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1.
张耀存  卢新平 《气象科学》1998,18(2):150-155
本文利用9层菱形截断15波的全球大气环流谱模式(L9R15)研究了前期冬季和春季海温异常的关键区对我国长江中下游地区夏季降水的影响,数值试验结果表明,冬季赤道东太平洋和黑潮区海温异常及春季印度洋和黑潮区海温异常使得长江中下游地区的夏季降水明显增多,同时500hPa副热带高压和100hPa南亚高压增强,但从范围和强度上来看,冬季赤道东太平洋和黑潮区海温异常时我国西南至长江中下游地区一带的夏季降水异常比春季印度洋和黑潮区海温异常时更明显,由此证实了观测资料的分析结果。  相似文献   

2.
利用1951—2007年NOAA延长重构的海温资料、NCEP/NCAR再分析资料和中国160站降水资料,研究了夏季西太平洋暖池海温的年际变化特征及其与中国夏季降水的关系。结果表明,夏季西太平洋暖池海温异常具有明显的年际变化特征;夏季西太平洋暖池海温异常偏高(低)时,亚洲热低压减弱(加强),西太平洋副热带高压加强(减弱)、位置偏西(偏东),850 hPa风场上中国东部地区为偏北(南)风距平,使得东亚夏季风减弱(增强),导致长江中下游地区夏季降水偏多(少)。  相似文献   

3.
春季黑潮区海温异常与我国夏季降水的关系   总被引:6,自引:7,他引:6  
利用海温资料、NCEP/NCAR 53 a(1951~2003年)再分析资料和全国160个站的月降水资料,采用小波、合成和相关分析等方法,分析了春季黑潮区域海表温度异常与我国夏季(6~8月)降水及其与夏季500 hPa高度场、水汽输送的关系。结果表明:春季黑潮区域海表温度具有明显的年际和年代际变化特征,海温的增加趋势非常显著,存在不同尺度的周期振荡,其中23 a左右的周期最显著。春季黑潮海温偏高时,中高纬地区的槽和脊加深,西北太平洋副热带高压加强、西伸,导致副热带高压西侧的暖湿气流输送到长江中下游及华南地区,从而使长江中下游及华南地区的夏季降水增多;水汽输送合成场表明来自南海、西太平洋的水汽输送较气候平均年偏强,向长江流域以北的水汽输送减少,使长江中下游及华南地区夏季降水增多;相反,海温偏低时,长江中下游及华南地区的夏季降水减少。  相似文献   

4.
亚洲夏季西风指数与中国夏季降水的关系   总被引:6,自引:4,他引:6  
对1958—2000年亚洲纬向风和我国160站夏季降水进行SVD分析,发现两者具有良好的耦合关系。根据分析结果定义了一个可以表征我国夏季降水的亚洲夏季西风指数(IASW)。西风指数高(低)年,长江中下游夏季降水偏少(多),华南、河套和东北地区降水偏多(少)。同时分析了高、低西风指数年的环流特征,发现当长江中下游夏季降水偏多而华南、河套和东北地区降水偏少时,500 hPa呈负EAP型,鄂霍茨克海和乌拉尔山有阻高建立,西太平洋副热带高压偏南,105°E越赤道气流偏弱,东亚夏季风偏弱,高纬的偏北气流和低纬的偏南气流在我国长江中下游地区汇合,梅雨锋加强,使得雨带在此维持。前期鄂霍茨克海区域平均位势高度以及前期1—3月西太平洋的热带对流活动可以作为预测夏季西风强弱的前兆信号。  相似文献   

5.
冬季黑潮SSTA影响东亚夏季风的数值试验   总被引:4,自引:1,他引:4  
利用NCAR CCM3模式研究了前期冬季黑潮区域海温异常(SSTA)对东亚夏季风的影响,结果表明:当前期冬季黑潮区域海温异常偏高时,西北太平洋副热带高压位置偏西、强度偏强,夏季风较弱,梅雨锋位置偏南,江淮流域及长江中下游地区降水偏多,而华北和东北地区降水偏少;反之亦然。  相似文献   

6.
南素兰  李建平 《气象学报》2005,63(6):837-846
利用统计方法对春季(4~5月)南半球环状模(SAM)与夏季(6~8月)中国降水的关系作了分析,发现春季南半球环状模指数(SAMI)与夏季长江中下游降水之间存在显著的正相关关系。春季SAM偏强的同期对流层下层在欧亚大陆存在一以蒙古高原和天山山脉为中心的异常反气旋对,从中国东北到华南中纬度地区均为异常的偏北气流控制。这种环流异常形式可以持续到夏季并加强,致使东亚夏季风减弱;春季SAM偏强,夏季西太平洋副热带高压西部脊强度加强,位置偏西,这些异常环流都有利于长江中下游地区降水偏多。另外,春季SAM偏强,夏季长江中下游地区水汽含量增大,向上的垂直运动得到加强,为该地区降水偏多提供了基本的水汽条件。春季SAM偏弱时,夏季东亚大气环流和水汽条件相反。因此,春季SAM为夏季长江中下游汛期降水提供了一有用的前期信号。  相似文献   

7.
运用NCEP/NCAR再分析资料和中国气候中心整编的160站月平均降水资料应用经验正交函数、线性相关分析等,分析了江淮地区夏季降水异常特征及其与西印度洋区域大气环流年际异常关系的变化及其可能的机理。结果表明:当500 hPa中纬度低槽活动偏多(少),西太平洋副热带高压偏强(弱),东亚夏季风偏强(弱)时,江淮地区降水偏多(少)。进一步分析还发现西印度洋上空的垂直环流与江淮夏季降水存在较好的关系,但这种年际异常之间的联系受到背景场的影响明显:1979—1993年西印度洋垂直上升运动与江淮夏季降水的变化趋势基本相反,两者线性相关系数为-0.43;1994—2010年两者的变化趋势基本一致,相关系数达0.71。即当西印度洋地区存在环流异常下沉(上升)时,西太平洋副热带高压通常异常减弱东退(增强西伸),副热带季风减弱(增强),有利于雨带偏南(北)。因此,在西太平洋副热带高压和副热带季风年代际偏强(弱)阶段,西印度洋环流与江淮夏季降水呈负(正)相关。  相似文献   

8.
夏季东亚高空急流与太平洋-日本遥相关型的关系   总被引:1,自引:1,他引:1  
钟中  唐筱之  卢伟  陈中一 《气象科学》2015,35(6):672-683
利用NCEP/NCAR和NOAA月平均资料,采用奇异值分解方法分析了夏季东亚高空纬向风场和西北太平洋海表温度(SST)的耦合关系,并据此研究了东亚副热带高空急流和太平洋-日本(Pacific-Japan,PJ)遥相关型的可能联系。合成分析结果表明,东亚副热带高空急流正模态年,急流偏南偏强,对流层上层南亚高压增强东进,中层西太平洋副热带高压加强西伸,菲律宾周边海域SST升高,中纬度黑潮延伸体区SST降低,菲律宾海和热带西太平洋地区对流活动偏弱,日本海和黑潮延伸体海区对流活动增强,对应PJ遥相关型的负位相;而东亚副热带高空急流负模态年,急流偏北偏弱,对流层上层南亚高压减弱西退,中层西太平洋副热带高压减弱东撤,菲律宾周边SST降低,中纬度黑潮延伸体区SST升高,菲律宾海和热带西太平洋地区对流活动强盛,日本海和黑潮延伸体海区对流活动减弱,对应PJ遥相关型的正位相。由于夏季东亚副热带高空急流活动与PJ遥相关型存在关联,PJ遥相关型可能是东亚副热带高空急流响应太平洋海温异常的纽带。  相似文献   

9.
研究了鄂霍次克海阻高及西太平洋副热带高压的关系,解释了当鄂霍次克海阻高活跃时副热带高压北上缓慢的原因。具体如下(1)通过对鄂霍次克海阻高指数和500hPa高度的相关分析发现,夏季东亚附近容易出现一个类似偶板子的遥相关类型;(2)这个遥相关类型与鄂霍次克海阻高发展时产生的从鄂霍次克海经日本东部海面到副热带方面传播的波列紧密相关;(3)伴随鄂霍次克海高压的发展,此波列的传播形成一个以日本东部海面为中心的气旋式环流,起着削弱副高北缘的重要作用。这个作用可以部分解释为什么1998年夏季副高会非常偏南。  相似文献   

10.
西太平洋副热带高压是副热带大型环流系统,也是直接影响我国夏季降水的环流系统,它的状况(强弱和位置变化)将直接影响我国夏季的降水分布,亦对山西省夏季降水有重要影响。研究副热带高压,特别是西太平洋副热带高压的变化规律及其对山西省夏季降水的影响是十分必要的。  相似文献   

11.
1. IntroductionAs well known, Kuroshio is a famous and strongwest boundary current in the North Pacific. It trans-fers enormous energy from the low latitudes to themid-high latitudes and releases huge heat flux to theatmosphere above (Hsiung, 1985). The variation ofKuroshio exerts great influence on weather and cli-mate in East Asian.During 1950-60s, Lü (1950, 1964) found that thewestern North Pacific SSTA had a close relation withsummer rainfall in China. In the 1970s, evidencesshowed…  相似文献   

12.
Based on the data of SST and NCEP/NCAR reanalysis data, the relationship is analyzed of spring SSTA in the Kuroshio region with summer precipitation in China, summer 500 hPa field and water vapor transport, using the methods of Morlet wave, correlation and composite analysis. The results show that annual and interdecadal change of spring SST in the Kuroshio region is distinct. Spring SST displays a significantly increasing trend and there exist different periodic oscillations in the Kuroshio region, with the 23-year periodic oscillation being the most obvious. Troughs and ridges in the mid- and higher- latitudes turn deeper in high Kuroshio SSTA years. At the same time, the western Pacific subtropical high strengthens and stretches westwards. As a result, the warm / wet air from the west of the subtropical high locates in the mid- and lower- reaches of the Yangtze River and south China and summer rainfall in the above regions increases accordingly. Composite anomalous water vapor flux fields indicate that the vapor transport from the South China Sea and western Pacific and the vapor from the north converge over the mid- and lower- reaches of the Yangtze River and south China, which results in the increase of the summer rainfall in the mid- and lower- reaches of the Yangtze River and south China. On the contrary, the summer rainfall in the mid- and lower- reaches of the Yangtze River and south China decreases correspondingly in low Kuroshio SSTA years.  相似文献   

13.
Based on an observational analysis, seven numerical experiments are designed to study the impacts of Pacific SSTA on summer precipitation over eastem China and relevant physical mechanism by NCAR CCM3. The numerical simulation results show that preceding winter SSTA in the Kuroshio region leads to summer precipitation anomaly over the Yangtze River valleys by modifying atmospheric general circulation over eastern Asia and middle-high latitude. West Pacific subtropical high is notably affected by preceding spring SSTA over the middle and east of Equator Pacific; SSTA of the central region of middle latitude in the corresponding period causes the summer rainfall anomaly over eastern China so as to trigger the atmospheric Eurasia-Pacific teleconnection pattern.  相似文献   

14.
Based on an observational analysis, seven numerical experiments are designed to study the impacts of Pacific SSTA on summer precipitation over eastem China and relevant physical mechanism by NCAR CCM3. The numerical simulation results show that preceding winter SSTA in the Kuroshio region leads to summer precipitation anomaly over the Yangtze River valleys by modifying atmospheric general circulation over eastern Asia and middle-high latitude. West Pacific subtropical high is notably affected by preceding spring SSTA over the middle and east of Equator Pacific; SSTA of the central region of middle latitude in the corresponding period causes the summer rainfall anomaly over eastern China so as to trigger the atmospheric Eurasia-Pacific teleconnection pattern.  相似文献   

15.
Based on an observational analysis, seven numerical experiments are designed to study the impacts of Pacific SSTA on summer precipitation over eastern China and relevant physical mechanism by NCAR CCM3. The numerical simulation results show that preceding winter SSTA in the Kuroshio region leads to summer precipitation anomaly over the Yangtze River valleys by modifying atmospheric general circulation over eastern Asia and middle-high latitude. West Pacific subtropical high is notably affected by preceding spring SSTA over the middle and east of Equator Pacific; SSTA of the central region of middle latitude in the corresponding period causes the summer rainfall anomaly over eastern China so as to trigger the atmospheric Eurasia-Pacific teleconnection pattern.  相似文献   

16.
关键区海温年代际异常对我国东部夏季降水影响   总被引:1,自引:1,他引:0       下载免费PDF全文
利用1931—2010年UKMO HADISST1全球月海表温度、NOAA再分析资料及我国东部96个站月降水量资料,使用REOF,SVD及合成分析等方法探讨了关键区冬季海表温度 (SST) 年代际异常对我国东部夏季降水的影响。结果表明:当冬季黑潮区SST年代际异常处于正位相时,夏季500 hPa中高纬度地区位势高度呈“+-+”距平分布,西风带经向环流盛行,西太平洋副热带高压加强、西伸;850 hPa风场距平场上,北方地区为反气旋性异常控制,南海上空为异常偏南气流,这样的环流配置有利于我国东部夏季多雨带出现在长江中下游地区;当冬季南印度洋偶极子 (SIOD) 年代际异常处于正位相时,夏季500 hPa中高纬度地区位势高度为正距平,阻塞形势发展,经向环流盛行,有利于冷空气南下,西太平洋副热带高压强度偏强,位置略偏南、偏西;850 hPa风场距平场上,北方地区为一反气旋性异常控制,异常偏北气流延伸至我国南方地区,索马里越赤道气流偏强。这种环流配置使得副热带锋区偏南,夏季多雨带位于华南及东南沿海地区。  相似文献   

17.
华北夏季旱涝的前期环流异常及其与北太平洋海温的关系   总被引:10,自引:1,他引:10  
文章分析了华北地区夏季旱涝的前期春季大气环流和北太平洋海温异常(SSTA)分布特征,探讨SSTA与异常环流的关系,并用OSU-AGCM进行黑潮地区热源异常强迫的数值试验.结果表明,当春季北极低涡明显减弱,欧亚大陆中高纬度地区纬向环流加强,西太平洋副高位置偏北偏西,且存在负PNA型异常环流时,华北地区夏季多雨涝;反之则少雨干旱.此时,西北太平洋和赤道东太平洋SST分别存在较大的正、负异常,它们与春季环流异常密切相关,黑潮区SSTA对北半球副热带及其以北的大气环流产生显著影响,正的SSTA是造成华北夏涝年的前期春季异常环流形势的重要因素.  相似文献   

18.
黑潮地区海温影响南海夏季风爆发日期的数值试验   总被引:9,自引:5,他引:4  
采用合成分析和相关分析等方法讨论了季节转换时期(4~6月)黑潮地区海温异常同海夏季风爆发时间和西太平洋副高位置与强度的影响。教值模拟结果进一步表明,该地区海温正针导致西太平洋副高位置偏南,强度偏强,南海夏季风建立较晚,弱度偏北 ,江淮流流域偏涝;反之亦然。  相似文献   

19.
By using the gauged rainfall in 160 stations within mainland China and the NCEP/NCAR reanalysis data, the impacts of anomalous SST in Kuroshio and its extension on precipitation in Northeast China were investigated. The results show that a difference in the meridional circulation such as the East Asia/Pacific teleconnection pattern(EAP)may be responsible for the difference in rainfall between 1998 and 2010. In comparison with 1998, the anomalous meridional circulation pattern in 2010 shifted northeastward, and then the western subtropical high, the mid-latitudinal trough and the northeastern Asia blocking high also shifted northeastward, causing intensified convergence of the cold and warm air masses at the southern region and thus more rainfall in the southwestern region and less in the northwestern region. In 1998, the anomalous cyclone, one component of the meridional pattern, located at the Songhuajiang-Nengjiang River basin, resulted in more rainfall in the majority of the area. The results of observation and the model show that the difference in SSTA in Kuroshio and its extension under the background of different El Ni觡o events is the key point:(1) The anomalous warmth moved westward from the mid-Pacific to the east of the Philippine Sea during the central event, which led the heat resources shifting to the northeast in 2010; subsequently, a shift occurred to the north of the anomalous ascent and decent, followed by a warm SSTA in the region of Kuroshio's extension in 2010 and Kuroshio in 1998.(2) The warm SSTA in the Kuroshio extension causing the Rossby wave activity flux strengthened in 2010, and then the westerly jet shifted northward and extended eastward. A warm SSTA in Kuroshio and cold SSTA in its extension in 1998 caused the westerly jet to shift southward and weaken. As a result,the anomalous anticyclone and cyclone shifted northward in 2010, and the blocking high also shifted northward.  相似文献   

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