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1.
2015年10月大气环流和天气分析 总被引：3，自引：3，他引：0
2015年10月大气环流特征如下：北半球极地地区存在单极涡,极涡强度较常年同期偏强。中高纬环流为4波型,西太平洋副热带高压位置明显偏西,强度偏强。10月全国平均降水量为39.5 mm,较常年同期（35.8 mm）偏多10.3%;全国平均气温为11.0℃,较常年同期（10.3℃）偏高0.7℃。东北、华北和西北地区东部等地共计62站发生极端日降温事件。月内共有4次强降水过程,其中10月3—6日,广东中西部和广西东部出现暴雨天气过程。冷空气势力较强,共有4次主要冷空气过程影响我国。我国中东部出现3次大范围雾 霾天气。10月4日,今年第22号台风彩虹以强台风级在广东沿海登陆并造成重大影响,登陆强度追平历史纪录。 相似文献
2.
2018年8月大气环流和天气分析 总被引：3，自引：1，他引：2
2018年8月大气环流的主要特征是极涡呈单极型分布且强度偏强,亚欧洲大陆中高纬为多波型,西北太平洋副热带高压西脊点偏西,强度接近常年略偏强。8月全国平均气温21.9℃,较常年同期偏高1.1℃,为1961年以来历史同期第四高;全国平均降水量127.7 mm,比常年同期（105.3 mm）偏多21.3%,与历史同期相比呈现中部偏少的分布特征。月内我国有11次区域性暴雨天气过程,多站出现极端日降水量。8月共有10个热带气旋在西北太平洋和南海活动,其中1812号台风云雀、1814号台风摩羯、1816号台风贝碧嘉、1818号台风温比亚登陆,生成和登陆个数较常年偏多。我国中东部出现持续性高温天气,同时强对流天气频发,影响范围较广。 相似文献
3.
2015年6月大气环流和天气分析 总被引：2，自引：2，他引：0
2015年6月大气环流特征为：北半球极涡呈双极型,较常年略偏强;西太平洋副热带高压强度接近常年同期。2015年6月,全国平均气温为20.3℃,较常年同期（20.0℃）偏高0.3℃,北方（南方）地区气温总体较常年同期偏低（高）。全国平均降水量为104.8 mm,较常年同期（99.3 mm）略偏多5.5%。月内出现8次主要的降水过程。江淮、江南北部等地强降水天气较多,多地遭受洪涝灾害,云南西部干旱发展,海南干旱有所缓解,东北地区等地多阵性降水;全国21个省（区、市）遭受风雹灾害。全国64个站发生极端高温事件。今年第8号台风鲸鱼在广东登陆,是今年第一个登陆我国的台风。 相似文献
4.
2018年9月大气环流和天气分析 总被引：3，自引：3，他引：0
2018年9月大气环流的主要特征是：极涡呈偶极型,中高纬地区西风带为多波型分布,西太平洋副高强度较常年偏弱、位置偏西。全国平均降水量74.2 mm,较常年同期(65.3 mm)偏多14%;全国平均气温为16.7℃,较常年同期(16.6℃)偏高0.1℃。9月我国大范围的降水有3次,华南和西北地区东部等地出现强降水,局地灾情严重。9月在西北太平洋和南海共有4个台风生成,其中1822号台风山竹和1823号台风百里嘉在我国广东省登陆。月内黑龙江遭受低温冷冻灾害;华西秋雨开始偏晚,云南、四川南部、重庆和贵州南部秋雨强度总体偏强。 相似文献
5.
2014年6月大气环流和天气分析 总被引：1，自引：1，他引：0
2014年6月大气环流特征为:北半球极涡呈双极型,较常年略偏强;西太平洋副热带高压强度较常年同期偏强,南海季风爆发较常年偏晚3候。2014年6月,全国平均气温为20.5℃,较常年同期(20.0℃)偏高0.5℃,与常年相比全国大部地区气温接近常年同期或偏高。南方地区人梅开始晚,降雨量偏少,江淮地区出现空梅。江淮、黄淮、长江中下游降水偏少20%以上。全国平均降水量为100.7 mm,较常年同期(99.3 mm)略偏多1.4%。月内出现4次主要的降水过程。南方强降水天气较多,多地遭受洪涝灾害,云南干旱有所缓解,东北、华北等地多阵性降水;全国22个省(区、市)遭受风雹灾害。全国101个站发生极端高温事件。今年第7号台风海贝思在广东登陆,是今年第一个登陆我国的台风。 相似文献
6.
2022年10月大气环流的主要特征是北半球极涡呈单极型分布且较常年同期强度偏强,欧亚地区中高纬环流呈“两槽一脊”型,西太平洋副热带高压较常年位置偏西、偏北,强度偏强。10月,全国平均气温为10.8℃,较常年同期(10.6℃)偏高0.2℃;全国平均降水量为34.4 mm,比常年同期(35.6 mm)偏少3.4%。月内我国有2次暴雨天气过程,一次受高空槽、低空急流和副热带高压影响,另一次受台风尼格和高空槽影响。10月共有5个热带气旋在南海和西北太平洋活动,生成个数较常年偏多1.2个,无登陆台风(较常年偏少),其中台风桑卡、纳沙和尼格影响南海、海南岛和华南地区。长江以北气象干旱缓和,长江以南气象干旱持续。 相似文献
7.
2016年7月大气环流和天气分析 总被引：8，自引：4，他引：4
2016年7月大气环流特征为,极涡呈偏心型分布,主体强度较常年偏强;中高纬环流呈4波型分布,北半球副热带高压强度偏强,西太平洋副热带高压整体位置偏南,脊线南北振荡。7月我国平均气温为22.6℃,较常年同期（21.9℃）偏高0.7℃。全国平均降水量131.8 mm,较常年同期（120.6 mm）偏多9.3%,华北、江淮和江南等地偏多显著。强降水天气主要出现在华北地区和南方,7月我国出现8次区域性暴雨天气过程,7月18—22日降水过程多方面突破历史极值。7月西北太平洋地区有4个台风生成,3个台风活跃,2个台风登陆我国,数量较历史同期明显偏少。第一号台风是1949年以来生成时间第二晚的首个台风。内蒙古东北部出现气象干旱。中东部地区和新疆持续高温天气,最长持续天数为11 d,最大影响1075个站点;高温极值为46.8℃,发生在吐鲁番站。 相似文献
8.
2018年7月大气环流和天气分析 总被引：2，自引：2，他引：0
2018年7月大气环流的主要特征是极涡偏强且呈单极型分布,中高纬环流呈4波型,西太平洋副热带高压强度较常年明显偏强,位置较常年明显偏北。7月全国平均气温22.9℃,较常年同期偏高1.1℃,为1961年以来历史同期第三高;全国平均降水量133.8 mm,比常年同期（120.6 mm）偏多11%,与历史同期相比呈现北多南少的分布特征。月内我国有7次区域性暴雨天气过程,多站出现极端日降水量。7月共有5个热带气旋在西北太平洋和南海活动,并有“玛莉亚”、“山神”、“安比”3个台风登陆,生成和登陆个数均较常年偏多。我国中东部出现持续性高温天气,同时强对流天气频发,影响范围较广。 相似文献
9.
2017年10月大气环流和天气分析 总被引：2，自引：2，他引：0
2017年10月环流特征如下：极涡呈偶极型,中高纬地区西风带为4波型分布,西太平洋副高强度较常年偏强、位置明显偏西。全国平均降水量46.2 mm,较常年同期（35.8 mm）偏多29%,为1961年以来第八高;全国平均气温10.6℃,较常年同期（10.3℃）偏高0.3℃。10月我国的大范围降水过程有6次,主要冷空气过程3次,其中8—10日降水过程伴随冷空气活动,给西北地区东部、华北中南部、东北南部带来该地区该季节较罕见的大范围强降水。2017年第20号台风卡努10月中旬登陆广东雷州半岛,给华南带来大风、降水。下旬我国北方出现一次雾 霾天气过程。 相似文献
10.
2023年9月北半球大气环流的主要特征为极涡呈单极型偏向东半球,强度与常年相当,贝加尔湖以西的欧亚中高纬度环流经向度较大,西太平洋副热带高压较常年明显偏西偏强;我国北方大部地区受平直西风环流影响,而南方大部则受西太平洋副热带高压控制。9月,全国平均气温为18.2℃,较常年同期（16.9℃）偏高1.3℃,江南、华南等地出现高温天气;全国平均降水量为69.1 mm,较常年同期（65.3 mm）偏多5.8%。西北太平洋和南海有2个台风生成,较常年同期偏少;另有台风苏拉和海葵登陆我国,接连影响华南导致极端强降水,登陆个数接近常年同期。全国共出现6次大范围较强降水过程及2次强对流天气过程,江苏宿迁、盐城遭受多个强龙卷风袭击。 相似文献
11.
The spatial and temporal variations of daily maximum temperature(Tmax), daily minimum temperature(Tmin), daily maximum precipitation(Pmax) and daily maximum wind speed(WSmax) were examined in China using Mann-Kendall test and linear regression method. The results indicated that for China as a whole, Tmax, Tmin and Pmax had significant increasing trends at rates of 0.15℃ per decade, 0.45℃ per decade and 0.58 mm per decade,respectively, while WSmax had decreased significantly at 1.18 m·s~(-1) per decade during 1959—2014. In all regions of China, Tmin increased and WSmax decreased significantly. Spatially, Tmax increased significantly at most of the stations in South China(SC), northwestern North China(NC), northeastern Northeast China(NEC), eastern Northwest China(NWC) and eastern Southwest China(SWC), and the increasing trends were significant in NC, SC, NWC and SWC on the regional average. Tmin increased significantly at most of the stations in China, with notable increase in NEC, northern and southeastern NC and northwestern and eastern NWC. Pmax showed no significant trend at most of the stations in China, and on the regional average it decreased significantly in NC but increased in SC, NWC and the mid-lower Yangtze River valley(YR). WSmax decreased significantly at the vast majority of stations in China, with remarkable decrease in northern NC, northern and central YR, central and southern SC and in parts of central NEC and western NWC. With global climate change and rapidly economic development, China has become more vulnerable to climatic extremes and meteorological disasters, so more strategies of mitigation and/or adaptation of climatic extremes,such as environmentally-friendly and low-cost energy production systems and the enhancement of engineering defense measures are necessary for government and social publics. 相似文献
12.
Observed daily precipitation data from the National Meteorological Observatory in Hainan province and daily data from the National Centers for Environmental Prediction/National Center for Atmospheric Research (NCEP/NCAR) reanalysis-2 dataset from 1981 to 2014 are used to analyze the relationship between Hainan extreme heavy rainfall processes in autumn (referred to as EHRPs) and 10–30 d low-frequency circulation. Based on the key low-frequency signals and the NCEP Climate Forecast System Version 2 (CFSv2) model forecasting products, a dynamical-statistical method is established for the extended-range forecast of EHRPs. The results suggest that EHRPs have a close relationship with the 10–30 d low-frequency oscillation of 850 hPa zonal wind over Hainan Island and to its north, and that they basically occur during the trough phase of the low-frequency oscillation of zonal wind. The latitudinal propagation of the low-frequency wave train in the middle-high latitudes and the meridional propagation of the low-frequency wave train along the coast of East Asia contribute to the ‘north high (cold), south low (warm)’ pattern near Hainan Island, which results in the zonal wind over Hainan Island and to its north reaching its trough, consequently leading to EHRPs. Considering the link between low-frequency circulation and EHRPs, a low-frequency wave train index (LWTI) is defined and adopted to forecast EHRPs by using NCEP CFSv2 forecasting products. EHRPs are predicted to occur during peak phases of LWTI with value larger than 1 for three or more consecutive forecast days. Hindcast experiments for EHRPs in 2015–2016 indicate that EHRPs can be predicted 8–24 d in advance, with an average period of validity of 16.7 d. 相似文献
13.
Based on the measurements obtained at 64 national meteorological stations in the Beijing–Tianjin–Hebei (BTH) region between 1970 and 2013, the potential evapotranspiration (ET0) in this region was estimated using the Penman–Monteith equation and its sensitivity to maximum temperature (Tmax), minimum temperature (Tmin), wind speed (Vw), net radiation (Rn) and water vapor pressure (Pwv) was analyzed, respectively. The results are shown as follows. (1) The climatic elements in the BTH region underwent significant changes in the study period. Vw and Rn decreased significantly, whereas Tmin, Tmax and Pwv increased considerably. (2) In the BTH region, ET0 also exhibited a significant decreasing trend, and the sensitivity of ET0 to the climatic elements exhibited seasonal characteristics. Of all the climatic elements, ET0 was most sensitive to Pwv in the fall and winter and Rn in the spring and summer. On the annual scale, ET0 was most sensitive to Pwv, followed by Rn, Vw, Tmax and Tmin. In addition, the sensitivity coefficient of ET0 with respect to Pwv had a negative value for all the areas, indicating that increases in Pwv can prevent ET0 from increasing. (3) The sensitivity of ET0 to Tmin and Tmax was significantly lower than its sensitivity to other climatic elements. However, increases in temperature can lead to changes in Pwv and Rn. The temperature should be considered the key intrinsic climatic element that has caused the "evaporation paradox" phenomenon in the BTH region. 相似文献
14.
Storms that occur at the Bay of Bengal (BoB) are of a bimodal pattern, which is different from that of the other sea areas. By using the NCEP, SST and JTWC data, the causes of the bimodal pattern storm activity of the BoB are diagnosed and analyzed in this paper. The result shows that the seasonal variation of general atmosphere circulation in East Asia has a regulating and controlling impact on the BoB storm activity, and the “bimodal period” of the storm activity corresponds exactly to the seasonal conversion period of atmospheric circulation. The minor wind speed of shear spring and autumn contributed to the storm, which was a crucial factor for the generation and occurrence of the “bimodal pattern” storm activity in the BoB. The analysis on sea surface temperature (SST) shows that the SSTs of all the year around in the BoB area meet the conditions required for the generation of tropical cyclones (TCs). However, the SSTs in the central area of the bay are higher than that of the surrounding areas in spring and autumn, which facilitates the occurrence of a “two-peak” storm activity pattern. The genesis potential index (GPI) quantifies and reflects the environmental conditions for the generation of the BoB storms. For GPI, the intense low-level vortex disturbance in the troposphere and high-humidity atmosphere are the sufficient conditions for storms, while large maximum wind velocity of the ground vortex radius and small vertical wind shear are the necessary conditions of storms. 相似文献
15.
Yuepeng PAN Mengna GU Yuexin HE Dianming WU Chunyan LIU Linlin SONG Shili TIAN Xuemei Lü Yang SUN Tao SONG Wendell W. WALTERS Xuejun LIU Nicholas A. MARTIN Qianqian ZHANG Yunting FANG Valerio FERRACCI Yuesi WANG 《大气科学进展》2020,37(9):933-938
正While China’s Air Pollution Prevention and Control Action Plan on particulate matter since 2013 has reduced sulfate significantly, aerosol ammonium nitrate remains high in East China. As the high nitrate abundances are strongly linked with ammonia, reducing ammonia emissions is becoming increasingly important to improve the air quality of China. Although satellite data provide evidence of substantial increases in atmospheric ammonia concentrations over major agricultural regions, long-term surface observation of ammonia concentrations are sparse. In addition, there is still no consensus on 相似文献
16.
《大气和海洋科学快报》2013,(1):67
正AIMS AND SCOPE Atmospheric and Oceanic Science Letters (AOSL) publishes short research letters on all disciplines of the atmosphere sciences and physical oceanography. Contributions from all over the world are welcome.SUBMISSIONAll submitted 相似文献
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<正>With the support of specialized funds for national science institutions,the Guangzhou Institute of Tropical and Marine Meteorology,China Meteorological Administration set up in October 2008 an experiment base for marine meteorology and a number of observation systems for the coastal boundary layer,air-sea flux,marine environmental elements,and basic meteorological elements at Bohe town,Maoming city,Guangdong province,in the northern part of the South China Sea. 相似文献
19.
《大气和海洋科学快报》2014,7(6):F0003-F0003
AIMS AND SCOPE
Atmospheric and Oceanic Science Letters （AOSL） publishes short research letters on all disciplines of the atmosphere sciences and physical oceanography. Contributions from all over the world are welcome. 相似文献
Atmospheric and Oceanic Science Letters （AOSL） publishes short research letters on all disciplines of the atmosphere sciences and physical oceanography. Contributions from all over the world are welcome. 相似文献
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《大气和海洋科学快报》2014,(5):F0003-F0003
AIMS AND SCOPE Atmospheric and Oceanic Science Letters （AOSL） pub- lishes short research letters on all disciplines of the atmos- phere sciences and physical oceanography. Contributions from all over the world are welcome. 相似文献