共查询到20条相似文献，搜索用时 437 毫秒
1.
2.
大气廓线综合探测系统及其应用技术 总被引：6，自引：6，他引：6
介绍了大气廓线综合探测系统——风廓线仪与RASS雷达的工作原理，并以具体实例来说明这种探测技术在国外高空探测领域中的广泛应用。它可以被用来推算湿度廓线，探测锋的热动力结构与垂直风结构，诊断热带地区行星边界层和降雨云系统。通过对中日科技人员2002年夏季在安徽省肥西县进行的中尺度天气观测试验资料分析，阐述了用风廓线仪和RASS雷达资料反演0．2～2．2km高度范围内湿度廓线的方法。 相似文献
3.
宋巧云孙成云梁丰王令杨立民 《气象科学进展》2013,(5):24-28
简要总结了近年来风廓线雷达探测资料在北京市气象局的业务应用情况。风廓线雷达为实时监测、分析天气系统尤其是中小尺度天气系统的发生、发展提供了可能。其资料直接或二次开发后应用到天气监测、个例分析中,有利于加强预报员对中小尺度天气系统物理机制的进一步认识和理解,提高短时临近预报水平。风廓线雷达和微波辐射计配合使用,可以构建特种探空,用于补充常规探空时空分辨率的不足。该文目的旨在为风廓线雷达的业务应用提供更好的参考和借鉴。 相似文献
4.
5.
随着风廓线雷达技术的发展,高空风探测参量越来越多,数据精度不断提高,探测能力得到了极大提升。评估风廓线雷达数据置信度是风廓线雷达应用中需要解决的重要问题。本文基于径向数据和风场合成两个阶段,在风廓线雷达数据反演过程中形成数据置信度算法,并引入噪声电平。同时,利用南京同站址风廓线雷达和探空1 a的资料进行匹配比对,对置信度算法性能进行评估,结果表明该置信度算法可行。将置信度算法植入风廓线雷达数据处理软件中,能实时输出含置信度的风廓线雷达产品数据,有利于预报人员合理使用置信度较高的风廓线雷达产品数据。对于置信度较差的产品数据进行分析,可有助于及时发现雷达的潜在故障。 相似文献
6.
风廓线雷达已经广泛应用于国民经济的许多领域,现在对于其应用已不仅仅局限于风场资料,对回波强度、信噪比、速度谱宽等信息的使用也越来越多。因此,对其开展标校工作就显得非常重要。以CFL-03型风廓线雷达为例,介绍了一种风廓线雷达的自动标校技术,从技术方案设计到信号流程、系统硬件组成,以及对其实现方法进行了研究,并用机外仪器对设备进行了测试,将测试结果和自动标校结果进行了对比,对比结果证明该自动标校系统的精度达到了设计目的,能够满足雷达业务运行要求。 相似文献
7.
风廓线雷达以测风为主要目的设计,没有充分考虑强度的定量测量。如果能够实现强度定量测量将大大扩展风廓线雷达的应用范围。首要的扩展应用就是可以获取雨滴谱分布、解决降水定量测量准确性问题。若实现强度定量测量,需要解决的一个关键技术问题是如何由其功率谱数据准确计算噪声功率。该文根据风廓线雷达功率谱估计方法、依据噪声频域统计特性,提出了一种计算风廓线雷达功率谱噪声功率的方法,并利用风廓线雷达实测功率谱数据进行检验。检验结果表明:即便在有降水或存在地物时,该方法仍可以准确、快速分辨出噪声功率谱, 且客观有效。 相似文献
8.
9.
风廓线雷达资料对GRAPES_MESO数值预报系统影响的初步研究 总被引：4，自引：1，他引：3
针对一个南方切变线系统降水个例,通过观测系统模拟试验(OSSEs)对我国拟建风廓线雷达观测网内的不同类型风廓线雷达观测资料在GRAPES_MESO系统中的影响、对风廓线雷达观测和探空观测及两者混合使用时在GRAPES_MESO系统中的影响差异进行了初步分析和讨论。试验结果表明,在GRAPES_MESO系统中,风廓线雷达资料对500 hPa高度以下水平风速分析场的修正作用明显优于探空资料;风廓线雷达资料对水平风速分析场的影响高度极限大约在300 hPa附近,经过6h的传播,其影响可以向上继续传播至250 hPa以上高度;在300 hPa高度以下,同化对流层Ⅱ型风廓线雷达资料对水平风速分析场的影响比边界层型风廓线雷达资料略大;单独同化风廓线雷达资料对降水预报的贡献较弱,与探空观测混合使用时有助改进降水预报。 相似文献
10.
文章讨论了风廓线雷达标定系统中的两个问题。首先,在风廓线雷达回波强度标定原理的基础上,依据雷达气象方程,分析了发射功率变化和接收机增益变化对回波强度测量精度的影响,提出了通过实时测量每个脉冲重复周期内发射采样脉冲功率和回波功率在数字中频接收机的输出值,改善回波强度测量精度的方法。其次,在风廓线雷达速度标定原理的基础上,分析了速度标定中因I/Q信号的幅度、相位不平衡造成的镜像谱分量,提出了一种基于信号时域统计特性的订正方法,并利用I/Q信号数学模型进行了仿真实验,结果表明,该方法可以有效抑制I/Q信号幅相不平衡产生的镜像谱分量。 相似文献
11.
Summary ?This paper describes the configuration of measurement systems operated continuously at the Meteorological Observatory Lindenberg
with the aim of constructing combined profiles of wind and temperature – so-called composite profiles – covering the boundary
layer with high temporal and vertical resolution. This is required for the forcing of a micro-α-scale model in order to simulate
the atmospheric boundary layer structure over a heterogeneous landscape during the LITFASS-98 experiment. The problems of
combining measurements of different remote sensing and in-situ systems are briefly discussed. Although the measuring range
of individual remote sensing systems is variable, the height coverage of wind and temperature profile measurements by sodar/RASS
and two wind profiler radar/RASS complement each other very well. Using a simple merging procedure composite wind and temperature
profiles have been synthesized based on radiosonde, windprofiler/RASS, sodar/RASS and tower measurements. Time-height cross
sections of hourly composite profiles show considerably more details of the boundary layer structure than simple radiosonde
interpolation due to the higher sampling frequency, higher vertical resolution and increased accuracy at the lower levels.
Finally some qualifications of the formulated algorithm are suggested for future application.
Received June 18, 2001; revised May 30, 2002; accepted June 6, 2002 相似文献
12.
Summary This paper presents a brief synopsis of past, current and anticipated progress and problems in the use of acoustic remote
sensing for basic and applied research of the lower atmosphere. The potential and reality of the sodar for determination of
meteorological parameters and turbulence characteristics is discussed. Sodars’ place alongside other ground-based remote sensors,
including radar wind profilers, radioacoustic sounding systems (RASS) and lidars, is elucidated. Areas of atmospheric research
where Doppler sodar has certain advantages are described such as cost, sensitivity, spatial and temporal resolution and surface
layer measurements. The use of sodar in networks of integrated radar/RASS systems designed to supply uninterrupted monitoring
of atmospheric parameters for improvements in forecasts of weather and air quality is demonstrated.
The special potential role of sodar in education and training of specialists is suggested to aid in developing and using new
methods of atmospheric measurements and meeting the requirements of modern environmental science.
A number of problems are formulated whose solution would favor further advancement of acoustic remote sensing in integrated
systems for remote monitoring of the atmospheric boundary layer.
Received November 23, 1998 Revised January 29, 1999 相似文献
13.
Horizontal wind measured by wind profiling radar (WPR) is based on uniform wind
assumption in volume of lateral beam. However, this assumption cannot completely meet in the
real atmosphere. The subject of this work is to analyze the influence of atmospheric
inhomogeneities for wind measurement. Five-beam WPR can measure two groups of horizontal wind
components U and V independently, using the difference of horizontal wind components U and V
can evaluate the influence of the inhomogeneity of the atmospheric motion on wind measurement.
The influences can be divided into both inhomogeneous distribution of horizontal motion and
vertical motion. Based on wind measurements and meteorological background information, a new
means of coordinate rotation the two kinds of inhomogeneous factor was separated, and the
impact in different weather background was discussed. From analysis of the wind measured by
type of PB-II WPR (445MHz) during 2012 at Yanqing of Beijing, it is shown that the
inhomogeneity of horizontal motion is nearly the same in U and V direction. Both the
inhomogeneities of horizontal motion and vertical motion have influence on wind measurement,
and the degrees of both influences are associated with changes of wind speed. In clear air,
inhomogeneity of horizontal motion is the main influence on wind measurement because of small
vertical velocity. In precipitation, the two influences are larger than that in clear air. 相似文献
14.
基于湍流散射理论,运用边界层风廓线雷达 (WPR) 联合RASS (Radio Acoustic Sounding System), GPS/PWV (Global Position System/Precipitable Water Vapor) 进行全遥感系统的大气比湿廓线反演试验,并对影响因子进行分析。利用2011年8—9月云南大理综合探测试验数据的反演结果与探空数据进行比较分析,结果表明:WPR联合探空的温度廓线和起始边界比湿 (q0) 反演大气比湿廓线,与探空大气比湿廓线相比具有相同的变化趋势,标准差为0.84 g·kg-1,误差随高度增加呈递增趋势;WPR联合RASS, GPS/PWV数据反演大气比湿廓线,与探空大气比湿廓线的标准差为0.85 g·kg-1。参加反演的数据中,折射指数结构常数Cn2与谱宽σturb2对反演影响最大,反演算法中大气折射指数梯度M符号的判断对反演精度也有较大影响。 相似文献
15.
Summary A wind‐profiling Doppler radar equipped with a radio acoustic sounding system (RASS) may be used to estimate the vertical
profile of the vertical flux of heat in the atmosphere. Simultaneous measurements of the time‐varying temperature and vertical
air velocity are combined to give the convective heat flux using the eddy‐correlation method. The accuracy of the estimates
depends on the fundamental accuracy of the temperature and vertical velocity measurements. Also, in common with all eddy‐correlation
methods, uncertainties are introduced by the need to define a suitable averaging time and to remove trends. A problem unique
to RASS is the possible presence of ground and intermittent clutter at close ranges, which can cause errors in the vertical
air velocity measurements. These considerations are discussed with particular reference to observations using a UHF radar
wind profiler situated in an urban environment, where clutter is a serious problem.
A Rank‐Order Signal Processing Algorithm (ROSPA) for recognizing and eliminating outliers in the vertical velocity, is introduced.
It is explained how ROSPA uses both a minimum filter and a median filter on the velocity data. It is shown, using a comparison
with nearly clutter free data from a rural site, that the filtering substantially improves the quality of the noisy urban
data. The paper then compares RASS‐measured urban and rural heat flux profiles, along with the heat flux profile measured
by an instrumented airplane. It is concluded that the main obstacles to RASS heat flux measurements are the effects of winds
and turbulence in the boundary layer, rather than clutter.
Received September 24, 1998 Revised January 27, 1999 相似文献
16.
It has already been known by the meteorological community that MST radar is a powerful toolfor wind profiling of the middle atmosphere.In fact,MST radar observation may also supply thetemporal and spatial information of atmospheric turbulence in the middle atmosphere which issignificant to our understanding the function and effect of turbulence in vertical transport of mass,energy,and momentum.Xianghe MST/ST radar was established in 1995 in its ST mode.Thisradar has the fast scanning ability which is favorable to reveal the structure of middle atmosphericturbulence.Preliminary results are described in this paper. 相似文献
17.
I. V. Petenko 《Meteorology and Atmospheric Physics》1999,71(1-2):69-79
Summary A rigorous theoretical consideration of the parameters of a received signal for a RASS based on a radar wind profiler and
operating in the “Bragg”-operation mode is performed. The calculation approach is based on solving the equations analytically
for diffractive wave beams and takes into account diffraction effects in the Fresnel approxim ation for both radio and acoustic
waves generated by antennas with finite sizes. It is shown that the errors due to the displacement of an acoustic source and
horizontal wind are negligible for RASS based on a monostatic radar not only in the far-field but also in the transition zone
between the Fresnel diffraction and far-field ranges at the lowest RASS operational heights.
Received August 24, 1998 Revised February 25, 1999 相似文献
18.
风廓线雷达对塔克拉玛干沙漠晴天边界层的探测分析 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
利用塔克拉玛干沙漠大气环境观测试验站2010年8和10月边界层风廓线雷达资料,分析了沙漠晴天边界层湍流、大气温度、水平风速风向以及垂直速度的发展演变特征和日变化规律。研究表明：（1）大气折射率结构常数（C_n~2）能较好地反映晴空湍流对电磁波的后向散射能力,可以详细刻画湍流发展旺盛区域的高度、强度及其演变特征;沙漠夏季白天湍流发展剧烈,旺盛区域顶部可达4000 m高度左右。（2）RASS系统对沙漠边界层大气温度的探测具有较好的可信度,其近地边界层温度符合一般的日变化规律,昼夜温差显著,白天高温维持时间长,升温过程相对滞后于近地表气温。（3）风廓线雷达对大气风场的探测结果与地面风速风向一致,沙漠晴天主要受东风和东北风控制,风速较小,平均在2.0～6.0 m·s~（-1）范围变化。（4）沙漠腹地大气垂直速度变化符合静力平衡理论,铅直方向运动很弱,一般在-1.0～1.0 m·s~（-1）范围波动。 相似文献
19.
风廓线雷达测量性能分析 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
从雷达探测理论出发,结合工作实践,从理论上计算了对流层风廓线雷达的探测高度范围、时空分辨率和测量误差,对数据获取率等方面的测量性能进行了分析.结果表明:通过对风廓线雷达的工作波形和工作模式进行恰当设计,对流层风廓线雷达的测量性能可以达到:最大探测高度12 km以上,最小探测高度150 m,高度分辨率75 m,时间分辨率... 相似文献
20.
Comparison of Boundary-Layer Profiles and Layer Detection by AMDAR and WTR/RASS at Frankfurt Airport
At Frankfurt airport (EDDF) vertical soundings of the lower atmosphere from two independent sources are available. One of
them is a wind and temperature profiler (wind temperature radar and radio acoustic sounding system, WTR/RASS) located at the
western end of the main pair of runways. The second source is aircraft meteorological data relay (AMDAR), i.e. measurements
operationally collected by approaching and departing aircraft. Together, both offer a rare opportunity to compare the performance
of these widely used systems. We use 1 year of continuous data to calculate systematic temperature and wind vector differences
between both measurement systems. The differences show a clear season-dependent structure in conjunction with typical inversion
heights. Possible causes for this behaviour are discussed. Second, we compare the ability of both systems to identify inversion
and wind-shear layers above the airport. AMDAR-detected layers are typically higher than wind profiler detections. The layer
base is usually detected with more agreement than the top. The mutual probability of detection of inversions is found to be
mostly between 40 and 60%. 相似文献