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1.
利用Morlet小波变换方法分析了近56a来华东地区降水、气温变化以及ENSO的变化,结果表明,华东地区的降水、温度、海温(ΔSST)以及南方涛动指数(ΔSOI)的月距平序列中都存在多时间层次结构,并且各时间尺度周期分量的强度是不同的。同时又采用交叉小波变换方法,分别分析研究了ΔR、ΔT与ΔSST、ΔSOI相关关系,发现华东地区降水与ENSO在准2~4a周期变化上呈正相关关系,在年代际和8a以上年际间呈正负有规律交替且以正相关为主,而气温与ENSO存在多时间尺度特征。  相似文献   

2.
利用Morlet小波对时间序列进行连续小波变换,采用交叉小波变换方法,分析河南省近55年温度与北极涛动指数之间的关系.结果表明,河南温度距平以及北极涛动指数序列中都存在着不同时间尺度的周期分量,并且各周期分量的强度不同,同时研究了河南温度距平与北极涛动指数之间2~4、8、16以及20~40年周期尺度的相关振荡及各尺度上的时频特征.  相似文献   

3.
利用Marr小波变换和交叉小波变换,对河南省近50年气温、Nin。海区KSTA、南方涛动指数SOI月平均距平序列进行了时频特征分析。结果表明:河南气温距平(△T)、海面温度距平(△Tss)以及南方涛动指数距平(△Iso)序列中都存在着不同时间尺度的周期分量,并且各周期分量具有不同的强度;河南省气温变化与ENSO振荡过程之间也存在着多尺度联系。  相似文献   

4.
河南省气候变化与北极涛动的多时间尺度相关   总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2  
将交叉谱与小波变换方法相结合,采用交叉小波分析方法,分析了冬、夏季北极涛动指数距平(ΔIAO)、河南省降水距平(ΔR)和气温距平(ΔT)序列的时频结构及其联合统计特征,讨论了近55年来河南省气候变化与北极涛动之间的多时间尺度相关。结果表明:冬、夏季ΔIAO、ΔR和ΔT都存在准2年、4年、6~8年和11~22年左右的周期信号。冬季ΔR与ΔIAO之间的显著相关表现在准2年和14~22年尺度共振周期上,年代际尺度正相关振荡的凝聚性最强且为全时域分布;冬季ΔT与ΔIAO的显著正相关表现在2~4年和6~10年尺度共振周期上,时域中相关振荡存在局部化特征;年代际尺度上ΔR与ΔIAO的相关显著性高于ΔT与ΔIAO的相关而年际尺度上ΔT与ΔIAO的相关比ΔR与ΔIAO的相关更显著,表明冬季AO对河南省降水和气温变化的影响机制不同。夏季ΔR与ΔIAO之间的显著相关表现在准2年、4~6年、6~8年和16年左右尺度共振周期上,以6~8年尺度正相关振荡凝聚性最强;夏季ΔT与ΔIAO的相关显著性较低,仅在年际尺度周期上局部时域中有所表现;夏季AO主要通过影响东亚季风强度对河南省降水和气温变化产生间接影响。  相似文献   

5.
采用连续小波变换和交叉小波变换方法,分析了北极涛动指数和河南省月降水距平序列的时频变化特征,并讨论了近50多年来北极涛动对河南省降水的可能影响。结果表明,北极涛动指数和河南省降水距平序列中都存在着不同时间尺度的周期振荡,且时域中的分布特征和振荡强度也不尽相同;两者之间在6~8 a、12~16 a和25 a以上尺度的周期振荡呈正相关,而在9~11 a和16~24 a尺度上表现为负相关关系。  相似文献   

6.
北极涛动对河南省降水的可能影响   总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1  
采用连续小波变换和交叉小波变换方法,分析了北极涛动指数和河南省月降水距平序列的时频变化特征,并讨论了近50多年来北极涛动对河南省降水的可能影响.结果表明,北极涛动指数和河南省降水距平序列中都存在着不同时间尺度的周期振荡,且时域中的分布特征和振荡强度也不尽相同;两者之间在6~8 a、12~16 a和25 a以上尺度的周期振荡呈正相关,而在9~11 a和16~24 a尺度上表现为负相关关系.  相似文献   

7.
我国华东地区气候变化与副高指数的小波分析   总被引:7,自引:2,他引:5  
根据1951~2007年华东地区逐月平均气温和降水资料,在利用连续小波变换对华东地区的降水、气温与副高指数的时频变化特征进行分析的基础上,采用交叉小波变换方法分析了华东地区近57年的气候变化与副高之间的相关关系.结果表明,华东地区气候要素与副高指数距平序列都存在着不同时间尺度的周期分量,并且各周期分量的强度是不同的.其中以2~8年尺度的年际振荡较为明显,10年以上的年代际变化以1980年为突变点.  相似文献   

8.
冀州市1955-2009年降水变化特征分析   总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1  
利用1955--2009年月降水和年降水资料,采用墨西哥帽小波函数,对冀州55年来降水的季节变化和年际变化时间序列进行了小波分析,揭示了冀州降水变化的多时间尺度的复杂结构,分析了不同时间尺度下降水序列变化的周期和突变点,并通过分析小波方差确定一个时间序列中存在的主要周期成分。结果表明:四季、年的降水距平呈现出不同的周期变化;夏季降水距平的信号震荡特征与年降水距平的信号震荡特征比较相似;各季节和年降水均存在8~12a左右时间尺度的周期特征;其次,4~6a左右时间尺度的周期特征也较明显。  相似文献   

9.
近百年南宁降水小波分析   总被引:9,自引:0,他引:9  
对1908-2000年南宁近百年的年、季降水序列进行了分析和小波变换小算,结果表明:降水距平绝对值越大,相应的小波周期越长和波幅越强。即小波分析在气候变化研究中显现了年与年之间、波长与波长之间的小幅变化与特征,从而为了解降水随年代的变化展示了一个视窗。  相似文献   

10.
利用连续小波变换和交叉小波变换方法,分析了北极涛动指数和河南省近50多年来月平均气温距平序列的时频变化特征以及两者之间的关系。结果表明:河南省气温和北极涛动都存在着不同时间尺度的周期性变化,且各周期分量的强度不同。北极涛动指数具有2-4 a、8 a左右年际尺度和12-25 a、35 a以上年代际尺度的周期振荡;河南气温存在准2 a、4 a、6-8 a、10-20 a、28 a和35 a以上时间尺度的周期性变化。AO振荡过程影响河南省气温变化的时频结构,且主要表现在年代际时间尺度上。  相似文献   

11.
Using the International Comprehensive Ocean-Atmosphere Data Set(ICOADS) and ERA-Interim data, spatial distributions of air-sea temperature difference(ASTD) in the South China Sea(SCS) for the past 35 years are compared,and variations of spatial and temporal distributions of ASTD in this region are addressed using empirical orthogonal function decomposition and wavelet analysis methods. The results indicate that both ICOADS and ERA-Interim data can reflect actual distribution characteristics of ASTD in the SCS, but values of ASTD from the ERA-Interim data are smaller than those of the ICOADS data in the same region. In addition, the ASTD characteristics from the ERA-Interim data are not obvious inshore. A seesaw-type, north-south distribution of ASTD is dominant in the SCS; i.e., a positive peak in the south is associated with a negative peak in the north in November, and a negative peak in the south is accompanied by a positive peak in the north during April and May. Interannual ASTD variations in summer or autumn are decreasing. There is a seesaw-type distribution of ASTD between Beibu Bay and most of the SCS in summer, and the center of large values is in the Nansha Islands area in autumn. The ASTD in the SCS has a strong quasi-3a oscillation period in all seasons, and a quasi-11 a period in winter and spring. The ASTD is positively correlated with the Nio3.4 index in summer and autumn but negatively correlated in spring and winter.  相似文献   

12.
The spatial and temporal variations of daily maximum temperature(Tmax), daily minimum temperature(Tmin), daily maximum precipitation(Pmax) and daily maximum wind speed(WSmax) were examined in China using Mann-Kendall test and linear regression method. The results indicated that for China as a whole, Tmax, Tmin and Pmax had significant increasing trends at rates of 0.15℃ per decade, 0.45℃ per decade and 0.58 mm per decade,respectively, while WSmax had decreased significantly at 1.18 m·s~(-1) per decade during 1959—2014. In all regions of China, Tmin increased and WSmax decreased significantly. Spatially, Tmax increased significantly at most of the stations in South China(SC), northwestern North China(NC), northeastern Northeast China(NEC), eastern Northwest China(NWC) and eastern Southwest China(SWC), and the increasing trends were significant in NC, SC, NWC and SWC on the regional average. Tmin increased significantly at most of the stations in China, with notable increase in NEC, northern and southeastern NC and northwestern and eastern NWC. Pmax showed no significant trend at most of the stations in China, and on the regional average it decreased significantly in NC but increased in SC, NWC and the mid-lower Yangtze River valley(YR). WSmax decreased significantly at the vast majority of stations in China, with remarkable decrease in northern NC, northern and central YR, central and southern SC and in parts of central NEC and western NWC. With global climate change and rapidly economic development, China has become more vulnerable to climatic extremes and meteorological disasters, so more strategies of mitigation and/or adaptation of climatic extremes,such as environmentally-friendly and low-cost energy production systems and the enhancement of engineering defense measures are necessary for government and social publics.  相似文献   

13.
The moving-window correlation analysis was applied to investigate the relationship between autumn Indian Ocean Dipole (IOD) events and the synchronous autumn precipitation in Huaxi region, based on the daily precipitation, sea surface temperature (SST) and atmospheric circulation data from 1960 to 2012. The correlation curves of IOD and the early modulation of Huaxi region’s autumn precipitation indicated a mutational site appeared in the 1970s. During 1960 to 1979, when the IOD was in positive phase in autumn, the circulations changed from a “W” shape to an ”M” shape at 500 hPa in Asia middle-high latitude region. Cold flux got into the Sichuan province with Northwest flow, the positive anomaly of the water vapor flux transported from Western Pacific to Huaxi region strengthened, caused precipitation increase in east Huaxi region. During 1980 to 1999, when the IOD in autumn was positive phase, the atmospheric circulation presented a “W” shape at 500 hPa, the positive anomaly of the water vapor flux transported from Bay of Bengal to Huaxi region strengthened, caused precipitation ascend in west Huaxi region. In summary, the Indian Ocean changed from cold phase to warm phase since the 1970s, caused the instability of the inter-annual relationship between the IOD and the autumn rainfall in Huaxi region.  相似文献   

14.
正The Taal Volcano in Luzon is one of the most active and dangerous volcanoes of the Philippines. A recent eruption occurred on 12 January 2020(Fig. 1a), and this volcano is still active with the occurrence of volcanic earthquakes. The eruption has become a deep concern worldwide, not only for its damage on local society, but also for potential hazardous consequences on the Earth's climate and environment.  相似文献   

15.
Observed daily precipitation data from the National Meteorological Observatory in Hainan province and daily data from the National Centers for Environmental Prediction/National Center for Atmospheric Research (NCEP/NCAR) reanalysis-2 dataset from 1981 to 2014 are used to analyze the relationship between Hainan extreme heavy rainfall processes in autumn (referred to as EHRPs) and 10–30 d low-frequency circulation. Based on the key low-frequency signals and the NCEP Climate Forecast System Version 2 (CFSv2) model forecasting products, a dynamical-statistical method is established for the extended-range forecast of EHRPs. The results suggest that EHRPs have a close relationship with the 10–30 d low-frequency oscillation of 850 hPa zonal wind over Hainan Island and to its north, and that they basically occur during the trough phase of the low-frequency oscillation of zonal wind. The latitudinal propagation of the low-frequency wave train in the middle-high latitudes and the meridional propagation of the low-frequency wave train along the coast of East Asia contribute to the ‘north high (cold), south low (warm)’ pattern near Hainan Island, which results in the zonal wind over Hainan Island and to its north reaching its trough, consequently leading to EHRPs. Considering the link between low-frequency circulation and EHRPs, a low-frequency wave train index (LWTI) is defined and adopted to forecast EHRPs by using NCEP CFSv2 forecasting products. EHRPs are predicted to occur during peak phases of LWTI with value larger than 1 for three or more consecutive forecast days. Hindcast experiments for EHRPs in 2015–2016 indicate that EHRPs can be predicted 8–24 d in advance, with an average period of validity of 16.7 d.  相似文献   

16.
Based on the measurements obtained at 64 national meteorological stations in the Beijing–Tianjin–Hebei (BTH) region between 1970 and 2013, the potential evapotranspiration (ET0) in this region was estimated using the Penman–Monteith equation and its sensitivity to maximum temperature (Tmax), minimum temperature (Tmin), wind speed (Vw), net radiation (Rn) and water vapor pressure (Pwv) was analyzed, respectively. The results are shown as follows. (1) The climatic elements in the BTH region underwent significant changes in the study period. Vw and Rn decreased significantly, whereas Tmin, Tmax and Pwv increased considerably. (2) In the BTH region, ET0 also exhibited a significant decreasing trend, and the sensitivity of ET0 to the climatic elements exhibited seasonal characteristics. Of all the climatic elements, ET0 was most sensitive to Pwv in the fall and winter and Rn in the spring and summer. On the annual scale, ET0 was most sensitive to Pwv, followed by Rn, Vw, Tmax and Tmin. In addition, the sensitivity coefficient of ET0 with respect to Pwv had a negative value for all the areas, indicating that increases in Pwv can prevent ET0 from increasing. (3) The sensitivity of ET0 to Tmin and Tmax was significantly lower than its sensitivity to other climatic elements. However, increases in temperature can lead to changes in Pwv and Rn. The temperature should be considered the key intrinsic climatic element that has caused the "evaporation paradox" phenomenon in the BTH region.  相似文献   

17.
Storms that occur at the Bay of Bengal (BoB) are of a bimodal pattern, which is different from that of the other sea areas. By using the NCEP, SST and JTWC data, the causes of the bimodal pattern storm activity of the BoB are diagnosed and analyzed in this paper. The result shows that the seasonal variation of general atmosphere circulation in East Asia has a regulating and controlling impact on the BoB storm activity, and the “bimodal period” of the storm activity corresponds exactly to the seasonal conversion period of atmospheric circulation. The minor wind speed of shear spring and autumn contributed to the storm, which was a crucial factor for the generation and occurrence of the “bimodal pattern” storm activity in the BoB. The analysis on sea surface temperature (SST) shows that the SSTs of all the year around in the BoB area meet the conditions required for the generation of tropical cyclones (TCs). However, the SSTs in the central area of the bay are higher than that of the surrounding areas in spring and autumn, which facilitates the occurrence of a “two-peak” storm activity pattern. The genesis potential index (GPI) quantifies and reflects the environmental conditions for the generation of the BoB storms. For GPI, the intense low-level vortex disturbance in the troposphere and high-humidity atmosphere are the sufficient conditions for storms, while large maximum wind velocity of the ground vortex radius and small vertical wind shear are the necessary conditions of storms.  相似文献   

18.
Various features of the atmospheric environment affect the number of migratory insects, besides their initial population. However, little is known about the impact of atmospheric low-frequency oscillation(10 to 90 days) on insect migration. A case study was conducted to ascertain the influence of low-frequency atmospheric oscillation on the immigration of brown planthopper, Nilaparvata lugens(Stl), in Hunan and Jiangxi provinces. The results showed the following:(1) The number of immigrating N. lugens from April to June of 2007 through 2016 mainly exhibited a periodic oscillation of 10 to 20 days.(2) The 10-20 d low-frequency number of immigrating N. lugens was significantly correlated with a low-frequency wind field and a geopotential height field at 850 h Pa.(3) During the peak phase of immigration, southwest or south winds served as a driving force and carried N. lugens populations northward, and when in the back of the trough and the front of the ridge, the downward airflow created a favorable condition for N. lugens to land in the study area. In conclusion, the northward migration of N. lugens was influenced by a low-frequency atmospheric circulation based on the analysis of dynamics. This study was the first research connecting atmospheric low-frequency oscillation to insect migration.  相似文献   

19.
The atmospheric and oceanic conditions before the onset of EP El Ni?o and CP El Ni?o in nearly 30 years are compared and analyzed by using 850 hPa wind, 20℃ isotherm depth, sea surface temperature and the Wheeler and Hendon index. The results are as follows: In the western equatorial Pacific, the occurrence of the anomalously strong westerly winds of the EP El Ni?o is earlier than that of the CP El Ni?o. Its intensity is far stronger than that of the CP El Ni?o. Two months before the El Ni?o, the anomaly westerly winds of the EP El Ni?o have extended to the eastern Pacific region, while the westerly wind anomaly of the CP El Ni?o can only extend to the west of the dateline three months before the El Ni?o and later stay there. Unlike the EP El Ni?o, the CP El Ni?o is always associated with easterly wind anomaly in the eastern equatorial Pacific before its onset. The thermocline depth anomaly of the EP El Ni?o can significantly move eastward and deepen. In addition, we also find that the evolution of thermocline is ahead of the development of the sea surface temperature for the EP El Ni?o. The strong MJO activity of the EP El Ni?o in the western and central Pacific is earlier than that of the CP El Ni?o. Measured by the standard deviation of the zonal wind square, the intensity of MJO activity of the EP El Ni?o is significantly greater than that of the CP El Ni?o before the onset of El Ni?o.  相似文献   

20.
正While China’s Air Pollution Prevention and Control Action Plan on particulate matter since 2013 has reduced sulfate significantly, aerosol ammonium nitrate remains high in East China. As the high nitrate abundances are strongly linked with ammonia, reducing ammonia emissions is becoming increasingly important to improve the air quality of China. Although satellite data provide evidence of substantial increases in atmospheric ammonia concentrations over major agricultural regions, long-term surface observation of ammonia concentrations are sparse. In addition, there is still no consensus on  相似文献   

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