共查询到20条相似文献，搜索用时 62 毫秒
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利用常规观测资料、自动站加密观测资料、NCEP1°×1°逐日再分析资料和济南多普勒雷达资料,对2015年8月3—4日聊城市一次强降雨天气过程进行分析。结果表明:此次强降水天气的主要影响系统有500hPa西风槽、850~700hPa切变线、850hPa西南急流;降水前边界层逆温层有利于不稳定能量积聚,是产生雷电、大风的有利条件;强降水前低层大气高温、高湿,冷空气从700~850hPa入侵,触发不稳定能量释放造成强降水;850hPa以下水汽大量积聚到鲁西北地区,强水汽输送为本次强降水的发生提供了有利的水汽条件;降水时间内整层大气都存在强上升运动,加强了低层水汽辐合和不稳定能量释放;雷达回波显示本次强降水过程分为2个时段,3日14:16—15:37主要为对流性降水,3日16:01—4日00:00为层状云降水。 相似文献
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通过常规观测资料、NCEP1°×1°再分析资料和加密自动站资料,对2012年7月7—10日连续发生在鲁东南地区的两次大暴雨过程进行了成因分析。分析表明：副热带高压的西伸北抬和稳定维持使西南低空急流长时间维持为大暴雨连续发生提供了充足的水汽和能量。第一次过程鲁东南位于切变线南侧和西南急流左侧;第二次过程鲁东南位于低涡东南象限和地面气旋东北象限。强降水中心位于850hPa高能舌顶端和925hPa高能中心重合处。第一次过程无明显冷空气,是边界层的强辐合和上升运动造成了强降水;第二次过程近地面有冷空气侵入,辐合和上升运动中心到达700hPa把水汽输送到较高的高度,有利于高效率降水的产生。 相似文献
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山东一次区域性暴雨中尺度特征分析 总被引：6，自引：0，他引：6
利用常规资料、地面自动站资料、FY2C卫星云图TBB和多普勒天气雷达资料,对2009年5月9—10日发生在山东的春季区域性暴雨进行分析和研究。结果表明:①强降水是在低层冷空气和深厚西南暖湿气流交汇的过程中产生的,副高异常偏强,制约850～700hPa切变线和地面辐合线停滞少动,产生较长时间的降水。②地面辐合线的形成和维持激发了边界层的辐合上升运动,为暴雨区提供了充足的水汽,冷空气从边界层楔入,与暖湿气流汇合并抬升暖湿气流辐合上升,使上升运动加强,降水增幅。③中尺度对流系统是造成暴雨的主要中尺度系统,多个单体更迭并移经同一区域,形成"列车效应"而产生区域性暴雨。④雷达径向速度图中逆风区和不同高度(超)低空急流的大小对短时强降水预报有一定的指示意义。 相似文献
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利用卫星资料、航天主着陆场区观探测资料和NCEP的1o×1o再分析资料,对场区2012年6月一次极端降水事件进行研究。结果表明：极端降水是在异常偏强的冷、暖空气交汇对峙过程中产生的;500 hPa为贝加尔湖低涡东南部西南气流,850 hPa为东北-西南向冷切变,高空构成北槽南涡形势,地面由前期冷锋演变为后期地面倒槽;大气高温高湿,中层对流不稳定;异常偏强的冷空气来自北方,从底层楔入,一方面与暖湿空气汇合产生辐合上升,另一方面抬升暖湿气流,使上升运动加剧,降水增加。由于暖湿气流势力偏强,冷空气在南下过程中减弱变性,移速减慢,鄂霍次克海阻塞高压脊稳定少动,促使冷暖空气在场区对峙时间延长,异常降水事件出现。 相似文献
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王红军 《沙漠与绿洲气象(新疆气象)》2013,7(4):14-20
利用卫星资料、航天主着陆场区观探测资料和NCEP1白1?再分析资料,对场区2012年6月一次极端降水事件进行研究。结果表明：极端降水是在异常偏强的冷、暖空气交汇对峙过程中产生的;500hPa为贝加尔湖低涡东南部西南气流,850hPa为东北～西南向冷切变,高空构成北槽南涡形势,地面由前期冷锋演变为后期地面倒槽;大气高温高湿,中层对流不稳定;异常偏强的冷空气来自北方,从底层楔入,一方面与暖湿空气汇合产生辐合上升,另一方面抬升暖湿气流,使上升运动加剧,降水增加。由于暖湿气流势力异常偏强,冷空气在南下过程中减弱变性,移速减慢,鄂霍次克海阻塞高压脊稳定少动,促使冷暖空气在场区对峙时间延长,异常降水事件出现。 相似文献
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利用NCEP1°×1°再分析资料、国家气象卫星中心云顶亮温和地面加密观测资料对2013年7月21—22日发生在陕南的暴雨天气过程进行中尺度诊断分析。结果表明:中尺度对流复合体(MesoConvectiveComplex,下简称MCC)是此次暴雨的直接影响系统;500hPa停滞的低槽,配合对流层高层急流分支出口的强辐散及对流层低层西南低涡的动力抬升作用,形成有利于MCC生成、发展的大尺度环流背景;700hPa西南低空急流、850hPa气流的南支分量为MCC的生成、发展提供充足的水汽和能量;西南低涡的东北移动伴随有MCC云团的生消发展,MCC的发展经历了生成、发展、成熟、消散四个阶段,陕南强降水位于云顶亮温等值线密集一侧;MCC发生在高能、弱对流不稳定区;露点锋加强暴雨区的垂直上升运动,系统北部冷空气与南侧西南暖湿气流导致低层锋生,大气斜压性增大,并在陕南地区产生辐合上升,形成次级环流,又触发对流不稳定释放,相互之间有正反馈的作用。 相似文献
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利用常规观测资料、NCEP 1°×1°再分析资料、新一代天气雷达资料,对2012年3月6日-7日福建省北部地区暴雨成因进行诊断分析。结果表明:此次降水过程在高空西风槽南下带来的冷空气与西南暖湿气流交汇的背景下产生,暴雨区位于低空西南急流北侧、低层切变南侧、地面冷锋附近;强降水落区位于层结不稳定的湿区中,低层辐合、高层辐散有利于对流发展;干冷空气的侵入时高层高值位涡库向北向下伸展,促使中低层气旋涡度发展,从而导致强降水的发生;雷达回波分析表明,低层暖平流、高层冷平流、区域上空辐合形势都有利于对流性降水的产生。 相似文献
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利用常规观测资料和NCEP1°×1°6h再分析资料,对2014年7月8—9日陕北一次区域性暴雨过程进行了分析,结果表明:暴雨过程在河套北部冷空气和高原槽前的偏南暖湿气流共同作用下形成,高原槽、低涡切变是主要高空影响系统,西北路冷锋是地面的主要影响系统,降水主要发生在冷锋附近到其后部低层冷空气与高空暖湿气流交汇区域。雷达回波分析表明,暴雨过程有两个不同的降水时段,8日14—20时主要为对流性降水,回波强度大于55dBz的带状回波,造成陕北东部出现了20~50mm的降水;9日02—08时为冷锋后的层状云降水,回波以均匀的层云降水回波为主;速度图在2.4km高度上有18m/s左右的偏南急流,是降水持续的主要原因。物理量分析表明,暴雨落区与700hPa的水汽通量散度大值区对应很好;暴雨区上升运动层深厚,最大上升运动区在600hPa附近;在暴雨区北侧为冷锋后部的东北风下沉气流,同时暴雨区上空有西南风上升气流,这股气流沿着暴雨区北侧低层冷空气爬升,冷暖气流交汇,产生强降水;暴雨发生在能量锋区附近,陕北地区对流层中低层有显著锋生,有利于上升运动的加强,形成强降水。 相似文献
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利用常规气象观测资料、EC-interim逐6 h 0.5°×0.5°再分析资料、卫星云图和雷达资料,对2017年7月25—26日陕北大暴雨过程成因进行了综合诊断分析,结果表明:河套地区西风东移与副高外围暖湿气流在陕西交汇,为暴雨提供了有利的环流形势;陕北暴雨区有两支水汽输送带,700 hPa上西南风急流水汽输送以及850 hPa上偏东风急流水汽输送,为暴雨提供了充沛的水汽和能量;700 hPa上榆林东部水汽辐合抬升,加之850 hPa偏东风在东部河谷辐合爬升,造成榆林东部地区的大暴雨天气;对流条件分析发现,暴雨发生前陕北地区中低层湿度较好,850 hPa比湿达到15～17 g/kg,大气不稳定度强,850 hPa和500 hPa的温差达到28℃,假相当位温相差18℃,CAPE值达到了2 354 J/kg,充沛的水汽、能量条件为对流提供了十分有利的条件;河套东北侧弱干冷空气与西南暖湿气流在陕北形成假相当位温密集带,大气湿斜压性增强,锋生触发陕北地区不稳定能量释放,形成强降水;不稳定分析表明,在降水前期及初期,大气对流不稳定度高,随着降水的产生,对流不稳定能量释放,强降水凝结潜热对中层大气的加热作用,又使得大气斜压不稳定增强,中层大气锋生造成的垂直运动使得陕北地区的强降水持续,造成大暴雨天气。 相似文献
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The spatial and temporal variations of daily maximum temperature(Tmax), daily minimum temperature(Tmin), daily maximum precipitation(Pmax) and daily maximum wind speed(WSmax) were examined in China using Mann-Kendall test and linear regression method. The results indicated that for China as a whole, Tmax, Tmin and Pmax had significant increasing trends at rates of 0.15℃ per decade, 0.45℃ per decade and 0.58 mm per decade,respectively, while WSmax had decreased significantly at 1.18 m·s~(-1) per decade during 1959—2014. In all regions of China, Tmin increased and WSmax decreased significantly. Spatially, Tmax increased significantly at most of the stations in South China(SC), northwestern North China(NC), northeastern Northeast China(NEC), eastern Northwest China(NWC) and eastern Southwest China(SWC), and the increasing trends were significant in NC, SC, NWC and SWC on the regional average. Tmin increased significantly at most of the stations in China, with notable increase in NEC, northern and southeastern NC and northwestern and eastern NWC. Pmax showed no significant trend at most of the stations in China, and on the regional average it decreased significantly in NC but increased in SC, NWC and the mid-lower Yangtze River valley(YR). WSmax decreased significantly at the vast majority of stations in China, with remarkable decrease in northern NC, northern and central YR, central and southern SC and in parts of central NEC and western NWC. With global climate change and rapidly economic development, China has become more vulnerable to climatic extremes and meteorological disasters, so more strategies of mitigation and/or adaptation of climatic extremes,such as environmentally-friendly and low-cost energy production systems and the enhancement of engineering defense measures are necessary for government and social publics. 相似文献
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Observed daily precipitation data from the National Meteorological Observatory in Hainan province and daily data from the National Centers for Environmental Prediction/National Center for Atmospheric Research (NCEP/NCAR) reanalysis-2 dataset from 1981 to 2014 are used to analyze the relationship between Hainan extreme heavy rainfall processes in autumn (referred to as EHRPs) and 10–30 d low-frequency circulation. Based on the key low-frequency signals and the NCEP Climate Forecast System Version 2 (CFSv2) model forecasting products, a dynamical-statistical method is established for the extended-range forecast of EHRPs. The results suggest that EHRPs have a close relationship with the 10–30 d low-frequency oscillation of 850 hPa zonal wind over Hainan Island and to its north, and that they basically occur during the trough phase of the low-frequency oscillation of zonal wind. The latitudinal propagation of the low-frequency wave train in the middle-high latitudes and the meridional propagation of the low-frequency wave train along the coast of East Asia contribute to the ‘north high (cold), south low (warm)’ pattern near Hainan Island, which results in the zonal wind over Hainan Island and to its north reaching its trough, consequently leading to EHRPs. Considering the link between low-frequency circulation and EHRPs, a low-frequency wave train index (LWTI) is defined and adopted to forecast EHRPs by using NCEP CFSv2 forecasting products. EHRPs are predicted to occur during peak phases of LWTI with value larger than 1 for three or more consecutive forecast days. Hindcast experiments for EHRPs in 2015–2016 indicate that EHRPs can be predicted 8–24 d in advance, with an average period of validity of 16.7 d. 相似文献
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Based on the measurements obtained at 64 national meteorological stations in the Beijing–Tianjin–Hebei (BTH) region between 1970 and 2013, the potential evapotranspiration (ET0) in this region was estimated using the Penman–Monteith equation and its sensitivity to maximum temperature (Tmax), minimum temperature (Tmin), wind speed (Vw), net radiation (Rn) and water vapor pressure (Pwv) was analyzed, respectively. The results are shown as follows. (1) The climatic elements in the BTH region underwent significant changes in the study period. Vw and Rn decreased significantly, whereas Tmin, Tmax and Pwv increased considerably. (2) In the BTH region, ET0 also exhibited a significant decreasing trend, and the sensitivity of ET0 to the climatic elements exhibited seasonal characteristics. Of all the climatic elements, ET0 was most sensitive to Pwv in the fall and winter and Rn in the spring and summer. On the annual scale, ET0 was most sensitive to Pwv, followed by Rn, Vw, Tmax and Tmin. In addition, the sensitivity coefficient of ET0 with respect to Pwv had a negative value for all the areas, indicating that increases in Pwv can prevent ET0 from increasing. (3) The sensitivity of ET0 to Tmin and Tmax was significantly lower than its sensitivity to other climatic elements. However, increases in temperature can lead to changes in Pwv and Rn. The temperature should be considered the key intrinsic climatic element that has caused the "evaporation paradox" phenomenon in the BTH region. 相似文献
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Storms that occur at the Bay of Bengal (BoB) are of a bimodal pattern, which is different from that of the other sea areas. By using the NCEP, SST and JTWC data, the causes of the bimodal pattern storm activity of the BoB are diagnosed and analyzed in this paper. The result shows that the seasonal variation of general atmosphere circulation in East Asia has a regulating and controlling impact on the BoB storm activity, and the “bimodal period” of the storm activity corresponds exactly to the seasonal conversion period of atmospheric circulation. The minor wind speed of shear spring and autumn contributed to the storm, which was a crucial factor for the generation and occurrence of the “bimodal pattern” storm activity in the BoB. The analysis on sea surface temperature (SST) shows that the SSTs of all the year around in the BoB area meet the conditions required for the generation of tropical cyclones (TCs). However, the SSTs in the central area of the bay are higher than that of the surrounding areas in spring and autumn, which facilitates the occurrence of a “two-peak” storm activity pattern. The genesis potential index (GPI) quantifies and reflects the environmental conditions for the generation of the BoB storms. For GPI, the intense low-level vortex disturbance in the troposphere and high-humidity atmosphere are the sufficient conditions for storms, while large maximum wind velocity of the ground vortex radius and small vertical wind shear are the necessary conditions of storms. 相似文献
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Yuepeng PAN Mengna GU Yuexin HE Dianming WU Chunyan LIU Linlin SONG Shili TIAN Xuemei Lü Yang SUN Tao SONG Wendell W. WALTERS Xuejun LIU Nicholas A. MARTIN Qianqian ZHANG Yunting FANG Valerio FERRACCI Yuesi WANG 《大气科学进展》2020,37(9):933-938
正While China’s Air Pollution Prevention and Control Action Plan on particulate matter since 2013 has reduced sulfate significantly, aerosol ammonium nitrate remains high in East China. As the high nitrate abundances are strongly linked with ammonia, reducing ammonia emissions is becoming increasingly important to improve the air quality of China. Although satellite data provide evidence of substantial increases in atmospheric ammonia concentrations over major agricultural regions, long-term surface observation of ammonia concentrations are sparse. In addition, there is still no consensus on 相似文献
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《大气和海洋科学快报》2013,(1):67
正AIMS AND SCOPE Atmospheric and Oceanic Science Letters (AOSL) publishes short research letters on all disciplines of the atmosphere sciences and physical oceanography. Contributions from all over the world are welcome.SUBMISSIONAll submitted 相似文献
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<正>With the support of specialized funds for national science institutions,the Guangzhou Institute of Tropical and Marine Meteorology,China Meteorological Administration set up in October 2008 an experiment base for marine meteorology and a number of observation systems for the coastal boundary layer,air-sea flux,marine environmental elements,and basic meteorological elements at Bohe town,Maoming city,Guangdong province,in the northern part of the South China Sea. 相似文献
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《大气和海洋科学快报》2014,7(6):F0003-F0003
AIMS AND SCOPE
Atmospheric and Oceanic Science Letters （AOSL） publishes short research letters on all disciplines of the atmosphere sciences and physical oceanography. Contributions from all over the world are welcome. 相似文献
Atmospheric and Oceanic Science Letters （AOSL） publishes short research letters on all disciplines of the atmosphere sciences and physical oceanography. Contributions from all over the world are welcome. 相似文献
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《大气和海洋科学快报》2014,(5):F0003-F0003
AIMS AND SCOPE Atmospheric and Oceanic Science Letters （AOSL） pub- lishes short research letters on all disciplines of the atmos- phere sciences and physical oceanography. Contributions from all over the world are welcome. 相似文献