共查询到20条相似文献，搜索用时 687 毫秒
1.
2003年4～6月,我省降水呈北多南少分布,全省气温偏高,日照偏少。2003年4～6月,我省北、中、南3片雨量分别为892、586、618mm,赣北偏多1.4成,赣中、赣南偏少2.0和1.1成。4月3片雨量分别为273、169、193mm,北部偏多,中部、南部偏少;5月为261、266、254mm,全省略偏多;6月为357、151、171mm,北部略偏多,中部、南部偏少4.3成和2.5成。2003年4～6月,我省北、中、南3片平均气温分别为22.0、22.7、23.7℃,分别偏高0.4、0.6、0.8℃。4月3片气温分别为17.8、18.9、20.6℃,分别偏高0.6、1.0、1.2℃;5月为22.4、22.9、24.0℃,分别偏高0.4、0.4、0.8℃;6… 相似文献
2.
3.
4.
《气象研究与应用》2016,(4)
气温变化是气候变化显著特征之一,分析城市气温季节性变异与响应具有重要意义。基于1951~2014年逐日平均、最高和最低气温观测资料,利用多种极端气温指数,通过线性倾向估计、Mann-Kenndall检验等方法,研究北京城区气温及其极端气温指数变化趋势,分析入春、入夏、入秋、入冬时间及四季长度变化,并探讨温度变化的可能成因和影响。结果表明:(1)北京城区气温显著升高,升温幅度呈现最低气温平均气温最高气温,分别升高0.19、0.40、0.49℃·(10a)~(-1),霜冻日数、不热日数、负温日数、不热日数、冷夜日数、冷昼日数、冷持续指数、气温日较差呈显著下降趋势,而热日指数、酷热指数、生长期长度、暖夜日数、暖昼日数呈现升高趋势,基于最低气温的指数增减幅度较大;(2)四季增温明显,气温变化幅度呈冬季春季秋季夏季,平均气温分别增长0.40、0.32、0.36、0.47℃·(10a)~(-1),冬季趋暖,夏季趋热,气温突变时间冬季最早,春季次之,夏季最晚;(3)入春、入夏时间提前,入秋、入冬时间推迟,夏季时间延长,冬、春和秋季长度明显缩短,相比前30年,1981~2000年入春、入夏时间分别提前7、9天,入秋、入冬时间分别推迟8、4天,夏季长度增加17天,冬、春、秋季各减少11、3、3天;(4)北京城区升温是城市化和气候变化耦合作用的结果,城市温室效应增大升温幅度,持续升温可能会对城市生态系统、大气环境、能源供需、用水结构以及居民健康等产生影响。 相似文献
5.
9月 ,全国大部地区降水接近常年 ,但降水量分布不均 ,东北地区西部、华北北部和西北地区的部分地区偏少 ,而东北地区东部、华北中南部、长江中游地区、江南西部、云南西部等地降水偏多 ,江苏、湖北、四川、云南等地发生洪涝灾害。月平均气温 ,除东北地区、华北北部、新疆等地的部分地区较常年偏高以外 ,全国其余大部地区气温接近常年 ,内蒙古中部和山西北部部分地区初霜偏早 ,江西、湖南等地出现“寒露风”和冷害天气 ,月内有 5个台风 (包括热带风暴 )影响我国。1 天气概况 本月 ,多雨带主要位于河北南部、河南、湖北、安徽、湖南一线 ,… 相似文献
6.
制发文件是气象部门党政机关、事业单位实施工作指导的重要手段。严格发文程序 ,对提高工作效率、保证文件质量 ,促进气象工作现代化具有重要作用。公文制发程序为 :拟稿、会签、核稿、呈批、鉴发、注标、编号、校对、核红、印制、用印、发出。拟稿必须得到授权 ,这是公文制发严肃性和权威性的要求。撰文是 1项政策性、思想性和业务性都很强的工作 ,必须做到准确体现党和国家的路线、方针、政策、法律、法规 ;实事求是 ,不尚空谈 ,观点清晰 ;突出主题 ,确保文件的准确性、鲜明性、生动性、针对性和可操作性 ;注意文件质量 ,讲究文法。文中内… 相似文献
7.
8.
一、前言粘虫在我国的分布,南始广东、广西、云南,北至黑龙江,东自东部、东南部沿海各省,西到云贵、青藏、蒙古高原,活动范围极广。它是一种以幼虫为害农作物的害虫。幼虫取食范围广,计有禾本科、豆科、十字花科、蔷薇科、茄科等十六种之多,其中最爱食的是禾本科植物。就农作物而言,主要危害小麦、水稻,玉米、高粱、谷子、糜子、青稞等,对蔬菜、黄豆、棉花以及苹果、柑桔、榆、柳等亦有危害。每年粘虫对 相似文献
9.
黄鹂度 《沙漠与绿洲气象(新疆气象)》1987,(8)
新疆古称西域,两千多年前,就是我们祖国不可分割的一部分.新疆各族人民在发展中华民族经济、文化、历史等方面,和全国人民一样,作出了重要的贡献. 气象与人们的生活息息相关,新疆各绿洲自古就有较发达的农业,诸如小麦、水稻、豆类、棉花、胡麻、大麻等均有种植.尤其是瓜果,如哈密瓜、葡萄、香梨等驰名中外,其他桃、李、杏、核桃、无花果、木瓜、石榴等 相似文献
10.
11.
Stéphane Hallegatte 《Global Environmental Change》2009,19(2):240-247
Many decisions concerning long-lived investments already need to take into account climate change. But doing so is not easy for at least two reasons. First, due to the rate of climate change, new infrastructure will have to be able to cope with a large range of changing climate conditions, which will make design more difficult and construction more expensive. Second, uncertainty in future climate makes it impossible to directly use the output of a single climate model as an input for infrastructure design, and there are good reasons to think that the needed climate information will not be available soon. Instead of optimizing based on the climate conditions projected by models, therefore, future infrastructure should be made more robust to possible changes in climate conditions. This aim implies that users of climate information must also change their practices and decision-making frameworks, for instance by adapting the uncertainty-management methods they currently apply to exchange rates or R&D outcomes. Five methods are examined: (i) selecting “no-regret” strategies that yield benefits even in absence of climate change; (ii) favouring reversible and flexible options; (iii) buying “safety margins” in new investments; (iv) promoting soft adaptation strategies, including long-term prospective; and (v) reducing decision time horizons. Moreover, it is essential to consider both negative and positive side-effects and externalities of adaptation measures. Adaptation–mitigation interactions also call for integrated design and assessment of adaptation and mitigation policies, which are often developed by distinct communities. 相似文献
12.
Abstract Economic studies suggest that market leakage rates of greenhouse gas abatement can reach the two-digit percentage range. Although the Marrakesh Accords require Clean Development Mechanism (CDM) projects to account for leakage, most projects neglect market leakage. Insufficient leakage accounting is facilitated by a lack of applicable methods regarding the quantification and attribution of project-related leakage effects. This article proposes a method for attributing CDM-related market leakage effects to individual projects. To this purpose, alternative attribution methods are analysed. We find that project-specific approaches fail to take account of market leakage effects. Consequently, we propose to estimate aggregate market leakage effects and attribute them proportionally to individual projects. We suggest that predetermined commodity-specific leakage factors are applied by project developers to any emission reductions that are associated with a project's leakage-relevant demand or supply changes. This approach is conservative, equitable, incentive-compatible and applicable at manageable costs. 相似文献
13.
14.
Maciej Sadowski 《Climatic change》2008,90(4):443-451
Adopted by COP 10 (Dec 1/CP.10) and approved by the MOP1, the Buenos Aires programme of adaptation and response measures opens
doors to intensify preparations for expected climate change. By this decision the COP, requested the SBSTA to develop a structured
5-year programme of work of the SBSTA on the scientific, technical and socio-economic aspects of impacts of, and vulnerability
and adaptation to, climate change. Consequently, the COP, by its decision 2/CP.11, adopted the “Five-year programme of work
of the Subsidiary Body for Scientific and Technological Advice on impacts, vulnerability and adaptation to climate change”
Finally during COP12 this programme was approved as “Nairobi Work Programme on impacts, vulnerability and adaptation to climate
change”. This programme has fundamental significance not only for developing countries, but also for industrialized nations
in which some sectors of the or social life are particularly vulnerable to climate change, specifically, inter alia EIT countries and new EU Member States. Further development of this adaptation programme economy should contain steps that
provide optimum economic and social effectiveness, risk management, identification of vulnerable sectors and gaps in knowledge,
preparation of a list of policy options, including an analysis of cost effectiveness, selection of the most effective policies,
and a preparedness implementation plan. In Poland the preliminary adaptation programme covered agriculture, water management,
and coastal zone management. For the time being, gaps in knowledge and preparedness measures have been identified. An estimation
of possible impact on these areas was based on chosen GCMs, and sea level rise IPCC scenarios. In conclusion, it was stated
that the results achieved should be seen as a first step forward and a more comprehensive study is necessary to update the
results and cover other sectors of the economy, such as health protection, spatial planning, ecosystems and forestry, and
to develop specific guidelines and recommendations for policy-makers. 相似文献
15.
Framing the way to relate climate extremes to climate change 总被引：3，自引：1，他引：2
Kevin E. Trenberth 《Climatic change》2012,115(2):283-290
The atmospheric and ocean environment has changed from human activities in ways that affect storms and extreme climate events. The main way climate change is perceived is through changes in extremes because those are outside the bounds of previous weather. The average anthropogenic climate change effect is not negligible, but nor is it large, although a small shift in the mean can lead to very large percentage changes in extremes. Anthropogenic global warming inherently has decadal time scales and can be readily masked by natural variability on short time scales. To the extent that interactions are linear, even places that feature below normal temperatures are still warmer than they otherwise would be. It is when natural variability and climate change develop in the same direction that records get broken. For instance, the rapid transition from El Ni?o prior to May 2010 to La Ni?a by July 2010 along with global warming contributed to the record high sea surface temperatures in the tropical Indian and Atlantic Oceans and in close proximity to places where record flooding subsequently occurred. A commentary is provided on recent climate extremes. The answer to the oft-asked question of whether an event is caused by climate change is that it is the wrong question. All weather events are affected by climate change because the environment in which they occur is warmer and moister than it used to be. 相似文献
16.
随着用户的增多,MOMINO邮件服务器上的硬盘空间越来越少,如果不增加硬盘空间,将会严重影响到系统的运行,甚至死机。一个解决方案是:为服务器新增一个大硬盘,将数据库文件移到新硬盘上。如何以最小的代价、最快的速度、尽量不影响用户的正常使用来完成此项工作呢?通过查询相关资 相似文献
17.
18.
龚朝东 《高原山地气象研究》2006,26(2)
随着用户的增多,MOMINO邮件服务器上的硬盘空间越来越少,如果不增加硬盘空间,将会严重影响到系统的运行,甚至死机.一个解决方案是:为服务器新增一个大硬盘,将数据库文件移到新硬盘上.如何以最小的代价、最快的速度、尽量不影响用户的正常使用来完成此项工作呢?通过查询相关资料,并做了实验,发现有两种方法相对简单. 相似文献
19.
介绍采用W inRoute F irewall软件实现市、县局用户共享上网的方法,使市县局用户既能共享网络资源,又能有效地保障网络安全。 相似文献
20.
We propose linear response functions to separately estimate the sea-level contributions of thermal expansion and solid ice discharge from Greenland and Antarctica. The response function formalism introduces a time-dependence which allows for future rates of sea-level rise to be influenced by past climate variations. We find that this time-dependence is of the same functional type, R(t) ～ t α, for each of the three subsystems considered here. The validity of the approach is assessed by comparing the sea-level estimates obtained via the response functions to projections from comprehensive models. The pure vertical diffusion case in one dimension, corresponding to α = ?0.5, is a valid approximation for thermal expansion within the ocean up to the middle of the twenty first century for all Representative Concentration Pathways. The approximation is significantly improved for α = ? 0.7. For the solid ice discharge from Greenland we find an optimal value of α = ?0.7. Different from earlier studies we conclude that solid ice discharge from Greenland due to dynamic thinning is bounded by 0.42 m sea-level equivalent. Ice discharge induced by surface warming on Antarctica is best captured by a positive value of α = 0.1 which reflects the fact that ice loss increases with the cumulative amount of heat available for softening the ice in our model. 相似文献