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1.
北部湾盆地北部坳陷构造——沉积特征及其演化 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
在二维和三维地震资料解释基础上,对北部湾盆地北部坳陷地层分布及断裂系统进行了研究,建立了坳陷断裂分布格局及构造样式;结合地层和钻井资料分析了断裂活动期次和特征,揭示古近纪坳陷构造演化经历了三期幕式断陷活动：古新世,初期拉张裂陷阶段,形成狭小的半地堑;始新世早中期,第二期强烈拉张裂陷阶段,形成统一的湖盆,发育两个沉积中心;渐新世,断坳转换期,涠西南低凸起和3号断裂强烈活动,沉积中心迁移至海中凹陷.这为进一步油气勘探工作提供了有价值的参考. 相似文献
2.
沉积盆地内断裂体系的复杂性与多样性及其形成演化机制长期以来备受关注。以南海北部陆缘珠三坳陷为研究目标，在大量三维地震资料构造解析的基础上，分析了新生代区域伸展方向的转变规律，探讨了其对断裂体系发育演化的控制作用。研究结果表明：珠三坳陷断裂具有多走向、多级别、多性质的特点，依据断裂走向可以划分为NNE-NE、NWW-NW和近EW向3组，不同走向断裂发育特征、断裂性质及分布规律存在差异。新生代珠三坳陷区域伸展方向经历了顺时针旋转的演化，由古新-中始新世神狐-文昌组沉积期的NW-SE向，转变为晚始新-早中新世恩平-珠江组沉积期的近SN向，到中中新世韩江组沉积期至今的NNE-SSW向。新生代区域伸展方向的转变与先存断裂共同控制了珠三断裂体系的发育演化，整体上导致各演化阶段活动断裂特征存在差异。从具体断裂上看主要表现在：古新-始新世强烈活动的南断裂带南支西段在中晚期消亡；南断裂带北支不同分段的断裂性质存在一定差异；走向弯曲的琼海1号、南断裂带北支文昌B凹北段晚期发生局部构造反转。以上几方面现象共同反映了新生代区域伸展方向转变对珠三坳陷断裂体系发育演化的控制作用。 相似文献
3.
开平凹陷位于珠江口盆地珠Ⅱ坳陷西南部深水油气勘探区，处于南海北部陆缘洋陆过渡带。由于该区构造特征极为复杂，加之油气勘探及研究程度较低，因此针对该区开展裂陷演化及沉积充填特征与烃源发育条件的分析研究，对于油气勘探及其油气地质评价等均具有重要的参考借鉴意义。基于开平凹陷研究区的高分辨率三维地震资料，重点对该区洼陷结构和断裂体系进行了深入解剖，系统阐述了古近纪断裂展布特征，并对研究区主干断裂活动特征进行了定量分析，探讨了古近纪裂陷期断裂体系演化规律及沉积中心迁移过程，并运用平衡剖面技术，恢复了开平凹陷古近纪以来的裂陷演化过程。研究表明开平凹陷古近系表现出“北断南超”的构造格局，裂陷期发育NE-NEE向和NWW向两组主要断裂，控制了凹陷构造变形及沉积充填特征，其控洼断层具有拆离伸展的断裂特征。尚须强调指出，开平凹陷主干断层活动强度整体表现为早始新世文昌期逐渐增强，晚始新世恩平期减弱并停止的特征，在始新世文昌组-恩平组沉积期发生过多次沉积中心迁移。因此，根据断裂体系展布特征和平衡剖面分析结果，综合判识确定开平凹陷是在南海北部陆缘晚中生代构造变形基础之上形成的新生代伸展断陷盆地，其裂陷演化过程经历... 相似文献
4.
琼东南盆地新生代沉降特征 总被引：9，自引：0，他引：9
利用回剥技术对琼东南盆地进行了沉降史计算和分析,主要包括北部坳陷带的崖北凹陷、崖南凹陷,中央坳陷带的乐东凹陷,和南部坳陷带的华光凹陷.按照地震测线的分布和凹陷特征,我们共选取了30口模拟井进行一维沉降史计算,并展示了具有代表性的8口井,分析他们在小同时期的构造沉降速率与总沉降速率.分析结果表明,新生代以来,琼东南盆地主要经历厂三个主要的沉降幕:(1)始新世至渐新世,盆地处于裂陷期,构造沉降速率较大,平均为81m·Ma-1,沉降中心位于中央坳陷带.(2)早中新至中中新世,盆地由裂陷期向坳陷期转化,平均构造沉降速率减小至68m·Ma-1;(3)晚中新世以后,瓮地进入新一期的沉降阶段,平均构造沉降速率增加至84m·Ma-1;上新世以后,中央坳陷带发生快速沉降,达到了110m·Ma1. 相似文献
5.
《海洋地质前沿》2017,(10)
琼东南盆地陵水凹陷构造演化及其对深水大气田形成的控制作用成为深水区研究的热点。利用钻井地质、地震勘探资料,运用层序地层学、构造解析方法,认识了陵水凹陷的构造动力学机制和构造变形;探讨了陵水凹陷构造演化及其对深水大气田形成的控制作用;提出了陵水凹陷经历了古新世—始新世断陷、渐新世坳—断、早中新世断—坳和中中新世—更新世坳陷(深水盆地)4期构造演化阶段的新认识,并认为构造演化控制了深水大气田的形成。(1)古新世—始新世断陷、渐新世坳—断作用分别控制了湖相、海陆过渡相—海相烃源岩分布,中中新世—第四纪坳陷作用拓宽了烃源岩生气时窗;(2)渐新世坳—断作用控制发育了扇三角洲储层,中中新世—更新世坳陷作用控制发育了深水限制型、非限制型碎屑岩储层和碳酸盐岩生物礁储层;(3)渐新世坳—断演化阶段以走滑—伸展构造变形为主,控制发育了断鼻、断背斜圈闭,中中新世—更新世坳陷作用控制发育了深水限制型重力流水道砂岩性圈闭群、非限制型盆底扇岩性圈闭和生物礁地层圈闭;(4)渐新统、中中新统地层超压产生断裂/裂隙,构成了良好的天然气输导体系。 相似文献
6.
《海洋地质与第四纪地质》2016,(5)
以最新的地质-地球物理资料为基础,分析了北黄海盆地东部坳陷的断裂特征及构造样式,总结了研究区的沉积-构造演化阶段。研究表明:东部坳陷断裂发育,F1、F2断层为最重要的控制性断层,其次为F9、F10、F11、F8断层,同时在研究区识别出了伸展、挤压、扭动、反转等构造样式;结合构造研究与沉积发育史,将东部坳陷的沉积-构造演化划分为中侏罗世初始断陷期、晚侏罗世断陷扩展期、早白垩世断拗期、早白垩世晚期-始新世构造反转期、渐新世强烈断陷期、渐新世末-中新世初构造反转期、中新世-第四纪区域沉降期。以上述研究为基础,参考区域地质背景探讨了东部坳陷的成因机制:中侏罗世,研究区的初始断陷与块体逃逸的伸展作用有关;晚侏罗世,板块俯冲导致地壳减薄,东部坳陷持续断陷;早白垩世,由于伊泽奈崎板块运动行为变化使郯庐断裂左行走滑,在区域左旋并伴随热沉降的同时研究区发生断拗;晚白垩世,板块正向俯冲导致东部坳陷挤压反转并持续至始新世;渐新世,因太平洋板块转向、俯冲带后撤及印度-欧亚大陆碰撞,导致郯庐断裂带右旋,研究区在右旋张扭背景中强烈断陷;渐新世末,由于太平洋板块俯冲速率、印度-欧亚板块远程效应的增强及俯冲带抑制作用,研究区再次发生构造反转;中新世-第四纪,东部坳陷因岩石圈热衰减发生区域沉降。 相似文献
7.
以台湾海峡盆地西部为研究对象,在地震资料构造解释的基础上,选取能控制区域构造格局的2条典型剖面,运用2D Move软件分别对其进行平衡剖面恢复,并计算出各剖面不同时期的伸展量、伸展率和伸展系数,初步计算各凹陷在不同时期的基底构造沉降量,以此为基础对台湾海峡盆地西部的构造演化过程及其区域性差异进行了定量研究。研究结果显示:(1)研究区的伸展强度和基底构造沉降量在始新世和中新世之间均急剧减小,反映渐新世是一个构造转换时期;(2)研究区在新生代表现为古新世至早始新世持续断陷作用—中始新世差异升降—始新世末至渐新世隆升剥蚀—中新世之后稳定缓慢坳陷沉积;(3)台湾海峡盆地在新生代大致经历了古新世-始新世断陷演化阶段、中新世坳陷演化阶段和上新世—第四纪前陆盆地演化阶段。 相似文献
8.
杜民王后金王改云简晓玲万晓明 《海洋地质与第四纪地质》2016,(5):85-96
以最新的地质-地球物理资料为基础,分析了北黄海盆地东部坳陷的断裂特征及构造样式,总结了研究区的沉积-构造演化阶段。研究表明:东部坳陷断裂发育,F1、F2断层为最重要的控制性断层,其次为F9、F10、F11、F8断层,同时在研究区识别出了伸展、挤压、扭动、反转等构造样式;结合构造研究与沉积发育史,将东部坳陷的沉积-构造演化划分为中侏罗世初始断陷期、晚侏罗世断陷扩展期、早白垩世断拗期、早白垩世晚期-始新世构造反转期、渐新世强烈断陷期、渐新世末-中新世初构造反转期、中新世-第四纪区域沉降期。以上述研究为基础,参考区域地质背景探讨了东部坳陷的成因机制:中侏罗世,研究区的初始断陷与块体逃逸的伸展作用有关;晚侏罗世,板块俯冲导致地壳减薄,东部坳陷持续断陷;早白垩世,由于伊泽奈崎板块运动行为变化使郯庐断裂左行走滑,在区域左旋并伴随热沉降的同时研究区发生断拗;晚白垩世,板块正向俯冲导致东部坳陷挤压反转并持续至始新世;渐新世,因太平洋板块转向、俯冲带后撤及印度-欧亚大陆碰撞,导致郯庐断裂带右旋,研究区在右旋张扭背景中强烈断陷;渐新世末,由于太平洋板块俯冲速率、印度-欧亚板块远程效应的增强及俯冲带抑制作用,研究区再次发生构造反转;中新世-第四纪,东部坳陷因岩石圈热衰减发生区域沉降。 相似文献
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10.
北黄海盆地东部M隆起构造特征及演化 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
《海洋地质与第四纪地质》2016,(5)
北黄海盆地是中国东部近海中生代断陷型盆地,详细记载着中国东部复杂的构造活动信息,期间经历了多期岩浆活动和构造反转。M隆起位于北黄海盆地东部,其构造活动记录比周边的坳陷更为详细。为充分认识M隆起的地质结构及沉积响应关系,在充分利用地震、钻测井等资料的基础上,结合区域构造背景,从构造运动学和动力学等方面探讨分析其构造演化历程,进而为北黄海盆地乃至中国东部地区的构造演化提供新的依据。高精度三维地震资料及地质分析揭示,该隆起区发育有5个典型的不整合面,纵向上可划分为5个构造层。结合北黄海盆地所处构造位置、构造变形和沉积充填特征,及板块运动和区域构造演化史,将北黄海盆地东部M隆起自中侏罗世至今的构造演化划分为5个阶段(共9期):裂陷阶段(稳定沉积期、掀斜形成期、早白垩世凹陷沉积期)、构造反转阶段(晚白垩世抬升剥蚀期)、再次裂陷阶段(早渐新世初沉积期、早渐新世末剥蚀期、F2断层活跃期)、再次构造反转阶段(整体抬升期)、区域沉降阶段(区域沉降期)。 相似文献
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In nature, a slope stability is determined by the ratio of a sliding resistance to a slide force. The slide force of a marine deep-water continental slope is mainly affected by sediment mechanics properties, a topography, and a marine seismic. However, the sliding resistance is mainly affected by sedimentary patterns and a sedimentary stress history. Both of these are different from case to case, and their impact can be addressed when the data are organized in a geographic information system（GIS）. The study area on the continental slope in Zhujiang River Mouth Basin in South China Sea provides an excellent opportunity to apply GIS spatial analysis technology for the evaluation of the slope stability. In this area, a continental slope topography and a three-dimension（3-D） topography mapping show a sea-floor morphology and the distribution of a slope steepness in good detail, and the sediment analysis of seabed samples and an indoor appraisal reveals the variability of a sediment density near the sea-floor surface. On the basis of the results of nine geotechnical studies of submarine study areas, it has worked out that an equivalent cyclic shear stress ratio is roughly between 0.158 and 0.933, which is mainly depending on the initial water content of sediment. A regional density, slope and level of anticipated seismic shaking information are combined in a GIS framework to yield a map that illustrates a continental slope stability zoning under the influencing factors in Zhujiang River Mouth Basin in the South China Sea. The continental slope stability evaluation can contribute to north resources development in the South China Sea, the marine functional zoning, the marine engineering construction and adjust measures to local conditions, at the same time also can provide references for other deep-water slope stability analysis. 相似文献
13.
B. Kuvaas Y. Kristoffersen J. Guseva G. Leitchenkov V. Gandjukhin G. Kudryavtsev 《Marine Geophysical Researches》2004,25(3-4):247-263
Multichannel seismic reflection data from the Cosmonaut Sea margin of East Antarctica have been interpreted in terms of depositional
processes in the continental slope and rise area. A major sediment lens is present below the upper continental rise along
the entire Cosmonaut Sea margin. The lens probably consists of sediments supplied from the shelf and slope, being constantly
reworked by westward flowing bottom currents, which redeposited the sediments into a large scale drift deposit prior to the
main glaciogenic input along the margin. High-relief semicircular or elongated depositional structures are also found on the
upper continental rise stratigraphically above the regional sediment lens, and were deposited by the combined influence of
downslope and alongslope sediment transport. On the lower continental rise, large-scale sediment bodies extend perpendicular
to the continental margin and were deposited as a result of downslope turbidity transport and westward flowing bottom currents
after initiation of glacigenic input to the slope and rise. We compare the seismostratigraphic signatures along the continental
margin segments of the adjacent Riiser Larsen Sea, the Weddell Sea and the Prydz Bay/Cooperation Sea, focussing on indications
that may be interpreted as a preglacial-glaciomarine transition in the depositional environment. We suggest that earliest
glaciogenic input to the continental slope and rise occurred in the Prydz Bay and possibly in the Weddell Sea. At a later
stage, an intensification of the oceanic circulation pattern occurred, resulting in the deposition of the regional plastered
drift deposit along the Cosmonaut Sea margin, as well as the initiation of large drift deposits in the Cooperation Sea. At
an even later stage, possibly in the middle Miocene, glacial advances across the continental shelf were initiated along the
Cosmonaut Sea and the Riiser Larsen Sea continental margins. 相似文献
14.
利用2015年6月南海北部现场观测的水文数据,结合卫星高度计资料,分析了2015年6月13日—28日南海北部陆坡在气旋涡-反气旋涡的双涡结构影响下的水文和环流特征。结果表明,2015年6月南海北部陆坡调查海区表层50 m以浅盐度存在NE—SW向低盐区,表层盐度最小值低于32,这表明南海北部陆坡存在跨陆架海水输送。在观测期间,南海北部陆坡调查海区受气旋涡和反气旋涡双涡结构影响,使得南海北部陆坡表层100 m以浅存在跨陆坡流,流速最大值出现在两涡交汇区域。此外,通过潜标连续海流资料,发现南海北部陆坡环流呈现了“深入浅出”(100 m以深层为向岸的入侵、以浅层为离岸的出流)的“两层结构”。 相似文献
15.
AbstractWith the continuous expansion of energy demand, the deep-water continental slope in the northern South China Sea has become one of the significant offshore oil and gas exploration regions. The frequent occurrence of marine geological hazards in this region, especially submarine landslides, can cause serious damage to engineering facilities. However, there have been few studies on the stability of the northern continental slope of the South China Sea; these studies mainly focused on a specific submarine slope or small-range evaluation, resulting in a lack of large-scale and quantitative understanding. Hence, considering the variation in the physical and mechanical properties of marine soils with depth, formulas for calculating the safety factor of submarine slopes by an infinite sliding model are established, and the factors affecting slope stability such as soil properties, slope gradient and horizontal seismic action are systematically investigated. Using GIS techniques, the terrain slope gradients and a historical seismic database of the northern South China Sea are obtained. Combined with soil mechanical parameters, a regional stability evaluation of the northern continental slope is carried out. Furthermore, the distribution of risk zones is given. On the whole, under strong seismic action, large-scale submarine slope instability occurs and must be highly considered when assessing risk. This achievement is of great significance to engineering sites, route selection and engineering risk assessment. 相似文献
16.
Morphotectonics and evolutionary controls on the Pearl River Canyon system, South China Sea 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
Weiwei Ding Jiabiao Li Jun Li Yinxia Fang Yong Tang 《Marine Geophysical Researches》2013,34(3-4):221-238
The Pearl River Canyon system is a typical canyon system on the northern continental slope of the South China Sea, which has significant implications for hydrocarbon exploration. Through swath bathymetry in the canyon area combined with different types of seismic data, we have studied the morphotectonics and controlling factors of the canyon by analyzing its morphology and sedimentary structure, as well as the main features of the continental slope around the canyon. Results show that the Pearl River Canyon can be separated into three segments with different orientations. The upper reach is NW-oriented with a shallowly incised course, whereas the middle and lower reaches, that are located mainly in the Baiyun Sag, have a broad U-shape and have experienced consistent deposition. Seventeen deeply-cut canyons have developed in the slope north of the Baiyun Sag, playing an important role in the sedimentary processes of the middle and lower reaches of the Pearl River Canyon. These canyons display both asymmetrical V- and U-shapes along their lengths. Numerous buried channels can be identified below the modern canyons with unidirectionally migrating stacking patterns, suggesting that the canyons have experienced a cyclic evolution with several cut and fill phases of varying magnitude. These long established canyons, rather than the upper reach of the Pearl River Canyon, are the main conduits for the transport of terrigenous materials to the lower slope and abyssal basin during lowstand stage, and have contributed to the formation of vertically stacked deep-water fans in the middle reach. Canyon morphology is interpreted as a result of erosive sediment flows. The Pearl River Canyon and the 17 canyons in the slope area north of the Baiyun Sag probably have developed since the Miocene. Cenozoic tectonics, sea level change and sediment supply jointly control the morphology and sedimentary structure. The middle and lower reaches of the Pearl River Canyon developed on the paleo-terrain of the Baiyun Sag, which has been a persistently rapid depositional environment, receiving most of the materials transported via the canyons. 相似文献
17.
南海区域岩石圈的壳-幔耦合关系和纵向演化 总被引：11，自引：2，他引：11
南海区域岩石圈由地壳层和上地幔固结层两部分组成。具典型大洋型地壳结构的南海海盆区莫霍面深度为９～１３ｋｍ,并向四周经陆坡、陆架至陆区逐渐加深;陆缘区莫霍面一般为１５～２８ｋｍ,局部区段深达３０～３２ｋｍ,总体呈与水深变化反相关的梯度带;东南沿海莫霍面深约２８～３０ｋｍ,往西北方向逐渐增厚,最大逾３６ｋｍ。南海区域上地幔天然地震面波速度结构明显存在横向分块和纵向分层特征。岩石圈底界深度变化与地幔速度变化正相关;地幔岩石圈厚度与地壳厚度呈互补性变化,莫霍面和岩石圈底界呈立交桥式结构,具有陆区厚壳薄幔—洋区薄壳厚幔的岩石圈壳－幔耦合模式。南海区域白垩纪末以来的岩石圈演化主要表现为陆缘裂离—海底扩张—区域沉降的过程,现存的壳－幔耦合模式显然为岩石圈纵向演化产物,其过程大致可分为白垩纪末至中始新世的陆缘裂离、中始新世晚期至中新世早期的海底扩张和中新世晚期以来的区域沉降等三个阶段。 相似文献
18.
Previously undocumented, migrating submarine canyons have developed in the Pearl River Mouth Basin along the northern continental margin of the South China Sea from the middle Miocene to present. A grid of high-resolution, 2-D multi-channel seismic profiles calibrated by borehole information permits documentation of these northeastward migrating submarine canyons, as the result of the interplay of gravity flows and bottom currents. The modern canyons have lengths of 30–60 km, widths of 1–5.7 km, and relief of 50–300 m in water depths of 450–1500 m. Buried ancient submarine canyon successions were originally eroded by basal erosional discontinuities and partially filled by canyon thalweg deposits. These are overlain by lateral inclined packages and hemipelagic drape deposits. Basal erosional discontinuities and thalweg deposits are probably created principally by turbidity currents and filled with turbidites. Lateral inclined packages likely were formed by along-slope bottom currents. The evolution of these migrating submarine canyons reveals that northeastward bottom currents have consistently occurred at least from the middle Miocene to present in the study area. It might further imply that thermohaline intermediate water circulation of the South China Sea has been anti-cyclonic from the middle Miocene to present. The initiation of migrating submarine canyons possibly signals commencement of strong bottom currents after the middle Miocene in the South China Sea. The intensification of bottom currents also possibly may reflect shoaling of the major ocean seaways and increased vigor in oceanic circulation forced by global cooling after the middle Miocene. 相似文献
19.
-The tectonic types of the Zhujiang (Pearl) River Mouth Basin in the South China Sea are epicontinental rift-depression basins. Prior to Early Cretaceous time, the Dongsha Uplift arid its surrounding depressions had been combined with the Eurasia Plate in a single unit. Many ENE-trending narrow rifted basins were formed in the third episode of Yanshan orogeny (Late Laramide). The rifted basins in the Paleocene and Eocene were stretched and extended, forming Zhu 1, Zhu 2 and Zhu 3 depressions. The Dongsha Uplift is located between Zhu 1 and Zhu 2 depressions . covering an area of 28 000 Km2. Its geologic evolution can be divided into four stages:(1) Late Cretaceous - Paleocene block-faulting stage.(2) Eocene -Oligocene uplifting and eroding stage.(3) Late Oligocene - Early Miocene sustained subsiding stage.(4) Middle Miocene -Recent noncompensated subsiding stage.The Dongsha Uplift is a structural zone favourable for oil-gas accumulation. 相似文献
20.
南海西南次海盆被动陆缘洋陆转换带位于陆缘强烈伸展区,蕴含着岩石圈临界伸展破裂和洋盆扩张过程的丰富信息。本文利用多道地震剖面和重力异常数据,对西南次海盆被动陆缘构造单元进行划分,研究陆缘南、北部洋陆转换带结构构造特征,探讨陆缘伸展演化过程。多道地震剖面资料显示,北部洋陆转换带发育有裂陷期断陷和向海倾斜的掀斜断块;南部发育有低角度正断层控制的裂陷期断陷、海底火山以及局部隆起;从陆到洋方向,重力异常值变化明显。根据上述结果南海西南次海盆被动陆缘划分为近端带、洋陆转换带和洋盆三个构造单元,分别对应了其伸展演化过程的三个阶段：前裂谷阶段、陆缘裂陷阶段和海底扩张阶段。 相似文献