共查询到19条相似文献，搜索用时 78 毫秒
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为更加系统有效地开展农作物产量预报工作，研制了《农作物产量预报模式管理咨询应用服务系统》可将各种类型的已建产量预报模式归纳入库，为用户提供咨询服务并自动实现预报结果输出。 相似文献
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作物产量预报是气象为农业服务的重要课题。及时、准确的作物产量预报,是国家有计划地安排国民经济所不可缺少的重要依据;对农业部门趋利避害夺取丰产稳产,也有十分重要的指导意义。本文利用百色地区气象局测报站的气象资料和百色县统计局提供的四塘公社历年早稻亩产资料采用调和权重产量趋势预报方法,建立单站作物产量预报模式的思路与途径。 一、农作物产量预报模式 的一般表达 根据国内外的有关研究,农作物产量预报模式一般可表达为: y=yt ym △y(1) 相似文献
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北半球500hPa高度场资料在产量预报中的应用 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
1前言80年代关于长期天气过程的研究成果揭示，大气环流存在着准半年回复现家（1），前期大气环流在很大程度上影响后期大范围的天气气候．这不仅证明了长期天气的可预告性，同时也使农作物气象产量在播种前得到有依据的预报成为可能。本文以遵义地L水稻产量年是预报为例，采用9点及15点滑动平均法，由北半球500hPa月平均同格点高度场求得的单元区高度值为因子建立回归预报模式，取得了很好的预报效果．水稻是遵义地区最主要粮食作物，对其产量作较精确的年是预报，对政府部门决策和计划有着重要意义．2产量资担处理水稻产量来自统计局公布… 相似文献
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王文平 《沙漠与绿洲气象(新疆气象)》1988,(10)
一、前言目前,常用的作物产量农业气象预报方法多为物理统计模式和经验统计模式等统计学方法.为克服统计学方法的不足,在此引用动态系统状态预报的一种新方法——多层递阶预报方法,试作春小麦产量的农业气象预报. 预报的基本思想是,将时变系统(产量序列)的状态预报分解为对时变参数的预报并在此基础上再对系统状态进行预报.即将春小麦产量的预报分解成对预报模型参数的预报并利 相似文献
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综合农作物产量预报、作物气象灾害评估、作物气候适宜度评估业务技术原理及预报员经验,按照农作物产量预报业务流程规范和需要,采用DELPH17.0+VB6.0二种语言综合开发,实现农作物产量气候影响与预报动态化、数据处理自动化.具有数据录入、产量分解、产量预测、灾损评估、气候适宜度、产品制作、系统管理七大功能模块,实用性强、推广价值高. 相似文献
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一、引言 目前农作物产量的统计预报一般都采用线性多元回归方法,业务实践证明,以这种经典回归统计方法作产量预测,效果常常不够稳定,特别是随外延预报年限的增加,误差会明显增大。其重要原因之一,是以固定参数的回归模型预报动态的时变系统,从而造成较大误差。针对这一问题,文献[1]提出了动态系统的多层递阶预报方法,即: 相似文献
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为了提高产量趋势预报的准确性和定量预报的准确率,利用1962—2002年气象、早稻产量和田间观测资料,建立基于气候适宜度、关键气象因子、作物生长模型的湖南省早稻产量动态预报方法,进行回代检验;并利用2003—2012年资料进行预报检验。分析表明:3种方法的预报准确率比较接近,平均在93.8%以上;基于气候适宜度预报方法的趋势预报准确性最高,较基于关键气象因子的预报方法高4%~6%;基于作物生长模型预报方法的误差5%以内样本百分率最高,较基于气候适宜度的预报方法高2%~20%。研究结果为湖南省早稻产量动态预报筛选出了较优的方法,即产量趋势预报选用基于气候适宜度的方法,定量预报选用基于作物生长模型的方法,同时可供我国其他早稻区的产量动态预报方法研究借鉴。 相似文献
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作物病虫害遥感监测与预测研究进展 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
作物病虫害作为严重的生物灾害已危及到世界农业生产和粮食安全,病虫害对我国粮食生产造成的损失日益加剧,植保部门目前使用的测报和防控方式无法满足大范围的精准、高效、绿色科学防控需求.因此,建立基于遥感手段的高效、无损的大面积病虫害监测预测方法,将提升我国大面积作物病虫害的监测和测报精度与防控水平,有利于减少农药施用,对保障国家粮食和食品安全,实现农业可持续发展具有重要战略意义.近年来出现的多种形式的作物病虫害遥感监测方法和技术手段为病虫害的有效防治和管理提供了重要支撑,通过对相关技术方法进行综述,本文从多尺度下的作物病虫害遥感监测与预测机理、监测方法、预测预报方法、典型模型与应用等方面阐述了作物病虫害遥感监测和预测预报研究进展,并探讨了作物病虫害遥感监测当前面临的挑战以及未来发展趋势,建议通过建立全国尺度的作物病虫害遥感监测预测系统,构建作物病虫害绿色智能防控体系,实现病虫害大面积、快速的监测、预测预报和精准、高效、绿色科学防控. 相似文献
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基于遥感信息的华北冬小麦区域生长模型及模拟研究 总被引：21，自引：1，他引：21
卫星遥感估产和作物生长模拟在作物监测和产量预测方面有各自不可替代的优势。但是,遥感估产难以揭示作物生长发育和产量形成的内在机理,作物模拟在区域应用时初始值的获取和参数的区域化遇到很多困难。如何利用二者的互补性使其相互结合受到人们关注。该文在Wofost模型本地化和区域化的基础上,首次利用同化法的思路探讨了MODIS遥感信息与华北冬小麦生长模拟模型结合的可行性和方法,初步建立了潜在生产水平(水分适宜条件)下区域遥感-作物模拟框架模型(WSPFRS模型)。模拟结果显示:WSPFRS模型对区域尺度的出苗期重新初始化后,模拟的开花期、成熟期空间分布的准确性比Wofost模拟结果有所改进;利用遥感信息对区域尺度上返青期生物量重新初始化后,模拟贮存器官干重的空间分布更接近实际单产的分布,贮存器官干重的高值区与实际高产区基本相符。该研究将为下一步实际水分供应条件下基于遥感信息的冬小麦区域生长模拟研究奠定了基础。 相似文献
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Pre-season prediction of regional rainfed wheat yield in Northern Greece with CERES-Wheat 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
T. Mavromatis 《Theoretical and Applied Climatology》2014,117(3-4):653-665
The present study aims at forecasting hard wheat (Triticum turgidum L. var. durum) yield in northern Greece, a season prior to harvest. It is based on (a) crop simulated, with CERES-Wheat indicators at four planting dates and (b) reported crop yields at two regional levels (three NUTS2 [Nomenclature of Units for Territorial Statistics] and 16 NUTS3 regions), for the years 1979–2006. Principal component analysis (PCA) was applied to explore major patterns of joint variability in 20 crop simulated agroclimatic indicators of the growing season before harvest. Stepwise regression and hindcast were employed for the selection of the modes identified by PCA as predictors in multivariate linear regression models used for forecasting yield a season ahead of harvest. Forecasting skill varied to a large extent by spatial scale and planting date. When the simulation results aggregated to the larger spatial level (NUTS2), the yield forecasting skill, in terms of R2, was rated as high (ranging from 0.48 to 0.73) in three out of four planting dates for Central Macedonia and in one planting (R 2?=?0.57) for Thrace. Harvest index, nitrogen leaching and related soil water crop simulated output of the previous season, were the most important predictors. No forecasting skill was found in the third NUTS2 region. The performance of the regression models substantially deteriorated at the higher resolution spatial level (NUTS3). In four regions only (including the one where CERES-Wheat was calibrated) yield forecasting skill was moderate (R 2?>?0.25). The results demonstrate the potential of this approach for regional crop yield forecasting before the beginning of the cropping season. However, crop model calibration is required before its application. 相似文献
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A. D. Kleshchenko T. A. Goncharova T. A. Naidina 《Russian Meteorology and Hydrology》2012,37(4):279-285
Considered is a possibility to use the satellite data in the dynamic models of crop yield forecasting. The interrelation between the surface and satellite data is established. It is demonstrated that the NDVI vegetation index of arable lands indicates rather well the seasonal variations of crop photosynthesis. Obtained is the equation of computing the leaf area index using the satellite data for grain crops. Presented are the results of the use of satellite information in the operating dynamic model of spring wheat yield forecast in Krasnodar krai. 相似文献
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Establishment of Winter Wheat Regional Simulation Model Based on Remote Sensing Data and Its Application 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1 
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下载免费PDF全文 MA Yuping WANG Shili ZHANG Li HOU Yingyu ZHUANG Liwei WANG Futang 《Acta Meteorologica Sinica》2006,20(4):447-458
Accurate crop growth monitoring and yield forecasting are significant to the food security and the sus- tainable development of agriculture.Crop yield estimation by remote sensing and crop growth simulation models have highly potential application in crop growth monitoring and yield forecasting.However,both of them have limitations in mechanism and regional application,respectively.Therefore,approach and methodology study on the combination of remote sensing data and crop growth simulation models are con- cerned by many researchers.In this paper,adjusted and regionalized WOFOST (World Food Study) in North China and Scattering by Arbitrarily Inclined Leaves-a model of leaf optical PROperties SPECTra (SAIL-PROSFPECT) were coupled through LAI to simulate Soil Adjusted Vegetation Index (SAVI) of crop canopy,by which crop model was re-initialized by minimizing differences between simulated and synthesized SAVI from remote sensing data using an optimization software (FSEOPT).Thus,a regional remote-sensing- crop-simulation-framework-model (WSPFRS) was established under potential production level (optimal soil water condition).The results were as follows:after re-initializing regional emergence date by using remote sensing data,anthesis,and maturity dates simulated by WSPFRS model were more close to measured values than simulated results of WOFOST;by re-initializing regional biomass weight at turn-green stage,the spa- tial distribution of simulated storage organ weight was more consistent with measured yields and the area with high values was nearly consistent with actual high yield area.This research is a basis for developing regional crop model in water stress production level based on remote sensing data. 相似文献
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A. D. Kleshchenko V. M. Lebedeva T. A. Goncharova T. A. Naidina N. M. Shklyaeva 《Russian Meteorology and Hydrology》2016,41(4):299-306
The methodological approach is proposed to the estimation of drought-related crop yield loss based on the dynamic statistical model of crop productivity forecasting. The obtained results agree well with the total actual crop yield loss. The approach under consideration is the first stage of creation of operational assessment of expected loss. 相似文献
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作物生长模拟模型在我国农业气象业务中的应用研究进展及思考 总被引：10，自引：1，他引：9
近年来我国农业气象科研和业务部门紧密结合,开展了作物生长模拟模型应用于农业气象业务的研究和应用试验工作.基于国外作物生长模拟模型的应用进展以及我国农业气象业务的现状,简要分析了农业气象业务中应用作物生长模拟模型的必要性和紧迫性.针对单点理论模型能否在业务中应用的疑惑,详细讨论了国外引进作物生长模型的本地化和单点理论模型在区域尺度上模拟应用等两个关键问题的重要性和技术方法.重点介绍了近年来我国气象系统农业气象科研和业务部门在推进作物生长模拟模型在农业气象业务应用方面所做的工作,即基于东北玉米、华北小麦和江南双季稻生长模型的气象条件影响评价和产量动态预测方法等.最后从改进完善作物生长模拟模型、探讨区域模拟应用技术及稳健推进业务应用和实施等方面分析了目前存在和出现的问题,以及可能的解决途径. 相似文献