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黑龙江省春防期森林高火险日数多少直接影响着黑龙江省春防期森林火险等级的高低。着重从黑龙江省春防期高火险日数偏多偏少年北半球500hPa环流场同期、前期异常及对影响气候趋势变化特征量的物理因子分析，通过相关计算,找出了影响黑龙江省春防期森林高火险日数环流特征量物理因子的前期变化，对黑龙江省春防期高火险日数进行预测进而作出黑龙江省春防期森林防火期趋势预测。 相似文献
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2001年北半球大气环流特征及其对中国气候异常的影响 总被引：3，自引：0，他引：3
2001年受前期赤道东太平洋海温长期冷水位相的影响，北半球大气环流的主要特征表现为：500hPa西太平洋副热带高压冬春季偏强，夏季秋偏弱；欧亚地区夏季500hPa位势高度距平场上中高纬从西到东呈现为“－＋－”分布形式，贝加尔湖地区为正距平中心；东亚冬、夏季风偏弱；7月赤道辐合带异常偏强、偏北等。在上述大气环流的影响下，我国的天气气候发生了异常。 相似文献
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2005年北半球大气环流特征及其对中国气候异常的影响 总被引：3，自引：0，他引：3
2005年北半球主要环流特征为，500hPa西太平洋副热带高压较常年明显偏强，位置总体偏西偏北，春季副高位置异常偏西；东亚地区夏季500hPa位势高度距平场上大部地区为正距平分布，贝加尔湖南部为正距平中心。亚洲中纬度经、纬向环流交替出现，冬季经向环流异常发展，造成我国东部地区气温异常偏低；夏李纬向环流发展，同时东亚夏季风偏强，汛期主要雨带位置位于淮河流域。冬、春李热带对流活动减弱，入夏以后迅速加强，台风活动活跃。热带海洋为暖水位相。在海洋和大气环流的共同影响下我国天气气候发生了明显异常。 相似文献
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应用1961—2015年春季北疆地区52个气象站的沙尘暴资料,分析了其时空分布和沙尘暴极多与极少年的环流场特征。结果表明:春季沙尘暴极多年欧亚500 hPa高度距平场上,在北疆东西两侧分别是气旋性和反气旋性距平环流,东亚大槽弱,贝加尔湖附近脊减弱,乌拉尔山东部槽减弱,脊加强,而500 hPa和850 hPa风场距平场上,北疆上游都有反气旋性距平气流,东部都有气旋性距平气流加强,高纬冷空气易入侵,同时北疆是气流辐合区;700 hPa湿度距平场上影响北疆湿度较大的本地和周边地区湿度距平场都为负,负值中心有2个,分别位于北疆精河和吉尔吉斯至阿克苏之间,北疆水汽较多年平均偏少0.1 g/kg,欧洲与亚洲北部基本为正,中心在红海北部,对北疆湿度影响较小。春季沙尘暴极少年500 hPa高度距平场中亚到新疆的高压脊不强,东亚槽偏弱,贝加尔湖附近脊增强,而500 hPa和850 hPa风场距平场上,北疆以北都有反气旋和气旋距平气流加强,高纬冷空气不易进入北疆,北疆是气流辐散区。春季欧亚700 hPa湿度距平场基本为正,湿度正距平大值区在北疆及周边,北疆和周边的湿度比多年平均高1~2 g/kg。 相似文献
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ENSO 年冬季北半球平流层大气环流异常特征分析 总被引：9，自引：8，他引：1
利用1957-2002年欧洲中心的再分析资料和Hadley气候预测和研究中心的全球海表温度资料,对ENSO年冬季的平流层环流进行了合成分析,分别从暖事件和冷事件年的温度场、高度场和风场,分析研究了平流层大气环流的异常特征.分析结果表明,对应El Ni(n)o年冬季,在赤道东太平洋的温度场、高度场和纬向风场都有由大气低层的正距平转变为平流层负距平的特征;与之相反,在El Ni(n)a年冬季,赤道东太平洋大气低层的负距平到了高层变为正距平.同时,在纬向平均垂直剖面图中, El Ni(n)o年冬季北半球高纬地区从对流层顶到平流层温度场和高度场为正距平,而La Ni(n)na年出现相反的情况.在热带平流层,El Ni(n)o年冬季高空纬向风场在50 hPa到15 hPa左右为负距平,从15 hPa到1 hPa为正距平;而El Ni(n)a年则相反.在El Ni(n)o年冬季100 hPa以上的北半球高纬度地区存在一个类偶极子结构的异常高度场和风场,El Ni(n)o年在极区主要为正距平,El Ni(n)a年在极区主要为负距平. 相似文献
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任宜勇 《沙漠与绿洲气象(新疆气象)》1993,(5)
在北半球500hPa月平均高度图上,极涡中心分别位于格陵兰和泰半尔半岛,比常年偏强,12月北半球极涡指数己连续3年保持较高的负距平。中纬度为咬波型,但趋于纬向环流,正距平的区域较广。 相似文献
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利用NCAR/NCEP月平均再分析资料,探讨夏季西太平洋副热带高压异常时东亚热带季风、梅雨锋及中高纬环流的变化特征.研究表明:夏季西太平洋副热带高压脊线异常偏南或脊点异常偏西时,东亚夏季风环流偏弱,850 hPa矢量风距平场上东亚热带地区出现反气旋性环流,副热带地区呈气旋性环流,500 hPa垂直速度距平场上东亚热带地区上升运动减弱,梅雨锋区上升运动加强,500 hPa高度上东亚高纬鄂霍次克海区域出现阻塞高压,高纬冷空气直达中纬度,梅雨锋扰动加强,造成江淮流域汛期降水偏多.夏季西太平洋副热带高压脊线异常偏北或脊点异常偏东时,东亚夏季风环流偏强,东亚大气环流系统的活动出现了与上述情况相反的异常型,江淮流域汛期降水偏少. 相似文献
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北半球大气环流异常与广西夏季高温天气 总被引：1，自引：5，他引：1
利用1951~2003年北半球500 hPa月平均高度场资料,对广西多高温年份和少高温年份的大尺度环流场进行对比分析,发现多高温年和少高温年500 hPa位势高度距平场差异明显,主要表现在:北太平洋阿留申群岛到副热带地区在冬春季和前汛期都呈现相反的南北距平分布结构;盛夏,多高温年在乌拉尔山至贝加尔湖地区及孟加拉湾至我国西南地区是正距平区,而少高温年在上述地区为负距平中心。典型相关分析表明,7~8月500 hPa高度场与前期1月、4~6月的高度场有密切的联系,高空槽脊的强弱分布及西太平洋副高等大尺度天气系统的变化本身具有一定的内相关,从而揭示了高温天气形成的大尺度环流变化的一些事实。 相似文献
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我局从1999～2003年,测报工作连续4年未出现错情,在此期间共有1个250个班,9个百班无错通过上级业务部门验收.在仪器保管、使用、维护上符合要求,对外报送的各种表、簿都能做好出门合格. 相似文献
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Summary Considering the effects of causal mechanics on geophysical problems enables us to explain a number of phenomena, which cannot
be explained from conventional positions. This paper shows that the introduction of the force of causality in a simple barotropic
hydrodynamic model of weather forecasts results in the outcomes, which, on the one hand, can not be described from the positions
of classical hydro-thermodynamics, whilst on the other hand, exist in nature. 相似文献
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A. A. Lavrova E. S. Glebova I. V. Trosnikov V. D. Kaznacheeva 《Russian Meteorology and Hydrology》2010,35(6):363-370
Due to the complex orography and the presence of the moisture-saturated air, the Mediterranean region is characterized by
the increased baroclinic and convective instability, that leads to the sudden cyclogenesis and the formation of dangerous
weather phenomena. The results are given of the investigation of formation mechanisms of Mediterranean cyclones, peculiarities
of stages of their evolution and dynamical processes, which occur throughout the atmosphere, using the regional numerical
ETA model of the atmosphere by the example of individual cases of the cyclogenesis over the Mediterranean Sea. It is revealed
that the cold Arctic air outbreak (the intrusion of the cold Arctic air) to the south of the Western Europe, leading to the
formation of the areas of the baroclinic instability and the increased moisture content of the air in the area of the vortex
origin, favors the cyclogenesis. The use of the vertical coordinate η in the model enabled to compute more precisely the vertical
wind speed, therefore, the influence of the orography on the moisture content and precipitation increase became pronounced.
The transformation of the structure of meteorological fields in the course of the development of vortexes is considered. The
computation of the helicity is made, and it is shown that this characteristic can be one of the earliest predictors of cyclogenesis. 相似文献
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流场配置及地形对西南低涡形成的动力作用 总被引：10，自引：8，他引：10
本文采用定常二层模式讨论较小地形及高、低层流场配置对西南低涡形成的动力作用。指出了西南低涡的形成是与盆地、河谷以及其上气流分层有关的一种定常态.在上、下为西风分层时期,低层的浅薄暖湿西风有利于西南低涡的形成.在上、下为东、西风分层时期,上层浅薄东风亦有利于西南低涡的形成.小型的凸起山脉对西南低涡的形成没有作用. 相似文献
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Chunguang CUI Wen ZHOU Hao YANG Xiaokang WANG Yi DENG Xiaofang WANG Guirong XU Jingyu WANG 《大气科学进展》2023,40(4):711-724
Here, we analyze the characteristics and the formation mechanisms of low-level jets(LLJs) in the middle reaches of the Yangtze River during the 2010 mei-yu season using Wuhan station radiosonde data and the fifth generation of the European Centre for Medium-Range Weather Forecasts(ERA5) reanalysis dataset. Our results show that the vertical structure of LLJs is characterized by a predominance of boundary layer jets(BLJs) concentrated at heights of 900–1200 m.The BLJs occur most frequently at 230... 相似文献
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1引言我国执行接地降阻剂测试的技术标准是全国电力系统起草的:“接地降阻剂暂行技术条件修改稿”。在技术要求中要求接地降阻剂的酸碱值应在7￣12范围内。在实际使用中发现该技术要求对接地降阻剂的酸碱值要求范围并不合理,需要分析和讨论。2接地降阻剂的PH值接地降阻剂的酸碱性对地网的使用寿命至关重要,为了不让接地降阻剂腐蚀接地体或者减弱接地降阻剂对接地体的腐蚀,在接地降阻剂测试的技术要求中,对接地降阻剂的酸碱度有一定的限制。国内各厂家用于生产接地降阻剂的偏弱酸的盐类进行了对镀锌钢材腐蚀的试验,结果是这些镀锌钢材均受到… 相似文献
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On the determination of the height of the Ekman boundary layer 总被引：1，自引：1，他引：1
S. S. Zilitinkevich 《Boundary-Layer Meteorology》1972,3(2):141-145
The heighth
of the Ekman turbulent boundary layer determined by the momentum flux profile is estimated with the aid of considerations of similarity and an analysis of the dynamic equations. Asymptotic formulae have been obtained showing that, with increasing instability,h
increases as ¦¦1/2 (where is the non-dimensional stratification parameter); with increasing stability, on the other hand,h decreases as –1/2. For comparison, a simple estimate of the boundary-layer heighth
u
determined by the velocity profile is given. As is shown, in unstable stratification,h
u
behaves asymptotically as ¦¦–1, i.e., in a manner entirely different from that ofh
. 相似文献
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文章选用阴山山脉山北乌拉特后旗、白云、达茂旗、苏尼特左旗、化德,山南杭后旗、包头、呼和浩特、察右前旗、兴和1971—2000年气温、降水量、天气现象等资料进行对比分析,得到阴山山脉对内蒙古自治区中部地区气象要素影响初步结论。 相似文献
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The impact of high resolution modern vegetation cover on the West African climate is examined using the International Centre for Theoretical Physics Regional Climate Model implementing the NCAR Community Land Model. Two high resolution 25 km long-term simulations driven by the output from a coarser 50-km resolution simulation are performed for the period 1998–2010. One high resolution simulation uses an earlier and coarser-resolution version of plant functional type distribution and leaf area index, while the other uses a more recent, higher-quality, and finer-resolution version of the data. The results indicate that the new land cover distribution substantially alters the distribution of temperature with warming in Central Nigeria, northern Gulf of Guinea and part of the Sahel due to the replacement of C4 grass with corn; and cooling along the coastlines of the Gulf of Guinea and in Central Africa due to the replacement of C4 grass with tropical broadleaf evergreen trees. Changes in latent heat flux appear to be largely responsible for these temperature changes with a net decrease (increase) in regions of warming (cooling). The improved land cover distribution also results in a wetter monsoon season. The presence of corn tends to favor larger precipitation amounts via more intense events, while the presence of tropical broadleaf evergreen trees tends to favor the occurrence of both more intense and more frequent events. The wetter conditions appear to be sustained via (1) an enhanced soil moisture feedback; and (2) elevated moisture transport due to increased low-level convergence in regions south of 10N where the most substantial land cover differences are present. Overall the changes induced by the improved vegetation cover improve, to some extent, the performance of the high resolution regional climate model in simulating the main West African summer monsoon features. 相似文献