共查询到20条相似文献，搜索用时 875 毫秒
1.
应用集合经验模态分解(EEMD)方法,对1951—2016年沈阳年平均气温和年降水量序列进行多尺度分析,并结合功率谱分析了两要素主要本征模态函数(IMF)分量的周期变化特征。在此基础上,进行了序列重建与对比。结果表明:近66 a来,沈阳年平均气温的变化主要由第1、第2高频分量和趋势项的振荡造成,分别反映了准5 a和准7 a的周期变化以及长期的缓慢增温过程;准14 a的年代际振荡第3分量对沈阳年平均气温变化的作用也不可忽视,而反映更长时间尺度的第4和第5分量在1980年代后与趋势项的变化特征基本一致,表明1980年代后沈阳明显增暖。年降水量的变化主要由第1、第2分量的年际振荡造成,振荡周期分别为准3 a和准5 a,而趋势项则呈现出准64 a的周期变化,总体反映出年降水量在1980年代前后呈现先减后增的变化趋势。与年平均气温序列相比,年降水序列的年代际尺度变化和长期趋势变化的贡献明显偏小。 相似文献
2.
我国近百年气温变化的奇异谱分析 总被引：9，自引：1，他引：8
用奇异谱方法分析我国近百年平均气温的准周期性,结果表明：我国平均气温的年际变化以２～３ａ周期振荡为主,同时１ａ左右的准同期振荡也较强,和同期北半球平均气温的准周期性有差异,不过它们的准１ａ周期振荡随时间的阶段性变化特征非常相似。将我国大致分成７个区域,对７个区域代表站气温进行奇异谱分析,结果表明：各区气温的准周期振荡及其随时间的变化互不相同。华北、东北、西北、和青藏高原４区气温以１ａ周期振荡最为显 相似文献
3.
广西近百年气温和降水序列的多时间尺度分析 总被引：3，自引：0，他引：3
对广西近百年平均气温及降水量变化进行了多时间尺度的层次结构研究,并与Nino3区的海温距平进行奇异交叉谱分析。结果表明：平均气温有较强上升趋势并伴有明显的准两年周期振荡;降水则呈下降趋势,主要周期为32 a左右及准两年振荡。1884至1910年代初,广西处于干冷期;1910年代初至1930年前后,处于湿冷期;1930年前后至1950年代后期,处于湿暖期;1950年代后期至1990年代前期,处于干暖期。ENSO事件3~7 a的周期对广西平均气温及降水影响显著,赤道太平洋海温变化对广西气温的影响主要表现在年代际变化上,对降水的影响主要体现在年际变化上。 相似文献
4.
《广东气象》2020,(3)
应用功率谱、Morlet小波变换和Butterworth带通滤波处理等方法,对1954—2018年台山站的年降水序列和逐日降水序列数据进行多尺度振荡特征分析。研究表明:台山站年降水量存在11～13、准4、准25年的周期振荡,前汛期降水量存在准13、2～5年的周期振荡,后汛期降水量存在7～8、准20、3～4、准11年的周期振荡。台山站逐日降水振荡基本表现为天气尺度振荡、准单周振荡、准双周振荡、季节内振荡和季节变化振荡等5种尺度,季节内及以下尺度振荡强度相当,季节变化振荡强度较弱。5种时间尺度的标准差,天气尺度最大,季节变化尺度最小,除季节变化振荡外均呈现出周期性循环特征。在汛期雨量偏少年,逐日降水较易呈现出准单周振荡和天气尺度振荡,而汛期雨量偏多年较易呈现出准双周振荡。 相似文献
5.
利用博州地区4个气象观测站1958--2006年的月平均气温和月降水量等资料,通过气候变化趋势、突变检验、小波变换等分析了近50a博州地区气候变化特征。表明,博州年平均气温处于增暖趋势,90年代前期出现突变;年降水量也呈增多趋势,90年代后期出现突变;气温与降水都具有准4a左右周期振荡： 相似文献
6.
利用博州地区4个气象观测站1958--2006年的月平均气温和月降水量等资料,通过气候变化趋势、突变检验、小波变换等分析了近50a博州地区气候变化特征.表明,博州年平均气温处于增暖趋势,90年代前期出现突变;年降水量也呈增多趋势,90年代后期出现突变;气温与降水都具有准4a左右周期振荡. 相似文献
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8.
近47年雅鲁藏布江中游地区汛期降水量的小波分析 总被引：3，自引：0，他引：3
根据雅鲁藏布江中游地区4个代表站(拉萨、泽当、日喀则和江孜)近47年(1960—2006年)月降水量总量资料,利用墨西哥帽小波函数,分析了该地区近47年汛期(5-9月)降水量序列的周期变化特征。结果表明:雅鲁藏布江中游地区汛期降水量存在准14年和准2年的周期振荡,其中日喀则和江孜站以准14年的周期为主,而拉萨和江孜站以准2年周期为主;在12-16年左右的时间尺度上经历了8个干湿交替,而准2年周期在1964-1976年和1984-1997年期间表现得尤为显著;20世纪70年代中期以后8年左右时间尺度的周期变化显著;在近47年内有5个时段出现了不同尺度周期振荡同位相叠加,致使降水量异常年份较多。 相似文献
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10.
根据河北省辛集气象站近54 a（1957-2010年）的月平均地面观测资料,采用气候统计学方法,分别从气温及降水的趋势变化、周期变化、突变特征等方面进行分析,总结该市近54 a气温及降水的变化特征。结果表明：1）近54 a来辛集市年平均气温、各季平均气温及极端最低气温呈显著上升趋势,四季中冬季增温趋势最明显,夏季增温幅度最弱,极端最低气温上升而极端最高气温下降,导致气温日较差减小;2）在20世纪60年代,年平均和冬季气温表现出准2～3 a的显著年际变化周期,年平均和春季气温还表现出准7 a的显著年际周期特征;3）该市年降水量近54 a来整体呈先增加后减少的变化趋势;4）年和夏秋季降水量在20世纪60年代均表现出准3～4 a的周期特征,而在春季准7 a的年际振荡贯穿始终;5）辛集市的气温变化趋势以及突变开始时间与全国、河北省以及石家庄地区近50 a气温变化基本一致,但该市的降水量变化则略有不同,降水量变化的长期趋势不显著且突变不明显,主要是由于降水量的时空变化差异性较大。 相似文献
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12.
Gholam Abbas Fallah-Ghalhary Majid Habibi-Nokhandan Mohammad Mousavi-Baygi Javad Khoshhal Akbar Shaemi Barzoki 《Theoretical and Applied Climatology》2010,101(1-2):217-233
This paper aims to study the relationship between large-scale synoptic patterns and rainfall in Khorasan Razavi Province. The adaptive neuro-fuzzy inference system (ANFIS) was used in this study to predict rainfall in the period between April and June in Khorasan Razavi Province. We first analyzed the relationship between average regional rainfall and the changes in synoptic patterns including sea-level pressure, sea-level pressure difference, sea-level temperature, temperature difference between sea level and the 1,000-hPa level, the temperature of the 700-hPa level, the thickness between the 500- and 1,000-hPa levels, the relative humidity at the 300-hPa level, and precipitable water content. We have examined the effect of synoptic patterns in these regions on the rainfall in the northeast region of Iran. Then, the ANFIS in the period 1970–1997 has been taught. Finally, we forecast the rainfall for the period 1998–2007. The results show that the ANFIS can predict the rainfall with reasonable accuracy. 相似文献
13.
Analysis of the All-India summer monsoon (June to September) rainfall for the period 1871 to 1978 has been made in order to understand the interannual and long-term variability of the monsoon. On a country level, India receives 85.31 cm mean monsoon rainfall which is 78%; of the annual rainfall. The coefficient of variation of monsoon rainfall at the country level is 9.5%;. The highest and lowest rainfall country level were observed in the years 1961 and 1877 respectively, the range being 41 cm about 48%; of the long term average. There are 13/9 years of large-scale deficit/excess in the 108-yr period. There is a continuous rise in the 10-yr mean rainfall from 1899 to 1953. There are four major climatic rainfall periods in the series. Correlogram and spectrum analysis showed significant 14-yr and 2.8-yr cycles respectively in 108-yr series; however detailed examination indicated that these cycles have developed during the last 30 yr of the data period. 相似文献
14.
A spectral analysis of Iberian Peninsula monthly rainfall 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
J. A. García A. Serrano M. de la Cruz Gallego 《Theoretical and Applied Climatology》2002,71(1-2):77-95
Summary A spectral analysis of Iberian Peninsula monthly rainfall series was carried out. The data set consists of monthly precipitation
records from 40 meteorological observatories over 74 years (1919–1992). The stations are representative of most of the Iberian
Peninsula. The rainfall series were analyzed spatially by means of Principal Component Analysis (PCA) and temporally by means
of the Multi-Taper Method (MTM) of spectral analysis of by Monte-Carlo Singular Spectrum Analysis (MCSSA). The PCA gave six
dominant modes of variation which explain 75% of the variance with each component affecting a different region of the Peninsula.
The spectral analysis showed 7 year oscillations for the dominant pattern and 2.7 and 16 years for the third pattern. The
7-year oscillation seems to be related to other climatic oscillations recorded in the northern hemisphere while the 2.7-year
oscillation could be related to the ENSO phenomenon.
Received July 18, 2000 Revised April 19, 2001 相似文献
15.
奇异交叉谱在海气相互作用诊断研究中的应用 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
利用SCSA（奇异交叉谱分析）方法,对中低纬海气及中低纬环流相互作用的耦合同期信号进行分析。结果表明：在3－7年尺度上海气相互作用关系密切,这个尺度与ENSO循环尺度基本一致,且其振荡行为与ENSO根荡相似．从这个意义上说在中低纬海气相互作用中,ENSO是个强信号;中低纬环流相互作用存在10－12年及准4年的优势耦合周期,其中准4年振荡和ENSO循环尺度相一致．这说明中低纬环流相互作用,除受ENSO影响外,自身还存在10年左右的振荡周期。 相似文献
16.
利用1961~1998年青藏高原123个气象台站常规地面观测资料，对近40年青藏高原地区的气候年代际变化特征进行分析。分析结果表明:20世纪80年代中后期青藏高原经历了一次气温、降水量、相对湿度显著增加的气候突变。以突变点为界，可以划分为两个时期，即从20世纪60年代初到80年代中后期，青藏高原为相对暖干时期，从20世纪80年代后期开始，青藏高原进入相对暖湿时期。由此，从气温、降水量、相对湿度的变化特征和突变理论上可以初步判断，20世纪80年代中后期青藏高原气候年代际变化实现了由暖干型向暖湿型的突变。青藏高原气温和降水突变早于相对湿度突变；青藏高原的增温、增湿现象主要发生在冬季；春季亦增温、增湿，但增幅小于冬季；夏季出现增温和略减湿现象；秋季为明显增温，但湿度无明显变化。 相似文献
17.
Tunisia is the world’s second largest olive oil-producing region after the European Union. This paper reports on the use of models to forecast local olive crops, using data for Tunisia’s five main olive-producing areas: Mornag, Jemmel, Menzel Mhiri, Chaal, and Zarzis. Airborne pollen counts were monitored over the period 1993–2011 using a Cour trap. Forecasting models were constructed using agricultural data (harvest size in tonnes of fruit/year) and data for several weather-related and phenoclimatic variables (rainfall, humidity, temperature, Growing Degree Days, and Chilling). Analysis of these data revealed that the amount of airborne pollen emitted over the pollen season as a whole (i.e., the Pollen Index) was the variable most influencing harvest size. Findings for all local models also indicated that the amount, timing, and distribution of rainfall (except during blooming) had a positive impact on final olive harvests. Air temperature also influenced final crop yield in three study provinces (Menzel Mhiri, Chaal, and Zarzis), but with varying consequences: in the model constructed for Chaal, cumulative maximum temperature from budbreak to start of flowering contributed positively to yield; in the Menzel Mhiri model, cumulative average temperatures during fruit development had a positive impact on output; in Zarzis, by contrast, cumulative maximum temperature during the period prior to flowering negatively influenced final crop yield. Data for agricultural and phenoclimatic variables can be used to construct valid models to predict annual variability in local olive-crop yields; here, models displayed an accuracy of 98, 93, 92, 91, and 88 % for Zarzis, Mornag, Jemmel, Chaal, and Menzel Mhiri, respectively. 相似文献
18.
We present the first tree-ring based reconstruction of rainfall for the Lake Tay region of southern Western Australia. We examined the response of Callitris columellaris to rainfall, the southern oscillation index (SOI), the southern annular mode (SAM) and surface sea temperature (SST) anomalies in the southern Indian Ocean. The 350-year chronology was most strongly correlated with rainfall averaged over the autumn-winter period (March–September; r = ?0.70, P < 0.05) and SOI values averaged over June–August (r = 0.25, P < 0.05). The chronology was not correlated with SAM or SSTs. We reconstructed autumn-winter rainfall back to 1655, where current and previous year tree-ring indices explained 54% of variation in rainfall over the 1902–2005 calibration period. Some variability in rainfall was lost during the reconstruction: variability of actual rainfall (expressed as normalized values) over the calibration period was 0.78, while variability of the normalized reconstructed values over the same period was 0.44. Nevertheless, the reconstruction, combined with spectral analysis, revealed that rainfall naturally varies from relatively dry periods lasting to 20–30 years to 15-year long periods of above average rainfall. This variability in rainfall may reflect low-frequency variation in the El Niño-Southern Oscillation rather than the effect of SAM or SSTs. 相似文献
19.
B. Parthasarathy K. Rupa Kumar N. A. Sontakke 《Theoretical and Applied Climatology》1990,42(2):93-110
Summary The relationship between the all-India summer monsoon rainfall and surface/upper air (850, 700, 500 and 200 mb levels) temperatures over the Indian region and its spatial and temporal characteristics have been examined to obtain a useful predictor for the monsoon rainfall. The data series of all-India and subdivisional summer monsoon rainfall and various seasonal air temperatures at 73 surface observatories and 9 radiosonde stations (1951–1980) have been used in the analysis. The Correlation Coefficients (CCs) between all-India monsoon rainfall and seasonal surface air temperatures with different lags relative to the monsoon season indicate a systematic relationship.The CCs between the monsoon rainfall and surface-air temperature of the preceding MAM (pre-monsoon spring) season are positive over many parts of India and highly significant over central and northwestern regions. The average surface air temperature of six stations i.e., Jodhpur, Ahmedabad, Bombay, Indore, Sagar and Akola in this region (Western Central India, WCI) showed a highly significant CC of 0.60 during the period 1951–1980. This relationship is also found to be consistently significant for the period from 1950 to present, though decreasing in magnitude after 1975. WCI MAM surface air temperature has shown significant CCs with the monsoon rainfall over eleven sub-divisions mainly in northwestern India, i.e., north of 15 °N and west of 80 °E.Upper air temperatures of the MAM season at almost all the stations and all levels considered show positive CCs with the subsequent monsoon rainfall. These correlations are significant at some central and north Indian stations for the lower and middle tropospheric temperatures.The simple regression equation developed for the period 1951–1980 isy = – 183.20 + 8.83x, wherey is the all-India monsoon rainfall in cm andx is the WCI average surface air temperature of MAM season in °C. This equation is significant at 0.1% level. The suitability of this parameter for inclusion in a predictive regression model along with five other global and regional parameters has been discussed. Multiple regression analysis for the long-range prediction of monsoon rainfall, using several combinations of these parameters indicates that the improvement of predictive skill considerably depends upon the selection of the predictors.With 9 Figures 相似文献
20.
In early summer (May–June, MJ) the strongest rainfall belt of the northern hemisphere occurs over the East Asian (EA) subtropical front. During this period the South China (SC) rainfall reaches its annual peak and represents the maximum rainfall variability over EA. Hence we establish an SC rainfall index, which is the MJ mean precipitation averaged over 72 stations over SC (south of 28°N and east of 110°E) and represents superbly the leading empirical orthogonal function mode of MJ precipitation variability over EA. In order to predict SC rainfall, we established a physical-empirical model. Analysis of 34-year observations (1979–2012) reveals three physically consequential predictors. A plentiful SC rainfall is preceded in the previous winter by (a) a dipole sea surface temperature (SST) tendency in the Indo-Pacific warm pool, (b) a tripolar SST tendency in North Atlantic Ocean, and (c) a warming tendency in northern Asia. These precursors foreshadow enhanced Philippine Sea subtropical High and Okhotsk High in early summer, which are controlling factors for enhanced subtropical frontal rainfall. The physical empirical model built on these predictors achieves a cross-validated forecast correlation skill of 0.75 for 1979–2012. Surprisingly, this skill is substantially higher than four-dynamical models’ ensemble prediction for 1979–2010 period (0.15). The results here suggest that the low prediction skill of current dynamical models is largely due to models’ deficiency and the dynamical prediction has large room to improve. 相似文献