共查询到19条相似文献，搜索用时 750 毫秒
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和田河流域棉蚜大发生原医及防治与气象服务 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
从和田河流域棉蚜越冬基数、气候条件、作物布局及发育期、防治措施、品种特点等方面，分析了和田河流域棉蚜大发生的原因，结果表明气候条件与棉蚜大发生关系十分密切，作物布局及发育期和防治措施也是棉蚜泛滥成灾的主要因素，提出了棉蚜防治的各项技术措施与气象服务。 相似文献
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气候变化对和田河夏季平均流量的影响 总被引：3，自引：0，他引：3
选择和田河流域作为和田地区水资源的典型代表,和田河流域代表站和田市气象站1961～2004年的夏季高空500～300hPa气温、0℃层高度资料、和田河上游(乌鲁瓦提和同古孜洛克站)水文资料,分析了和田河流域夏季高空气温、0℃层平均高度和夏季流量的年际线性趋势变化。结果表明:近44a来和田河流域夏季高空500～300hPa平均气温和0℃层高度呈下降趋势,倾向率分别为-0.322℃/10a、-32.42gpm/10a;夏季流量也呈下降趋势,其倾向率为-7.26m3s-1/10a。和田河流域夏季高空500～300hPa平均气温和0℃层高度的下降等高空气候变化是和田河夏季流量减少的主要原因。 相似文献
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1998年奎玛流域棉蚜越冬基数大,发生期晚,发展迅速,发生面广,消退快,消亡早。本文从气象角度分析了棉蚜发生发展及消亡的特点,提出了防治棉蚜的几点意见。 相似文献
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和田河流域1954—2007年气温及降水气候特征分析 总被引：6，自引：2，他引：4
应用和田河流域和田市气象站1954-2007年逐月平均气温和降水量资料,采用趋势系数、Morlet小波分析法分析了54a来和田河流域气温、降水趋势变化及周期特征,结果表明：气温和降水变化呈暖湿化发展,气温线性变暖率为0.33℃／10a,降水线性递增率为2.1mm／10a,各年代变化趋势存有差异,但基本与西北地区气候变化趋势一致;小波系数的实部、模、位相信息准确揭示出了不同时间尺度下气温、降水的年际、年代际周期演变、强度变化以及突变特征。 相似文献
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天水地区条锈病的发生与气象条件关系研究 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
利用1994～2006年天水市条锈病监测资料、天水市7县（区）气象站的常规观测资料和冬小麦生长发育期资料,用数理统计方法分析条锈病的发生发展特征及气象因子与冬小麦生长发育期的关系。结果表明：全球气候变暖使条锈病的越冬、越夏条件优越,自1994年以来发生面积呈线性增长,发病程度天水市东南部重于西北部。条锈病的爆发流行既受当时气象条件制约,又受周边地区条锈病发生发展趋势的影响。根据分析制作的条锈病预测预报模型,为条锈病的积极防治及科学决策生产提供了依据。 相似文献
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伊犁河流域气候资源特点及其时空分布规律研究 总被引：10，自引：0，他引：10
三面环山向西开敞的地形使伊犁河流域冬季虽受蒙古高压控制,但少有寒流侵袭;夏季虽受副热带低压笼罩,但干热气流难以深入,形成了温和湿润的气候基调。伊犁河流域光热资源充分,尤以降水充沛而成为新疆及亚洲中部干旱区的“湿岛”。由西向东,从河谷盆地到丘陵山地,伊犁河流域气候类型及组合呈现出明显的地域性分布规律,以草原、荒漠草原为主的河谷气候和以森林、森林草原为主的山地气候孕育了伊犁河流域优良的气候特点和多样的气候资源。 相似文献
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Response of flower and boll development to climatic factors in Egyptian cotton (Gossypium barbadense) 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
Zakaria M. Sawan 《Climatic change》2009,97(3-4):553-591
Fruiting of cotton plant is determined and influenced by cultivars, climatic conditions, management practices and pests. An understanding of the flowering and boll retention patterns of cotton cultivars can contribute to more efficient and economical crop management. The objective of this investigation was to study the effect of various climatic factors on flower and boll production, and also, the nature of its effects prevailing prior and subsequent to either flowering or boll setting on flower and boll production and retention in Egyptian cotton. This could be used in formulating advanced prediction of the effect of certain climatic conditions on the production of Egyptian cotton. Also, the study focused on four equal periods during the development of flower and bolls stage to study the response of these characters to climatic factors during these periods and to determine the most representative period corresponding to the overall crop pattern. Further, the study predicting effects of climatic factors during convenient intervals (in days) on cotton flower and boll production compared with daily observations to find the optimum interval. Evaporation, sunshine duration, humidity, surface soil temperature at 1800 h, and maximum air temperature, are the important climatic factors that significantly affects flower and boll production. Evaporation; minimum humidity and sunshine duration were the most effective climatic factors during preceding and succeeding periods on boll production and retention. There was a negative correlation between flower and boll production and either evaporation or sunshine duration, while that correlation with minimum humidity was positive. The fourth quarter period of the production stage was the most appropriate and usable time to collect data for determining efficient prediction equations for cotton production. Evaporation, humidity and temperature were the principal climatic factors that governed cotton flower and boll production during the fourth quarter. The five day interval was found to be adequately and sensibly related to yield parameters than other intervals and was closest to the daily observations. Evaporation was found to be the most important climatic variable affecting flower and boll production, followed by humidity. An accurate weather forecast 5–7 days in advance would provide an opportunity to avoid adverse effects of climatic factors on cotton production through utilizing proper cultural practices which would limit and control their negative effects. 相似文献
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利用敦煌、安西、金塔三地气象和病虫害资料,应用农业气象中的统计方法,分析了棉花病虫繁殖危害与气象条件的关系。结论是：影响棉花产量及品质的主要虫害是棉蚜、棉铃虫、棉红蜘蛛;影响虫害繁殖的主要气象因子是温度、湿度、降水等。可以通过采取生态措施和工程措施改善病虫害对棉花的威胁程度。 相似文献
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黑龙江省气候资源与灾害评价分析系统 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
以Windows98为平台,利用VB6．0等可视化语言编译系统,分析水分、温度等气候因子与作物生长发育的关系,建立灾害评估模式并纳入系统,通过指标计算、比较,对黑龙江省易发灾害如旱涝、低温冷害进行评价分析,并实现对黑龙江省气候资源的全面分析阐述,从而为黑龙江省农业种植结构调整、品种合理布局及防灾减灾等农业生产决策提供科学依据。 相似文献
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For the 1980–2003 period, we analyzed the relationship between crop yield and three climatic variables (minimum temperature,
maximum temperature, and precipitation) for 12 major Californian crops: wine grapes, lettuce, almonds, strawberries, table
grapes, hay, oranges, cotton, tomatoes, walnuts, avocados, and pistachios. The months and climatic variables of greatest importance
to each crop were used to develop regressions relating yield to climatic conditions. For most crops, fairly simple equations
using only 2–3 variables explained more than two-thirds of observed yield variance. The types of variables and months identified
suggest that relatively poorly understood processes such as crop infection, pollination, and dormancy may be important mechanisms
by which climate influences crop yield. Recent climatic trends have had mixed effects on crop yields, with orange and walnut
yields aided, avocado yields hurt, and most crops little affected by recent climatic trends. Yield-climate relationships can
provide a foundation for forecasting crop production within a year and for projecting the impact of future climate changes. 相似文献
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昌吉州棉区棉花生育期气候条件分析 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
为了深入开展棉花气象服务,对昌吉州主要棉区的气温、降水和日照等与棉花生长发育密切相关的气候资料进行了全面的统计分析,得出昌吉州主要棉区影响棉花生长发育的主要气象因素:播种期的霜冻、苗期的低温、花铃期的高温和吐絮期的低温和全生育期的热量。 相似文献
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紫外线辐射增加对棉花生长的影响 总被引：4，自引：0，他引：4
在田间试验中观测到经过量紫外线（ＵＶ）辐射处理过的棉花,其株形、生理活动及产量都受到不同程度的影响,其影响程度随ＵＶ辐射强度的强弱而异。本文通过对棉花受不同程度ＵＶ辐射处理的研究,得出其在各项指标上的受影响程度,结果对了解气候变化对农作物生产的影响具有一定的意义。 相似文献
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Southern China is a major grain-producing area, but has been suffering from increasingly serious droughts caused by global warming. As a result, crop losses have become serious. To provide insights into these losses, we obtained data to support a systematic and comprehensive analysis of how agricultural drought has caused crop losses from 1961 to 2011 and of the relationship between these changes and the climatic factors responsible for the losses. We found an obvious increase in the loss of crops due to agricultural drought in southern China, with the greatest increase in crop loss in the southwest and smaller increases in the south and southeast. Moreover, because each crop growth stage is affected differently by climatic factors and because the values of these factors show an uneven seasonal distribution, the losses were greatest when changes in various climatic factors occurred during key crop developmental periods. The fittings of the relationship between crop loss and various climatic factors was often strongest based on data from key developmental periods rather than based on data for the whole year. In addition, we found improved prediction of losses using multiple regression, and developed a model for assessing crop losses. Our results provide a scientific reference for developing methods to evaluate the losses caused by agricultural drought in southern China.
相似文献19.
结合前人的研究确立河南省棉花气候适宜度模型, 对所选46个站点1961—2000年的适宜度进行计算, 分析1961—2000年全省及各站点适宜度的变化趋势, 表明1981—2000年适宜度变化趋势显著。对1981—2000年各站点适宜度的变化趋势根据变化的方向和强度进行分类, 将河南省划分为适宜度强增长型、弱增长型、减弱型。分析结果表明:河南省棉花气候适宜度总体呈下降的变化趋势, 各地的变化趋势依据热量带和地形地貌的不同有明显的地域差异。结合各地1981—2000年的气候资料对各类型的气候适宜度变化原因进行了初步分析。 相似文献