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1.
利用国际古气候模拟对比计划第四阶段的多模式结果,分析了末次间冰期亚洲中部干旱区的干湿变化及机制。多模式集合平均结果表明,末次间冰期亚洲中部干旱区年降水减少0.7％,其中中亚地区的年降水减少2.8％,新疆地区年降水增加1.8％。水汽收支方程表明,末次间冰期中亚地区在雨季（冬春季）的降水变化主要与垂直动力项有关,新疆地区在雨季（夏季）的降水变化主要与垂直动力与热力项有关。此外,基于Penman-Montieth方法计算的亚洲中部干旱区的干旱指数在末次间冰期减小约10.2％,表明末次间冰期亚洲中部干旱区气候明显变干且存在旱区扩张的现象,这主要受到潜在蒸散变化的调控。潜在蒸散的增加进一步受到有效能量增加与地面风速增大的调控。本研究从模拟的角度揭示了末次间冰期亚洲中部干旱区干湿变化的可能特征及机制,在一定程度上有助于理解旱区气候在增暖情景下对轨道参数的响应特征。 相似文献
2.
基于对五道梁大气气溶胶来源的分析结果和青藏高原及其附近地区环流和天气特征，根据各源气溶胶的浓度变化与单站气象要素变化的关系，讨论了气溶胶的源区和输送。五道梁有两个稳定的污染排放源，全年均对该地低层大气有影响。 相似文献
3.
The direct and semi-direct radiative effects of anthropogenic aerosols on the radiative transfer and cloud fields in the Western United States (WUS) according to seasonal aerosol optical depth (AOD) and regional climate are examined using a regional climate model (RCM) in conjunction with the aerosol fields from a GEOS-Chem chemical-transport model (CTM) simulation. The two radiative effects cannot be separated within the experimental design in this study, thus the combined direct- and semi-direct effects are called radiative effects hereafter. The CTM shows that the AOD associated with the anthropogenic aerosols is chiefly due to sulfates with minor contributions from black carbon (BC) and that the AOD of the anthropogenic aerosol varies according to local emissions and the seasonal low-level winds. The RCM-simulated anthropogenic aerosol radiative effects vary according to the characteristics of regional climate, in addition to the AOD. The effects on the top of the atmosphere (TOA) outgoing shortwave radiation (OSRT) range from ?0.2?Wm?2 to ?1?Wm?2. In Northwestern US (NWUS), the maximum and minimum impact of anthropogenic aerosols on OSRT occurs in summer and winter, respectively, following the seasonal AOD. In Arizona-New Mexico (AZNM), the effect of anthropogenic sulfates on OSRT shows a bimodal distribution with winter/summer minima and spring/fall maxima, while the effect of anthropogenic BC shows a single peak in summer. The anthropogenic aerosols affect surface insolation range from ?0.6?Wm?2 to ?2.4?Wm?2, with similar variations found for the effects on OSRT except that the radiative effects of anthropogenic BC over AZNM show a bimodal distribution with spring/fall maxima and summer/winter minima. The radiative effects of anthropogenic sulfates on TOA outgoing longwave radiation (OLR) and the surface downward longwave radiation (DLRS) are notable only in summer and are characterized by strong geographical contrasts; the summer OLR in NWUS (AZNM) is reduced (enhanced) by 0.52?Wm?2 (1.14?Wm?2). The anthropogenic sulfates enhance (reduce) summer DLRS by 0.2?Wm?2 (0.65?Wm?2) in NWUS (AZNM). The anthropogenic BC affect DLRS noticeably only in AZNM during summer. The anthropogenic aerosols affect the cloud water path (CWP) and the radiative transfer noticeably only in summer when convective clouds are dominant. Primarily shortwave-reflecting anthropogenic sulfates decrease and increase CWP in AZNM and NWUS, respectively, however, the shortwave-absorbing anthropogenic BC reduces CWP in both regions. Due to strong feedback via convective clouds, the radiative effects of anthropogenic aerosols on the summer radiation field are more closely correlated with the changes in CWP than the AOD. The radiative effect of the total anthropogenic aerosols is dominated by the anthropogenic sulfates that contribute more than 80% of the total AOD associated with the anthropogenic aerosols. 相似文献
4.
利用2013年3月至2017年2月天津西青地基35通道微波辐射计观测资料,分析天津地区大气水汽和液态水特征。结果表明：天津地区各季节积分水汽和积分液态水的日变化趋势基本一致,均呈单峰型日变化特征,其中夏季最大,秋季次之,冬季最小。各季节积分水汽最大值出现在23：00时（北京时,下同）的概率均明显大于其他时次,夏季和冬季的积分液态水的最大值出现在14时的概率最大,春季和秋季分别出现在10时和13时的概率最大。天津地区水汽密度由地面至3.5 km处逐渐减小,递减梯度由夏季、秋季、春季和冬季的顺序依次增大,各季节从1.5 km往上日变化均不明显。1 km以下,春季、夏季和秋季平均水汽密度的日变化曲线呈双峰型,主峰值分别出现在08时、11时和12时左右。冬季呈单峰型变化,峰值区出现在12-16时。液态水密度随高度分层变化,夏季的液态水密度大值区（0.08-0.14 g·m-3）为5-6 km,在18-20时出现最大值。秋季、春季和冬季液态水密度的大值区出现的高度为1.5-3.5 km,但数值依次减小,春季和冬季的最大值出现在05时前后,秋季则出现在02时左右。另外天津地区水汽、液态水与温度和降水量的变化趋势基本一致,除夏季06-18时及冬季部分时次外,水汽与温度呈正相关。液态水与温度相关性较差,但与降水量呈正相关,全年液态水与降水量夜间的相关性大于白天。 相似文献
5.
Parth S. Mahapatra Sipra Panda Namrata Das Satyajit Rath Trupti Das 《Theoretical and Applied Climatology》2014,117(1-2):133-147
Black carbon (BC) mass concentration variation has been studied, over a period of 2 years (June 2010–May 2012) at Bhubaneswar. Daily, monthly and seasonal measurements revealed a clear winter maxima (5.6 μg/m3) of BC followed by post-monsoon (4.05 μg/m3), monsoon (3.02 μg/m3) and pre-monsoon (2.46 μg/m3). Nighttime BC mass concentrations have been found to be distinctly higher during winter followed by post-monsoon and monsoon. Investigations reveal that the winter maxima are due to a stable atmospheric condition and long-range transport over the Indo-Gangetic Plain and Western Asia. Local boundary layer dynamics and anthropogenic activities have been assumed to have a pronounced effect on the diurnal cycle seasonally. Statistical analysis suggests significant variation of BC during the months and non-significant during the days. The study also gives an insight into importance of BC study from health angle and suggests an assessment and management framework. Source apportionment study suggests that BC mass concentration observed at Bhubaneswar is generally dominated by fossil fuel combustion. 相似文献
6.
近40年中国饱和水汽压差时空变化及影响因素分析 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
基于全国600多个站点的逐月气象观测资料,利用Mann–Kendall检验、多元线性回归等方法分析了中国地区1980～2018年不同气候区（干旱区、湿润区、半干旱区与半湿润区）饱和水汽压差（Vapor Pressure Deficit,VPD）的时空变化特征,检测了影响中国地区饱和水汽压差变化的主导气象因素。结果发现:近40年来,我国湿润区和干旱区的夏季和冬季VPD分布呈相反格局,大部分地区4个季节VPD均呈上升趋势,春、夏两季在黄河流域以及东南沿海地区的上升趋势尤为显著。4个气候区的VPD均在21世纪初发生突变上升,其中湿润区突变年份偏早（1996年）,干旱区突变年份较晚（2004年）,且干旱区的上升幅度最大,约为0.04 kPa/10 a。影响饱和水汽压差增加的主导因子在不同气候区、不同季节有所差异,但总体而言,气温和绝对湿度的变化是影响我国VPD年际变化的主要因素。其中,2000年以后,影响半湿润区、半干旱区VPD变化的主导因子为气温,干旱区、湿润区为绝对湿度。 相似文献
7.
Lili Jin Qing He Zhenjie Li Rui Liu Ali Mamtimin Qilong Miao 《Meteorology and Atmospheric Physics》2014,126(1-2):91-103
Tazhong station, located at the hinterland of the Taklimakan Desert in northwest China, experiences frequent dusty weather events during spring and summer seasons (its dusty season) caused by unstable stratified atmosphere, abundant sand source and strong low-level wind. On average, it has 246.2 dusty days each year, of which 16.2 days are classified as sand and dust storm days. To better understand the characteristic of solar ultraviolet (UV) radiation and factors influencing its variations under such an extreme environment, UV radiation data were collected continuously from 2007 to 2011 at Tazhong station using UVS-AB-T radiometer by Kipp and Zonen. This study documents observational characteristics of the UV radiation variations observed during the five-year period. Monthly UV radiation in this region varied in the range of 14.1–37.8 MJ m?2 and the average annual amount was 320.7 MJ m?2. The highest value of UV radiation occurred in June (62.5 W m?2) while the lowest one in December (29.3 W m?2). It showed a notable diurnal cycle, with peak value at 12:00–13:00 LST. Furthermore, its seasonal variation exhibited some unique features, with averaged UV magnitude showing an order of summer > spring > autumn > winter. The seasonal values were 37.0, 29.1, 24.9 and 15.9 MJ m?2, respectively. In autumn and winter, its daily variations were relatively weak. However, significant daily variations were observed during spring and summer associated with frequent dust weather events occurring in the region. Further analysis showed that there was a significant correlation between the UV radiation and solar zenith angle under different weather conditions. Under the same solar zenith angle, UV radiation was higher during clear days while it was lower in sand and dust storm days. Our observations showed that there was a negative correlation between UV radiation and ozone, but such a relationship became absent in dusty days. The UV radiation was reduced by 6 % when cloud amount was 1–4 oktas, by 12 % when the cloud amount was 5–7 oktas, and by 24 % when the cloud amount was greater than 8 oktas. The relative reduction of UV radiation reached 26, 38, and 45 % in dust day, blowing sand day and sand and dust storm day, respectively. The results revealed that decrease in UV radiation can be attributed to cloud coverage and dust aerosols. Moreover, the reduction of UV radiation caused by dust aerosols was about 2–4 times greater than that caused by cloud coverage. These observational results are of value for improving our understanding of processes controlling UV radiation over sand desert and developing methods for its estimation and prediction. 相似文献
8.
根据全球气溶胶气候模式GEM-AQ/EC的1995~2004年模拟,分析了青藏高原大气黑碳气溶胶的来源、传输及沉降季节特征。研究表明:青藏高原黑碳气溶胶主要来自自由对流层和大气边界层的输送。相对于自由对流层的黑碳输送,紧邻青藏高原的南亚、东亚以及东南亚大气边界层的输送更有效,它形成了青藏高原由北向南、自西往东黑碳气溶胶浓度和沉降明显递增的基本分布形态。横跨欧亚大陆自由对流层的黑碳气溶胶由西向东向青藏高原的输送全年不变,夏季输送路径最北但强度最弱,冬季路径最南而强度最强。大气边界层黑碳气溶胶的输送受控于亚洲季风环流变化,来自南亚的黑碳气溶胶在春季越过孟加拉湾传输进入高原东南部,夏季则可翻越喜马拉雅山抵达青藏高原南部腹地;同时我国中部排放的黑碳气溶胶也在东亚夏季风向北扩展中驱动它从东向西往青藏高原东北部传输。从秋季到冬季,随着夏季风撤退,南亚黑碳源区向青藏高原传输衰退,东亚冬季风的反气旋性环流的南侧及西南侧的偏东风携带秋季我国东南部源区和冬季东南亚源区黑碳气溶胶向青藏高原东南部传输。受青藏高原明显的暖湿季和干冷季气候影响,干湿沉降分别主导了青藏高原冬季和夏季黑碳沉降,夏季青藏高原黑碳气溶胶沉降总量大多超过8~10 kg·km-2,在高原东北部的最高值超过40 kg·km-2。冬季青藏高原黑碳气溶胶沉降量最低,大部地区黑碳沉降低于5 kg·km-2。青藏高原黑碳沉降的冬夏季节相差约为2~8倍。 相似文献
9.
B. Shifteh Some’e Azadeh Ezani Hossein Tabari 《Theoretical and Applied Climatology》2013,111(1-2):149-160
The spatiotemporal trends of aridity index in the arid and semi-arid regions of Iran in 1966–2005 were investigated using the Mann–Kendall test and Theil–Sen’s slope estimator. The results of the analysis showed negative trends in annual aridity index at 55 % of the stations, while just one site had a statistically significant (α?=?0.1) negative trend. Furthermore, the positive trends in the annual aridity index series were significant at the 95 % confidence level at Bushehr and Isfahan stations. The significant negative trend in the annual aridity index was obtained over Mashhad at the rate of ?0.004. In the seasonal series, the negative trends in the spring and winter aridity index were larger compared with those in the other seasonal series. A noticeable decrease in the winter aridity index series was observed mostly in the southeast of the study area. In the summer and autumn aridity index, two significant positive trends were found. 相似文献
10.
利用葫芦岛观测站1980—2009年观测资料,分析了葫芦岛沿岸海陆风风速的季节特征和日变化规律,以及海陆风环流对沿岸环境的影响。结论如下:1)葫芦岛站点在冬季出现海陆风日数最多,其他依次为秋季、夏季和春季。陆风风速从春季到冬季呈现递减趋势;海风在春季最大,其次为秋季的,冬季的最小。总体上,海陆风日中海风要强于陆风。2)对海陆风风速椭圆拟合结果表明,海陆风在10:32由陆风转化为海风,海风在16:32达到最大,在21:42由海风转化为陆风,陆风在04:32达到最大。3)由于海风的存在,沿岸地带在春夏两季日最高气温在12时出现,秋冬季的在13时出现。4)能见度日变化在四季中表现一致,早晨能见度转好的时刻比最低气温出现时刻滞后约2 h,在海风维持较长时间后空气绝对湿度增加导致能见度开始转差。5)冬季静止型海陆风日比例最高,再循环型海陆风日在秋季出现最多,而夏季通风型海陆风日出现最多。 相似文献
11.
邻接青藏高原地区的中国西北地区是最大的欧亚干旱区,其降水变化对全球变化的响应和对干旱环境及其青藏高原气候变化都具有特殊的指示意义。基于1961～2018年中国西北地区144个站的逐日降水、逐月气温观测资料,分析了西北地区的降水变化特征及趋势。结果表明:（1）近60年以来,西北地区92%站点的年降水量呈现增加的趋势,只有甘肃东南部不到10%的站点呈下降趋势;（2）季节尺度上,春、夏、秋季中超过75%站点的降水呈现增加的趋势,但最显著的是,几乎所有站点在冬季的降水为增加趋势,秋、冬季降水的增加相对较少,反映了冬季风对西北地区降水影响的特点;（3）进入21世纪以来,西北地区夏季和年降水量仍然维持准3 a周期特征,春、秋季的周期具有阶段性、冬季降水量具有较稳定的约3 a周期,因此,自然周期变化对降水增加的贡献并不大。西北地区降水量在过去60年来确实呈现出增加趋势,尤其21世纪以来降水量持续增加,但增加的量是有限的,不足以改变其干旱半干旱的气候特征。 相似文献
12.
长江三角洲区域本底大气中致酸气体体积分数变化特征 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
利用2003-12—2004-11浙江临安区域大气本底站大气NOx、SO2体积分数的连续观测资料,分析其季节变化和日变化特征。结果表明：长江三角洲区域本底大气中致酸气体NOx、SO2体积分数值均为冬季最高,分别为23.81×10^-9和37.3×10^-9,主要受来自东北方向宁、沪区域城市群的相对高浓度污染物随气团传输影响;夏季最低,主要是局地源的贡献。降水对SO2去除作用明显,对NOx去除效果不大。NOx体积分数值冬季的日变化最为明显,呈现出一低一高的双峰型,09：00出现较高体积分数值,18：00出现最高体积分数值;而夏季为单峰型日变化,07：00出现最高体积分数值。SO2冬、春季的日变化明显,最高体积分数值出现在06：00左右,最低体积分数值出现在15：00左右。该区域NO2全年空气质量达到《环境空气质量标准》（GB 30952—1996）一级标准,SO2冬、春季超标较多,受到人类活动影响较明显。NO2和SO2空气污染指数在12月最大,分别为50和93。该区域NO2和SO2并未出现“周末效应”。 相似文献
13.
湿地小气候效应特征研究 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
湿地对局地小气候具有调节作用,研究湿地小气候效应特征能更具体地了解湿地对局地小气候的影响。本文以河北省衡水市的衡水湖为例,利用衡水市11个常规气象观测站数据,通过对湖区及湖区外各季节不同气象要素的对比,对衡水湖各个季节的小气候效应进行了分析。结果表明:（1）衡水湖具有冷岛效应、湿岛效应和风岛效应,能够调节周围的气候特征;（2）衡水湖的小气候效应具有季节特征,衡水湖各季节平均的冷岛效应由强到弱依次为春季、冬季、秋季、夏季,湿岛效应由强到弱分别为夏季、春季、秋季、冬季,风岛效应由强到弱依次为春季、夏季、冬季、秋季,春季小气候效应最强;（3）衡水湖的小气候效应具有昼夜特征,夜晚的冷岛效应强于白天,湿岛和风岛效应正相反,白天的强度大于夜晚。 相似文献
14.
Seasonal Variation of Columnar Aerosol Optical Properties in Yangtze River Delta in China 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
In order to understand the seasonal variation of aerosol optical properties in the Yangtze River Delta,5 years of measurements were conducted during September 2005 to December 2009 at Taihu,China.The monthly averages of aerosol optical depth were commonly >0.6;the maximum seasonal average(0.93) occurred in summer.The magnitude of the Angstr¨om exponent was found to be high throughout the year;the highest values occurred in autumn(1.33) and were the lowest in spring(1.08).The fine modes of volume size distribution showed the maxima(peaks) at a radius of ～0.15 μm in spring,autumn,and winter;at a radius of ～0.22 μm in summer.The coarse modes showed the maxima(peaks) at a radius of 2.9 μm in spring,summer,and autumn and at a radius of 3.8 μm in winter.The averages of single-scattering albedo were 0.92(spring),0.92(summer),0.91(autumn),and 0.88(winter).The averages of asymmetry factor were found to be larger in summer than during other seasons;they were taken as 0.66 at 440-1020 nm over Taihu.The real part of the refractive index showed a weak seasonal variation,with averages of 1.48(spring),1.43(summer),1.45(autumn),and 1.48(winter).The imaginary parts of the refractive index were higher in winter(0.013) than in spring(0.0076),summer(0.0092),and autumn(0.0091),indicating that the atmosphere in the winter had higher absorbtivity. 相似文献
15.
利用郑州机场近9 a（2004-2012年）地面气象观测资料,分析了能见度的年、季节和日变化特征,并统计了低能见度出现的天数。结果表明：郑州机场年平均能见度仅为4 219 m,平均每年上升约69 m,秋季上升速率最快,冬季最慢,出现小于1500 m、800 m和600 m能见度的天数均呈下降趋势;能见度月际变化特征十分明显,春季平均能见度最好,秋季和冬季较差,低能见度出现的天数以秋、冬季较多,春、夏季较少;日变化特征除夏季外,春、秋、冬季能见度都呈现双峰双谷型变化,能见度16时最佳,凌晨4时最差。 相似文献
16.
1961—2017年云南季节变化特征分析 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
参照《中华人民共和国气象行业标准-气候季节划分》（QX/T 152-2012）中关于气候季节的定义标准,利用1961-2017年云南122个气象站的气温资料,分析了云南的气候季节区域的空间分布和季节开始日期及长度的变化趋势。云南共有4种气候季节区域,分别是四季分明区、无夏区、无冬区和常春区。无夏区范围最广,无冬区其次。不同年代四种季节气候区域空间分布范围不尽相同,无夏区和无冬区空间范围变化最显著。2011年以后云南出现四季分明区范围明显增大的现象,这与近年来气候变暖背景下云南气温年较差增大的观测事实相一致。云南四季分明区春季和秋季较长,夏季和冬季较短。无夏区秋季最长、春季次之、冬季最短。无冬区夏季最长、春季和秋季长度接近。不同气候季节区域间春季和夏季开始日期的变化均呈提早趋势,秋季和冬季开始日期有推迟的趋势;在季节长度变化上,夏季增长,冬季变短,但春秋季长度的变化不尽相同。 相似文献
17.
为了全面把握20世纪80年代以来中国生态脆弱区气候变化的特征,利用基于全国2000多个站点的格点化逐月资料,对中国典型生态脆弱区1980～2014年的日平均气温、日最高和最低气温、降水、相对湿度、风速和蒸发皿蒸发量的变化特征进行了分析。结果表明:（1）中国生态脆弱区日平均气温、日最高和最低气温几乎都呈上升趋势;日平均气温增幅北方大于南方;北方生态脆弱区日平均气温、日最高和最低气温、南方生态脆弱区日最低气温的季节增幅多为春季最大,秋季或冬季最小。（2）全区平均降水变化趋势不明显;生态脆弱区降水距平百分率春季多为增长趋势,夏季多为减少趋势,秋、冬季和年北方多为增长趋势,南方多为减少趋势。（3）相对湿度以减少趋势为主,只有黄土高原南部脆弱区秋、冬季和干旱半干旱区脆弱区冬季相对湿度距平百分率的趋势为正,这几个正值区同时也是降水增长大值区。（4）风速基本为减少趋势,春季减少趋势最大。（5）全区平均蒸发皿蒸发量春、夏季和年为减少趋势,冬季为增长趋势;北方生态脆弱区蒸发皿蒸发量四季和年多呈减少趋势;南方生态脆弱区蒸发皿蒸发量春、夏季以减少趋势为主,秋、冬季和年呈增长趋势。 相似文献
18.
The seasonal and diurnal variations of cloud systems are profoundly affected by the large-scale and local environments. In this study, a one-year-long simulation was conducted using a two-dimensional cloud-resolving model over the Eastern Tibetan Plateau (ETP) and two subregions of Eastern China: Southern East China and Central East China. Deep convective clouds (DCCs) rarely occur in the cold season over ETP, whereas DCCs appear in Eastern China throughout the year, and the ETP DCCs are approximately 20%?30% shallower than those over Eastern China. Most strong rainfall events (precipitation intensity, PI> 2.5 mm h?1) in Eastern China are related to warm-season DCCs with ice cloud processes. Because of the high elevation of the ETP, the warm-season freezing level is lower than in Eastern China, providing favorable conditions for ice cloud processes. DCCs are responsible for the diurnal variations of warm-season rainfall in all three regions. Warm-season DCCs over the ETP have the greatest total cloud water content and frequency in the afternoon, resulting in an afternoon rainfall peak. In addition, rainfall events in the ETP also exhibit a nocturnal peak in spring, summer, and autumn due to DCCs. Strong surface heat fluxes around noon can trigger or promote DCCs in spring, summer, and autumn over the ETP but produce only cumulus clouds in winter due to the cold and dry environment. 相似文献
19.
Judit Bartholy Rita Pongrácz Margit Pattantyús-Ábrahám 《Theoretical and Applied Climatology》2009,96(1-2):133-144
Midlatitude cyclones are analyzed on a selected region covering most of southern Europe and the western part of the Mediterranean Sea (35–50°N, 10°W–25°E). On the basis of mean sea level pressure fields of the ECMWF (European Centre for Medium-range Weather Forecast) Reanalysis Dataset (ERA-40), detailed evaluation of Mediterranean cyclones is accomplished for the period between 1957 and 2002 on a 1° horizontal resolution grid. Cyclone centers are identified and their paths are tracked with a 6-h time step (using 00 UTC, 06 UTC, 12 UTC, and 18 UTC). Decadal, annual, and seasonal statistical analysis of cyclone tracks includes the study of the genesis, frequency, and activity of the Mediterranean cyclones as well as the variability of cyclone tracks. The results suggest that the cyclone frequency in the western Mediterranean region increased in summer and autumn, and decreased in winter and spring. A special belt-shaped area is identified, which plays a special role in cyclogenesis, and also, the cyclone tracks often remain within this belt. An overall decreasing trend is detected in winter and spring in the entire Mediterranean belt, while cyclone frequency increased in autumn. The largest positive and negative trend coefficients are identified in summer. 相似文献
20.
利用2010年2月乌鲁木齐大气成分观测站黒碳仪观测数据,结合散射系数及常规观测资料,对乌鲁木齐冬季黑碳气溶胶浓度变化特征进行了分析,并通过气流后向轨迹进行了来源分析。结果表明：(1)观测期间BC质量浓度日平均值为12707±4673 ng.m-3,浓度变化范围为4916~22997 ng.m-3,散射系数日均值为1086±561Mm-1,变化范围为350~2232 Mm-1。BC质量浓度和散射系数日均值变化趋势基本一致;(2)BC质量浓度日变化具有明显的峰值和谷值,峰值分别出现在9~11时和20~22时,谷值分别出现在4~6时和16~18时,散射系数与BC质量浓度日变化趋势基本一致,相对其有一定的滞后。春节期间燃放烟花爆竹对空气污染物浓度上升有明显作用,显著影响BC质量浓度日变化规律;(3)乌鲁木齐冬季大气层结稳定,污染物不易扩散,风速和降水对黑碳气溶胶浓度具有明显的稀释作用。在乌鲁木齐特殊的地形和气象条件下,本地源排放与来自周边城市群污染物输送的叠加使得污染更加严重。 相似文献