of central NEC and western NWC. With global climate change and rapidly economic development, China has become more vulnerable to climatic extremes and meteorological disasters, so more strategies of mitigation and/or adaptation of climatic extremes,such as environmentally-friendly and low-cost energy production systems and the enhancement of engineering defense measures are necessary for government and social publics. 相似文献
12.
Yuepeng PAN Mengna GU Yuexin HE Dianming WU Chunyan LIU Linlin SONG Shili TIAN Xuemei Lü Yang SUN Tao SONG Wendell W. WALTERS Xuejun LIU Nicholas A. MARTIN Qianqian ZHANG Yunting FANG Valerio FERRACCI Yuesi WANG 《大气科学进展》2020,37(9):933-938
正While China’s Air Pollution Prevention and Control Action Plan on particulate matter since 2013 has reduced sulfate significantly, aerosol ammonium nitrate remains high in East China. As the high nitrate abundances are strongly linked with ammonia, reducing ammonia emissions is becoming increasingly important to improve the air quality of China. Although satellite data provide evidence of substantial increases in atmospheric ammonia concentrations over major agricultural regions, long-term surface observation of ammonia concentrations are sparse. In addition, there is still no consensus on 相似文献
13.
Using the International Comprehensive Ocean-Atmosphere Data Set(ICOADS) and ERA-Interim data, spatial distributions of air-sea temperature difference(ASTD) in the South China Sea(SCS) for the past 35 years are compared,and variations of spatial and temporal distributions of ASTD in this region are addressed using empirical orthogonal function decomposition and wavelet analysis methods. The results indicate that both ICOADS and ERA-Interim data can reflect actual distribution characteristics of ASTD in the SCS, but values of ASTD from the ERA-Interim data are smaller than those of the ICOADS data in the same region. In addition, the ASTD characteristics from the ERA-Interim data are not obvious inshore. A seesaw-type, north-south distribution of ASTD is dominant in the SCS; i.e., a positive peak in the south is associated with a negative peak in the north in November, and a negative peak in the south is accompanied by a positive peak in the north during April and May. Interannual ASTD variations in summer or autumn are decreasing. There is a seesaw-type distribution of ASTD between Beibu Bay and most of the SCS in summer, and the center of large values is in the Nansha Islands area in autumn. The ASTD in the SCS has a strong quasi-3a oscillation period in all seasons, and a quasi-11 a period in winter and spring. The ASTD is positively correlated with the Nio3.4 index in summer and autumn but negatively correlated in spring and winter. 相似文献
14.
The moving-window correlation analysis was applied to investigate the relationship between autumn Indian Ocean Dipole (IOD) events and the synchronous autumn precipitation in Huaxi region, based on the daily precipitation, sea surface temperature (SST) and atmospheric circulation data from 1960 to 2012. The correlation curves of IOD and the early modulation of Huaxi region’s autumn precipitation indicated a mutational site appeared in the 1970s. During 1960 to 1979, when the IOD was in positive phase in autumn, the circulations changed from a “W” shape to an ”M” shape at 500 hPa in Asia middle-high latitude region. Cold flux got into the Sichuan province with Northwest flow, the positive anomaly of the water vapor flux transported from Western Pacific to Huaxi region strengthened, caused precipitation increase in east Huaxi region. During 1980 to 1999, when the IOD in autumn was positive phase, the atmospheric circulation presented a “W” shape at 500 hPa, the positive anomaly of the water vapor flux transported from Bay of Bengal to Huaxi region strengthened, caused precipitation ascend in west Huaxi region. In summary, the Indian Ocean changed from cold phase to warm phase since the 1970s, caused the instability of the inter-annual relationship between the IOD and the autumn rainfall in Huaxi region. 相似文献
15.
《大气和海洋科学快报》2013,(4):227
正AIMS AND SCOPE Atmospheric and Oceanic Science Letters (AOSL) publishes short research letters on all disciplines of the atmosphere sciences and physical oceanography. 相似文献
16.
Connections between the Eurasian teleconnection and concurrent variation of upper-level jets over East Asia 总被引：3，自引：0，他引：3
The variation of the East Asian jet stream(EAJS) associated with the Eurasian(EU) teleconnection pattern is investigated using 60-yr NCEP–NCAR daily reanalysis data over the period 1951–2010. The EAJS consists of three components: the polar front jet(PFJ); the plateau subtropical jet(PSJ); and the ocean subtropical jet(OSJ). Of these three jets over East Asia,the EU pattern exhibits a significant influence on the PFJ and OSJ. There is a simultaneous negative correlation between the EU pattern and the PFJ. A significant positive correlation is found between the EU pattern and the OSJ when the EU pattern leads the OSJ by about 5 days. There is no obvious correlation between the EU pattern and the PSJ. The positive EU phase is accompanied by a weakened and poleward-shifted PFJ, which coincides with an intensified OSJ. A possible mechanism for the variation of the EAJS during different EU phases is explored via analyzing the effects of 10-day high-and low-frequency eddy forcing. The zonal wind tendency due to high-frequency eddy forcing contributes to the simultaneous negative correlation between the EU pattern and the PFJ, as well as the northward/southward shift of the PFJ. High- and low-frequency eddy forcing are both responsible for the positive correlation between the EU pattern and the OSJ, but only high-frequency eddy forcing contributes to the lagged variation of the OSJ relative to the EU pattern. The negative correlation between the EU pattern and winter temperature and precipitation anomalies in China is maintained only when the PFJ and OSJ are out of phase with each other. Thus, the EAJS plays an important role in transmitting the EU signal to winter temperature and precipitation anomalies in China. 相似文献
17.
By using the gauged rainfall in 160 stations within mainland China and the NCEP/NCAR reanalysis data, the impacts of anomalous SST in Kuroshio and its extension on precipitation in Northeast China were investigated. The results show that a difference in the meridional circulation such as the East Asia/Pacific teleconnection pattern(EAP)may be responsible for the difference in rainfall between 1998 and 2010. In comparison with 1998, the anomalous meridional circulation pattern in 2010 shifted northeastward, and then the western subtropical high, the mid-latitudinal trough and the northeastern Asia blocking high also shifted northeastward, causing intensified convergence of the cold and warm air masses at the southern region and thus more rainfall in the southwestern region and less in the northwestern region. In 1998, the anomalous cyclone, one component of the meridional pattern, located at the Songhuajiang-Nengjiang River basin, resulted in more rainfall in the majority of the area. The results of observation and the model show that the difference in SSTA in Kuroshio and its extension under the background of different El Ni觡o events is the key point:(1) The anomalous warmth moved westward from the mid-Pacific to the east of the Philippine Sea during the central event, which led the heat resources shifting to the northeast in 2010; subsequently, a shift occurred to the north of the anomalous ascent and decent, followed by a warm SSTA in the region of Kuroshio's extension in 2010 and Kuroshio in 1998.(2) The warm SSTA in the Kuroshio extension causing the Rossby wave activity flux strengthened in 2010, and then the westerly jet shifted northward and extended eastward. A warm SSTA in Kuroshio and cold SSTA in its extension in 1998 caused the westerly jet to shift southward and weaken. As a result,the anomalous anticyclone and cyclone shifted northward in 2010, and the blocking high also shifted northward. 相似文献
18.
<p>PARTITION OF SEASON BASED ON MULTIELEMENTS AND THE DECADAL CHANGE OF SEASON DURATION IN CHINA</p>
<p>Using the multielements similarity measurement method and 1950–C2017 NCEP/NCAR gridded daily reanalysis datasets, we analyzed season duration in China during 1950–C2016, and we defined the element with maximum absolute sensitivity as the key impact element at each point using the sensitivity analysis method. The decadal change of season duration and its key impact element before and after 1980 were studied. The results indicated obvious meridional and zonal differences in the distribution of season duration for the 67-year average, and that the key impact element has the same distribution characteristics as season duration. In addition, complementary relationships were found between the durations of spring and summer, autumn and winter, and the cold and warm seasons. Of those, the complementary relationship between the durations of spring and summer was strongest and the regions of complementarity were numerous. The complementary regions of autumn and winter durations were found mainly in western China. In the cold and warm seasons, the complementary regions were widespread and the complementary relationship was generally weak. Comparison of the periods before and after 1980 revealed an east–Cwest difference in the interdecadal variation of season duration. Interdecadal variation in spring and summer was found concentrated in northern and western regions, while that in autumn and winter was concentrated in the western region. Areas of significant interdecadal variation of the key elements were found concentrated in northern and western regions, corresponding well with the areas of significant interdecadal variation of season duration.</p> 相似文献
19.
Understanding potential future influence of environmental, economic, and social drivers on land-use and sustainability is critical for guiding strategic decisions that can help nations adapt to change, anticipate opportunities, and cope with surprises. Using the Land-Use Trade-Offs (LUTO) model, we undertook a comprehensive, detailed, integrated, and quantitative scenario analysis of land-use and sustainability for Australia’s agricultural land from 2013–2050, under interacting global change and domestic policies, and considering key uncertainties. We assessed land use competition between multiple land-uses and assessed the sustainability of economic returns and ecosystem services at high spatial (1.1 km grid cells) and temporal (annual) resolution. We found substantial potential for land-use transition from agriculture to carbon plantings, environmental plantings, and biofuels cropping under certain scenarios, with impacts on the sustainability of economic returns and ecosystem services including food/fibre production, emissions abatement, water resource use, biodiversity services, and energy production. However, the type, magnitude, timing, and location of land-use responses and their impacts were highly dependent on scenario parameter assumptions including global outlook and emissions abatement effort, domestic land-use policy settings, land-use change adoption behaviour, productivity growth, and capacity constraints. With strong global abatement incentives complemented by biodiversity-focussed domestic land-use policy, land-use responses can substantially increase and diversify economic returns to land and produce a much wider range of ecosystem services such as emissions abatement, biodiversity, and energy, without major impacts on agricultural production. However, better governance is needed for managing potentially significant water resource impacts. The results have wide-ranging implications for land-use and sustainability policy and governance at global and domestic scales and can inform strategic thinking and decision-making about land-use and sustainability in Australia. A comprehensive and freely available 26 GB data pack (http://doi.org/10.4225/08/5604A2E8A00CC) provides a unique resource for further research. As similarly nuanced transformational change is also possible elsewhere, our template for comprehensive, integrated, quantitative, and high resolution scenario analysis can support other nations in strategic thinking and decision-making to prepare for an uncertain future. 相似文献
20.
碳交易政策的经济影响:以广东省为例 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
通过构建广东省两区域动态模型,对广东省碳交易及其他政策措施进行定量评估,分析实施可调控总量的碳交易政策机制对广东省及参与交易部门的经济影响。研究结果表明,按照减排情景到2015年广东完成19.5%的碳强度下降目标,相比基准情景,GDP将减少0.7%;按照强减排情景到2015年将完成20.5%的碳强度下降目标,相比基准情景GDP将减少0.9%;如果在强减排情景的基础上实施碳交易政策,GDP相对基准情景减少0.8%,到2015年实施碳交易政策可减少GDP损失约90亿元,说明广东建立碳排放权交易机制能够发挥支持经济发展和节能减碳双赢的作用。 相似文献