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2011年10月大气环流主要特征如下：极涡呈偶极型分布,中心分别位于格陵兰岛北部和亚洲北部,位于格陵兰岛的中心比常年略偏强。中高纬度地区环流呈现4波型分布,大西洋中部和太平洋东部大槽的强度略偏强,东欧槽和东亚槽比常年偏弱。南支槽大约位于90。E附近略偏西,与多年平均位置一致,强度略偏强。副热带高压强度接近常年同期。2011年10月全国平均气温为10.6℃,较常年偏高1.0℃。全国平均降水量为38.7 mm,较常年同期偏多1.7 mm。月内出现4次较强降水过程、2次较强冷空气过程和3次大雾天气过程。 相似文献
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2011年9月大气环流主要特征如下：极涡呈单极型,中心略偏向西半球,中高纬度环流呈5波形分布,槽区分别位于北太平洋东北部、北美洲东部、北大西洋北部、欧洲东部、亚洲东北部。北太平洋东北部上空500 hPa高度场上有160 gpm的负距平。西北太平洋副热带高压面积较常年同期偏小,强度偏弱,西脊点位置偏东,脊线偏北。2011年9月全国平均气温16.4℃,比常年同期（16.0℃）偏高0.4℃;全国降水量为65.0 mm,接近常年同期（65.3 mm）。月内出现了3次较明显的冷空气过程和7次降水过程,有7个台风生成,其中＂纳沙＂登陆我国,造成重大灾害。 相似文献
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2012年9月大气环流和天气分析 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
2012年9月环流特征如下：北半球高纬度地区极涡呈单极型分布,中心略偏于西半球,北半球高纬度环流呈5波型分布,槽区分别位于亚洲西部、亚洲东部、太平洋中部、北美洲东部和欧洲西部。月内,西太平洋副热带高压西脊点位置变化较大,强度比常年同期偏强。9月,全国平均气温为16．6℃,与常年同期持平,全国平均降水量73．8mm,较常年同期（65．2mm）偏多13．2％。月内共出现6次降水过程,西北太平洋有3个热带气旋活动,没有热带气旋在我国登陆。北方多地出现低温冷冻灾害,16个省（区）遭受风雹灾害。 相似文献
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2017年5月大气环流和天气分析 总被引：3，自引：3，他引：0
2017年5月大气环流的主要特征是极涡偏强且呈单极型分布,中高纬环流呈多波型,西太平洋副热带高压强度较常年偏强,南支槽强度较常年偏弱。5月全国平均气温17.1℃,较常年同期偏高0.9℃,为1961年以来第4高;全国平均降水量59.4 mm,比常年同期（69.5 mm）偏少14.5%,但5月7日广州出现破历史极值的极端强降水。月内我国南方地区有5次区域性暴雨天气过程;北方出现极端高温过程;东北西部、华北等地发生严重气象干旱;北方地区有2次沙尘天气过程。 相似文献
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2011年11月大气环流主要特征是：北半球极涡呈单极性分布,主体位于北极圈内,强度和常年同期接近。中高纬呈4波型,其中欧洲大槽强度较常年偏强,位置偏东;东亚大槽强度偏弱,且位置偏东,这不利于引导冷空气影响我国,月内我国出现了5次主要的冷空气过程,11月全国平均气温为3.9℃,比常年同期（2.1℃）偏高1.8℃。南支槽位于100°E附近,强度接近常年,副高的位置偏西,有利西南暖湿空气向我国的输送。11月,我国出现6次主要的降水过程,全国平均降水量为28.3mm,较常年同期（18.0 mm）偏多57.3%,为近20年来的最大值。北方大部地区降水较常年偏多,其中西北地区东部、内蒙古南部、华北西部、江南东南部和华南中东部较常年同期偏多2倍以上。 相似文献
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2013年8月大气环流和天气分析 总被引：6，自引：1，他引：5
2013年8月环流特征如下：极涡呈单极型分布、贝加尔湖以东地区为明显负高度距平,我国中高纬多短波槽活动,东北冷涡活动频繁,西太平洋副热带高压强度较常年偏强、偏西。8月全国平均降水量101.0 mm,较常年同期（105.3 mm）偏少4.1%;全国平均气温22.0℃,较常年同期（20.8℃）偏高1.2℃,与2006年并列为1961年来同期最高。8月我国的大范围强降水过程有7次。月内东北地区暴雨过程频繁,共出现5次局地强降水过程,造成松花江、嫩江和黑龙江流域等出现大范围洪涝灾害。8月共有6个热带气旋在南海和西北太平洋活动,其中“飞燕”、“尤特”和“潭美”等3个热带气旋在我国登陆。我国黄淮西部及淮河以南大部地区出现35℃以上异常高温天气,其中黄淮西部、江淮大部、江汉、江南以及广西北部、重庆、贵州东部、四川东部、新疆南部和东部最高气温普遍达38～40℃,部分地区超过40℃。 相似文献
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2013年5月大气环流和天气分析 总被引：1，自引：1，他引：0
2013年5月环流特征如下:北半球极涡呈单极型分布,中心强度较常年偏强2～4 dagpm,东亚高纬环流呈4波型分布,其中新西伯利亚地区有一切断低涡,造成了新疆北部的降温天气;南支波动较常年同期活跃,南海季风爆发较常年同期偏早,副热带高压逐步西伸北抬.5月,全国平均气温为16.9℃,较常年同期(16.2℃)偏高0.7℃;全国平均降水量为85.5 mm,较常年同期(69.5 mm)偏多23.0％,为1961年以来历史同期第二多.月内,我国主要天气特点是:南方暴雨频发,20个省市遭受风雹袭击,北方地区出现一次沙尘天气. 相似文献
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2016年6月大气环流和天气分析 总被引：6，自引：2，他引：4
2016年6月环流特征如下：北半球极涡成单极型,中心位于波弗特海北侧附近,较常年同期偏强;中高纬环流呈4波型;西太平洋副热带高压强度较常年同期面积偏大、强度偏强。6月全国平均气温为20.7℃,较常年同期（20.0℃）偏高0.7℃;全国平均降水量为117.0 mm,较常年同期（99.8 mm）偏多17.2%,气温和降水量均为1961年以来第三高值。月内我国出现7次主要的降水过程。江淮、江南北部等地暴雨过程频发,长江中下游地区多地遭受洪涝灾害;华北、黄淮、江淮北部多风雹天气,江苏盐城龙卷风造成严重人员伤亡;月内西北太平洋无台风生成。 相似文献
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2017年12月大气环流和天气分析 总被引：2，自引：2，他引：0
2017年12月大气环流的主要特征如下：北半球极涡呈偶极型分布,欧亚中高纬环流呈两槽一脊型;南支槽位于70°E 附近,较常年同期偏西,副热带高压位置偏西,不利于水汽向我国中东部地区输送。12月,全国平均降水量为5.9 mm,比常年同期（10.8 mm）偏少44.8%,我国北方大部分地区降水量较常年同期偏少4~8成。全国平均气温-2.2℃,较常年同期（-3.2℃）偏高1℃;受偏强东北低涡影响,东北地区和内蒙古中东部气温较常年同期偏低1~3℃。月内,冷空气活动频繁,但强度较弱,出现5次一般强度冷空气过程。受频繁冷空气影响,雾 霾天气较常年同期偏少,仅28—30日出现一次大范围持续性雾 霾天气。 相似文献
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Observed daily precipitation data from the National Meteorological Observatory in Hainan province and daily data from the National Centers for Environmental Prediction/National Center for Atmospheric Research (NCEP/NCAR) reanalysis-2 dataset from 1981 to 2014 are used to analyze the relationship between Hainan extreme heavy rainfall processes in autumn (referred to as EHRPs) and 10–30 d low-frequency circulation. Based on the key low-frequency signals and the NCEP Climate Forecast System Version 2 (CFSv2) model forecasting products, a dynamical-statistical method is established for the extended-range forecast of EHRPs. The results suggest that EHRPs have a close relationship with the 10–30 d low-frequency oscillation of 850 hPa zonal wind over Hainan Island and to its north, and that they basically occur during the trough phase of the low-frequency oscillation of zonal wind. The latitudinal propagation of the low-frequency wave train in the middle-high latitudes and the meridional propagation of the low-frequency wave train along the coast of East Asia contribute to the ‘north high (cold), south low (warm)’ pattern near Hainan Island, which results in the zonal wind over Hainan Island and to its north reaching its trough, consequently leading to EHRPs. Considering the link between low-frequency circulation and EHRPs, a low-frequency wave train index (LWTI) is defined and adopted to forecast EHRPs by using NCEP CFSv2 forecasting products. EHRPs are predicted to occur during peak phases of LWTI with value larger than 1 for three or more consecutive forecast days. Hindcast experiments for EHRPs in 2015–2016 indicate that EHRPs can be predicted 8–24 d in advance, with an average period of validity of 16.7 d. 相似文献
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Based on the measurements obtained at 64 national meteorological stations in the Beijing–Tianjin–Hebei (BTH) region between 1970 and 2013, the potential evapotranspiration (ET0) in this region was estimated using the Penman–Monteith equation and its sensitivity to maximum temperature (Tmax), minimum temperature (Tmin), wind speed (Vw), net radiation (Rn) and water vapor pressure (Pwv) was analyzed, respectively. The results are shown as follows. (1) The climatic elements in the BTH region underwent significant changes in the study period. Vw and Rn decreased significantly, whereas Tmin, Tmax and Pwv increased considerably. (2) In the BTH region, ET0 also exhibited a significant decreasing trend, and the sensitivity of ET0 to the climatic elements exhibited seasonal characteristics. Of all the climatic elements, ET0 was most sensitive to Pwv in the fall and winter and Rn in the spring and summer. On the annual scale, ET0 was most sensitive to Pwv, followed by Rn, Vw, Tmax and Tmin. In addition, the sensitivity coefficient of ET0 with respect to Pwv had a negative value for all the areas, indicating that increases in Pwv can prevent ET0 from increasing. (3) The sensitivity of ET0 to Tmin and Tmax was significantly lower than its sensitivity to other climatic elements. However, increases in temperature can lead to changes in Pwv and Rn. The temperature should be considered the key intrinsic climatic element that has caused the "evaporation paradox" phenomenon in the BTH region. 相似文献
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Storms that occur at the Bay of Bengal (BoB) are of a bimodal pattern, which is different from that of the other sea areas. By using the NCEP, SST and JTWC data, the causes of the bimodal pattern storm activity of the BoB are diagnosed and analyzed in this paper. The result shows that the seasonal variation of general atmosphere circulation in East Asia has a regulating and controlling impact on the BoB storm activity, and the “bimodal period” of the storm activity corresponds exactly to the seasonal conversion period of atmospheric circulation. The minor wind speed of shear spring and autumn contributed to the storm, which was a crucial factor for the generation and occurrence of the “bimodal pattern” storm activity in the BoB. The analysis on sea surface temperature (SST) shows that the SSTs of all the year around in the BoB area meet the conditions required for the generation of tropical cyclones (TCs). However, the SSTs in the central area of the bay are higher than that of the surrounding areas in spring and autumn, which facilitates the occurrence of a “two-peak” storm activity pattern. The genesis potential index (GPI) quantifies and reflects the environmental conditions for the generation of the BoB storms. For GPI, the intense low-level vortex disturbance in the troposphere and high-humidity atmosphere are the sufficient conditions for storms, while large maximum wind velocity of the ground vortex radius and small vertical wind shear are the necessary conditions of storms. 相似文献
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The spatial and temporal variations of daily maximum temperature(Tmax), daily minimum temperature(Tmin), daily maximum precipitation(Pmax) and daily maximum wind speed(WSmax) were examined in China using Mann-Kendall test and linear regression method. The results indicated that for China as a whole, Tmax, Tmin and Pmax had significant increasing trends at rates of 0.15℃ per decade, 0.45℃ per decade and 0.58 mm per decade,respectively, while WSmax had decreased significantly at 1.18 m·s~(-1) per decade during 1959—2014. In all regions of China, Tmin increased and WSmax decreased significantly. Spatially, Tmax increased significantly at most of the stations in South China(SC), northwestern North China(NC), northeastern Northeast China(NEC), eastern Northwest China(NWC) and eastern Southwest China(SWC), and the increasing trends were significant in NC, SC, NWC and SWC on the regional average. Tmin increased significantly at most of the stations in China, with notable increase in NEC, northern and southeastern NC and northwestern and eastern NWC. Pmax showed no significant trend at most of the stations in China, and on the regional average it decreased significantly in NC but increased in SC, NWC and the mid-lower Yangtze River valley(YR). WSmax decreased significantly at the vast majority of stations in China, with remarkable decrease in northern NC, northern and central YR, central and southern SC and in parts of central NEC and western NWC. With global climate change and rapidly economic development, China has become more vulnerable to climatic extremes and meteorological disasters, so more strategies of mitigation and/or adaptation of climatic extremes,such as environmentally-friendly and low-cost energy production systems and the enhancement of engineering defense measures are necessary for government and social publics. 相似文献
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《大气和海洋科学快报》2013,(1):67
正AIMS AND SCOPE Atmospheric and Oceanic Science Letters (AOSL) publishes short research letters on all disciplines of the atmosphere sciences and physical oceanography. Contributions from all over the world are welcome.SUBMISSIONAll submitted 相似文献
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<正>With the support of specialized funds for national science institutions,the Guangzhou Institute of Tropical and Marine Meteorology,China Meteorological Administration set up in October 2008 an experiment base for marine meteorology and a number of observation systems for the coastal boundary layer,air-sea flux,marine environmental elements,and basic meteorological elements at Bohe town,Maoming city,Guangdong province,in the northern part of the South China Sea. 相似文献
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《大气和海洋科学快报》2014,7(6):F0003-F0003
AIMS AND SCOPE
Atmospheric and Oceanic Science Letters （AOSL） publishes short research letters on all disciplines of the atmosphere sciences and physical oceanography. Contributions from all over the world are welcome. 相似文献
Atmospheric and Oceanic Science Letters （AOSL） publishes short research letters on all disciplines of the atmosphere sciences and physical oceanography. Contributions from all over the world are welcome. 相似文献
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《大气和海洋科学快报》2014,(5):F0003-F0003
AIMS AND SCOPE Atmospheric and Oceanic Science Letters （AOSL） pub- lishes short research letters on all disciplines of the atmos- phere sciences and physical oceanography. Contributions from all over the world are welcome. 相似文献
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《大气和海洋科学快报》2012,(3):273
正AIMS AND SCOPE Atmospheric and Oceanic Science Letters (AOSL) publishes short research letters on all disciplines of the atmosphere sciences 相似文献