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1.
2014年7月大气环流和天气分析 总被引：5，自引：2，他引：3
提2014年7月环流特征如下：北半球高纬地区为单一极涡,中高纬地区呈5波型分布,巴尔喀什湖附近低槽和东亚大槽强度均较常年偏强;西北太平洋副热带高压带呈东西带状分布,强度与常年同期相当。7月全国平均降水量115．0 mm,较常年同期（120．6 mm）偏少4．6％;全国平均气温为22．3℃,较常年同期（21．9℃）偏高0．4℃。月内共出现8次强降水过程,多站出现极端日降水量。7月共有5个热带气旋（风力8级以上）在西北太平洋和南海活动,生成个数较常年偏多,并有“威马逊”、“麦德姆”2个热带气旋登陆。华南、江南等地出现持续高温天气,全国87个气象观测站发生极端高温事件,74站发生极端日降水量事件。 相似文献
2.
2014年10月大气环流和天气分析 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
2014年10月大气环流特征如下：北半球高纬地区极涡为单极型,中高纬地区为5波型分布,南支槽偏北,西太平洋副热带高压与常年相当。10月,全国平均降水量29．5 mm,较常年同期（35．8 mm）偏少17．6％;全国平均气温11．2℃,较常年同期（10．3℃）偏高0．9℃。甘肃南部、东北东部和京津冀等地共有51站发生极端日降温事件,东北地区共有17站发生极端连续降温事件。月内共有3次强降水过程,其中,10月27—31日,海南及四川盆地、贵州至长江中下游一带出现大到暴雨天气过程,局地大暴雨到特大暴雨。10月,冷空气势力较弱,有两次主要冷空气过程影响我国。我国中东部出现4次大范围雾霾天气。江西、湖南南部和东部、广东大部、福建南部和西部、广西东部等地存在中度气象干旱。 相似文献
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12月,全国平均气温为-3.2℃,比常年同期(-3.9℃)偏高0.7℃;全国平均降水量为7.6mm,较常年同期(10.0mm)偏少。月内,我国中东部地区多发生大雾天气;青海部分地区发生雪灾,广西遭受冻害;热带风暴尤特袭击西沙群岛;华北干旱缓和,云南干旱持续。1全国大部地区月降水量偏少或接近常年同期12月,月降水量,黄淮南部、江淮、江汉、江南、华南大部、西南地区东北部等地在10mm以上,其中江南东南部、华南东部等地有30~100mm,全国其余地区不足10mm,东北西部以及新疆中部和南部、内蒙古西部等地基本无降水。与常年同期相比,新疆西南部和东部、青海大部、甘… 相似文献
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——— 2 0 0 4年 9月9月全国大部地区降水量接近常年同期或偏少 ;四川、重庆等地出现大到暴雨、局地大暴雨天气 ;0 4 2 1号热带风暴“海马”和第 6号热带低压在我国登陆 ;黑龙江东北部、广西北部等地有旱情。月内 ,全国大部地区气温接近常年同期或稍偏高。1 天气概况1 1 降水月降水量 ,西南地区东部和南部、陕西南部、山东南部、湖北西部、河南西部、浙江大部、福建大部、广东东部及海南等地一般在1 0 0mm以上 ,其中重庆北部、四川东部、云南西南部、福建和浙江两省的沿海等地一般有2 0 0～ 30 0mm ,局部地区超过 30 0mm。其余地区一般… 相似文献
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2015年9月大气环流和天气分析 总被引：1，自引：1，他引：0
2015年9月环流特征如下：北半球高纬地区极涡为单极型,中高纬地区为3波型分布,西北太平洋副热带高压偏西且断裂,9月全国平均降水量为72.4 mm,比常年同期（65.3 mm）偏多14.0%;全国9月平均气温为16.9℃,较常年同期(16.6℃)偏高0.3℃。 月内共有6次强降水过程,24站出现了极端日降水量。西北太平洋和南海有4个台风生成,1517号台风基洛从中太平洋移入,1521号台风杜鹃两次登陆我国并带来大范围降水。西北东部及内蒙古中部等地气象干旱缓解,黄淮大部及辽宁等地气象干旱持续发展。全国多地遭受雷雨大风、冰雹等强对流天气袭击。 相似文献
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《气象》2021,(9)
2021年6月北半球的大气环流主要特征表现为,极涡呈单极型分布,较常年同期偏强;欧洲上空500 hPa位势高度场较常年同期显著偏高,西太平洋副热带高压位置南北变化较大。6月全国平均降水量91.5 mm,较历史常年同期偏少8%,江南大部、华南北部、江淮地区较常年偏少2～5成,局部地区偏少5成以上;内蒙古北部、黑龙江西部地区以及吉林东部、辽宁中东部偏多5成以上。全国平均气温20.8℃,较历史同期略偏高,其中河南北部、江苏中部以及青海南部地区气温较常年同期偏高达到了 2℃以上。本月内有8次区域性暴雨天气过程,极端降水量出现区域分散。6月共有2个台风生成,接近历史同期水平,没有台风登陆我国。6月我国黄淮西部、江淮东部以及华南南部等地共44个站发生极端高温事件,4个站日最高气温突破历史同期极值。 相似文献
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利用日降水资料(08—08时)和常规天气图资料,以1981—2010年30 a平均降水量为气候态,统计2014年4—10月我国主要暴雨天气过程,概述各主要暴雨过程的重要影响系统、出现时段、范围及累积降水量。结果表明:2014年4—10月我国共出现194个暴雨日,32次主要暴雨过程。5—9月为我国主汛期,国内每天基本上都有暴雨发生,主要暴雨过程也基本上集中在这5个月。2014年共有5个台风登陆我国,数量偏少但强度偏大,1409号超强台风"威马逊(Rammasun)"造成海南昌江578 mm的当年全国最大日降水量。2014年华南前汛期开始早、雨量多,5月暴雨日数和主要暴雨过程次数均高于近6年平均,广东东南部较常年同期降水量偏多1~2倍,暴雨过程频发,深圳遭遇2008年以来最强暴雨。9月8—18日,四川盆地东北部、陕西中南部、河南等地共有百余站出现极端连续降水日数和连续降水量事件。 相似文献
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2019年1月大气环流主要特征为：北半球极涡呈偶极型分布,环流呈三波型,南支槽平均位置大致位于90°E附近,同时,西太平洋副热带高压较常年同期位置偏西,强度偏强。本月,全国平均降水量为14.0 mm,较常年同期（13.5 mm）偏多4%,月内出现三次较强降水过程,江南和西南部分地区降水明显,全国共有35站日降水量达到极端事件标准。全国平均气温为-4.1℃,较常年同期（-5.0℃）偏高0.9℃,共出现4次冷空气过程。本月共发生2次大范围雾 霾天气过程。 相似文献
10.
2012年12月主要环流特征如下:极涡呈单极型分布,中高纬环流经向度大,有利于引导冷空气南下;南支槽活跃,副热带高压强度偏强位置偏西.12月,全国平均降水量为17.6mm,较常年同期(10.5mm)偏多67.6％;全国平均气温-4.4℃,较常年同期(-3.2℃)偏低1.2℃,其中北京平均气温为历史同期最低值.月内,共有五次明显冷空气过程和四次降水过程影响我国;多个地区出现极端低温和极端日降温事件,北方部分地区遭受雪灾,江南、华南等地多阴雨寡照天气. 相似文献
11.
The spatial and temporal variations of daily maximum temperature(Tmax), daily minimum temperature(Tmin), daily maximum precipitation(Pmax) and daily maximum wind speed(WSmax) were examined in China using Mann-Kendall test and linear regression method. The results indicated that for China as a whole, Tmax, Tmin and Pmax had significant increasing trends at rates of 0.15℃ per decade, 0.45℃ per decade and 0.58 mm per decade,respectively, while WSmax had decreased significantly at 1.18 m·s~(-1) per decade during 1959—2014. In all regions of China, Tmin increased and WSmax decreased significantly. Spatially, Tmax increased significantly at most of the stations in South China(SC), northwestern North China(NC), northeastern Northeast China(NEC), eastern Northwest China(NWC) and eastern Southwest China(SWC), and the increasing trends were significant in NC, SC, NWC and SWC on the regional average. Tmin increased significantly at most of the stations in China, with notable increase in NEC, northern and southeastern NC and northwestern and eastern NWC. Pmax showed no significant trend at most of the stations in China, and on the regional average it decreased significantly in NC but increased in SC, NWC and the mid-lower Yangtze River valley(YR). WSmax decreased significantly at the vast majority of stations in China, with remarkable decrease in northern NC, northern and central YR, central and southern SC and in parts of central NEC and western NWC. With global climate change and rapidly economic development, China has become more vulnerable to climatic extremes and meteorological disasters, so more strategies of mitigation and/or adaptation of climatic extremes,such as environmentally-friendly and low-cost energy production systems and the enhancement of engineering defense measures are necessary for government and social publics. 相似文献
12.
Observed daily precipitation data from the National Meteorological Observatory in Hainan province and daily data from the National Centers for Environmental Prediction/National Center for Atmospheric Research (NCEP/NCAR) reanalysis-2 dataset from 1981 to 2014 are used to analyze the relationship between Hainan extreme heavy rainfall processes in autumn (referred to as EHRPs) and 10–30 d low-frequency circulation. Based on the key low-frequency signals and the NCEP Climate Forecast System Version 2 (CFSv2) model forecasting products, a dynamical-statistical method is established for the extended-range forecast of EHRPs. The results suggest that EHRPs have a close relationship with the 10–30 d low-frequency oscillation of 850 hPa zonal wind over Hainan Island and to its north, and that they basically occur during the trough phase of the low-frequency oscillation of zonal wind. The latitudinal propagation of the low-frequency wave train in the middle-high latitudes and the meridional propagation of the low-frequency wave train along the coast of East Asia contribute to the ‘north high (cold), south low (warm)’ pattern near Hainan Island, which results in the zonal wind over Hainan Island and to its north reaching its trough, consequently leading to EHRPs. Considering the link between low-frequency circulation and EHRPs, a low-frequency wave train index (LWTI) is defined and adopted to forecast EHRPs by using NCEP CFSv2 forecasting products. EHRPs are predicted to occur during peak phases of LWTI with value larger than 1 for three or more consecutive forecast days. Hindcast experiments for EHRPs in 2015–2016 indicate that EHRPs can be predicted 8–24 d in advance, with an average period of validity of 16.7 d. 相似文献
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Based on the measurements obtained at 64 national meteorological stations in the Beijing–Tianjin–Hebei (BTH) region between 1970 and 2013, the potential evapotranspiration (ET0) in this region was estimated using the Penman–Monteith equation and its sensitivity to maximum temperature (Tmax), minimum temperature (Tmin), wind speed (Vw), net radiation (Rn) and water vapor pressure (Pwv) was analyzed, respectively. The results are shown as follows. (1) The climatic elements in the BTH region underwent significant changes in the study period. Vw and Rn decreased significantly, whereas Tmin, Tmax and Pwv increased considerably. (2) In the BTH region, ET0 also exhibited a significant decreasing trend, and the sensitivity of ET0 to the climatic elements exhibited seasonal characteristics. Of all the climatic elements, ET0 was most sensitive to Pwv in the fall and winter and Rn in the spring and summer. On the annual scale, ET0 was most sensitive to Pwv, followed by Rn, Vw, Tmax and Tmin. In addition, the sensitivity coefficient of ET0 with respect to Pwv had a negative value for all the areas, indicating that increases in Pwv can prevent ET0 from increasing. (3) The sensitivity of ET0 to Tmin and Tmax was significantly lower than its sensitivity to other climatic elements. However, increases in temperature can lead to changes in Pwv and Rn. The temperature should be considered the key intrinsic climatic element that has caused the "evaporation paradox" phenomenon in the BTH region. 相似文献
14.
Storms that occur at the Bay of Bengal (BoB) are of a bimodal pattern, which is different from that of the other sea areas. By using the NCEP, SST and JTWC data, the causes of the bimodal pattern storm activity of the BoB are diagnosed and analyzed in this paper. The result shows that the seasonal variation of general atmosphere circulation in East Asia has a regulating and controlling impact on the BoB storm activity, and the “bimodal period” of the storm activity corresponds exactly to the seasonal conversion period of atmospheric circulation. The minor wind speed of shear spring and autumn contributed to the storm, which was a crucial factor for the generation and occurrence of the “bimodal pattern” storm activity in the BoB. The analysis on sea surface temperature (SST) shows that the SSTs of all the year around in the BoB area meet the conditions required for the generation of tropical cyclones (TCs). However, the SSTs in the central area of the bay are higher than that of the surrounding areas in spring and autumn, which facilitates the occurrence of a “two-peak” storm activity pattern. The genesis potential index (GPI) quantifies and reflects the environmental conditions for the generation of the BoB storms. For GPI, the intense low-level vortex disturbance in the troposphere and high-humidity atmosphere are the sufficient conditions for storms, while large maximum wind velocity of the ground vortex radius and small vertical wind shear are the necessary conditions of storms. 相似文献
15.
Yuepeng PAN Mengna GU Yuexin HE Dianming WU Chunyan LIU Linlin SONG Shili TIAN Xuemei Lü Yang SUN Tao SONG Wendell W. WALTERS Xuejun LIU Nicholas A. MARTIN Qianqian ZHANG Yunting FANG Valerio FERRACCI Yuesi WANG 《大气科学进展》2020,37(9):933-938
正While China’s Air Pollution Prevention and Control Action Plan on particulate matter since 2013 has reduced sulfate significantly, aerosol ammonium nitrate remains high in East China. As the high nitrate abundances are strongly linked with ammonia, reducing ammonia emissions is becoming increasingly important to improve the air quality of China. Although satellite data provide evidence of substantial increases in atmospheric ammonia concentrations over major agricultural regions, long-term surface observation of ammonia concentrations are sparse. In addition, there is still no consensus on 相似文献
16.
《大气和海洋科学快报》2013,(1):67
正AIMS AND SCOPE Atmospheric and Oceanic Science Letters (AOSL) publishes short research letters on all disciplines of the atmosphere sciences and physical oceanography. Contributions from all over the world are welcome.SUBMISSIONAll submitted 相似文献
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<正>With the support of specialized funds for national science institutions,the Guangzhou Institute of Tropical and Marine Meteorology,China Meteorological Administration set up in October 2008 an experiment base for marine meteorology and a number of observation systems for the coastal boundary layer,air-sea flux,marine environmental elements,and basic meteorological elements at Bohe town,Maoming city,Guangdong province,in the northern part of the South China Sea. 相似文献
19.
《大气和海洋科学快报》2014,7(6):F0003-F0003
AIMS AND SCOPE
Atmospheric and Oceanic Science Letters （AOSL） publishes short research letters on all disciplines of the atmosphere sciences and physical oceanography. Contributions from all over the world are welcome. 相似文献
Atmospheric and Oceanic Science Letters （AOSL） publishes short research letters on all disciplines of the atmosphere sciences and physical oceanography. Contributions from all over the world are welcome. 相似文献
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《大气和海洋科学快报》2014,(5):F0003-F0003
AIMS AND SCOPE Atmospheric and Oceanic Science Letters （AOSL） pub- lishes short research letters on all disciplines of the atmos- phere sciences and physical oceanography. Contributions from all over the world are welcome. 相似文献