共查询到20条相似文献，搜索用时 46 毫秒
1.
2003年淮河洪涝与西太副高异常及成因的关系 总被引：12，自引：8，他引：12
分析了2003年夏季西太平洋副热带高压的异常特征,结果表明,副高总体偏强、偏西,长时间在24 °N南北2个纬距范围内摆动,导致淮河流域30多天的连续强降水.并对2003年淮河洪涝与西太副高异常及其成因作了初步分析:(1) 南半球中高纬的冷空气活动、90 °E附近越赤道气流偏弱和赤道辐合带偏弱、偏南是造成淮河流域雨带稳定和降水集中的重要原因;(2) 6月下旬～7月上旬亚洲极涡偏强和冷空气活动可能是淮河流域出现强降水又是副高位置变化的主要影响因子;(3) 由高低空急流耦合在淮河流域产生持久的上升运动是淮河流域强降水的主要物理机制;(4) 地表潜热释放是使副高加强和维持的主要热力因子之一. 相似文献
2.
《沙漠与绿洲气象(新疆气象)》2017,(4)
基于NCEP/NCAR再分析资料,分析西北太平洋热带辐合区上升运动(ITCZω)与越赤道气流和澳大利亚高压之间的关系,并给出了三者在2003、2007年淮河流域强降水的异常特征。结果表明越赤道气流对西北太平洋ITCZω的影响主要反映在对其强度的影响,对其位置的影响不明显。总体上来说,925 h Pa上各支越赤道气流强度与西北太平洋ITCZω强度的相关性都要好于850 h Pa;ITCZω强度与澳大利亚高压强度的相关只在对流层低层可以通过95%的信度检验。2003、2007年淮河流域强降水期间,90°E及以东的越赤道气流偏弱;澳大利亚高压强度也偏弱;对应ITCZω偏弱、偏南;2003、2007年90°E、105°E、150°E附近越赤道气流的强度较多年平均都要偏弱,2007年125°E附近越赤道气流的强度较多年平均也较弱;2007年ITCZω偏弱的程度要大于2003年;2007年南半球冷空气偏弱持续的时间虽然长于2003年,但偏弱的程度却小于2003年。 相似文献
3.
2010年辽宁主汛期暴雨过程副高、急流及层结特征分析 总被引：3，自引：0，他引：3
利用辽宁逐日降雨量、NCEP/NCAR逐日再分析资料、副热带高压等资料,对2010年6-8月西太平洋副热带高压脊线、北界、西界和高、低空急流及层结结构的特征与6次暴雨过程的起止时间、降雨强度、降雨性质的关系进行了分析.结果表明:2010年7-8月110°～130°E平均副热带高压脊线在81％的时间较常年同期偏北,平均副高脊线位置较常年偏北了2.7°;6次暴雨发生期间,副高脊线均位于27°～35°N之间,130°E附近副高588 dagpm线北界均位于38°～45°N之间,35°N附近副高588 dagpm线西界均位于110°～130°E之间;强降雨主要出现在850hPa低空急流建立下,200 hPa高空急流发展到最强后、强度逐渐减弱、急流核逐渐南下的过程中;在分析特征的基础上,凝练预报指标,为今后类似的区域性暴雨预报提供参考. 相似文献
4.
隋晓霞 《沙漠与绿洲气象(新疆气象)》2017,11(4):54-61
利用NCEP/NCAR资料研究了西北太平洋热带辐合带区上升运动（ITCZω）与越赤道气流、澳大利亚高压之间的关系及其在2003和2007年淮河流域强降水中的异常特征。结果表明越赤道气流对西北太平洋ITCZω的影响主要反映在对其强度的影响,对其位置的影响不明显。总体上来说,925hPa上各支越赤道越气流强度与西北太平洋ITCZω强度的相关性都要好于850hPa; ITCZω强度与澳大利亚高压强度的相关在对流层低层过95%的信度检验。2003和2007年淮河流域强降水期间90°E以及以东的越赤道气流偏弱;澳大利亚高压强度偏弱;ITCZω偏弱、偏南; 2003和2007年90°E、105°E和150°E附近越赤道气流的强度较多年平均都要偏弱,2007年125°E附近越赤道气流的强度较多年平均也较弱;2007年ITCZω偏弱的程度要大于2003年;2007年南半球冷空气偏弱持续的时间虽然长于2003年,但偏弱的程度却小于2003年。 相似文献
5.
利用NCEP/NCAR再分析资料和中国台风网提供的2005年台风资料，研究了2005年夏季台风登陆及中国东部频发性台风暴雨的环流特征及南北半球环流系统的相互作用。2005年夏季登陆我国的台风存在显著的阶段性变化，即6月10日～7月11日西太平洋无热带气旋生成，7月12日～9月30日西太平洋热带气旋频繁活动，造成登陆我国台风间隔时间短、 频数高、强度强，使得我国东部台风暴雨频繁发生。研究指出，6月10日～7月11日西太平洋无热带气旋生成与西太平洋副热带高压位置偏南、越赤道气流较弱、东亚热带辐合带（5°N～15°N，120°E～150°E）对流偏弱有关。而在7月12日～9月30日，西太平洋热带气旋活动频繁与西风槽的多次南下、西太平洋副热带高压断裂（或东撤）、东亚热带辐合带对流加强有关。进一步研究发现，气候平均态的西太平洋越赤道气流分别位于125°E和145°E附近， 2005年夏季125°E和145°E附近的越赤道气流减弱，然而在7月12日～9月30日，130°E～135°E附近的越赤道气流加强并维持时间较长。130°E～135°E附近越赤道气流加强与澳大利亚高压东移以及140°E～180 °E赤道低压加深有关。 相似文献
6.
7.
2003年淮河流域洪涝暴雨的气象水文特征分析 总被引：16，自引：2，他引：16
用常规的气象水文资料和常规分析方法,对2003年、1991年和1954年3a气象水文特征分析发现:(1)2003年淮河流域的降水比常年明显偏多,比1991年多,但比1954年少,是自建国以来仅次于1954年的第2个多雨年份;1954年洪水最大,2003年次之,1991年最弱。但3a的共同特点是洪峰高、流量大、持续时间长、灾害损失严重;3a的不同之处是降水集中时段和强度各不相同,洪水的早晚也不同,1991年最早,2003年和1954年较迟。(2)环流形势的共同特点是:副高脊线相对常年位置均偏南,亚洲西风带阻塞高压活动十分频繁,120°E以东越赤道气流较常年偏弱、赤道西风明显偏弱,这样就造成赤道辐合带不活跃,低空急流都较常年偏强。环流不同之处:1991、1954年东阻活动最昌盛,而2003年以中阻塞形势为主;1991年副高与2003年相似,但强度和范围不及2003年,1954年是3a之中副高脊线最偏南、副高范围最小、强度最弱的1a;由于高、低空配置、副高位置的不同,低空急流的强度并非与越赤道气流强度呈正相关关系。 相似文献
8.
2005年7月4—11日淮河流域强降水过程的水汽收支分析 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
通过对水汽通量向量的势函数和流函数分解以及水汽方程的诊断计算，分析了2005年7月4-11日淮河流域强降水过程水汽收支情况。结果表明，此次强降水过程主要水汽来源于菲律宾经南海向北转向流入我国中东部地区的较强盛的水汽输送带。这条水汽输送带由两部分组成：起重要作用的是强中心位于太平洋上，沿热带赤道以南地区一致向西到达菲律宾的水汽流，另一部分是沿赤道南侧的东风气流，在非洲东岸索马里附近越赤道向东北方向经孟加拉湾北部到达菲律宾的水汽流；水汽汇合区内，淮河流域附近存在东南与西北水汽汇集辐合，这可能是造成淮河流域持续出现强降水重要原因之一；水汽强辐合区域与强降水发生的区域相对应，降水发生区域的总体水汽收支和平均面降雨量的变化趋势相吻合，随着水汽收入的增加，降水量开始加大；中低层的水汽垂直输送与降水过程的平均面降雨量的变化具有较好的对应关系。 相似文献
9.
北京降水特征与西太副高关系的若干统计 总被引：11，自引：5，他引：6
利用北京地区20个测站1975—2004年降水资料,以及国家气候中心定义的西太平洋副热带高压(下称西太副高)各指数资料,对北京地区降水的时空分布特征以及与西太副高的统计特征等进行了分析,结果表明:(1)北京地区降水分布不均匀,降水量大值区主要位于怀柔、平谷等中部山区,呈现东部和南部降水多,西部和北部降水少的分布形势。其夏季降水占年降水量的72.5%,其中,北京东部和南部的降水季节性特征比西部和北部更显著。(2)北京地区各站每年平均大雨以上的降水日数在3~8天之内;北京区域平均年降水量与中雨以上的各量级降水日数都为显著正相关关系,尤其是大雨日数降水的贡献,其次是暴雨日数。(3)北京地区年降水有连枯、连丰、枯丰交替的年际变化特征;其夏季降水有弱的准2年的周期振荡。(4)近30年来,随着年代演变,西太副高对北京地区夏季降水的作用有增强趋势。(5)北京区域性强降水日主要出现在7、8月份,约占总区域强降水日数的72%。其中有45.5%的区域强降水日与西太副高影响有关,特别是西太副高与西风槽共同作用的形势约占94.8%。(6)当西太副高平均脊线位于31.6°N,120°E处,西伸脊点位于110.6°E处,副高5880 gpm等高线北界位于37.1°N,120°E处,以及西风槽中点位于108.8°E,40°N,槽线北端位于46.6°N,槽底位于34.8°N时,最有利于北京出现区域强降水。 相似文献
10.
利用NCAR/NCEP-1再分析资料、NOAA的OLR资料以及GPCP降水资料等,通过功率谱分析、超前滞后回归等方法,对夏季南海周边105 °E、125 °E以及150 °E三支越赤道气流进行了多尺度特征分析,重点探讨三支越赤道气流季节内振荡与热带大气环流异常及南海周边降水的联系。结果表明,在季节内时间尺度上,105 °E与125 °E越赤道气流均具有10~20 d以及30~60 d低频振荡显著周期,而150 °E越赤道气流则以10~20 d周期为主。在年际尺度上,105 °E、125 °E、150 °E越赤道气流分别具有2~4年、2~3年、2~6年振荡周期。无论是季内还是年际变化,皆以105 °E与125 °E这两支越赤道气流之间关系较密切。南亚-南海-西太平洋地区对流层低层10~20 d振荡的气旋(对流加强)和反气旋(对流减弱)的环流活动变化,决定着105 °E及125 °E越赤道气流的10~20 d振荡的演变。这两支越赤道气流之30~60 d振荡所伴随的异常变化与热带夏季季节内振荡(BSISO)的演变过程非常相似,而150 °E越赤道气流之30~60 d振荡所伴随的异常低频环流则与南半球热带辐合带关系密切。105 °E及125 °E越赤道气流的季节内振荡及年际异常均与南海周边降水异常密切相关。 相似文献
11.
The spatial and temporal variations of daily maximum temperature(Tmax), daily minimum temperature(Tmin), daily maximum precipitation(Pmax) and daily maximum wind speed(WSmax) were examined in China using Mann-Kendall test and linear regression method. The results indicated that for China as a whole, Tmax, Tmin and Pmax had significant increasing trends at rates of 0.15℃ per decade, 0.45℃ per decade and 0.58 mm per decade,respectively, while WSmax had decreased significantly at 1.18 m·s~(-1) per decade during 1959—2014. In all regions of China, Tmin increased and WSmax decreased significantly. Spatially, Tmax increased significantly at most of the stations in South China(SC), northwestern North China(NC), northeastern Northeast China(NEC), eastern Northwest China(NWC) and eastern Southwest China(SWC), and the increasing trends were significant in NC, SC, NWC and SWC on the regional average. Tmin increased significantly at most of the stations in China, with notable increase in NEC, northern and southeastern NC and northwestern and eastern NWC. Pmax showed no significant trend at most of the stations in China, and on the regional average it decreased significantly in NC but increased in SC, NWC and the mid-lower Yangtze River valley(YR). WSmax decreased significantly at the vast majority of stations in China, with remarkable decrease in northern NC, northern and central YR, central and southern SC and in parts of central NEC and western NWC. With global climate change and rapidly economic development, China has become more vulnerable to climatic extremes and meteorological disasters, so more strategies of mitigation and/or adaptation of climatic extremes,such as environmentally-friendly and low-cost energy production systems and the enhancement of engineering defense measures are necessary for government and social publics. 相似文献
12.
Observed daily precipitation data from the National Meteorological Observatory in Hainan province and daily data from the National Centers for Environmental Prediction/National Center for Atmospheric Research (NCEP/NCAR) reanalysis-2 dataset from 1981 to 2014 are used to analyze the relationship between Hainan extreme heavy rainfall processes in autumn (referred to as EHRPs) and 10–30 d low-frequency circulation. Based on the key low-frequency signals and the NCEP Climate Forecast System Version 2 (CFSv2) model forecasting products, a dynamical-statistical method is established for the extended-range forecast of EHRPs. The results suggest that EHRPs have a close relationship with the 10–30 d low-frequency oscillation of 850 hPa zonal wind over Hainan Island and to its north, and that they basically occur during the trough phase of the low-frequency oscillation of zonal wind. The latitudinal propagation of the low-frequency wave train in the middle-high latitudes and the meridional propagation of the low-frequency wave train along the coast of East Asia contribute to the ‘north high (cold), south low (warm)’ pattern near Hainan Island, which results in the zonal wind over Hainan Island and to its north reaching its trough, consequently leading to EHRPs. Considering the link between low-frequency circulation and EHRPs, a low-frequency wave train index (LWTI) is defined and adopted to forecast EHRPs by using NCEP CFSv2 forecasting products. EHRPs are predicted to occur during peak phases of LWTI with value larger than 1 for three or more consecutive forecast days. Hindcast experiments for EHRPs in 2015–2016 indicate that EHRPs can be predicted 8–24 d in advance, with an average period of validity of 16.7 d. 相似文献
13.
Based on the measurements obtained at 64 national meteorological stations in the Beijing–Tianjin–Hebei (BTH) region between 1970 and 2013, the potential evapotranspiration (ET0) in this region was estimated using the Penman–Monteith equation and its sensitivity to maximum temperature (Tmax), minimum temperature (Tmin), wind speed (Vw), net radiation (Rn) and water vapor pressure (Pwv) was analyzed, respectively. The results are shown as follows. (1) The climatic elements in the BTH region underwent significant changes in the study period. Vw and Rn decreased significantly, whereas Tmin, Tmax and Pwv increased considerably. (2) In the BTH region, ET0 also exhibited a significant decreasing trend, and the sensitivity of ET0 to the climatic elements exhibited seasonal characteristics. Of all the climatic elements, ET0 was most sensitive to Pwv in the fall and winter and Rn in the spring and summer. On the annual scale, ET0 was most sensitive to Pwv, followed by Rn, Vw, Tmax and Tmin. In addition, the sensitivity coefficient of ET0 with respect to Pwv had a negative value for all the areas, indicating that increases in Pwv can prevent ET0 from increasing. (3) The sensitivity of ET0 to Tmin and Tmax was significantly lower than its sensitivity to other climatic elements. However, increases in temperature can lead to changes in Pwv and Rn. The temperature should be considered the key intrinsic climatic element that has caused the "evaporation paradox" phenomenon in the BTH region. 相似文献
14.
Storms that occur at the Bay of Bengal (BoB) are of a bimodal pattern, which is different from that of the other sea areas. By using the NCEP, SST and JTWC data, the causes of the bimodal pattern storm activity of the BoB are diagnosed and analyzed in this paper. The result shows that the seasonal variation of general atmosphere circulation in East Asia has a regulating and controlling impact on the BoB storm activity, and the “bimodal period” of the storm activity corresponds exactly to the seasonal conversion period of atmospheric circulation. The minor wind speed of shear spring and autumn contributed to the storm, which was a crucial factor for the generation and occurrence of the “bimodal pattern” storm activity in the BoB. The analysis on sea surface temperature (SST) shows that the SSTs of all the year around in the BoB area meet the conditions required for the generation of tropical cyclones (TCs). However, the SSTs in the central area of the bay are higher than that of the surrounding areas in spring and autumn, which facilitates the occurrence of a “two-peak” storm activity pattern. The genesis potential index (GPI) quantifies and reflects the environmental conditions for the generation of the BoB storms. For GPI, the intense low-level vortex disturbance in the troposphere and high-humidity atmosphere are the sufficient conditions for storms, while large maximum wind velocity of the ground vortex radius and small vertical wind shear are the necessary conditions of storms. 相似文献
15.
Yuepeng PAN Mengna GU Yuexin HE Dianming WU Chunyan LIU Linlin SONG Shili TIAN Xuemei Lü Yang SUN Tao SONG Wendell W. WALTERS Xuejun LIU Nicholas A. MARTIN Qianqian ZHANG Yunting FANG Valerio FERRACCI Yuesi WANG 《大气科学进展》2020,37(9):933-938
正While China’s Air Pollution Prevention and Control Action Plan on particulate matter since 2013 has reduced sulfate significantly, aerosol ammonium nitrate remains high in East China. As the high nitrate abundances are strongly linked with ammonia, reducing ammonia emissions is becoming increasingly important to improve the air quality of China. Although satellite data provide evidence of substantial increases in atmospheric ammonia concentrations over major agricultural regions, long-term surface observation of ammonia concentrations are sparse. In addition, there is still no consensus on 相似文献
16.
《大气和海洋科学快报》2013,(1):67
正AIMS AND SCOPE Atmospheric and Oceanic Science Letters (AOSL) publishes short research letters on all disciplines of the atmosphere sciences and physical oceanography. Contributions from all over the world are welcome.SUBMISSIONAll submitted 相似文献
17.
18.
<正>With the support of specialized funds for national science institutions,the Guangzhou Institute of Tropical and Marine Meteorology,China Meteorological Administration set up in October 2008 an experiment base for marine meteorology and a number of observation systems for the coastal boundary layer,air-sea flux,marine environmental elements,and basic meteorological elements at Bohe town,Maoming city,Guangdong province,in the northern part of the South China Sea. 相似文献
19.
《大气和海洋科学快报》2014,7(6):F0003-F0003
AIMS AND SCOPE
Atmospheric and Oceanic Science Letters （AOSL） publishes short research letters on all disciplines of the atmosphere sciences and physical oceanography. Contributions from all over the world are welcome. 相似文献
Atmospheric and Oceanic Science Letters （AOSL） publishes short research letters on all disciplines of the atmosphere sciences and physical oceanography. Contributions from all over the world are welcome. 相似文献
20.
《大气和海洋科学快报》2014,(5):F0003-F0003
AIMS AND SCOPE Atmospheric and Oceanic Science Letters （AOSL） pub- lishes short research letters on all disciplines of the atmos- phere sciences and physical oceanography. Contributions from all over the world are welcome. 相似文献