共查询到19条相似文献，搜索用时 171 毫秒
1.
FY-3卫星上搭载的紫外臭氧总量探测仪(Total Ozone Unit,TOU)是我国首台自主研制的用于全球臭氧总量监测的仪器,自2008年5月至今已有3台仪器搭载在气象卫星(FY-3A/FY-3B/FY-3C)上成功发射并在轨运行。TOU利用紫外波段进行臭氧总量反演,以获得全球臭氧的分布及其变化。2013年,针对我国灰霾、沙尘等气溶胶污染事件频发的环境问题,TOU紫外探测数据被成功用于吸收性气溶胶指数(AAI)的反演,之后TOU被用于我国吸收性气溶胶污染事件的监测,为沙尘、灰霾等的预报提供监测数据。对TOU的数据和产品的质量和应用进行了介绍,包括L1B数据、臭氧总量产品及AAI指数。在此基础上,根据现有仪器的不足,对后续仪器的发展方向进行了阐述。 相似文献
2.
3.
位势涡度（ＰＶ）可近似当作随极涡移动的坐标，进而对由Ｎｉｍｂｕｓ７号臭氧总量测绘分光仪（ＴＯＭＳ）测量的全球臭氧数据进行分析。分析时段是在皮纳图博火山爆发以前，即由１９７８年１１月到１９９１年３月。ＴＯＭＳ资料重新用ＰＶ坐标作图，并计算多种变化趋势，由此可以表示冬季极涡内部和外围臭氧亏损的特点。这些分析结果显示出，无论在哪一半球极涡外围都有很大的臭氧亏损地区。再者，这些材料表明，北半球中纬度冬春季 相似文献
4.
基于WACCM+DART的临近空间SABER和MLS臭氧观测同化试验研究 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
本研究在WACCM+DART（Whole Atmosphere Community Climate Model,Data Assimilation Research Test-Bed）临近空间资料同化预报系统中加入SABER（Sounding of the Atmosphere using Broadband Emission Radiometry）和MLS（Microwave Limb Sounder）臭氧观测同化接口,并以2016年2月一次平流层爆发性增温（SSW）过程为模拟个例进行了SABER和MLS臭氧观测同化试验,得出以下结论:同化SABER和MLS臭氧体积浓度观测得出的WACCM+DART臭氧分析场能够较真实反映SSW期间北极上空平流层臭氧廓线随时间的演变特征,且与ERA5（Fifth Generation of ECMWF Reanalyses）再分析资料描述的臭氧变化特征具有很好的一致性;基于SABER和MLS臭氧观测的WACCM臭氧6 h预报检验表明同化臭氧观测对臭氧分析和预报误差的改善效果主要体现在南半球高纬平流层和北半球中高纬平流层中上层-中间层底部;基于ERA5再分析资料的WACCM+DART分析场检验表明同化SABER和MLS臭氧体积浓度资料可在提高北半球高纬地区上平流层-中间层底部臭氧场分析质量的同时减小该地区上平流层-中间层底部温度场和中间层底部纬向风场的分析误差;基于MLS臭氧资料的臭氧中期预报检验表明相对控制试验同化SABER和MLS臭氧体积浓度资料能更好改善0~5 d下平流层和中间层底部臭氧的预报效果。 相似文献
5.
云对中国区域卫星观测臭氧总量精度影响的检验分析 总被引：5，自引：0，他引：5
根据卫星和地基观测, 比较了我国香河、 昆明、 瓦里关和龙凤山四个站点臭氧总量自1979年以来的变化。卫星与地基观测的臭氧总量长期趋势比较一致, 表明臭氧总量均有下降趋势, 但是卫星与地基各自观测的结果仍存在着显著的差别。为研究卫星与地基臭氧总量的差别, 以地基观测臭氧总量为参考, 检验云对历史TOMS (Total Ozone Mapping Spectrometer) 和GOME (Global Ozone Monitoring Experiment) 臭氧总量精度的影响。结果显示: 云 (云量或云顶高度) 增加了卫星臭氧总量误差, 降低数据精度。随着地面云量的增加, TOMS、 GOME臭氧总量相对误差在上述四个地点呈现明显的上升趋势 (瓦里关最为明显), 但最大变化幅度没有超过2.0%。TOMS臭氧总量相对误差随地面云量变化呈现区域性特点, 香河与龙凤山 (代表着中纬度高臭氧总量区域)、 昆明与瓦里关 (代表中、 低纬度高原低臭氧总量区域) 分别为两个变化特点接近的区域。GOME臭氧总量相对误差与云之间关系的区域特征不明显。利用卫星遥测FRESCO (Fast Retrieval Scheme for Clouds from the Oxygen A\|band) 云信息检验GOME卫星臭氧总量精度的表明, 只有当云量大于5成后GOME臭氧总量才显示出相对误差增加的现象, 但无明显趋势; 随着FRESCO云顶高度的增加, GOME臭氧相对误差在香河、 瓦里关均呈现明显的上升趋势并有3%左右幅度的变化。TOMS臭氧总量相对误差随着地面有效反射率的增加而增大, 且误差幅度超过2%; TOMS\|N7臭氧总量比TOMS\|EP约高2.0%~3.0%。分析还表明, 云内和云以下臭氧柱浓度在反演的卫星臭氧总量中的贡献很可能被高估了。 相似文献
6.
《气象研究与应用》2021,42(2)
通过FY-3B TOU与Aura OMI卫星臭氧总量产品的比对分析,检验FY-3B TOU臭氧总量产品的适用性。结果显示,两者的相对偏差(RD)在赤道、南北半球中纬度大部分地区为2%～4%,而在南北极区扩到4%～6%和8%～10%,从赤道到两极RD随纬度升高而增大;除南北极区外,其余地区RD月平均值均呈现出明显的季节变化特征,尤其南半球中纬度地区的季节特征更为显著;赤道地区RD值随卫星臭氧总量的变化波动较小,基本稳定在0.1%～2.9%,其余地区仅卫星臭氧总量在230～500DU之间时,RD才出现相对稳定的波动,可见除赤道地区外RD在不同区域对卫星臭氧总量值有一定程度的依赖性;南北极区太阳天顶角(SZA)在45°～65°期间,RD随SZA增大均呈正的下降趋势,在70°～80°之间均呈现小幅度的回升,总体来看,TOU臭氧总量RD值受SZA变化情况并不明显。 相似文献
7.
利用NCEP 1°×1°再分析资料、常规观测资料以及汛期西南涡加密观测资料,分析了2012年7月7~10日由西南涡引发的四川暴雨天气过程。结果表明:结合加密观测资料能更好表现四川盆地复杂地形下低涡附近的水汽来源及其与实际降雨的关系,由于地形阻挡作用,气流在大巴山以南堆积,引发了四川、陕西交界处的暴雨。运用西南区域数值预报系统(SWCWARMS),与控制试验(不同化观测资料)相比,同化试验(同化西南涡加密观测资料)可使预报降雨与实况更为接近。通过同化加密观测资料,初始时刻四川北部出现了偏南气流,这有利于西南涡的初生,对比试验中的西南涡范围与强度也比控制试验更大更强,并且,试验验证了盆地东北部的水汽堆积现象。因此,西南涡加密观测资料在天气诊断及数值预报业务应用中都具有重要作用。 相似文献
8.
为检验臭氧卫星资料同化对臭氧分析场和预报场的影响,基于集合平方根滤波(ENSRF)理论,结合通用地球系统模式(CESM),构建了CESM-ENSRF同化预报系统。系统构建过程考虑了卡尔曼滤波同化中的关键问题:利用全场随机扰动对初始场加扰,结合一般协方差膨胀和松弛协方差膨胀方法实现协方差膨胀,使用五阶距离相关函数进行协方差局地化。将构建的系统用于微波临边探测器(MLS)臭氧廓线数据的同化,分析臭氧卫星资料同化对模式预报的影响。结果表明:构建的CESM-ENSRF同化系统有效实现了臭氧资料同化,臭氧卫星资料同化对臭氧分析场和预报场精度有较大改进。 相似文献
9.
利用1996年9月至2004年9月卫星观测臭氧总含量TOMS(第8版)资料,对全球60°S至60°N和北半球0°~60°N大气臭氧总量分布进行了分析,给出了大气臭氧总量的季节纬度变化特征;通过对位于我国40°N附近不同经度上北京、敦煌和丹东3个代表站大气臭氧总量的分布与演变状况的分析,给出了中国40°N附近大气臭氧总量的时空演变特征。研究结果显示:北半球臭氧总量的季节变化和分布随着纬度变化有明显的特征;中国40°N附近的北京、敦煌及丹东大气臭氧总量在不同时间尺度上变化特征比较一致,但也存在一定的差异。 相似文献
10.
WRF模式与自动站资料同化相结合的辽宁高分辨2012年1月气温场建立试验 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
利用2012年1月辽宁省1 410个自动站资料,通过资料质量控制,采用WRF模式分析同化,结合自动站资料观测同化进行了辽宁地区4 km分辨率1月气温场建立的试验,同时与不进行同化观测资料、同化稀疏场资料的模拟试验对比,评估3种不同试验下辽宁地区月平均以及逐日、逐时温度的模拟能力,发现WRF模式与自动站资料同化相结合能建立高质量4 km分辨率的辽宁地区1月气温场,1月平均温度的偏差范围大部分低于±0.5℃,对逐日温度绝对偏差一般低于0.6℃,温度变化与观测序列的相关系数高于0.95;逐时温度的绝对偏差一般低于1℃,相关系数高于0.92。同化自动站资料试验的模拟效果,无论对于逐月温度还是逐日、逐时温度都显著优于未同化试验和同化稀疏场资料试验。在复杂地形下,同化自动站后模拟效果的改善尤为明显,逐日和逐时温度模拟的平均绝对偏差降低幅度都能接近0.5℃。 相似文献
11.
地基GPS天顶总延迟由于其解算误差来源少于目前广泛应用的可降水量资料,其同化应用将会为数值预报初值场更好地提供大气信息。面向同化应用的天顶总延迟观测质量控制方案的研发将会有效推进该资料在中国数值预报中的广泛应用。基于2013-2014年华北地区天顶总延迟观测资料,发展了一套针对数值预报同化应用的天顶总延迟观测质量控制方案。该方案从测站稳定性和解算精度、离群值、系统偏差及标准差等考察点切入,从不同角度检查和标记出致使观测序列统计特性偏离高斯分布特征的样本。质量控制后序列统计特征量更接近三维变分系统对观测资料的性质假设,表明了所建立质量控制方案的合理性。基于北京市气象局数值预报业务系统BJ-RUC开展了连续11 d的快速更新循环预报试验。评估结果表明：同化质控后天顶总延迟试验的降水预报效果明显优于同化未质控天顶总延迟试验,表明所建立质量控制方案的有效性。同化质控后天顶总延迟试验的降水预报效果优于未同化GPS资料试验,表明天顶总延迟资料的同化应用可以有效提升预报系统的降水预报效果,特别是在无探空资料参加同化的预报时次;同化质控后天顶总延迟资料试验的降水预报效果也优于同化可降水量的试验,表明使用天顶总延迟资料代替可降水量资料在数值预报业务中开展同化应用是可行的。在天顶总延迟观测质量控制方案研发和同化应用得到了一些有意义的结果,有助于推进该观测资料在数值预报科研和业务中的应用,为提升预报性能提供技术支撑。 相似文献
12.
Impact of 4DVAR Assimilation of AIRS Total Column Ozone Observations on the Simulation of Hurricane Earl 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1 
下载免费PDF全文
下载免费PDF全文 The Atmospheric Infrared Sounder(AIRS) provides twice-daily global observations of brightness temperature, which can be used to retrieve the total column ozone with high spatial and temporal resolution.In order to apply the AIRS ozone data to numerical prediction of tropical cyclones, a four-dimensional variational(4DVAR) assimilation scheme on selected model levels is adopted and implemented in the mesoscale non-hydrostatic model MM5. Based on the correlation between total column ozone and potential vorticity(PV), the observation operator of each level is established and five levels with highest correlation coefficients are selected for the 4DVAR assimilation of the AIRS total column ozone observations. The results from the numerical experiments using the proposed assimilation scheme for Hurricane Earl show that the ozone data assimilation affects the PV distributions with more mesoscale information at high levels first and then influences those at middle and low levels through the so-called asymmetric penetration of PV anomalies.With the AIRS ozone data being assimilated, the warm core of Hurricane Earl is intensified, resulting in the improvement of other fields near the hurricane center. The track prediction is improved mainly due to adjustment of the steering flows in the assimilation experiment. 相似文献
13.
风云三号卫星微波辐射率资料的质量控制 总被引：2，自引：2，他引：0
利用双权重算法对观测增量（卫星观测亮度温度与用辐射传输模式模拟的背景场亮度温度之差）进行质量控制,模式背景场采用的是NCEP再分析资料,观测算子使用的是RTTOV（9．3v）（thefast radiative transfer for （A）TOVS model）。质量控制分两步进行：粗检验和离群值检验,目的是剔除受地表发射率或云影响的离群资料。结果表明：质量控制后观测增量标准差显著减小,偏差接近无偏正态分布,FY-3卫星微波温度探测器辐射率数据的质量得到很大的改善,为FY-3微波温度计观测亮温资料在数值预报资料同化系统中的应用奠定基础。 相似文献
14.
We applied the multigrid nonlinear least-squares four-dimensional variational assimilation(MG-NLS4DVar) method in data assimilation and prediction experiments for Typhoon Haikui(2012) using the Weather Research and Forecasting(WRF) model. Observation data included radial velocity(V_r) and reflectivity(Z) data from a single Doppler radar, quality controlled prior to assimilation. Typhoon prediction results were evaluated and compared between the NLS-4DVar and MG-NLS4DVar methods. Compared with a forecast that began with NCEP analysis data, our radar data assimilation results were clearly improved in terms of structure, intensity, track, and precipitation prediction for Typhoon Haikui(2012). The results showed that the assimilation accuracy of the NLS-4DVar method was similar to that of the MG-NLS4DVar method,but that the latter was more efficient. The assimilation of V_r alone and Z alone each improved predictions of typhoon intensity, track, and precipitation; however, the impacts of V_r data were significantly greater that those of Z data.Assimilation window-length sensitivity experiments showed that a 6-h assimilation window with 30-min assimilation intervals produced slightly better results than either a 3-h assimilation window with 15-min assimilation intervals or a 1-h assimilation window with 6-min assimilation intervals. 相似文献
15.
A. M. Zvyagintsev N. S. Ivanova G. M. Kruchenitskii V. P. Chelibanov S. N. Kotel’nikov V. A. Lapchenko 《Russian Meteorology and Hydrology》2013,38(2):134-139
The review is compiled on the basis of the results of the operation of the total ozone (TO) monitoring in the CIS and Baltic countries functioning in the operational regime at the Central Aerological Observatory (CAO). The monitoring system uses the data from the national network with M-124 filter ozonometers under methodological supervision of the Main Geophysical Observatory. The quality of the functioning of the entire system is under operational control based on the observations obtained from the OMI satellite equipment (NASA, the United States). The basic TO observation data are generalized for each month of the fourth quarter of 2012, for the quarter as a whole, and for the whole year. Some results of regular observations of surface ozone content carried out at CAO and in other organizations in Russia and Ukraine are also considered. 相似文献
16.
A. M. Zvyagintsev N. S. Ivanova G. M. Kruchenitskii I. V. Gubarchuk 《Russian Meteorology and Hydrology》2012,37(5):354-356
The review is compiled on the basis of the results of the operation of the total ozone (TO) monitoring in the CIS and Baltic countries functioning in the operational regime at the Central Aerological Observatory (CAO). The monitoring system uses the data from the national network with M-124 filter ozonometers under methodological supervision of the Main Geophysical Observatory. The quality of the functioning of the entire system is under operational control based on the observations obtained from the OMI satellite equipment (NASA, the United States). The basic TO observation data are generalized for each month of the first quarter of 2012 and for the quarter as a whole. The results of regular observations of surface ozone content carried out at CAO in the woodland-park zone of Moscow since 1991 and characterizing the ozone state in the surface layer in the central Russian region are also considered. 相似文献
17.
A. M. Zvyagintsev N. S. Ivanova G. M. Kruchenitskii S. N. Kotel’nikov G. I. Kuznetsov 《Russian Meteorology and Hydrology》2012,37(8):570-573
The review is compiled on the basis of the results of the operation of the total ozone (TO) monitoring in the CIS and Baltic countries functioning in the operational regime at the Central Aerological Observatory (CAO). The monitoring system uses the data from the national network with M-124 filter ozonometers under methodological supervision of the Main Geophysical Observatory. The quality of the functioning of the entire system is under operational control based on the observations obtained from the OMI satellite equipment (NASA, the United States). The basic TO observation data are generalized for each month of the first quarter of 2012 and for the quarter as a whole. Some results of regular observations of surface ozone content carried out at different organizations in Russia are also considered. 相似文献
18.
针对地面观测站资料,从资料同化的角度出发,通过引入递归的概念,提出了递归经验正交质量控制(Rec-EOF QC)方法,并将该方案应用于不同时段的地面观测资料和不同种类的背景场资料中。结果表明:Rec-EOF QC方法一般在递归4次之后,质量控制过程达到稳定状态。通过递归方法,该质量控制方案能够通过资料本身调整质量控制的临界值,对资料具有普适性。而且与传统EOF QC方法相比,Rec-EOF QC方案能识别出更多的离群值,并且可以使观测偏差也更接近于高斯分布。另外还研究了背景场差异对质量控制的影响,分别利用FNL、ERA-Interim和JRA-25三组资料作为背景场进行地面质量质量控制试验,结果表明JRA-25剔除的资料最多,ERA-Interim次之,FNL最小。无论选用何种资料作为背景场,冬季的资料剔除率始终大于夏季的。 相似文献
19.
Jie HE Xulin MA Xuyang GE Juanjuan LIU Wei CHENG Man-Yau CHAN Ziniu XIAO 《大气科学进展》2021,38(9):1510-1524
The existence of outliers can seriously influence the analysis of variational data assimilation. Quality control allows us to effectively eliminate or absorb these outliers to produce better analysis fields. In particular, variational quality control(VarQC) can process gray zone outliers and is thus broadly used in variational data assimilation systems. In this study,governing equations are derived for two VarQC algorithms that utilize different contaminated Gaussian distributions(CGDs): Gaussian plus flat distribution and Huber norm distribution. As such, these VarQC algorithms can handle outliers that have non-Gaussian innovations. Then, these VarQC algorithms are implemented in the Global/Regional Assimilation and PrEdiction System(GRAPES) model-level three-dimensional variational data assimilation(m3 DVAR) system. Tests using artificial observations indicate that the VarQC method using the Huber distribution has stronger robustness for including outliers to improve posterior analysis than the VarQC method using the Gaussian plus flat distribution. Furthermore,real observation experiments show that the distribution of observation analysis weights conform well with theory,indicating that the application of VarQC is effective in the GRAPES m3 DVAR system. Subsequent case study and longperiod data assimilation experiments show that the spatial distribution and amplitude of the observation analysis weights are related to the analysis increments of the mass field(geopotential height and temperature). Compared to the control experiment, VarQC experiments have noticeably better posterior mass fields. Finally, the VarQC method using the Huber distribution is superior to the VarQC method using the Gaussian plus flat distribution, especially at the middle and lower levels. 相似文献