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1.
夏季110°E附近的低空越赤道气流与西北太平洋台风活动 总被引：1，自引：1，他引：1
在西北太平洋赤道地区夏季有一支源自南半球的气流.这支位于110°E 附近的大尺度季风气流是过去研究中所提到的源自澳洲的越赤道气流与中国低空急流.低空越赤道气流的强度变化与台风的发生发展有联系. 相似文献
2.
利用NCEP/NCAR再分析资料和中国台风网提供的2005年台风资料，研究了2005年夏季台风登陆及中国东部频发性台风暴雨的环流特征及南北半球环流系统的相互作用。2005年夏季登陆我国的台风存在显著的阶段性变化，即6月10日～7月11日西太平洋无热带气旋生成，7月12日～9月30日西太平洋热带气旋频繁活动，造成登陆我国台风间隔时间短、 频数高、强度强，使得我国东部台风暴雨频繁发生。研究指出，6月10日～7月11日西太平洋无热带气旋生成与西太平洋副热带高压位置偏南、越赤道气流较弱、东亚热带辐合带（5°N～15°N，120°E～150°E）对流偏弱有关。而在7月12日～9月30日，西太平洋热带气旋活动频繁与西风槽的多次南下、西太平洋副热带高压断裂（或东撤）、东亚热带辐合带对流加强有关。进一步研究发现，气候平均态的西太平洋越赤道气流分别位于125°E和145°E附近， 2005年夏季125°E和145°E附近的越赤道气流减弱，然而在7月12日～9月30日，130°E～135°E附近的越赤道气流加强并维持时间较长。130°E～135°E附近越赤道气流加强与澳大利亚高压东移以及140°E～180 °E赤道低压加深有关。 相似文献
3.
越赤道气流与中国天气关系的初步统计分析 总被引：14，自引：0，他引：14
本文利用1974—1979年的资料,分析了夏季风期间(6—9月)东半球对流层低层(850hPa)及高空(200hPa)越赤道气流的主要特征。定义了东半球越赤道气流总量E以及0°—90°E、90°E—180°越赤道气流总量E_1、E_2,分别统计了它们与中国大陆降水、西北太平洋台风发生数以及北半球副热带高压活动的关系。 相似文献
4.
基于近40 a NCEP/NCAR再分析月平均高度场、风场、涡度场、垂直速度场以及NOAA重构的海面温度（sea surface temperature,SST）资料和美国联合台风预警中心（Joint Typhoon Warning Center, JTWC）热带气旋最佳路径资料,利用合成分析方法,研究了前期春季及同期夏季印度洋海面温度同夏季西北太平洋台风活动的关系。结果表明：1）前期春季印度洋海温异常（sea surface temperature anoma1y,SSTA）尤其是关键区位于赤道偏北印度洋和西南印度洋地区对西北太平洋台风活动具有显著的影响,春季印度洋海温异常偏暖年,后期夏季,110°～180°E的经向垂直环流表现为异常下沉气流,对应风场的低层低频风辐散、高层辐合的形势,这种环流形势使得低层水汽无法向上输送,对流层中层水汽异常偏少,纬向风垂直切变偏大,从而夏季西北太平洋台风频数偏少、强度偏弱,而异常偏冷年份则正好相反。2）春季印度洋异常暖年,西北太平洋副热带高压加强、西伸;而春季印度洋异常冷年,后期夏季西北太平洋副热带高压减弱、东退,这可能是引起夏季西北太平洋台风变化的另一原因。 相似文献
5.
隋晓霞 《沙漠与绿洲气象(新疆气象)》2017,11(4):54-61
利用NCEP/NCAR资料研究了西北太平洋热带辐合带区上升运动（ITCZω）与越赤道气流、澳大利亚高压之间的关系及其在2003和2007年淮河流域强降水中的异常特征。结果表明越赤道气流对西北太平洋ITCZω的影响主要反映在对其强度的影响,对其位置的影响不明显。总体上来说,925hPa上各支越赤道越气流强度与西北太平洋ITCZω强度的相关性都要好于850hPa; ITCZω强度与澳大利亚高压强度的相关在对流层低层过95%的信度检验。2003和2007年淮河流域强降水期间90°E以及以东的越赤道气流偏弱;澳大利亚高压强度偏弱;ITCZω偏弱、偏南; 2003和2007年90°E、105°E和150°E附近越赤道气流的强度较多年平均都要偏弱,2007年125°E附近越赤道气流的强度较多年平均也较弱;2007年ITCZω偏弱的程度要大于2003年;2007年南半球冷空气偏弱持续的时间虽然长于2003年,但偏弱的程度却小于2003年。 相似文献
6.
夏季南半球越赤道气流与东南亚地区产生多台风的关系 总被引：3，自引：0，他引：3
本文运用1978年夏季850百帕天气图资料,分析南半球越赤道气流的通道、强度以及与北半球热带辐合带中产生多台风的关系。分析表明,东南亚地区存在三个明显的越赤道气流通道。其中105°E处气流出现有季节性变化,125°E,145°E处为准定常通道。三个通道略呈等距分布。当越赤道气流强度达到一定数值后,北半球热带辐合带中容易产生多台风,这给多台风发生的时、空预报提供了一定的客观依据。 相似文献
7.
《沙漠与绿洲气象(新疆气象)》2017,(4)
基于NCEP/NCAR再分析资料,分析西北太平洋热带辐合区上升运动(ITCZω)与越赤道气流和澳大利亚高压之间的关系,并给出了三者在2003、2007年淮河流域强降水的异常特征。结果表明越赤道气流对西北太平洋ITCZω的影响主要反映在对其强度的影响,对其位置的影响不明显。总体上来说,925 h Pa上各支越赤道气流强度与西北太平洋ITCZω强度的相关性都要好于850 h Pa;ITCZω强度与澳大利亚高压强度的相关只在对流层低层可以通过95%的信度检验。2003、2007年淮河流域强降水期间,90°E及以东的越赤道气流偏弱;澳大利亚高压强度也偏弱;对应ITCZω偏弱、偏南;2003、2007年90°E、105°E、150°E附近越赤道气流的强度较多年平均都要偏弱,2007年125°E附近越赤道气流的强度较多年平均也较弱;2007年ITCZω偏弱的程度要大于2003年;2007年南半球冷空气偏弱持续的时间虽然长于2003年,但偏弱的程度却小于2003年。 相似文献
8.
西北太平洋台风频数异常年的气候背景分析 总被引：3，自引：0，他引：3
利用中国气象局整编的热带气旋资料、NCEP再分析资料和Scripps海温资料,分析了台风季西北太平洋台风频数发生年代际和年际异常时的气候背景特征,并且比较分析了造成台风频数发生年代际和年际异常的影响因子的异同。结果表明:台风频数的年代际变化主要和副热带高压和赤道西太平洋的温跃层海温有非常显著的关系,而年际变化则与副高、季风槽、越赤道气流以及赤道中东太平洋的混合层海温都有着密切的联系。 相似文献
9.
越赤道气流准双周振荡对西北太平洋台风路径的调制作用 总被引：4，自引：4，他引：0
利用美国联合台风预警中心（Joint Typhoon Warning Center,JTWC）热带气旋（tropicalcy—clone,TC）数据、NCEP／NCAR再分析风场资料,研究了越赤道气流准双周振荡对西北太平洋台风路径的调制作用。将西北太平洋台风路径划分为：西行路径、西北行路径、转向登陆中国路径、转向中日之间路径、转向登陆日本路径、转向日本以东路径和140°E以东路径。利用超前滞后回归方法,合成分析了6—10月不同路径台风对应的越赤道气流准双周振荡的低频环流演变过程。结果表明,925hPa越赤道气流及与其相联系的经向风存在明显10～20d准双周振荡现象,且对西北太平洋台风路径预报具有一定的指示作用。在西太平洋赤道地区,低频越赤道气流强度、演变特征影响着西北太平洋低频气旋的位置和移动方向,调节风场强辐合带与季风槽的位置与强度,继而对台风生成位置、移动路径产生重要的影响。初步认为,强向北低频越赤道气流分量有利于北侧低频气旋加强和向北传播,继而使得强辐合带、季风槽位置偏北,台风易于在此区域生成且沿着强辐合带位置移动。而弱向北低频分量或向南低频分量则不利于台风转向移动。 相似文献
10.
1948～2004年全球越赤道气流气候变化 总被引：5，自引：0，他引：5
利用1948年1月～2004年12月逐月NCEP/NCAR的全球1000 hPa、850 hPa、700 hPa、600 hPa、500 hPa、400 hPa、300 hPa、200 hPa、150 hPa、100 hPa的10层经向格点风,计算了全球越赤道气流和年变化,分析了全球850 hPa越赤道气流通道的时、空变化特征。指出在研究的时间段内,全球850 hPa越赤道气流有明显的长期趋势变化和年代际变化。近57年,6～8月的45～50°E、5～9月的105～115°E、5～9月和5～11月的130～140°E、2～4月的20～25°E的越赤道气流有明显的加强,6～8月的50～35°W的越赤道气流减弱。夏季索马里的越赤道气流,平均每10年增强0.25 m/s,而130～140°E,5～9月的越赤道气流,平均每10年增强0.32 m/s。奇异谱分析表明,850 hPa越赤道气流的年代际变化和趋势变化的方差贡献达到35%～45%。年际变化的方差贡献不超过30%,还指出夏季太平洋的越赤道气流的强度变化与南方涛动有明显关系,弱南方涛动时,有强的越赤道气流。而索马里急流强度与北大西洋涛动有弱的正相关。 相似文献
11.
The spatial and temporal variations of daily maximum temperature(Tmax), daily minimum temperature(Tmin), daily maximum precipitation(Pmax) and daily maximum wind speed(WSmax) were examined in China using Mann-Kendall test and linear regression method. The results indicated that for China as a whole, Tmax, Tmin and Pmax had significant increasing trends at rates of 0.15℃ per decade, 0.45℃ per decade and 0.58 mm per decade,respectively, while WSmax had decreased significantly at 1.18 m·s~(-1) per decade during 1959—2014. In all regions of China, Tmin increased and WSmax decreased significantly. Spatially, Tmax increased significantly at most of the stations in South China(SC), northwestern North China(NC), northeastern Northeast China(NEC), eastern Northwest China(NWC) and eastern Southwest China(SWC), and the increasing trends were significant in NC, SC, NWC and SWC on the regional average. Tmin increased significantly at most of the stations in China, with notable increase in NEC, northern and southeastern NC and northwestern and eastern NWC. Pmax showed no significant trend at most of the stations in China, and on the regional average it decreased significantly in NC but increased in SC, NWC and the mid-lower Yangtze River valley(YR). WSmax decreased significantly at the vast majority of stations in China, with remarkable decrease in northern NC, northern and central YR, central and southern SC and in parts of central NEC and western NWC. With global climate change and rapidly economic development, China has become more vulnerable to climatic extremes and meteorological disasters, so more strategies of mitigation and/or adaptation of climatic extremes,such as environmentally-friendly and low-cost energy production systems and the enhancement of engineering defense measures are necessary for government and social publics. 相似文献
12.
Observed daily precipitation data from the National Meteorological Observatory in Hainan province and daily data from the National Centers for Environmental Prediction/National Center for Atmospheric Research (NCEP/NCAR) reanalysis-2 dataset from 1981 to 2014 are used to analyze the relationship between Hainan extreme heavy rainfall processes in autumn (referred to as EHRPs) and 10–30 d low-frequency circulation. Based on the key low-frequency signals and the NCEP Climate Forecast System Version 2 (CFSv2) model forecasting products, a dynamical-statistical method is established for the extended-range forecast of EHRPs. The results suggest that EHRPs have a close relationship with the 10–30 d low-frequency oscillation of 850 hPa zonal wind over Hainan Island and to its north, and that they basically occur during the trough phase of the low-frequency oscillation of zonal wind. The latitudinal propagation of the low-frequency wave train in the middle-high latitudes and the meridional propagation of the low-frequency wave train along the coast of East Asia contribute to the ‘north high (cold), south low (warm)’ pattern near Hainan Island, which results in the zonal wind over Hainan Island and to its north reaching its trough, consequently leading to EHRPs. Considering the link between low-frequency circulation and EHRPs, a low-frequency wave train index (LWTI) is defined and adopted to forecast EHRPs by using NCEP CFSv2 forecasting products. EHRPs are predicted to occur during peak phases of LWTI with value larger than 1 for three or more consecutive forecast days. Hindcast experiments for EHRPs in 2015–2016 indicate that EHRPs can be predicted 8–24 d in advance, with an average period of validity of 16.7 d. 相似文献
13.
Based on the measurements obtained at 64 national meteorological stations in the Beijing–Tianjin–Hebei (BTH) region between 1970 and 2013, the potential evapotranspiration (ET0) in this region was estimated using the Penman–Monteith equation and its sensitivity to maximum temperature (Tmax), minimum temperature (Tmin), wind speed (Vw), net radiation (Rn) and water vapor pressure (Pwv) was analyzed, respectively. The results are shown as follows. (1) The climatic elements in the BTH region underwent significant changes in the study period. Vw and Rn decreased significantly, whereas Tmin, Tmax and Pwv increased considerably. (2) In the BTH region, ET0 also exhibited a significant decreasing trend, and the sensitivity of ET0 to the climatic elements exhibited seasonal characteristics. Of all the climatic elements, ET0 was most sensitive to Pwv in the fall and winter and Rn in the spring and summer. On the annual scale, ET0 was most sensitive to Pwv, followed by Rn, Vw, Tmax and Tmin. In addition, the sensitivity coefficient of ET0 with respect to Pwv had a negative value for all the areas, indicating that increases in Pwv can prevent ET0 from increasing. (3) The sensitivity of ET0 to Tmin and Tmax was significantly lower than its sensitivity to other climatic elements. However, increases in temperature can lead to changes in Pwv and Rn. The temperature should be considered the key intrinsic climatic element that has caused the "evaporation paradox" phenomenon in the BTH region. 相似文献
14.
Storms that occur at the Bay of Bengal (BoB) are of a bimodal pattern, which is different from that of the other sea areas. By using the NCEP, SST and JTWC data, the causes of the bimodal pattern storm activity of the BoB are diagnosed and analyzed in this paper. The result shows that the seasonal variation of general atmosphere circulation in East Asia has a regulating and controlling impact on the BoB storm activity, and the “bimodal period” of the storm activity corresponds exactly to the seasonal conversion period of atmospheric circulation. The minor wind speed of shear spring and autumn contributed to the storm, which was a crucial factor for the generation and occurrence of the “bimodal pattern” storm activity in the BoB. The analysis on sea surface temperature (SST) shows that the SSTs of all the year around in the BoB area meet the conditions required for the generation of tropical cyclones (TCs). However, the SSTs in the central area of the bay are higher than that of the surrounding areas in spring and autumn, which facilitates the occurrence of a “two-peak” storm activity pattern. The genesis potential index (GPI) quantifies and reflects the environmental conditions for the generation of the BoB storms. For GPI, the intense low-level vortex disturbance in the troposphere and high-humidity atmosphere are the sufficient conditions for storms, while large maximum wind velocity of the ground vortex radius and small vertical wind shear are the necessary conditions of storms. 相似文献
15.
Yuepeng PAN Mengna GU Yuexin HE Dianming WU Chunyan LIU Linlin SONG Shili TIAN Xuemei Lü Yang SUN Tao SONG Wendell W. WALTERS Xuejun LIU Nicholas A. MARTIN Qianqian ZHANG Yunting FANG Valerio FERRACCI Yuesi WANG 《大气科学进展》2020,37(9):933-938
正While China’s Air Pollution Prevention and Control Action Plan on particulate matter since 2013 has reduced sulfate significantly, aerosol ammonium nitrate remains high in East China. As the high nitrate abundances are strongly linked with ammonia, reducing ammonia emissions is becoming increasingly important to improve the air quality of China. Although satellite data provide evidence of substantial increases in atmospheric ammonia concentrations over major agricultural regions, long-term surface observation of ammonia concentrations are sparse. In addition, there is still no consensus on 相似文献
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《大气和海洋科学快报》2013,(1):67
正AIMS AND SCOPE Atmospheric and Oceanic Science Letters (AOSL) publishes short research letters on all disciplines of the atmosphere sciences and physical oceanography. Contributions from all over the world are welcome.SUBMISSIONAll submitted 相似文献
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<正>With the support of specialized funds for national science institutions,the Guangzhou Institute of Tropical and Marine Meteorology,China Meteorological Administration set up in October 2008 an experiment base for marine meteorology and a number of observation systems for the coastal boundary layer,air-sea flux,marine environmental elements,and basic meteorological elements at Bohe town,Maoming city,Guangdong province,in the northern part of the South China Sea. 相似文献
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《大气和海洋科学快报》2014,7(6):F0003-F0003
AIMS AND SCOPE
Atmospheric and Oceanic Science Letters （AOSL） publishes short research letters on all disciplines of the atmosphere sciences and physical oceanography. Contributions from all over the world are welcome. 相似文献
Atmospheric and Oceanic Science Letters （AOSL） publishes short research letters on all disciplines of the atmosphere sciences and physical oceanography. Contributions from all over the world are welcome. 相似文献
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《大气和海洋科学快报》2014,(5):F0003-F0003
AIMS AND SCOPE Atmospheric and Oceanic Science Letters （AOSL） pub- lishes short research letters on all disciplines of the atmos- phere sciences and physical oceanography. Contributions from all over the world are welcome. 相似文献