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1.
渤海海峡潮流能高分辨率数值估算   总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1       下载免费PDF全文
利用非结构化网格有限体积方法的海洋模式FVCOM建立了一个高分辨率的渤海潮汐潮流模型,通过与历史结果和实测资料的对比证明了模型的可靠性,然后描述了渤海海峡的潮波运动状况,以模型垂向平均流速为基础对渤海海峡的潮流能进行了估算。结果表明,渤海海峡的潮流以往复流为主;最大可能流速的最大值出现在老铁山西角,为3.3m/s;对于平均能流密度大于100W/m2的海区,老铁山角附近达515.9km2,比登州水道大一个量级,而登州水道比其余诸水道均大一个量级。  相似文献   

2.
琼州海峡潮流能资源的数值模拟评估   总被引:2,自引:1,他引:1  
近年来,我国能源消耗量不断的增长使我们更加重视可再生能源的开发利用,而我国近海拥有复杂的海岸线和广阔的大陆架,其中许多海域蕴藏着丰富的潮流能资源。潮流能资源评估则是其电站站址选择、发电量预测等工程设计的首要工作。结合两个站位的潮流实测数据,本文利用FVCOM海洋环流数值模式较好的模拟了琼州海峡潮波传播状况,分析了该海域潮流能资源水平分布规律和时间变化特征,初步估算了该水道的潮流能的理论蕴藏量,并采用FLUX方法对该水道的技术可开发量进行了评估。结果表明,琼州海峡中心海域功率密度高,两岸资源低;可能最大流速、大潮年平均最大功率密度、小潮年平均功率密度和年平均功率密度等特征值分布基本相似;其丰富区域出现在海峡东口南部海域以及海峡中部海域,其中东口南部海域可能最大流速可达4.6 m/s,表层流大潮年平均最大功率密度为5996 W/m2,小潮平均最大功率密度仅为467 W/m2,年平均功率密度为819 W/m2,代表点超过0.7 m/s的潮流流速年统计时间约为4717 h;海峡潮流能资源理论蕴藏量为189.55MW,利用FLUX、FARM、GC方法得到该水道的潮流能可开发量分别为249GW/yr、20.2GW/yr和263GW/yr。  相似文献   

3.
张春玲  许建平 《海洋通报》2014,33(6):647-658
采用无结构三角形网格海洋数值模式FVCOM,建立厦门湾及其邻近海域三维潮汐潮流数值模型。通过模型计算结 果统计其潮流能要素特征表明:大小潮期间平均流速较大区域主要发生在金门水道、金门北东水道、厦门东侧水道、九龙江 口至青屿水道以及安海湾口门附近海域;该海域最大可能流速最大值可达到2.2 m/s,发生在金门北东水道,金门水道次之; 金门水道一年内垂向平均流速超过1 m/s的时间占28.3 %;金门水道潮流能蕴藏量为2 917 kW。  相似文献   

4.
陈金瑞 《海洋通报》2013,32(6):641-647
采用无结构三角形网格海洋数值模式FVCOM,建立厦门湾及其邻近海域三维潮汐潮流数值模型。通过模型计算结 果统计其潮流能要素特征表明:大小潮期间平均流速较大区域主要发生在金门水道、金门北东水道、厦门东侧水道、九龙江 口至青屿水道以及安海湾口门附近海域;该海域最大可能流速最大值可达到2.2 m/s,发生在金门北东水道,金门水道次之; 金门水道一年内垂向平均流速超过1 m/s的时间占28.3 %;金门水道潮流能蕴藏量为2 917 kW。  相似文献   

5.
成山头外潮流能初步估算   总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1  
应用短期潮流调和分析方法,对成山头外一定点连续观测站的潮流数据进行分析,计算了O1,K1,M2,S2,M4,MS4 6个主要分潮潮流调和常数及椭圆要素,分析了成山头外海区潮流的变化特征,通过潮流预报计算了该海域的潮流功率密度。结果表明:基于调和分析的潮流预报流速与实测流速吻合良好;成山头外海域表层、中层、底层的潮流平均功率密度分别为327 W/m2,219 W/m2,115 W/m2,垂向平均的平均功率密度为225 W/m2,该海域的潮流能理论蕴藏量为1.77×107 W。  相似文献   

6.
渤海东部发育了典型的潮流动力地貌体系,它由老铁山水道冲刷槽、辽东浅滩沙脊和渤中浅滩沙席三者组成。前者为潮流侵蚀区,后两者为潮流沉积区。老铁山水道表层最大流速可达5kn,潮流强烈侵蚀海底;辽东浅滩表层最大流速1.3~2.3kn,M2分潮椭率绝对值小于0.4,潮流往复性强,形成潮流沙脊;渤中浅滩表层最大流速为1.2~1.6kn,M2分期椭率绝对值大于0.4,潮流旋转性强,形成潮流沙席。6号沙脊南端详测区的旁侧声纳镶嵌日显示的微地貌形态有海底沙丘、沙条、彗星尾标志和冲刷沟,表明沙席和沙脊均是现代潮流作用形成的底形。该潮流动力地貌体系中,净沉积物搬运从老铁山水道至两潮流浅滩;在详测区净沉积物搬运从南向北。  相似文献   

7.
渤海东部潮流动力地貌特征   总被引:9,自引:0,他引:9  
渤海东部发育了典型的潮流动力地貌体系,它由老铁山水道冲刷槽、辽东浅滩沙脊和渤中浅滩沙席三者组成。前者为潮流侵蚀区,后两者为潮流沉积区。老铁山水道表层最大流速可达5kn,潮流强烈侵蚀海底;辽东浅滩表层最大流速1.3 ̄2.3kn,M2分潮椭率绝对值小于0.4,潮流往复强,形成潮流沙脊;渤中浅滩表层最大流速为1.2 ̄1.6kn,M2分分潮椭率绝对值大于0.4,潮流旋转性强,形成潮流沙席。6号沙脊南端详测  相似文献   

8.
浙江舟山海域是我国沿海潮流能试验研究和开发利用的热点区域,灌门水道即舟山海域著名的强潮流通道。首先,通过建立平面二维潮流数学模型,分析研究了灌门水道的潮流能资源分布特征,估算了其潮流能资源蕴藏量和技术可开发利用量。其次,分析了在灌门水道开展潮流能开发利用所需要面临的各种限制因素,对潮流能发电示范项目的开发条件进行了初步分析评估。研究成果显示,灌门水道内的最大流速普遍超过3 m/s,平均能流密度普遍超过3 k W/m2,可作为在本区域开展潮流能开发利用选址规划的重要依据。  相似文献   

9.
利用海洋模式FVCOM(FiniteVolume,primitiveequationCommunityOceanModel)建立了一个高分辨率的舟山附近海域潮汐潮流模型,通过与历史实测资料进行对比验证了模型模拟结果的可靠性,表明模型可以较好地描述舟山附近海域潮汐潮流运动状况。基于模型的模拟结果,估算与分析了舟山西堠门水道的潮流能资源,结果表明,西堠门水道的潮流以往复流为主,年平均流速和年最大流速分别超过1.2m/s和2.6m/s,年平均能流密度和年最大能流密度分别超过1.2kW/m2 和6.5kW/m2;西堠门水道的平均流速和平均能流密度存在3处峰值区,其值大小由西北向东南递增;西堠门水道流速和能流密度的季节分布特征相似,1月(冬季)的流速和能流密度最大,4月(春季)和10月(秋季)次之,7月(夏季)最小。结合潮流能发电站选址原则,本文认为册子岛西北岬角处海域可选为西堠门水道潮流能发电站的最佳场址,其总平均功率和有效功率分别为30.0 MW 和4.5 MW,与当前已经运行的潮流能发电站相比较,该选址区域的发电能力较为可观,具有极大开发潜力。  相似文献   

10.
本文采用三维数值模拟的方法,研究了渤海海峡潮位、潮流特征以及各水道的潮通量。结果表明:渤海海峡潮时整体由南向北延迟,南部与北部相差约40 min;渤海海峡潮波兼具前进波和驻波性质,一个潮周期内两次高低潮流速相差较大,最大流速位于老铁山水道,大部分落潮时潮流由北黄海流向渤海,涨潮时相反;落急时表层流速明显大于底层,涨急时表底层流速变化不明显;渤海海峡大潮期落潮潮通量大于涨潮潮通量,总潮通量约1 224.939 6×10~8 m~3,老铁山水道的潮通量占整个海峡潮通量的68.13%。  相似文献   

11.
长江河口北槽弯道横向次生流、混合与层化   总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1       下载免费PDF全文
2013年2月25至26日(枯季/大潮)、7月23至24日(洪季/大潮)分别在长江河口北槽弯道沿着3条横向测线CS6、CSW和CS3(每条测线上有北、中、南3个站位)测得水位、流速、盐度和含沙量的时间序列资料。通过这些资料的定量计算、分析,理解弯道横向次生流、混合与层化的时、空变化和各种物理机制及其相对重要性。3条横向测线均存在横向次生流,且横向测线CS3还出现横向次生环流。枯、洪季,仅在横向测线CS6、CS3出现环状欧拉余流。枯、洪季,沿着横向测线CS3,3个站位的横向斜压梯度比离心加速度和科氏加速度都大1~2个数量级,而后两项大小接近且数量级都是10-4,罗斯贝数在1左右。这些表明:横向次生流受横向斜压梯度、离心加速度和科氏加速度共同驱动,前一项相对于后两项更加重要。沿着3条横向测线:1)枯、洪季大潮,平均势能差异分别约为54.23、66.56 J/m3,表明洪季层化强于枯季;2)枯季涨潮,平均的势能差异普遍小于落潮,而洪季涨潮,平均的势能差异普遍大于落潮,表明枯、洪季湍流混合均存在潮汐不对称性;3)枯季,由横向、纵向水深平均应变(ΦS-y、ΦS-x)引起的势能差异变化率的范围分别是-67×10~(-3)~37×10~(-3)、-7×10~(-3)~11×10~(-3)W/m~3,而洪季,相应的范围分别是-45×10~(-3)~30×10~(-3)、-14×10~(-3)~13×10~(-3)W/m~3,表明枯、洪季差异不明显,横向水深平均应变(ΦS-y)均大于纵向水深平均应变(ΦS-x),前项对水体混合与层化的影响更大;4)枯季大潮,纵向平流(ΦA-x)、横向平流(ΦA-y)、纵向水深平均应变(ΦS-x)和横向水深平均应变(ΦS-y)的潮汐平均绝对值占四项总和之比例分别为26%、33%、18%和23%,而洪季大潮,相应的值的比例分别为13%、9%、22%和56%,表明枯季,平流项(ΦA-y最大)对混合与层化的控制可能占主导地位;洪季,应变项(ΦS-y最大)可能占主导地位。无量纲数(m)被用于判别横向平流(ΦA-y)、横向水深-平均应变(ΦS-y)的相对重要性。一个概念性模式被用于显示层化与横向次生流/环流的相互关系。  相似文献   

12.
一种新型鲸鱼式潮流能发电装置的设计与试验研究   总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1  
王世明  李泽宇  申玉  陈炳 《海洋工程》2019,37(3):128-135
为了进一步提高潮流能的利用率,提出了一种新型鲸鱼式潮流能发电装置。借鉴风机叶片设计方法及水平轴水轮机的设计原理,利用结构力学、流体力学和CFD相关方法,对该装置的螺旋桨叶、导流筒和固定桩等部件进行了设计研究,从获能效果、装置可靠性和发电功率等方面进行了优化设计,并通过900 W样机试验验证了设计的有效性。试验结果显示,海流高潮期装置最大发电功率可达到980 W,一天内大约有4个缓潮期,此间发电功率明显下降,但持续时间不长,总体平均发电功率在800 W上下;同时潮流能轮机启动流速在0.41 m/s左右,有着良好的低速启动性能。  相似文献   

13.
Channel constrictions within an estuary can influence overall estuary-sea exchange of salt or suspended/dissolved material. The exchange is modulated by turbulent mixing through its effect on density stratification. Here we quantify turbulent mixing in Hikapu Reach, an estuarine channel in the Marlborough Sounds, New Zealand. The focus is on a period of relatively low freshwater input but where density stratification still persists throughout the tidal cycle, although the strength of stratification and its vertical structure vary substantially. The density stratification increases through the ebb tide, and decreases through the flood tide. During the spring tides observed here, ebb tidal flow speeds reached 0.7?m?s?1 and the buoyancy frequency squared was in the range 10?5 to 10?3?s?2. Turbulence parameters were estimated using both shear microstructure and velocimeter-derived inertial dissipation which compared favourably. The rate of dissipation of turbulent kinetic energy reached 1?×?10?6?m2?s?3 late in the ebb tide, and estimates of the gradient Richardson number (the ratio of stability to shear) fell as low as 0.1 (i.e. unstable) although the results show that bottom-boundary driven turbulence can dominate for periods. The implication, based on scaling, is that the mixing within the channel does not homogenise the water column within a tidal cycle. Scaling, developed to characterise the tidal advection relative to the channel length, shows how riverine-driven buoyancy fluxes can pass through the tidal channel section and the stratification can remain partially intact.  相似文献   

14.
潮滩泥沙的输运过程是河口近岸泥沙输运的重要组成部分,也是诊断潮滩侵蚀-淤积的重要动力指标,特别是在地貌演变过程显著的区域更具指示意义。本研究选择长江口崇明岛东北部潮滩,在2018年3月30日—4月10日进行三脚架多参数观测,获取了高分辨率的流速、含沙量等剖面数据,运用机制分解法分析了连续21个潮周期的泥沙输运过程。结果表明:崇明东北侧潮滩观测站位的含沙量从观测开始至大潮阶段不断增大,在此期间底部含沙量也出现了最大值(7.82 g·L~(-1))。大潮过后直到小潮期间含沙量逐渐减少;观测站位单宽净输沙量有着明显的潮周期差异,从数量上看,大潮期间的单宽净输沙量为1.61×10~4kg·m~(-1),中潮期间为8.28×10~3kg·m~(-1),均远远大于小潮期间的单宽净输沙量,从方向上看,则具有大潮和小潮向口内,中潮向口外的泥沙净输运方向差异;大潮和中潮内的单宽输沙率均大于0.17 kg·m~(-1)·s~(-1),远大于小潮时的单宽输沙率。对各项输沙机制的结果分析来看,"潮泵效应"对输沙量的贡献最大,平流输运次之,而由于水深较浅,垂向环流对输运量影响较小。在观测期间出现了显著的从潮滩向主槽的泥沙输运。总体上看,潮滩泥沙输运过程指示了显著的向口内和主槽的泥沙输运,是北支河口区域泥沙淤积的重要来源。  相似文献   

15.
A high-frequency (1.2 MHz) four-beam Acoustic Doppler Current Profiler (ADCP) moored on the sea bottom was used for the direct measurements of the turbulence parameters in the shallow (20 m) coastal zone of the eastern English Channel. The measurements were as long as four tidal cycles during the period of the spring tide development. The measurements in the ocean and estimates showed that the Reynolds stress variability coincided with the semidiurnal tide. Their maximum values during the flood phase were approximately 1.5 Pa, while, during the ebb phase, they reached −1.2 Pa. The variations of the turbulence’s kinetic energy (TKE) and the rate of its production (P) coincided with the period of the tidal harmonic M4. Their maximum values were found during the flood phase near the bottom, and they were approximately equal to 0.03 m2/s2 and 0.8 W/m3, respectively. These values decreased rapidly with the distance from the bottom. During the periods of low stagnant water, the values of TKE and P in the water column decreased to the minimum values (2 × 10−3 m2/s2 and 3 × 10−5 W/m3, respectively), which coincided with the moment of the current’s reversal flow. The results demonstrated the dominating role of the tidal motion, which controls the structure and intensity of the turbulence in the bottom layer, and revealed the characteristic asymmetry of its distribution related to the nonlinear character of the tidal cycle.  相似文献   

16.
Wave energy resource assessment and trends around Indonesian's ocean has been carried out by means of analyzing satellite observations. Wave energy flux or wave power can be approximated using parameterized sea states derived from satellite data. Unfortunately, only some surface parameters can be measured from remote sensing satellites, for example for ocean surface waves: significant wave height. Others, like peak wave period and energy period are not available, but can instead be estimated using empirical models. The results have been assessed by meteorological season. The assessment shows clearly where and when the wave power resource is promising around Indonesian's ocean. The most striking result was found from June to August, in which about 30–40 kW/m(the 90 th percentile: 40–60 kW/m, the 99th percentile: 50–70 kW/m) wave power energy on average has been found around south of the Java Island. The significant trends of wave energy at the 95% level have also been studied and it is found that the trends only occurred for the extreme cases, which is the 99th percentile(i.e.,highest 1%). Wave power energy could increase up to 150 W/m per year. The significant wave heights and wave power have been compared with the results obtained from global wave model hindcast carried out by wave model WAVEWATCH III. The comparisons indicated excellent agreements.  相似文献   

17.
环台湾岛海域半日潮波特征的三维模拟   总被引:10,自引:0,他引:10  
用1997版POM海洋模式,首次应用于环台湾岛海域的潮波数值研究.得到该海域的半日潮波主要为23°N以南西太平洋传来的胁振潮.影响台湾海峡的半日潮波分别由海峡南北口传入的两支潮波,且北支强于南支.福建沿岸湄州湾-兴化湾为最强潮区,其M2分潮最大振幅可达240cm.最强潮流区位于澎湖水道,M2分潮最大潮流达196cm/s.环台湾岛海域潮波潮流水平结构上除海峡北部原有一个圆流点外,还发现另外存在4个新的圆流点.潮流垂直结构上主要为右偏,接近底层处为左偏.  相似文献   

18.
本文基于船载及锚定ADCP、CTD观测,获得了大、小潮时的温度、盐度、浊度、潮位、流速等观测数据,研究杭州湾南部的一个主要弯曲航道——螺头水道内的潮流动力学特性。螺头水道水深超过100 m、最大潮差大于2.5 m。涨潮时,强潮流速出现在水道北岸,落潮时,强潮流速出现在水道南岸,最大流速值分别为约2 m/s和1.8 m/s。受压强梯度、密度梯度、科氏力和离心力影响,涨落潮过渡时在水道的横断面产生较为明显的环流。夏季存在较弱的层化现象,深水处受环流的影响,盐度、温度的混合较强。锚定观测数据表明,温度、盐度的变化频率与潮流的变化频率相似,但存在高于M2分潮频率的谱峰值。因此,笔者认为潮流与横向环流的相互作用,可能导致更高频率的盐度和温度变化。  相似文献   

19.
Uldolmok waterway, located between an island off the southwestern tip of Korean peninsula and mainland, is famous for its strong tidal current that has a maximum current of about 6.0m/s. A series of field observations along with numerical modeling have been carried out in order to understand the tidal dynamics in terms of the force balance along the whole waterway and the energy balance in the narrowest part of the waterway. First, analysis of the ADCP current and the tide level variation data reveals that the tidal dynamics along the total waterway (channel) is balanced dominantly between the pressure gradient and linear bottom frictional forces, with the phase lag of sea level difference for the semi-diurnal constituents leading the current phase about by 10°. Secondly, the result of the numerical modeling reveals that the tidal energy flux vector flows toward the narrowest section, indicating that there should be related nonlinear processes. Through the numerical model experiment with multi-components, the convergence of (M2 + S2) tidal energy flux of 6.68 × 107 Joule/s in the narrow area of the Uldolmok waterway is explained mainly by the energy consumption of 73% through the nonlinear generation of shallow water components and by the bottom frictional energy dissipation of 27%. This reveals that the remarkably strong nonlinear process dominates in the narrowest section of the Uldolmok waterway, compared with other areas, such as Yellow and East China Seas where the total M2 energy flux through the open boundary is balanced in terms of the bottom dissipation (Kang et al. 2003; Choi 1980).  相似文献   

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