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1.
青海省东部大杜鹃的始绝鸣日期对气候变化的响应 总被引：4，自引：0，他引：4
选取青海省4个农业气象观测站的大杜鹃始、绝鸣物候期及气候资料,分析了物候期变化及其对气候变化的响应情况。结果表明: 青海地形复杂且各地气象条件不同,使得大杜鹃自然物候现象存在明显的地域性。在温度、日照和降水的共同影响下,除诺木洪始鸣期有不明显推迟趋势外,其他3站均有提早趋势;绝鸣期均有推迟的趋势;始、绝鸣期间隔日数均有延长的趋势。大杜鹃始、绝鸣期的变化与气候变暖的趋势有一定的对应关系,说明动物物候期对气候变暖能作出一定的响应。 相似文献
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基于青岛地区气候和动物物候观测资料,分析了气候和动物物候变化特征及两者之间的相关关系。1986—2016年青岛地区蚱蝉始鸣期表现为小幅波动变化,蟋蟀的始鸣期则呈先显著推迟后显著提前的变化趋势,青蛙和家燕的始鸣期均有显著推迟的趋势。以上4种动物的绝鸣期均显著提前,间隔期均明显缩短。受全球气候变暖的影响,青岛地区气温表现为显著增温趋势,日照时数和平均风速均呈显著减小趋势,而降水对气候变暖的响应较小。日照时数的减少对4种动物物候期的影响最大,有利于4种动物绝鸣期的提前和间隔期的缩短以及家燕始鸣期的推迟;蟋蟀和青蛙的物候期对气温有明显的响应,蚱蝉和家燕对气温的变化不敏感;风速的减小有利于蚱蝉、家燕绝鸣期的提前和间隔期的缩短,但却导致青蛙绝鸣期的推迟和间隔期的延长。多种气候因子共同作用决定了动物物候期的变化。除气候条件对动物物候期变化的影响之外,动物之间食物链的制约关系在一定程度上也对物候变化有影响。 相似文献
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气候变暖对呼和浩特地区自然物候的影响 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
分析了1982—2007年气候变暖对内蒙古呼和浩特、武川自然物候的影响,结果表明:①春季,土壤表层解冻呼和浩特晚于武川,其余物候呼和浩特早于武川;秋季物候均为武川早于呼和浩特。且两地物候间距均为"豆雁始(绝)见>气象水文物候期>植物始花(落叶)";两地植物物候间呈显著的正相关,豆雁始(绝)见呈显著负相关,气象水文物候期间相关不显著;②两地年、春、秋季平均气温呈增加趋势,植物物候春季提前,秋季延迟趋势显著,与气温有很强的响应关系;豆雁在呼和浩特始见提前,绝见延迟,武川与此相反,豆雁与气温有一定的响应关系;气象水文物候期也具有春季提前,秋季延迟的趋势,与气温相关不显著。 相似文献
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利用1963~1988年中国木本草本植物物候观测资料,运用趋势分析和相关分析方法,研究了26年中国20个物候站点植物始展叶期、始花期、始落叶(黄枯)期物候变化特征及其对降水变化的响应。结果表明:1963~1988年我国植物始展叶期、始花期、始落叶(黄枯)期均以推迟趋势为主;春季始展叶期、始花期,东北、华北以提前趋势为主,其他各区以推迟趋势为主;秋季始落叶(黄枯)期华北以提前趋势为主,其他各区以推迟趋势为主;1980年前后的物候期变化与1963~1988年的变化相同;春季物候期平均值差异多在-3~6天,秋季物候期平均值差异多在-10~10天;我国植物的始展叶期、始花期、始落叶(黄枯)期对于之前月份的累积降水量有不同程度的响应,物候期对该物候期前1月至前3月的累积降水量响应最为明显;我国春季物候期与降水量以正相关为主,秋季物候期与降水量则以负相关为主。 相似文献
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气候条件对候鸟物候期的影响 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
利用呼和浩特市武川县气象站（1961—2009年）气象观测资料及物候期观测资料（1982—2009年）,分析了该地区气候和两种候鸟物候期的趋势变化特征以及候鸟物候期对气候变化的响应关系。结果表明：（1）近49年来武川县年平均气温上升趋势极为明显,倾向率为0.46℃/10a;年平均风速呈极显著的下降趋势,总日照时数、年累积降水量的变化趋势不明显;（2）物候期变化趋势特征表现在家燕、豆雁的始见期推迟;绝见期均有显著提前;家燕、豆雁的始、绝见期间隔时间分别以16.2d/10a和18.7d/10a的速率极显著缩短;（3）家燕、豆雁的物候期变化敏感气候因子是5、6、7、8、9、10月和5—10月各时间段平均气温,其次是6、9月总日照时数。 相似文献
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桂北动物物候气候变暖响应 总被引：4，自引：1，他引：3
对桂北地区1989~2007年青蛙、蟋蟀始鸣和终鸣以及气温等气候要素1975~2007年同步观测资料的对比分析结果表明,近10年来桂北地区青蛙和蟋蟀始鸣日期呈提前趋势,终鸣日期稳定,始终鸣间隔期及生长繁殖季显著延长;桂林雁山近34年来年平均气温呈显著上升趋势,特别是1997年以来增温显著,在增温过程中以春季增温为主,冬季和秋季增温次之,夏季呈弱降温趋势;2~4月平均气温和3月平均最高气温是影响青蛙和蟋蟀始鸣期和始终鸣间隔期的主要气候生态因子;动物物候变化是动物对气候变暖的响应。 相似文献
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利用巴楚国家基本气候站1986-2010年的气象观测数据和地面物候观测资料,采用气候倾向率和气候趋势系数方法,分析气温、降水、日照时数的变化特征;木本植物选用新疆杨(Populus bolleanalanche),垂柳(Salix babylonica),杏树(Prunus armeniaca),苹果树(Malus pumila),沙枣树(Fdeagnys Qxycarpasehlecht),对植物物候期与气候变化的相互关系进行研究。研究表明：近25年来巴楚气候增暖现象较明显,增温率为0.18～0.95℃/10a,春、秋季变暖的趋势大于冬、夏季;降水量变化趋势不明显,整体呈现减少趋势,气候倾向率为-0.61 mm/10a,春、夏降水量呈减少趋势,冬、秋两季降水量均呈增多趋势;年日照时数呈减少趋势,气候倾向率为-30.34h/10a。除春季日照时数表现为增加趋势外,其他季节均表现为不同程度的减少趋势。其中,以冬季减幅最显著,平均减少-27.09h/10a。近25a来喀什木本植物芽开放期、展叶始期、开花始期表现为一致的提前趋势, 叶变色始期和落叶始期表现推迟的趋势;影响植物物候期的主要气候因子为气温和日照时数,随气温升高、日照时数增多,植物生长季延长。木本植物春季物候期与春季气温和春季日照时数呈负相关,且相关性显著,而与冬季气温和冬季日照时数几乎没有显著相关性。木本植物物候与秋季温度呈正相关,秋季气温升高,物候期推迟。在生产生活中,根据植物的物候期变化安排农、林业生产有重要的意义。 相似文献
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雁山楝树物候对气候变暖的响应 总被引：4，自引：3，他引：1
对桂北地区雁山气温等气候要素与楝树5个物候期的多年同步观测资料的对比分析,结果表明:(1)桂林雁山近34a来年平均气温呈显著上升趋势,特别是1997年以来增温特明显,在增温过程中以春季增温为主,冬季和秋季增温次之,夏季呈弱降温趋势;(2)近10a来雁山楝树展叶盛期、开花盛期表现为一致的提前趋势,叶全变色期和落叶始期表现推迟的趋势,整个绿叶期延长,果成熟期表现推迟;(3)2月平均气温(T2)和1～3月均温(T1-3)是影响楝树展叶盛期、开花盛期的主要气候因子;(4)楝树物候变化是植物对气候变暖的响应。 相似文献
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利用统计方法分析了1965-2007年石家庄春季物候特征,研究了春季物候期与日平均气温稳定通过指示温度日期之间的关系,探讨了气候变暖对石家庄春季物候的影响。结果表明：石家庄春季物候期呈提前趋势;物候期与日平均气温稳定通过指示温度日期的关系是正相关,即日平均气温稳定通过指示温度的日期提早,则物候期提前,反之则物候期推迟;早春、仲春物候与2-4月气温相关性最大,晚春物候与春季气温相关性最大,春季物候对温度的响应不同;春季物候发生转折的时期与气温突变（或转折）的时期同步或紧随其后;春季物候异常偏晚年主要分布在20世纪90年代之前,异常偏早年主要分布在90年代之后,物候异常偏早年通常是气候异常偏暖年,物候异常偏晚年不一定是气候异常偏冷年,但通常是气候异常度为负值的年份。 相似文献
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Distinct climate changes since the end of the 1980 s have led to clear responses in crop phenology in many parts of the world. This study investigated the trends in the dates of spring wheat phenology in relation to mean temperature for different growth stages. It also analyzed the impacts of climate change, cultivar shift, and sowing date adjustments on phenological events/phases of spring wheat in northern China(NC).The results showed that significant changes have occurred in spring wheat phenology in NC due to climate warming in the past 30 years. Specifically, the dates of anthesis and maturity of spring wheat advanced on average by 1.8 and 1.7 day(10 yr)~(-1). Moreover, while the vegetative growth period(VGP) shortened at most stations, the reproductive growth period(RGP) prolonged slightly at half of the investigated stations. As a result, the whole growth period(WGP) of spring wheat shortened at most stations. The findings from the Agricultural Production Systems Simulator(APSIM)-Wheat model simulated results for six representative stations further suggested that temperature rise generally shortened the spring wheat growth period in NC.Although the warming trend shortened the lengths of VGP, RGP, and WGP, the shift of new cultivars with high accumulated temperature requirements, to some extent, mitigated and adapted to the ongoing climate change. Furthermore, shifts in sowing date exerted significant impacts on the phenology of spring wheat.Generally, an advanced sowing date was able to lower the rise in mean temperature during the different growth stages(i.e., VGP, RGP, and WGP) of spring wheat. As a result, the lengths of the growth stages should be prolonged. Both measures(cultivar shift and sowing date adjustments) could be vital adaptation strategies of spring wheat to a warming climate, with potentially beneficial effects in terms of productivity. 相似文献
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Combined impact of climate change,cultivar shift,and sowing date on spring wheat phenology in Northern China 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
Distinct climate changes since the end of the 1980s have led to clear responses in crop phenology in many parts of the world. This study investigated the trends in the dates of spring wheat phenology in relation to mean temperature for different growth stages. It also analyzed the impacts of climate change, cultivar shift, and sowing date adjustments on phenological events/phases of spring wheat in northern China (NC). The results showed that significant changes have occurred in spring wheat phenology in NC due to climate warming in the past 30 years. Specifically, the dates of anthesis and maturity of spring wheat advanced on average by 1.8 and 1.7 day (10 yr)?1. Moreover, while the vegetative growth period (VGP) shortened at most stations, the reproductive growth period (RGP) prolonged slightly at half of the investigated stations. As a result, the whole growth period (WGP) of spring wheat shortened at most stations. The findings from the Agricultural Production Systems Simulator (APSIM)-Wheat model simulated results for six representative stations further suggested that temperature rise generally shortened the spring wheat growth period in NC. Although the warming trend shortened the lengths of VGP, RGP, and WGP, the shift of new cultivars with high accumulated temperature requirements, to some extent, mitigated and adapted to the ongoing climate change. Furthermore, shifts in sowing date exerted significant impacts on the phenology of spring wheat. Generally, an advanced sowing date was able to lower the rise in mean temperature during the different growth stages (i.e., VGP, RGP, and WGP) of spring wheat. As a result, the lengths of the growth stages should be prolonged. Both measures (cultivar shift and sowing date adjustments) could be vital adaptation strategies of spring wheat to a warming climate, with potentially beneficial effects in terms of productivity. 相似文献
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新疆玛纳斯河流域50年来气候变化及其对木本植物物候期的影响 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
以中亚典型冰川融化区新疆玛纳斯河流域为例,分析了50年来气候变化趋势及周期性波动规律,并阐明当地主要木本植物物候变化及对气候变化的响应.研究结果表明:玛纳斯河流域气候总体趋向于暖湿方向的发展,其中非作物生长季的增温幅度较大,而作物生长季降水量的增加幅度较大.气温与降水的周期震荡存在较大差异,但均在10年尺度下表现为频繁的偏高期和偏低期的循环交替,反映出短期气候变化的复杂性和无常性.箭杆杨、柳树、新疆杨和榆树4种主要木本植物的落叶末期和生长季变化的倾向率均为正值,说明物候现象均有不同程度提早发生的趋势.气温、降水和日照时数的变化趋势与4种木本植物的物候期的变化趋势在一定程度上存在着一致性,同时建立了木本植物物候期和气候因子之间的最优回归方程. 相似文献
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Rainfall and rainy days trend in Iran 总被引：3，自引：0，他引：3
In this study, long-term annual and monthly trends in rainfall amount, number of rainy days and maximum precipitation in 24?h are investigated based on the data collected at 33 synoptic stations in Iran. The statistical significance of trend and climate variability is assessed by the Mann-Kendall test. The Linear trend analysis and the Mann-Kendall test indicate that there are no significant linear trends in monthly rainfall at most of the synoptic stations in Iran. However, the maximum number of stations with negative trends have been observed in April (29 station), and then in May (21 stations) and February (21 stations) and with positive trends in December (26 stations) and July (24 stations). The significant linear trends, with a significant level of 0.05, in annual rainfall have been noticed only at five stations. The monthly number of rainy days does not show any significant linear trend for most areas in Iran. The maximum number of stations with monthly negative trends in rainy days has also been observed in April with the minimum in December. In April, out of 24 stations with negative trends, 12 stations have a significant negative trend. Contrary to that, in October there is no significant linear trend. Most stations have positive trends in annual number of rainy days. Also, the monthly maximum precipitation in 24?h does not show any significant linear trend for most areas in Iran. The maximum number of stations with monthly negative trends in maximum precipitation has also been observed in February with the minimum in December. In spite of that, there are almost no significant precipitation variations in Iran during the last 50-odd years, the tendency of decreasing rainfall amount in April and increasing rainfall amount in December and July could indicate an eventual climate change in this area in the future. 相似文献
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Spring Phenophases in Recent Decades Over Eastern China and Its Possible Link to Climate Changes 总被引：7，自引：0，他引：7
In light of the observed climate changes in recent decades over eastern China, we studied the changes in spring phenophases of woody plants observed at 16-stations during 1963–1996, and explored the possible link between the spring phenophases changes and climate changes before the phenophase onset. It is found that, in the region north of 33∘N (including Northeast, North China and the lower reaches of the Huaihe River), the phenophase advanced 1.1–4.3 days per decade for early spring and 1.4–5.4 days per decade for late spring, but in the eastern part of the southwest China it was dealyed by 2.9–6.9 days per decade in early spring and 2.4–6.2 days per decade in late spring. One outstanding feature is identified in Guangzhou in south China, where significant advance of 7.5 days per decade in early spring and delay of 4.6 days per decade in late spring were detected. Statistically siginficant correlation was found between the changes of spring phenophase and the temperatures of one or several months before the phenophase onset. The relationship between the trend of phenophase change and temperature change was highly non-linear (more sensitivity to cooling than to warming) and reached an asymptote 0.5∘C per decade, which may have implication in the responses of the ecosystem in a future global warming scenario. In addition, we also examined the link between the spring phenophase, and length and mean temperature of the growing season, and the analyses suggested that they were highly correlated as well. 相似文献
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本文基于内蒙古农牧业气象观测站1994—2015年旱柳、榆树和小叶杨三种木本植物物候观测资料及同期气候数据,采用线性倾向估计、Pearson相关系数等方法,探讨了气候变化对阴山北麓木本植物物候的影响。结果表明：近22 a,阴山北麓旱柳、榆树和小叶杨的花芽开放期和落叶末期均表现为提前趋势,且落叶末期提前幅度较大,平均每10 a分别提前2.9 d、3.6 d、4.6 d。生长季缩短,平均生长季长度为182 d。气温是影响旱柳、榆树、小叶杨春季花芽开放期的关键气象因子,春季气温每升高1℃,花芽开放期提前4.1 d;而落叶末期对降水量较为敏感,水分条件是阴山北麓木本植物落叶末期的主要限制因子。 相似文献