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分析我国气候资源保护立法现状及其主要问题,为我国气候资源保护立法完善的研究提供一些建议。文章立足于环境与资源保护法学研究的角度,主要运用了逻辑分析、比较分析、历史分析等研究方法,认为:我国目前没有专门的气候资源保护立法文件,与之相关的法律法规存在诸多问题,不能完成气候资源保护的任务,建议建立我国气候资源保护法律体系,并且完善相关法律规范。 相似文献
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本文旨在分析制定我国气候资源保护单行法的必要性与可行性,并且提出制定我国气候资源保护单行法的基本构想。主要运用了实证分析、价值分析、经济分析和历史分析等研究方法,认为:制定我国气候资源保护单行法具有必要性与可行性;我国气候资源保护单行法要明确“维护生态公平与国家生态安全”的基本理念以及促进经济发展与维护生态系统平衡的二元立法目的,并由此确立该法的基本原则、基本制度、监管体制和法律责任。 相似文献
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气候资源的空间分布属性决定了地理信息系统(GIS)在气象中的广泛应用前景。本就利用Citystar地理信息系统进行气候资源分析的思路、方法和步骤做了简要介绍,并进行了气候资源的小网格推算和制图。 相似文献
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探讨了气候资源概念的内涵与外延及其属性问题,旨在为我国气候资源保护立法研究提供基础法律理论支撑。论文运用价值分析、比较分析、历史分析等方法,认为:气候资源是气候要素中可以被人类利用的那一部分自然物质和能量,是一种典型的自然资源,可以成为法律关系客体;它还具备自身鲜明的特性,有必要对之进行专门的立法保护。气候资源保护法律规范属于环境保护与自然资源法律规范的范畴。 相似文献
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本文利用循化县1961-2000年40年气象资料,运用统计学方法、对光、热、水等气候资源以及蒸发、风等气象要素的变化进行了分析,揭示了气候资源变化的基本实事和变化规律。 相似文献
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青海省种植业结构调整对农业气候资源适应性的对策研究 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
本简要分析了青海省气候资源的特征以及在全球气候变暖的背景下,本省气候资源数量、特性及可能发生的变化;从本省种植业现状存在结构单一、耕地使用尚需调整出发,提出了充分利用冷凉气候资源的优势,顺应气候资源的可能变化,并结合本省畜牧业的现状提出本省种植业的适应性对策,主要包括:发展优质高效特色农业、合理轮作、适当扩大饲草和饲料作用种植,实行农区兴林、旱区兴牧,以促进农牧业结构等建议,为本省农牧业部门制定规划提供参考依据。 相似文献
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东北地区大豆生产的气候资源潜力实现率及其生产建议 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
本文分析了1991年—1994年东北地区各地大豆的平均产量。采用统计—模拟模式计算了大豆生产的气候资源潜力,并与现实产量相比较得出气候资源潜力实现率。发现该地区大豆单产普遍偏低,气候资源潜力很大,尚待深入开发.最后提出了提高单产的途径和建议。 相似文献
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从光、热、水、风四个气候要素入手,分析了河南气候资料的总体特征,阐述了开发利用河南气候资源的现状及存在的问题,提出了合理开发利用气候资源的主要战略对策。 相似文献
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本文根据1983年4月—1986年3月三年山区梯度观测资料,综合考虑山区光、热、水农业的气候资源匹配关系,建立不同山区、坡向、高度的作物气候生产力估算模式。模式中对山区温度、降水、日照等气象要素进行了修正。运用模式估算了不同山区、坡向、高度的水稻、玉米、冬小麦气候生产力。计算结果:亚热带东部丘陵山区单、双季稻、夏玉米气候生产力一般南坡大于北坡,西坡大于东坡;春玉米、冬小麦一般北坡大于南坡,东坡大于西坡。双季晚稻气候生产力大于双季早稻,夏玉米大于春玉米(神农架山区除外)。应该指出,目前高产典型水稻产量可达其气候生产力的60%以上,玉米和冬小麦仅达到30%—50%左右,表明山区农业气候资源可开发潜力很大。本文为合理开发山区气候资源、调整农业布局及提高单位面积产量提供了定量的科学依据。 相似文献
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Climatic Change in Mountain Regions: A Review of Possible Impacts 总被引:18,自引:3,他引:18
Martin Beniston 《Climatic change》2003,59(1-2):5-31
This paper addresses a number of issues related to current and future climatic change and its impacts on mountain environments and economies, focusing on the `Mountain Regions' Chapter 13 of Agenda 21, a basis document presented at the 1992 United Nations Conference on Environment and Development (UNCED) in Rio de Janeiro, and the International Year of the Mountains (IYM) 2002. The awareness that mountain regions are an important component of the earth's ecosystems, in terms of the resources and services that they provide to both mountain communities and lowland residents, has risen in the intervening decade. Based upon the themes outlined in the supporting documents for IYM, this paper will provide a succinct review of a number of sectors that warrant particular attention, according to IYM. These sectors include water resources, ecosystems and biological diversity, natural hazards, health issues, and tourism. A portfolio of research and policy options are discussed in the concluding section, as a summary of what the IYM and other concerned international networks consider to be the priority for mountain environmental protection, capacity building, and response strategies in the face of climatic change in the short to medium term future. 相似文献
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Connecting physical watershed characteristics to climate sensitivity for California mountain streams
Iris T. Stewart 《Climatic change》2013,116(1):133-148
California mountain streams provide critical water resources for human supplies and aquatic ecosystems, and have been affected by climatic changes to varying degrees, often within close proximity. The objective of this study is to examine stream flow timing changes and their climatic drivers through 2009, identify sub-regional patterns in response and sensitivity, and explore whether the differences in the sensitivity of a stream to climatic changes can be partially explained through the physical characteristics of a watershed. To this end, changes in streamflow timing for each watershed were assessed through several runoff timing measures, and overall sensitivity to historic climatic changes through a composite sensitivity index. Elevation, aspect, slope, geology, and landcover distributions, as well as climate information were assembled for each watershed; and were analyzed in conjunction with the sensitivity index. Results showed that the basins most sensitive to climatic changes are on the western Sierra Nevada slopes, while eastern and southern Sierra Nevada, as well as Klamath mountain watersheds exhibit little or no response to climatic shifts to date. Basin sensitivity was not found to be connected to any individual physical watershed characteristic other than elevation. However, it is suggested that basin-to-basin differences in sensitivity, observed in spite of regional-scale warming and similar watershed elevations, can be explained by differences in elevation ranges and combinations of physical watershed characteristics. Results about stream differences in climate sensitivity could aid in prioritizing stream preservation efforts. 相似文献
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海南岛农业气候生产力的估算 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
发挥气候资源的生产潜力,是农作物增产的有效途径。本文用Lieth法估算海南岛的农业气候生产力。光、热、水资源丰富的海南岛,植物的气候产量高,农作物的增产潜力至少为现在生产水平的一倍以上。水分是海南岛(尤其是西南部)农业产量的主要限制性因子。通过灌溉来补充所欠缺的水分(全岛平均每公顷需灌溉1778吨水),可期望达到最大气候产量。 相似文献