共查询到17条相似文献，搜索用时 125 毫秒
1.
利用940 nm卫星遥感数据反演大气水汽的方法比较与应用分析 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
基于940nm近红外水汽吸收带及两侧窗区通道探测大气水汽总量是自20世纪80年代兴起的卫星遥感大气水汽方法,这一方法主要利用差分吸收概念反演柱水汽总量。文章分析比较了不同反演算法各自特点和存在问题,同时针对我国不同的卫星数据进行了多次水汽反演试验,最好结果的误差为0.04g/cm2,这为FY-3气象卫星中分辨率光谱成像仪陆地大气可降水业务产品算法的开发打下了坚实基础。 相似文献
2.
3.
中国新一代地球静止气象卫星风云四号A星（FY-4A）搭载的干涉式大气垂直探测仪（Geostationary Interferometric Infrared Sounder, GIIRS）以红外高光谱干涉分光方式探测三维大气温湿结构,取得了在静止轨道上探测大气的突破性进展。地基全球导航卫星系统（Global Navigation Satellite System,GNSS）是一种连续监测大气可降水量（Precipitable Water Vapor,PWV）的有效手段,基于2018年6—8月中国地基GNSS站监测的PWV和FY-4A/GIIRS水汽廓线的业务产品以及常规无线电探空资料,开展GNSS/PWV与FY-4A/GIIRS水汽廓线快速融合应用,以提高卫星资料反演大气水汽廓线的精度。结果表明:与常规无线电探空相比,FY-4A/GIIRS水汽廓线产品在大气低层均方根误差（Root Mean Square Error,RMSE）为4.5 g/kg,700 hPa为2.4 g/kg,500 hPa以上因水汽含量较低RSME小于1.5 g/kg。GNSS/PWV与FY-4A/GIIRS水汽廓线融合后,FY-4A/GIIRS水汽廓线误差整层RMSE减小20%,从近地层到600 hPa RMSE平均减小20%—25%,尤其是850—700 hPa改善最明显,极大改善了卫星水汽反演资料的可用性。对一次多系统影响的暴雨天气过程应用分析表明,GNSS/PWV和FY-4A/GIIRS融合产品可获得高时、空密度的大气水汽廓线,对强降水的临近预报有非常重要的支撑作用。 相似文献
4.
利用太阳光度计反演渤海湾西岸大气柱水汽总量 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
利用CE-318型太阳光度计936nm水汽吸收通道的太阳辐射观测值和太阳光度计在该通道的透过率与水汽量关系，采用瞬态法反演了渤海湾西岸大气柱水汽总量。结果表明：利用太阳光度计936nm通道可以反演晴空大气柱水汽总量，其局限性是要在晴空下使用；渤海湾西岸大气柱水汽含量时间分布极不均匀；不同季节晴空日的水汽含量日变化有所不同。 相似文献
5.
利用太阳辐射计940nm通道反演大气柱水汽总量 总被引：7，自引：4，他引：7
利用太阳辐射计CE318近红外940nm水汽吸收通道和临近窗区道反演大气柱水汽总量，由于大气在940nm附近有水汽吸收。该通道不能采用通常Langley法处理，而采用改进的Langley法。利用MODTRAN3．7模式模拟出太阳辐射940nm通道透过率与水汽量关系常数，考虑了通道的光谱响应函数和不同大气模式的影响，模拟结果表明穿通道（小于10nm)上述关系常数受大气模式影响不大。总消光剔除气溶胶和分子散射，就得出水汽的透过率，从透过率反演水汽量。处理了敦煌和青海湖辐射校正场1999年7月场大气特征测量兼FY－1C辐射定标期间的数据，反演的平均水汽量与探空水汽积分比较，差异在12％以内。还计算出一天中不同时刻的水汽量，给出了同步观测6天卫星过顶前后15min平均水汽量，该水汽量用于FY－1C卫星遥感器辐射定标时辐射传输模式输入参数。结果表明太阳辐射计是一种便携有效测量水汽量仪器。 相似文献
6.
7.
基于水汽吸收波段云的反射率主要依赖于云粒子大小的原理,利用SBDART辐射传输模式和FY-3A极轨气象卫星可见光红外扫描辐射计(VIRR)的通道3(3.7μm)、中分辨率光谱成像仪(MERSI)的通道6(1.64μm)和通道7(2.13μm)所提供的探测数据进行了水云有效粒子半径的反演和比较。发现,1.64、2.13和3.7μm三个通道均能定最反演有效粒子半径的大小,其中1.64和2.13μm通道对大粒子的敏感性较高,3.7μm通道在光学厚度较小时敏感性好。三个通道的有效粒子半径反演产品与MODIS有效粒子半径产品具有较好的相关性。 相似文献
8.
利用MODTRAN辐射传输模式,结合FY-2E星载辐射计红外分裂窗通道的光谱响应特征,计算了中纬度的夏、冬季晴空大气情况下,卫星观测亮温度对大气水汽及气溶胶的敏感性。在模拟条件下,计算星载辐射计红外通道温度灵敏度(0.2 K)对应的大气水汽及气溶胶含量变化的临界值分别为0.42 g/cm2和0.25。以此为参照值,利用FY-2E晴空大气可降水量产品及MODIS大气气溶胶产品实际数据,分析了在导风模块常用尺度(80 km×80 km)内大气水汽、气溶胶含量的变化引起FY-2E星载辐射计红外分裂窗通道观测亮温度差异超过星载辐射计红外通道的温度灵敏度的可能性,结果表明实际大气存在满足上述临界值条件的情况。研究结果为把晴空大气水汽、气溶胶作为卫星红外云图上的晴空区导风示踪物,提供了理论和实际依据。 相似文献
9.
FY-1C极轨气象卫星扫描辐射仪第10通道的观测波长为0.90~0.965μm，位于弱水汽吸收区，邻近的第2通道观测波长为0.84~0.89μm，位于大气窗区。该文根据R.Frouin提出的算法，用FY-1C资料实现了近红外水汽吸收区和窗区两个通道联合反演水汽总含量。所用的反演关系式为
10.
FY-2D静止气象卫星OLR反演模式 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
介绍FY-2D卫星OLR反演模式的建立过程以及模式与NOAA卫星OLR反演模式的相互对比,包括:地球大气红外辐射传输方程,全球3812条大气廓线的大气顶射出辐射率、射出长波辐射通量密度的模拟计算,3812条廓线FY-2D窗区通道1、2、水汽通道的通道辐射率模拟计算,通道辐射率的临边变暗订正关系式的确立、3个通道波段的窄波段辐射通量密度的模拟计算.通过3812条廓线的窄波段辐射通量密度与OLR的X-Y坐标散点图,建立OLR回归关系式;并通过NOAA-17 AVHRR通道5 OLR反演模式与FY-2D窗区通道2 OLR反演模式形式的互比,得出两星的OLR反演模式接近,给出2007年2～4月OLR产品个例和产品精度分析. 相似文献
11.
正1Key Laboratory of Radiometric Calibration and Validation for Environmental Satellites,China Meteorological Administration, Beijing 100081, China2National Satellite Meteorological Center, China Meteorological Administration, Beijing 100081, China 相似文献
12.
The Visible and Infrared Spin-Scan Radiometer(VISSR) onboard the Fengyun-2(FY-2) satellite can provide valuable thermal infrared observations to help create a precipitable water vapor(PWV) product with high spatial and temporal resolutions. The current FY-2/VISSR PWV product in operation is produced by using a traditional two-band physical split-window(PSW) method, which produces low quality results under dry atmospheric conditions. Based on the sensitivity characteristics of FY-2 F/VISSR water vapor channel and two split-window channels to atmospheric water vapor, this study developed a new, robust operational PWV retrieval algorithm for FY-2 F to improve the operational precision of the current PWV product. The algorithm uses a modified three-band PSW method, which adds a scale for the water vapor channel in the improved three-band PSW method. Integrated PWV products from the radiosonde data in 2016 are used here to validate the precision of the PWV retrieved by the modified three-band and traditional two-band PSW methods. The mean bias, root mean square error(RMSE), and correlation coefficient of the PWV retrieved by the modified three-band PSW method are 0.28 mm, 4.53 mm, and 0.969, respectively. The accuracy is much better than the PWV retrieved by the two-band method, whose mean bias, RMSE, and correlation coefficient are 12.67 mm, 29.35 mm, and 0.23. Especially, in mid-or high-latitude regions, the RMSE of the PWV is improved from 10 to 2 mm by changing the inversion in the two-band method to the modified three-band PSW method. Furthermore, the modified three-band PSW results show a better consistency with the radiosonde PWV at any zonal belt and season than the two-band PSW results. This new algorithm could significantly improve the quality of the current FY-2 F/VISSR PWV product, especially at sites where the actual PWV are lower than 15 mm. 相似文献
13.
应用全球定位系统、太阳光度计和探空仪探测大气水汽总量的对比分析 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
介绍了应用全球定位系统(GPS)和太阳光度计估算大气水汽总量的方法。大气中的水汽会对GPS信号的传播造成显著的影响,故可以利用GPS观测估算水汽总量或可降水量(PW);在近红外940 nm波段,水汽对太阳直射辐射的吸收作用会直接影响到太阳光度计观测的信号,利用水汽吸收透过率与水汽量的关系,应用太阳光度计的辐射观测资料也可以反演出无云情况下的水汽总量。将锡林浩特观象台2008年5—7月的GPS、CE-318型太阳光度计和探空仪3种观测的水汽量进行了比较,三者对水汽量的变化趋势描述较为吻合,相关系数在0.88以上,说明GPS和太阳光度计都能捕捉到大气中的水汽变化信息;但在水汽量的具体数值上存在差异。统计分析表明:相对于探空来说,GPS-PW稍高于探空值约0.18 g/cm2,太阳光度计PW值则低于探空。太阳光度计便于携带,观测简便;GPS可全天观测无需标定,利用GPS-PW对太阳光度计反演中的模拟参数进行校正是一种可行的方法。 相似文献
14.
Fengyun-3 D(FY-3 D) satellite is the latest polar-orbiting meteorological satellite launched by China and carries 10 instruments onboard. Its microwave temperature sounder(MWTS) and microwave humidity sounder(MWHS) can acquire a total of 28 channels of brightness temperatures, providing rich information for profiling atmospheric temperature and moisture. However, due to a lack of two important frequencies at 23.8 and 31.4 GHz, it is difficult to retrieve the total precipitable water vapor(TPW) and cloud liquid water path(CLW) from FY-3 D microwave sounder data as commonly done for other microwave sounding instruments. Using the channel similarity between Suomi National Polar-orbiting Partnership(NPP) advanced technology microwave sounder(ATMS) and FY-3 D microwave sounding instruments, a machine learning(ML) technique is used to generate the two missing low-frequency channels of MWTS and MWHS. Then, a new dataset named as combined microwave sounder(CMWS) is obtained,which has the same channel setting as ATMS but the spatial resolution is consistent with MWTS. A statistical inversion method is adopted to retrieve TPW and CLW over oceans from the FY-3 D CMWS. The intercomparison between different satellites shows that the inversion products of FY-3 D CMWS and Suomi NPP ATMS have good consistency in magnitude and distribution. The correlation coefficients of retrieved TPW and CLW between CMWS and ATMS can reach 0.95 and 0.85, respectively. 相似文献
15.
In this paper a method is described of retrieving precipitable water from sun-photometermeasurements.The quantitative relationship between water vapor transmission and precipitablewater is established by means of LOWTRAN 7 model.Calibration of the water vapor absorptionchannel is made through a modified Langley method.The good agreement between the sun-photometer and radiosonde water vapor retrieval indicates that this method is feasible.The sun-photometer is operated at Hefei to monitor the precipitable water within one yearperiod.Characteristics of both diurnal evolution and within-one-year variation of the precipitablewater and their relation with synoptic system as well as surface dew-point temperature arepresented and analyzed.Errors in the retrieved precipitable water from the sun-photometermeasurements are also calculated and discussed. 相似文献
16.
大气可降水量在研究大气辐射和吸收,以及全球的热量输送,尤其是暴雨的预报预测等方面都发挥着重要作用。应用2015年章丘站GPS/MET、微波辐射计和L波段探空3种设备反演的大气可降水量数据,比较了三者之间的偏差特征。结果表明：GPS/MET、微波辐射计和L波段探空3种设备反演的大气可降水量变化趋势一致,但也存在明显的系统偏差,量值从大到小分别是GPS/MET、微波辐射计、L波段探空。三者之间的偏差在春夏秋冬四季的差值都较为稳定;GPS/MET比微波辐射计偏大4.5 mm左右,不会因为季节的改变而明显地增大或减小。但标准差最大是夏季,其次是秋季,冬季最小。由于12：00 UTC水汽含量大于00：00 UTC,造成3种探测手段反演的大气可降水量在12：00 UTC的标准差几乎总是大于00：00 UTC,而相对偏差小于等于00：00 UTC。 相似文献
17.
The high observation efficiency, scanning speed and observation frequency of the Fengyun-4A (FY-4A) satellite indicates the progress of Chinese geostationary meteorological satellites. The characteristics of FY-4A atmospheric motion vectors (AMVs) derived from the high-level water vapor (WV-High) channel, mid-level water vapor (WV-Mid) channel, and infrared (IR) channel of FY-4A are analyzed, and their corresponding observation errors estimated. Then, the impacts of single-channel and multi-channel FY-4A AMVs on RMAPS-ST (the Rapid-refresh Multi-scale Analysis and Prediction System—Short Term) are evaluated based on one-month data assimilation cycling and forecasting experiments. Results show that the observation errors of FY-4A AMVs from the three channels have an explicit vertical structure. Results from the cycling experiments indicate that the assimilation of AMVs from WV-High produces more apparent improvement of the wind in the upper layer, while a more positive effect in the lower layer is achieved by the assimilation of AMVs from IR. Furthermore, the assimilation of AMVs from IR is more skillful for medium and moderate precipitation than from other channels owing to the good quality of data in the lower layer in the AMVs from IR. Assimilation of FY-4A AMVs from the three channels could combine the advantages of assimilation from each individual channel to improve the wind in the upper, middle and lower layers simultaneously. 相似文献