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21世纪是海洋世纪，开发海洋资源，发展海洋经济已成为国内外沿海地区实现经济振兴的重要举措。辽宁是海洋大省，海洋资源开发潜力较大对于加快发展海洋经济，建设“海上辽宁”，推动辽宁老工业基地的全面振兴，具有重要意义。文章以辽宁省为例，在分析海洋经济和东北地区经济发展现状的基础上探讨了海洋经济在振兴东北中重要的拉动作用。 相似文献
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海洋科学技术成为促进海洋资源开发、推动海洋经济发展、实施海洋环境保护和海洋管理的核心力量。在这种背景下,对海洋科技创新的概念、发展模式、影响因素等开展相关理论和对策研究显得十分必要和迫切。文章以科技创新理论为基础,结合海洋资源开发及海洋经济发展的相关特征,对海洋科技创新的概念进行了界定,论述了其特点及发展模式,最后提出了提高海洋科技创新能力的对策。 相似文献
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实施科技兴海战略,发展海洋高新技术产业,这既是发展海洋经济的重要途径,也是科技兴海的重要目标。要以高新科技为支撑,合理开发和利用海洋资源,切实保护海洋生态环境,实现海洋资源环境的可持续利用和海洋高新技术产业的协调发展。一、海洋科技发展的现状与问题海洋是宁波的一大特色,也是宁波的一大优势。宁波的海域面积大于陆域面积,拥有港、渔、景、涂四大海洋资源优势。发展海洋高新技术产业,是开发海洋资源,发展海洋经济的重要途径。“九五”期间是宁波市海洋经济发展的最快时期,海洋资源开发步伐加快,科学研究进一步深入,… 相似文献
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根据国际通行惯例，海洋产业(marine industry)是指开发利用和保护海洋资源而形成的各种物质生产和非物质生产部门的总和，即：人类利用海洋资源和海洋空间所进行的各类生产和服务活动，或人类在海洋中及以海洋资源为对象的社会生产、交换、分配和消费的活动。这 相似文献
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开发海洋资源．发展海洋经济，建设“海上苏东”．是江苏省一项重大的战略举措。到2005年，江苏省海洋经济发展目标是力争把全省沿海地区建成水平较高的海水养殖基地、重要的海洋制品加工基地、新兴的海洋科技创新基地。 相似文献
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20世纪80年代以后，随着我国社会主义市场经济新体制的逐步确立，促使我国海洋科研开发和海洋经济得到不断的发展。尤其进入21世纪，各沿海国家间频繁的交往和贸易，更加快了全球海洋经济的发展。为使海洋资源环境可持续发展，提高我国在海洋技术领域的国际竞争能力，需要快速发展海洋科研开发技 相似文献
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《Ocean & Coastal Management》2008,51(3):246-258
We develop an index that is a measure of the intensity of marine activities in large marine ecosystems (LMEs). We compare this marine activity index with an index of socioeconomic development across ocean regions. This comparison identifies regions that may be capable of achieving the sustainable development of their regional marine environment on their own and those that are less likely to do so. The latter may be candidates for international financial or management assistance. An important next step is to carry out detailed case studies designed to improve our understanding of any specific ocean region. 相似文献
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海洋渔业对海洋生态系统的影响越来越受到人们的重视,考虑生态系统的管理已经成为海洋渔业管理的发展趋势.作者分析了海洋渔业对海洋生态系统产生的影响,包括捕捞活动对目标和非目标种产生的危害、渔业资源栖息地和环境破坏、生物多样性降低等;分析了国际上考虑生态系统的海洋渔业管理的法律框架、国际组织和有关国家的实践及其具体措施,指出了中国在此方面存在的问题:海洋生态系统的基础科学研究缺乏系统性和全面性;基于生态系统的海洋渔业管理的理论研究比较缺乏;相关的法律框架不够完善等.讨论了应用生态系统方法的海洋渔业管理与传统的海洋渔业管理间的关系,指出生态系统方法在其实践中将存在各种问题,认为生态系统方法应有选择地应用.对中国海洋渔业管理如何应用生态系统方法,建议:(1)加强海洋生态系统的基础科学研究;(2)开展基于生态系统的海洋渔业管理理论和方法研究;(3)逐步建立相关的法律和制度框架;(4)开展广泛的多部门合作和国际合作. 相似文献
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Essential ecological insights for marine ecosystem-based management and marine spatial planning 总被引：4，自引：2，他引：2
The abrupt decline in the sea's capacity to provide crucial ecosystem services requires a new ecosystem-based approach for maintaining and recovering biodiversity and integrity. Ecosystems are places, so marine spatial planners and managers must understand the heterogeneity of biological communities and their key components (especially apex predators and structure-forming species), and of key processes (e.g., population connectivity, interaction webs, biogeochemistry) that maintain them, as well as heterogeneity of human uses. Maintaining resistance and resilience to stressors is crucial. Because marine populations and ecosystems exhibit complex system behaviors, managers cannot safely assume they will recover when stressors are reduced, so prevention is a far more robust management strategy than seeking a cure for degraded systems. 相似文献
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《Marine Policy》2013
Conflict surrounding commercial fisheries is a common phenomenon when diverse stakeholders are involved. Harvesting reef fish for the global ornamental fish trade has provoked conflict since the late 1970s in the State of Hawaii. Two decades later the state of Hawaii established a network of marine protected areas (MPAs) on the west coast of the island of Hawaii (“West Hawaii”) to protect and enhance the fish resources and alleviate conflict between stakeholders, principally between commercial dive tour operators and aquarium fishers. The perceptions held by these stakeholders on West Hawaii and Maui were evaluated to understand how MPAs influenced conflict dimensions, as the former location had a well-established MPA network designed to alleviate conflict, while the latter did not. This was accomplished by analyzing the following questions: (1) perceptions about the effectiveness of MPAs to alleviate conflict and enhance reef fish; (2) perceived group encounters and threats to coral reefs; (3) willingness to encourage fishing; and (4) value orientations toward the aquarium fish trade. The results indicate the MPAs in West Hawaii were moderately effective for alleviating conflict, encounters between stakeholders occurred on both islands, dive operators strongly opposed commercial fishing and perceived aquarium fishing as a serious threat to the coral reef ecosystem, and polarized value orientations toward the aquarium fish trade confirms pervasive social values conflict. The conflict between these groups was also asymmetrical. MPAs are inadequate for resolving long term conflict between groups who hold highly dissimilar value orientations toward the use of marine resources. Future marine spatial planning and MPA setting processes should include stakeholder value and conflict assessments to avoid and manage tensions between competing user groups. 相似文献