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1.
总结分析了2012年中国近海有效波高≧4 m的灾害性海浪过程及灾情概况,并对2012年度的预测结果进行了检验评估。依据1968—2012年有效波高≧4 m的灾害性海浪的统计资料,结合2013年副热带高压及热带风暴的分析预测资料,预测了2013年中国近海灾害性海浪过程的出现次数,以及分海区的出现天数,预测结果可为今年的海洋防灾减灾提供技术支持。 相似文献
2.
中国海1997年海浪灾害分析及 1998年海浪灾害预测 总被引：5，自引：2，他引：3
本文主要分析了１９９７年中国近海海浪灾害及灾害性海浪的特征,并对１９９８年中国海灾害性海浪出现天数进行了预测,以供沿海地区及从事海洋开发,渔业、交通运输等事业和企业部门参考。 相似文献
3.
中国近海及其邻近海域灾害性海浪的时空分布 总被引：12，自引：1，他引：12
本文依据收集到的中国近海及其邻近海域灾害性海浪观测资料,经统计分析求得中国近海及其邻近海域灾害性海浪的分布及其年际变化和月际变化.本文结果可为中国近海区域海洋学的海浪及有关问题的研究提供基础性的资料,也可为防灾减灾、做好灾害性海浪短期预报和中长期预测提供统计依据. 相似文献
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采用支持向量机对海浪要素中的有效波高进行预测,采用风场和波浪场作为学习要素,对比不同特征向量对有效波高预测结果的准确度。取台湾岛东部海区作为实验区域,使用NCEP再分析的数值模式数据作为学习样本。选用支持向量分类机,建立了4组不同特征向量的模型进行海浪有效波高的预测,并对4种模型的结果进行比较和分析。实验表明,当输入的特征向量过多或过少时,会对模型的预测结果和计算效率产生不同的影响。当使用风场和波浪场共同作为特征向量进行学习时,在该区域预测结果与模式预报结果相比更接近,相关系数将近99%,均方根误差约0.2 m。 相似文献
5.
海浪是影响舰船行进和结构设计的最核心的环境要素。海浪参数的统计分析是建立舰船环境适应性长期预测模型的基础。对1993-2011年沿海台站、浮标观测资料,高度计观测资料和船舶报观测资料进行双线性插值,给出了海浪波高的分析场。利用波高分析场对WAVEWATCHIII(WW3)模拟结果进行最优插值同化。给出了海浪统计玫瑰图、极端海浪统计参数和海浪累年二维极值海浪谱等与舰船耐波性有关的海浪统计参数,分析了中国近海的波浪特征。 相似文献
6.
黄海海浪季节变化的数值模拟研究 总被引：3，自引：2，他引：1
利用第三代海浪数值模式SWAN,研究了黄海海浪有效波高的季节变化特征及相关的物理过程。结果表明,在黄海的大部分区域,混合浪有效波高的最大值出现在冬季,而最小值则基本出现在夏季。北黄海北部和山东半岛南岸的近海海域呈现稍微不同的季节变化,有效波高的最大值出现在春季。全年4个季节中混合浪有效波高的空间分布基本一致:均在济州岛西南最大,沿黄海中部区域向北和由中部区域向近岸区域逐渐减小。黄海海浪为风浪占主,涌浪有效波高远小于风浪有效波高。在黄海的大部分区域,白冠耗散和四波非线性相互作用对黄海海浪的季节变化均至关重要;对于外海区域,四波非线性相互作用更为重要,而对于近海区域,白冠耗散则影响更大。本研究旨在研究黄海海浪的季节变化特征及其物理过程,为进一步探讨该海域海浪在其他时间尺度上的变异特征和动力学过程提供研究基础。 相似文献
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利用MASNUM海浪模式、ECMWF高分辨率风场对2012年8月份台风过程下的浙江海域的海浪状况进行了数值模拟,与近岸观测站的风、浪资料进行了对比检验和误差分析,最后针对8月份"达维""海葵"及"布拉万"3个台风过程对浙江海域的影响进行了对比分析.风速验证结果显示2个站点ECMWF风速和观测风速的偏差分别为0.18、-0.34 m/s,平均绝对误差则为2.57、1.96m/s,均方根误差为3.40、2.65 m/s,与观测风速有较好的一致性.海浪验证结果显示8月份有效波高的相关系数在0.84以上;8月份发生的"达维""海葵"及"布拉万"3个台风期间的有效波高、波周期的模拟值与观测值的均方根误差分别介于0.19~0.37 m、0.88~1.28 s,波向的平均绝对误差介于19.39°~37.65°,表明MASNUM海浪模式能够较好的再现浙江海域台风期间的海浪状况,能够较好模拟出浙江近海的最大波高.在数值模拟和实际观测的基础上,进一步的对比分析表明:"海葵"台风期间,浙江外海有效波高的最大值达7.6 m,而"达维"和"布拉万"台风期间,数值显示最大有效波高分别为4.4、5.4 m. 相似文献
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基于Hasselmanns提出的SAR反演海浪方向谱的MPI算法,对2003-2012年间的中国海Envisat ASAR波模式数据进行了海浪方向谱反演。统计由反演的海浪方向谱得到的海浪有效波高数据,依据海浪浪级的划分,分析了中国海海浪浪级的分布特点,获得一些有参考价值的结果:(1)中国海3-4级海况的年出现概率最高,达85%;(2)中国海累月不同浪级的海浪出现概率分布符合高斯分布函数:f(x)=a*exp(-((x-1-b)/c)^2);(3)分析上述高斯分布函数的拟合系数a、b、c,发现其分布也有一定规律性。同时应用反演得到的海浪有效波高、平均波周期、平均波向等数据,分析了中国海的海浪时空分布特性,得到一些可供参考的结果。 相似文献
9.
台湾海峡及其邻近海域灾害性海浪的时空分布 总被引：3，自引：0，他引：3
据１９６６～１９９３年台湾海峡及其邻近海域灾害性海浪观测资料的统计分析得出，东海灾害性海浪平均每年出现１１．４６次，台湾海峡为７．２９次，台湾以东洋面及巴士海峡为１０．１１次；该区灾害性海浪出现次数有显著的年际和月际变化。这些结果可为台湾海峡区域海洋学的发展提供有意义的素材，也为防灾减灾，做好灾害性海浪短期预报和中、长期预测提供一条有效途径。 相似文献
10.
海浪预报知识讲座 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
通常灾害性海浪是指海上波高大于等于6m的海浪,因为波高大于等于6m的海浪对航行在世界大洋的大多数船舶己构成威胁,它能掀翻船舶、摧毁海上工程和海岸工程,给航海、海上施工、海上军事活动、渔业捕捞等带来灾害。由国家科委组织的农业部、水利部、林业部、地矿部、地震局、国家气象局、国家海洋局,于1990～1992年重大科技项目“中国重大自然灾害及对策”海洋自然灾害研究组[1-2]采用1966～1990年（25a）波高大于等于6m的海浪资料进行统计分析。求得灾害性海浪分布和年际变化、月际变化,为沿海开发和利用海洋服务,同时为中国近海及邻近海域的区域海洋学研究提供素材。 相似文献
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近年来,海浪灾害是威胁近海民众生命安全最为突出的海洋灾害,对我国造成的经济损失有整体上升的趋势。基于31 a(1986-2016年)汕尾市观测站的热带气旋影响期间白天的海浪数据,本文定义并提取了31次灾害性海浪(1/10大波波高≥4 m)事件。在灾害性海浪发生时,热带气旋主要位于观测站点的西侧(115.57°E以西)。31次灾害性海浪事件集中发生于6-9月;其中,虽然6月份影响研究海域的热带气旋数量相对较少,但引发灾害性海浪的概率约是7-9月份的两倍。有26个热带气旋生成于121°E以东的西太平洋海域,且移动路径相对较集中:途经吕宋海峡(16°-22°N)的热带气旋总数为25个,其中22个热带气旋途经16°-20°N之间,是最为重要的通道。途经此处的热带气旋在汕尾海域引发灾害性海浪的估算概率约为25%-50%。本研究可为汕尾市灾害性海浪的预警报和防灾减灾提供重要的参考。 相似文献
13.
CHUANKUN WANG 《Marine Georesources & Geotechnology》2013,31(3):133-150
For Future cross-sea passage spanning the Taiwan Strait, no matter what kind of scheme is adopted, its design, construction, and administration are closely related to marine hydrological and meteorological environmental elements. In this article, based on a great number of observed data, analyses for wave, typhoon, and monsoon conditions in the Taiwan strait region are made and their distributional features and character values are given. Especially, the wave height and occurrence frequencies of disastrous waves are analyzed, and the values of design wave parameters (wave height and period with a given return period) are estimated to use for the reference of the scheme optimization and project preliminary program of cross-sea passage spanning the strait. 相似文献
14.
Chuankun Wang 《Marine Georesources & Geotechnology》2004,22(3):133-150
For Future cross-sea passage spanning the Taiwan Strait, no matter what kind of scheme is adopted, its design, construction, and administration are closely related to marine hydrological and meteorological environmental elements. In this article, based on a great number of observed data, analyses for wave, typhoon, and monsoon conditions in the Taiwan strait region are made and their distributional features and character values are given. Especially, the wave height and occurrence frequencies of disastrous waves are analyzed, and the values of design wave parameters (wave height and period with a given return period) are estimated to use for the reference of the scheme optimization and project preliminary program of cross-sea passage spanning the strait. 相似文献
15.
The east coast of the Indian Peninsula experiences the effects of a devastating cyclone at least annually. The Thane cyclone of 29–30 December 2011 has been once such event that resulted in significant damages along the coastline of Tamil Nadu on the southeast coast of India (13° 9′ 10′ N and 80° 21′E). Waves as high as 8–12 m in a water depth of 20 m have been measured. Such huge waves, combined with a storm surge of 0.5 m, lead to severe damages to coastal structures during the passage of the cyclone. As a part of an exercise in assessing the sediment transport rates through measurements of the hydrodynamic driving parameters along the coast of major port of Chennai instruments were deployed for the measurement of waves and flow field. The measurement campaign was carried out at a location of about 120 km north of the cyclone made landfall. The ENCEP wind data formed the input for executing the WAM model for the simulation of wave characteristics, which are compared with the measured wave data. The agreement between them is found to be good. The details of the analysis of the results are presented and discussed in this paper. 相似文献
16.
Rayleigh expansion is used to study the water-wave interaction with a row of pile breakwater in finite water depth. Evanescent waves, the wave energy dissipated on the fluid resistance and the thickness of the breakwater are totally included in the model. The formulae of wave reflection and transmission coefficients are obtained. The accuracy of the present model is verified by a comparison with existing results. It is found that the predicted wave reflection and transmission coefficients for the zero order are all highly consistent with the experimental data (Hagiwara, 1984; Isaacson et al., 1998) and plane wave solutions (Zhu, 2011). The losses of the wave energy for the fluid passing through slits play an important role, which removes the phenomena of enhanced wave transmission. 相似文献
17.
Resonance Induced by Edge Waves in Hua-Lien Harbor 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
This article first reviews previous numerical studies on the resonance problem of Hua-Lien Harbor. All the research leads to the conclusion that resonance can be stimulated by 2-D infragravity waves. However, a literature survey suggests that outside the harbor these plane infragravity waves are too small to excite violent water-body movement inside. On the other hand, 3-D infragravity waves trapped along the coastline, also known as edge waves, are more likely to exist outside the harbor and their effect needs to be thoroughly discussed. Based on previous measurements, the response of Hua-Lien Harbor is best simulated using edge waves of 160 and 140 second periods and their resonance mechanisms are analyzed. The former case has a longitudinal resonant mode and hence the amplitude in the inner harbor is large. The latter case has a transverse mode in the outer basin and hence only berths in the outer basin are influenced. These features are both consistent with field measurement. Therefore, it is very likely that edge waves are responsible for the resonance of Hua-Lien Harbor. Finally, based on observation after the construction of the present offshore breakwaters, a theory is proposed to explain the trapping of incident edge waves, and a measure to further reduce the resonance is discussed. 相似文献
18.
Freak waves are generated based on the mechanism of wave focusing in a 2D numerical wave tank. To set up the nonlinear numerical wave tank, the Boundary Element Method is used to solve potential flow equations incorporated with fully nonlinear free surface boundary conditions. The nonlinear properties of freak waves, such as high frequency components and wave profile asymmetry, are discussed. The kinematic data, which can be useful for the evaluation of the wave forces exerted on structures to avoid underestimation of linear predictions, are obtained, and discussed, from the simulated results of freak waves. 相似文献