共查询到20条相似文献，搜索用时 125 毫秒
1.
应用分形理论分析了防城港湾红树林表层沉积物粒径分布及其分形特征,并分析了pH值、C有机质、C硫化物、CTN、CTP、CK、水溶性盐分等环境因子.沉积物由海向陆的砂含量减少,细砾、粉砂和粘土含量增多,平均粒径也呈渐次增大.沉积物分选性都是差到很差,偏态都是正偏态到很正偏态,峰态都是中等尖锐到很尖锐.沉积物各粒径含量与pH值、有机质、硫化物含量相关关系不明显,砂、粉砂含量与CTN、CTP、CK呈显著相关关系.沉积物的分形维数为2.322 1～2.649 1,分维值与环境因子相关关系不明显,与粘土含量呈显著正相关(R=0.978,p＜0.01).沉积物分形值呈含砾砂(2.322 1)＜含砾泥质砂(2.513 0～2.618 1)＜含砾泥(2.649 1)的趋势.不同滩位的红树林沉积物分形维数呈现向海侧红树林外光滩(2.322 1～2.5602)＜向海侧红树林林带(2.513 0～2.5909)＜红树林林带中心(2.557 0～2.595 6)＜向陆侧红树林带(2.618 1～2.649 1)的规律.沉积物类型、粘土组分、滩位等是影响防城港湾红树林沉积物分形维数的主要环境因子. 相似文献
2.
以川东南龙马溪组页岩为研究对象,借助扫描电镜及压汞-吸附联合技术对其微观孔隙结构进行表征,利用吸-脱附曲线特性及FHH分形理论对孔隙形态和分形维数进行研究,结果表明,龙马溪组页岩储集空间中约80%为微-介孔,其中贫有机质页岩以平板状孔隙为主,分形维数一般小于2.75,在扫描电镜下呈现颗粒矿物粒缘缝及伊利石片层晶间孔;富有机质页岩则以"墨水瓶"状孔隙为主,分形维数一般大于2.85,主要为有机质孔。TOC含量与总孔容、吸-脱附滞回面积及分形维数均呈显著正相关关系,表明随着TOC含量增加,页岩孔隙由平行板状为主的无机孔隙网络过渡至"墨水瓶"效应显著的有机孔隙网络,有机质孔隙为富有机质页岩主要储集空间,同时多重毛管力叠加及扩散能力降低,使得页岩微观封闭能力提高,有利于页岩气富集与保存。 相似文献
3.
《海洋地质与第四纪地质》2016,(3)
以川东南龙马溪组页岩为研究对象,借助扫描电镜及压汞-吸附联合技术对其微观孔隙结构进行表征,利用吸-脱附曲线特性及FHH分形理论对孔隙形态和分形维数进行研究,结果表明,龙马溪组页岩储集空间中约80%为微-介孔,其中贫有机质页岩以平板状孔隙为主,分形维数一般小于2.75,在扫描电镜下呈现颗粒矿物粒缘缝及伊利石片层晶间孔;富有机质页岩则以"墨水瓶"状孔隙为主,分形维数一般大于2.85,主要为有机质孔。TOC含量与总孔容、吸-脱附滞回面积及分形维数均呈显著正相关关系,表明随着TOC含量增加,页岩孔隙由平行板状为主的无机孔隙网络过渡至"墨水瓶"效应显著的有机孔隙网络,有机质孔隙为富有机质页岩主要储集空间,同时多重毛管力叠加及扩散能力降低,使得页岩微观封闭能力提高,有利于页岩气富集与保存。 相似文献
4.
利用遥感影像和GIS技术相结合获取福建省1995、2001、2010、2017年共4期海岸线的时空分布情况,并结合网格法计算各时期海岸线的分形维数,结合获取数据分析海岸线的时空变化特征、海岸线长度变化与分形维数变化之间的关系以及影响海岸线变化的原因。结果表明:1995—2017年福建省海岸线长度呈持续增加趋势,共增加388.99 km。从时间方面来看,2010年之后海岸线长度进入快速增长时期,其中2010—2017年是海岸线长度变化最显著的时期;从区域上来看,以宁德和莆田岸线变化最强烈,其他地市相对较稳定。1995—2017年研究区海岸线分形维数总体呈现先增加后减小趋势,其中宁德、福州、泉州分形维数变化比其他地市要复杂。研究区历史海岸线长度变化与分形维数变化之间存在着一定的相关关系,对各地市海岸线长度变化与分形维数变化统计分析表明,总体来看局部海岸线长度的增加或减小会导致整体海岸线分形维数增大或减小,且呈正比例变化。对1995—2017年研究区各时段海岸线变化对应的面积汇总情况来看,人类活动是影响研究区海岸线变化的主要原因,与人类活动相比,自然变化如河口淤积与侵蚀等对海岸线影响较小。 相似文献
5.
内陆碱化湿地土壤有机质和全磷的时空分布特征 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
以付老文泡湿地为研究对象,分析了内陆碱化湿地土壤有机质和全磷含量的时空分布特征。研究结果表明7月表层土壤有机质和全磷空间分布格局的异质性高于亚表层,而9月亚表层土壤则呈现出较高的异质性。2采样期内有机质和全磷含量均呈现由表层向下呈减少趋势,除9月土壤有机质外,上下土壤层内的有机质和全磷含量均存在显著性差异。湿地全磷随土壤有机质增加呈幂函数增长变化。湿地土壤有机质和全磷随土壤水分含量增加均呈对数衰减变化,但土壤有机质和全磷随pH值增加则分别呈现指数和幂函数衰减变化。 相似文献
6.
以整个莱州湾南岸区域作为研究对象,运用统计分析和相关分析方法研究了莱州湾南岸盐渍化土壤中盐分与有机质空间分布特征及二者之间的相关性,并对耕地土壤有机质进行分级。结果表明,土壤有机质含量符合正态分布,全盐含量符合对数正态分布;有机质和全盐含量在东西方向具有2阶趋势效应,南北方向上有机质具有1阶趋势效应,而全盐含量具有2阶趋势效应;二者在空间分布上符合球状模型,有机质表现为南高北低,全盐含量则为北高南低;从相关性来看,二者具有显著负相关,说明盐分含量的增加导致土壤有机质含量降低,土壤质量下降。研究结果为莱州湾南岸地区土地利用和盐渍化评估提供了科学依据。 相似文献
7.
以江苏盐城大丰麋鹿国家级自然保护区第三核心区的土壤为研究对象,采用规则格网法采集土壤样本并测定重要理化指标pH、盐分、有机质、全氮、硝态氮、总碳、有效磷、速效钾,基于克里格插值得到土壤理化指标的空间分布。结果表明:大丰麋鹿野牧区土壤pH、盐分、有机质、全氮、硝态氮、总碳、有效磷、速效钾的平均含量为8.393、6.646g/kg、13.203g/kg、0.748g/kg、6.279 mg/kg、13.955g/kg、10.862mg/kg、486.36mg/kg。土壤pH值变异程度最小,其他均属于中等变异;土壤全盐、总碳、有机质、有效磷和速效钾含量从近海光滩至近岸川新线呈现递减的空间分布规律;土壤pH与其他理化指标存在显著负相关,土壤总碳与全盐、有机质、全氮、有效磷和硝态氮两两间呈显著相关(p0.01);土壤盐度的空间分布与其上覆植被群落的演替规律存在较高的一致性。 相似文献
8.
对2002年采自苏鲁交界海域的466个表层沉积物样品作了粒度分析和粒度参数计算,并进行了沉积物分类和分布特征的研究,结果表明:(1)研究海域的表层沉积物类型主要为砂、粉砂质砂、砂质粉砂、粘土质粉砂和砂-粉砂-粘土5种。(2)研究海域的表层沉积物主体是砂,随着离岸距离的增大,砂含量将逐渐增加然后又逐渐减少。砂含量的经、纬向分带性不明显。粉砂与砂的平面分布特征正好相反,粘土含量的平面分布特征与粉砂相似。(3)研究海域表层沉积物的平均粒径为0.34~7.30,平均为4.09,沉积物颗粒的直径总体上为细砂粒径;分选系数为0.34~4.26,平均为2.10,分选差;偏态为-0.41~0.75,平均为0.29;峰态为0.66~3.69,平均为1.34。(4)根据沉积物中各组分含量、粒度参数、水深、沉积物类型的平面变化特征等,由西向东将研究区分成西部、中部和东部3个分区。由岸向海,西部分区沉积物由粗到细地变化,平均粒径等值线呈NE向与岸线平行分布;东部和中部分区,沉积物粒度变化的规律不明显。 相似文献
9.
富钴结壳分布的分形特征 总被引：8，自引：0，他引：8
何高文 《海洋地质与第四纪地质》2001,21(1):89-92
利用我国在西太平洋国际海底两个海山获得的富钴结壳资料进行分形研究后发现，富钴结壳的分布具有变维分形分布的特点，结壳丰度呈二阶累计和分形分布，结壳厚度呈多阶不定累计和分形分布，通过计算得到了它们各自的分维数，进而对两个海山的结壳资源进行了初步评价。 相似文献
10.
不同预处理方法对南海东沙海域沉积物粒度的影响 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
通过采用不同方法对东沙沉积物样品进行了预处理,并采用综合法进行了粒度分析,以探讨东沙沉积物中碳酸盐和有机质对其粒度的影响。结果表明,去除有机质后沉积物的平均粒径和63～4μm粒径范围内的组分明显减小,有机质含量变化与平均粒径变化呈明显负相关,说明东沙沉积物中有机质的沉积是伴随细粒悬浮物质和胶体物质沉积下来的,且对细颗粒有明显的絮凝作用;去除碳酸盐后沉积物的平均粒径呈减小趋势,但粒径范围内组分含量的变化不明显,且碳酸盐含量的变化与沉积物粒径变化的关系也不甚密切。 相似文献
11.
1998年11月和1999年5月长江口悬浮体样品的激光粒度仪分析结果表明，长江口悬浮体粒度较细，分选较差，偏态和峰态偏小，粒度组成以粉砂为主；粘土含量次之，基本不含砂或砂含量很小，由陆向海平均粒径有由粗到细的变化趋势。粒度分布呈典型的非正态分布，存在“双峰”和“三峰”两种形式，表层样品以“双峰”分布为主，底层“三峰”或“双峰”并存。标准偏差-粒度曲线上多峰出现，反映了长江口悬浮体组成的复杂性。长江口悬浮体粒度特征有较大的季节变化。悬浮体粒度变化的影响因素包括泥沙来源、底质再悬浮、生物作用和絮凝作用，粒度特征的季节差异是这些因素综合作用的结果。 相似文献
12.
Shale samples collected from seven wells in the southeastern Ordos Basin were tested to investigate quantitatively the pore structure and fractal characteristics of the Lower Permian Shanxi Shale, which was deposited in a marine-continental transitional (hereinafter referred to as the transitional) environment. Low-pressure nitrogen adsorption data show that the Shanxi Shale exhibits considerably much lower surface area (SA) and pore volume (PV) in the range of 0.6–1.3 m2/g and 0.25–0.9 ml/100 g, respectively. Type III kerogen abundant in the transitional Shanxi Shale were observed to be poorly developed in the organic pores in spite of being highly mature, which resulted in a small contribution of organic matter (OM) to the SA and PV. Instead, I/S (illite-smectite mixed clay) together with illite jointly contributed mostly to the SA and PV as a result of the large amount of inter-layer pores associated with them, which were evident in broad-ion-beam (BIB) imaging and statistical analysis. Additionally, the Shanxi Shale has fractal geometries of both pore surface and pore structure, with the pore surface fractal dimension (D1) ranging from 2.16 to 2.42 and the pore structure fractal dimension (D2) ranging from 2.49 to 2.68, respectively. The D1 values denote a pore surface irregularity increase with an increase in I/S and illite content attributed to their more irregular pore surface compared with other mineralogical compositions and OM. The fractal dimension D2 characterizing the pore structure complexity is closely related to the pore arrangement and connectivity, and I/S and illite decrease the D2 when their contents increase due to the incremental ordering degree and connectivity of I/S- or illite-hosted pores. Meanwhile, other shale constituents (including kaolinite, chlorite, and OM) that possess few pores can significantly increase the pore structure complexity by way of pore-blocking. 相似文献
13.
胶州湾大沽河口潮间带沉积物中叶绿素和有机质含量的季节变化 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
为了解胶州湾大沽河口潮间带沉积物中底栖微藻和有机质含量的季节变化,于2010年4月至2011年2月,分4次(春、夏、秋、冬)测定分析了沉积物中的叶绿素含量和有机质含量,并分析了沉积物的粒度组成及现场温度。结果表明,表层(0～2cm)沉积物叶绿素a含量为0.42～6.06mg/kg,有机质含量为0.48%～3.71%;次表层(2～5cm)叶绿素a含量为0.13～3.53mg/kg,有机碳质量为0.31%～3.78%;深层(5～8cm)叶绿素a含量为0.14～1.95mg/kg,有机质含量为0.47%～3.72%。经统计检验和Pearson相关性分析得出,胶州湾大沽河口沉积物中的叶绿素a含量春冬两季最高,夏季和秋季最低;叶绿素a含量与深度和温度呈负相关;与所处潮带、有机质含量、粉砂黏土含量在本实验中均无显著的相关性;有机质含量与季节关系不大,高潮带最高,其含量与粉砂黏土含量呈正相关,与叶绿素含量、深度和温度关系不明显。 相似文献
14.
差异水动力导致黄河口粉质土微结构分形特征变化实例研究 总被引：10，自引：0，他引：10
在黄河三角洲北部潮坪上选择典型研究区。区内通向油井的道路的修建使北侧水动力条件明显强于南侧。对两侧原状土样进行粒度成分测试和微观结构观测，并利用分形理论进行分析。结果发现，在水动力作用强区中，粒度分维值随深度的变化曲线大致呈反“S”型，颗粒分布分维值随深度单调递增(表层除外)，颗粒定向性分维值随深度的变化曲线呈“S”型；在水动力作用弱区，粒度分维值和颗粒分布分维值随深度单调增大，颗粒定向性分维值随深度的变化曲线呈平缓的反“S”型。这些参数的变化较好地反映了不同深度处沉积物的层化现象。 相似文献
15.
Huayang Lei Haibin Lu Xuechao Wang Qian Ren Bin Li 《Marine Georesources & Geotechnology》2016,34(4):365-375
The accelerated rheological properties of natural soft clay are the external power and predisposing factors of geological and geotechnical disasters. To determine the changes in soil micro-structure for natural soft clay under accelerated creep condition, a detailed study has been carried out using consolidated undrained tri-axial tests under static and cyclic loads, as well as experimental data from mercury intrusion porosimetry and a scanning electron microscope. In the tri-axial tests, creep of the soft clay would be accelerated under dynamic loads, the sample would be destroyed faster, and the strain-rate would increase clearly along with the increase of the vibration frequency. Based on a comparison of micro-structure behaviors between the intact sample and the test soil samples under static and dynamic loads in the creep condition, an interpretation of the changes in soil micro-structure for natural soft clay under an accelerated creep condition was proposed. The research indicated that the large pores of the soil sample gradually changed into small pores, the large particles continuously changed into tiny particles, and the pore distribution gradually became uniform under dynamic loads. It was found that the fractal dimension of the pores decreased with the increase of the vibration frequency. The test results not only showed that the accelerated creep characteristics depended on the vibration frequencies of the applied dynamic loads, but the accelerated creep was actually an unceasingly self-adjusting and reengineering process of the internal structure in soil under dynamic loads. In addition, these results revealed that there was a close relationship between the vibration frequencies and the micro-structure parameters. 相似文献
16.
This paper examines disposal of metals and the origin, characteristics, and distribution of sedimentary organic matter (SOM) in a Mediterranean karstic estuary in the north-eastern Adriatic. This environment offers a real-time, small model system for studies of geochemical processes in microtidal Mediterranean estuaries that are infilling with sediments and classified as river-dominated disequilibrium estuaries. The results have shown that the longitudinal distribution of heavy metals in sediments follows the sedimentation dynamics and deposition pattern of river-borne, clay mineral particles. The highest concentration of metals was found in the restricted upper part of the estuary, characterized by rapid deposition of clay particles and terrestrial sedimentary organic matter, and decreases toward the open sea. The vertical distribution of metals in sediment cores depends on the prevailing pH and Eh conditions. Significant increases of the concentrations of metals in the uppermost strata are the result of recent anthropogenic inputs. The share of the terrestrial component in SOM, estimated by N/Corg atomic ratios and δ13C values, decreases with distance from the river mouth. The small vertical variation in δ13C values of SOM indicates that a fast sedimentation rate overrides the diagenetically determined decomposition. The results obtained indicate that river-borne inorganic particles, natural terrigenous organic material, and anthropogenic metal loads are trapped in sediments of the estuarine system. Under the prevailing conditions, there is negligible transport towards the open sea. 相似文献
17.
Th. Leipe A. Loeffler K. -C. Emeis S. Jaehmlich R. Bahlo K. Ziervogel 《Estuarine, Coastal and Shelf Science》2000,51(6):789
Suspended particulate matter samples were collected from the water column, the bottom nepheloid layer and the ‘ fluffy layer ’ from four stations along a coastal-basin transect in the Pomeranian Bight, western Baltic Sea. Sampling was performed nine times between October 1996 and December 1998 for various analyses, including electron probe x-ray micro analysis for detailed mineralogical investigations.Specific vertical patterns of clay mineral distributions were found. Suspended particulate matter (SPM) in the bottom nepheloid layer and the ‘ fluffy layer ’ overlying sediments was enriched in organic carbon and hydrated three layer clay minerals, whereas the non-aggregated SPM was dominated by quartz and biogenic opal. It appears that separation effects operate during aggregation of mineral particles and organic matter in repeated cycles of resuspension and settling. No clear seasonal variations in the composition of the SPM were found, in spite of high spatial and temporal variability of biological and physical variables. The results suggest that preferential incorporation, possibly aided by microbiological colonization, of hydrated three layer silicates into the organic flocs is a process that occurs under a wide range of conditions. Because aggregates sink faster than individual particles, aggregate formation led to a relative enrichment of illite and smectite in the near-bottom layers. Considering the affinity of organic contaminants and heavy metals to organic matter, the selective removal of aggregated organic matter and hydrated three-layer clay minerals from the water column and enhanced transport in the near-bottom fluffy layer may be a natural cleansing mechanism operating in the shallow waters of the bight. 相似文献
18.
Particulate samples were collected from the Changjiang river system during a flood period, in May 1997, and POC, stable isotope and lipids associated with particles were examined. Results showed the decrease (0.84% ～ 1.88%) of organic carbon content from the upper reaches to the estuary.δ13C values of particulate organic carbon was in the range of -24.9×10-3 to -26.6×10-3, which were close to the isotopic signature of continental C3 vegetation. Total particulate n-alkanes concentrations varied from 1.4 to 10.1μg/dm3,or from 23.7 to 107μg/g of total suspended matter. Fatty acids were present in all the samples, from 1.4 to 5.4μg/dm3, with saturated and unsaturated straight-chain and branched compounds in the carbon number range from C12 to C30. Both δ13C and the ratio of carbon content to nitrogen content indicate the predominance of terrestrial inputs (soil organic matter) among the particles. The biomarker approach has been used to identify the relative portion of terrigenous and autochthonous fraction in the particulate samples. The distribution of fatty acids suggests a striking phytoplanktonic and microbial signal in most particle samples. The terrestrial alkanes are used to estimate the contribution of terrestrial inputs along the mainstream. 相似文献
19.
胶州湾海水中悬浮体的分布及其季节变化 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
海水中的悬浮体包含有机物和无机物,有机物主要为有机碎屑颗粒,例如植物碎屑、浮游生物等;无机物主要是无机碎屑矿物、粘土矿物,也有少量硅质生物骨骼。海水中无机颗粒物质能通过吸附作用,从海水中有效地富集有机溶解物质。海水中天然有机物的分布、变化与浮游生物的活动密切相关,在海洋食物链中占有重要地位,海水中的颗粒有机物是某些游泳动物和底栖动物的食物,因此,海水中有机物的存在不仅对海洋生物有一定的生态学意义,而且对海洋无机元素的存在形式和地球化学转移过程都有直接影响。
胶州湾是一个典型的半封闭海湾,平均水深7m,面积390km2,自然环境优良,水产资源丰富,因此胶州湾的生态环境、生物资源及生态系统持续发展的研究对胶州湾的综合开发利用具有十分重要的意义。胶州湾海水中悬浮体的分布与变化是胶州湾生态环境研究中的一个重要组成部分。本文根据胶州湾海水中悬浮体的定点观测资料,阐明了胶州湾海水中悬浮体平均含量的分布及其季节变化特征,分析了影响悬浮体含量变化的主要因素。 相似文献
20.
Vertical fine distributions of suspended matter and some chemical compositions in seawater were measured in the layer near the seabed. Distributions of organic suspended matter were almost uniform throughout the layer, but others were anomalous. However, with respect to their peak heights and distribution patterns, the tendency of profiles was the same on the whole. We suggested that these anomalous distributions were primarily caused by the destruction of the large flocculent particle on the seabed and by upward diffusion of disintegrated particles. The similarity of profiles between chemical compositions of dissolved substances and suspended matter of non-dissolved substances, was explained by assuming that pore water in the large particle was simultaneously transported with disintegrated particles after the destruction. An equation for the vertical distribution of suspended matter near the seabed was derived, provided that the rate of destruction of large flocculent particle was in proportion to the current velocity on the seabed. The equation represented the existence of the anomalous distribution, which was continuously changing its pattern. Measurements of vertical profiles of suspended matter showed almost the same tendency with the theory. From the characteristics of the theoretical equation, it was expected that the eddy diffusivity near the seabed was 1050 cm2/sec. 相似文献