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《海洋地质与第四纪地质》1990,(1)
该书对渤海湾盆地的下辽河坳陷、渤海海区、冀中坳陷、黄骅坳陷、东濮坳陷;江汉—洞庭湖盆地的江汉坳陷、洞庭湖坳陷;南襄盆地;苏北—南黄海盆地;东海陆架盆地;南海盆地等的第三系地层进行系统的孢粉相和孢粉颜色研究,获得各含油盆地第三系生油岩孢粉相与孢粉颜色的数据和特征,探讨其沉积环境、生油母质与油气成熟度,评价其生油潜力,为我国东部第三系含油盆地的石油勘探和油气资源评价提供科学依据,也为我国孢粉学研究增添新内容. 相似文献
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目前可用于封存二氧化碳的地质体包含深部咸水层、枯竭油气田、玄武岩等，其中，深部咸水层广泛分布于全球大多数沉积盆地，具有封存能力大、技术成熟、安全性高、成本低等优点，是一种重要的二氧化碳封存地质体。相较于陆域，海域碳封存具有封存潜力大、安全性高、环境影响小、封存周期长等优点，是实现“双碳”目标的重要途径。东海陆架盆地面积大，盆地构造稳定性较高，属于次冷-次热盆地，碳封存目标层厚度大、分布广，具有良好的咸水层二氧化碳封存地质条件，且盆地油气勘探开发程度较高，实施二氧化碳咸水层地质封存的工程条件成熟。在中国海域含油气盆地中，东海陆架盆地咸水层二氧化碳地质封存适宜性为高适宜。综合考虑勘探开发程度、区域构造稳定性、地热条件、二氧化碳咸水层地质封存物质条件和地质封存工程实施条件等可影响二氧化碳地质封存前景评价的参数，分别评价了各区带二氧化碳封存前景。其中，台北坳陷和浙东坳陷碳封存前景最好，适宜实施二氧化碳地质封存；长江坳陷和海礁隆起碳封存前景较好，可作为实施二氧化碳地质封存的备选区带。 相似文献
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渤海湾盆地潜山油气富集规律与勘探 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
渤海湾盆地中、古生界或前古生界潜山油气藏非常发育，到目前为止共探明67个油气田（藏）。其油气富集规律①是冀中坳陷富集程度最高，济阳坳陷、辽河坳陷次之，黄骅坳陷、渤中坳陷最低；②是中位序潜山油气田（藏）富集程度最高，低位序次之，高位序、顶位序最低；③是潜山油气田（藏）以断块山圈闭为主，以褶皱山圈闭为辅；最后是潜山油气田（藏）以大、中型为主，以小型为辅。盆地内潜山油气富集原因是“新生古储”的结果，即是古近系多套烃源岩覆盖多位序潜山地层，并经断层、地层不整合通道将极为丰富的烃类运移至不同位序潜山圈闭成藏。指出了多个有利勘探目标，为下一步的潜山油气勘探提供了建议。 相似文献
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通过回顾苏北盆地50余年油气勘探历程和取得的重大发现，阐述了苏北下扬子区钻井发现中、古生界油气储层系统的特征，指出海相储集岩分为裂缝型储层、白云岩型储层、风化壳储层等类型，对于我国南黄海盆地海域油气储层特别是海相中、古生界油气储层特征研究及评价具有实际意义。 相似文献
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《海洋地质前沿》2017,(1)
为了探讨南黄海中—古生界油气保存条件,开展了上下扬子中—古生界构造演化、生储盖组合等对比分析。结果显示:印支和燕山运动对南黄海中—古生界的影响大大强于上扬子四川盆地,致使三叠系残留厚度较薄;推测南黄海中—古生界盖层以泥岩为主,膏盐岩为辅,其中泥岩盖层以下寒武统、下志留统和上二叠统为主,膏盐岩盖层则以中下三叠统为主。综合研究认为,烟台坳陷和崂山隆起以下寒武统或下志留统的泥岩为主要盖层,推测可形成威远型气藏;而青岛坳陷和勿南沙隆起以上二叠统泥岩为直接盖层,中下三叠统膏盐岩为间接盖层,推测可形成五百梯型或建南型气藏。南黄海盆地间接盖层缺乏,但下古生界具有良好的生烃潜力和保存条件,因此,南黄海盆地应重视下古生界页岩气的勘探和开发。 相似文献
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东海陆架盆地是在元古界、古生界复杂基底上发展形成的中—新生代叠合含油气盆地,蕴藏丰富的油气资源,对中国的能源战略意义重大,东海陆架盆地中生界将是未来中国东部油气勘探新区及重要领域。台北坳陷位于东海陆架盆地西部坳陷带南部,中生界陆相河湖沉积体系发育福州组泥岩、石门潭组泥岩两套主力烃源岩。根据台北坳陷烃源岩、储盖组合、输导体系等油气藏形成的静态要素为基础,结合油气来源和成藏期次分析,研究其成藏过程,明确了台北坳陷以福州组、石门潭组为主力烃源,福州组、石门潭组及始新世瓯江组砂体为主要储层,油气沿着凹陷边缘的砂体、活动的断层运移,砂体尖灭和断层封闭时期,油气早期成藏;始新世末-渐新世的全盆性挤压反转,油气重新调整聚集成藏。从而建立起台北坳陷中生界早期成藏,后期调整的成藏模式。 相似文献
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南安盆地是南海南部重要的大型含油气盆地之一，深入分析其构造-沉积演化特征对盆地油气勘探具有重要的指导作用。结合已有研究成果，开展盆地二维地震资料解释，识别出南安盆地新生代以来5个主要的二级层序界面和4套地震层序。在层序地层格架下，根据地震反射特征识别出南安盆地楔形、S型（丘状）等5类地震相类型；砂包泥岩、砂泥岩互层等7类地震岩相类型以及扇三角洲、河流三角洲等8类主要沉积相。综合盆地构造演化特征，南安盆地新生代以来主要分为4个阶段：初始裂陷阶段、主裂陷阶段、断拗转换阶段和拗陷热沉降阶段。其中，中中新世以前为盆地裂陷阶段，发育陆源碎屑沉积，早期为湖相沉积，晚期为滨浅海相沉积；中中新世以后为拗陷阶段，发育陆源碎屑沉积和碳酸盐岩沉积。通过油气成藏模式研究，南安盆地烃源岩发育且品质较好，有利储集相带纵向厚度大且横向范围广，区域盖层覆盖整个盆地，并形成了早期的自生自储和晚期的下生上储两类油气成藏系统。 相似文献
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Arne Schnack-Friedrichsen Angela M. Davis Jim D. Bennell Dei G. Huws 《Marine Georesources & Geotechnology》2001,19(4):221-243
The interdependence between the seismo-acoustic properties of a marine sediment and its geotechnical/physical parameters has been known for many years, and it has been postulated that this should allow the extraction of geotechnical information from seismic data. Though in the literature many correlations have been published for the surficial layer, there is a lack of information for greater sediment depths. In this article, a desktop study on a synthetic seafloor model illustrates how the application of published near-surface prediction equations to subsurface sediments (up to several tens of meters burial depth) can lead to spurious predictions. To test this further, acoustic and geotechnical properties were measured on a number of sediment core samples, some of which were subjected to loading in acoustically-equipped consolidation cells (oedometers) to simulate greater burial depth conditions. For low effective pressures (representing small burial depths extending to around 10 meters subsurface), the general applicability of established relationships was confirmed: the prediction of porosity, bulk density, and mean grain size from acoustic velocity and impedance appears generally possible for the investigated sedimentary environments. As effective pressure increases through, the observed relationships deviate more and more from the established ones for the near-surface area. For the samples tested in this study, in some instances increasing pressure even resulted in decreasing velocities. There are several possible explanations for this abnormal behavior, including the presence of gas, overconsolidation, or bimodal grain size distribution. The results indicate that an appropriate depth correction must be introduced into the published prediction equations in order to obtain reliable estimates of physical sediment properties for greater subsurface depths. 相似文献
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Shigehisa Nakamura 《Marine Geodesy》2000,23(1):55-61
Specific properties of the interannual sea level variations and annual tides in the Northwestern Pacific were studied. Several tide stations were monitored. The monthly mean sea level for the year of 1995 was analyzed at each tide station. A seismic event in 1995, some tectonic activity around the subject area, and the Kuroshio (the oceanic western boundary current) may possibly contaminate results which would have occurred from the astronomical annual tide alone. 相似文献
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The effect of different fixation and storage protocols on the flow cytometric (FCM) simultaneous analysis of bacterioplankton and phytoplankton in coastal seawater samples (Mediterranean coastal lagoons) was investigated. FCM measurements (cell number, fluorescence and scatter characteristics) were obtained through DAPI staining. Three fixatives [glutaraldehyde (GA), formaldehyde (FA) and paraformaldehyde (PFA)] and two storage (3 months duration) methods (5 °C and −196 °C) were tested. Two dominant populations were detected in studied samples: bacteria and eukaryotic picophytoplankton. Adding fixatives (2% final concentration) appears necessary to obtain FCM exhaustive counts of all the bacteria and phytoplanktonic cells. This was related to the permeation effect of fixatives which allowed a better DAPI staining of the cells. Maximum fluorescence, i.e. optimal staining of the cells was obtained with FA or PFA, and significant lower fluorescences with GA. Fixed samples stored at 5 °C induced rapid cell loss. Only storage in liquid nitrogen of samples fixed with FA or PFA, allows mid-term (≥4 months) preservation of bacteria or picophytoplankton cell numbers, and limited evolution of DAPI-induced fluorescence and scatter characteristics. 相似文献
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《海洋学报(英文版)》2014,(9):F0003-F0003
<正>Acta Oceanologica Sinica(AOS)is a comprehensive academic journal edited by the Editorial Committee of Acta Oceanologica Sinica and is designed to provide a forum for important research papers of the marine scientific community which reflect the information on a worldwide basis.The journal publishes scholarly papers on marine science and technology,including physics,chemistry,biology, 相似文献
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The relationship between the flux of exotic benthic foraminiferal tests (i.e. tests which are supplied from open-sea sources alone) in a tidal inlet and that of bulk sediment was analysed, which can be expressed as two first-order linear equations. According to this relationship, in order to determine net sediment transport directions in the entrance, the test concentration in surficial sediments of the tidal basin can be compared against a ‘ critical level ’. The critical level is determined for the conditions that no net transport of bulk sediment is present within the entrance. If the observed concentration (averaged over the tidal basin) is higher than the simulated critical level, then the net sediment transport is directed to landward. This method is applied to the analysis of net sand transport at Christchurch Harbour, a tidal inlet system located in southern England. In this investigation, concentrations of exotic foraminiferal tests in the surficial sediments of the tidal basin and ebb tidal delta area were obtained from the analysis of sea-bed sediment samples. A series of probable critical levels were calculated based upon the data sets with regard to: (1) sediment discharge from the rivers; (2) magnitude of sediment discharge within the entrance during the ebb; (3) the test concentration outside the harbour; (4) the thickness of the moving layer; and (5) two parameters associated with dispersive processes. The results show that the concentration in the tidal basin sediment is higher than a number of simulated critical concentrations for representative cases. Consequently, the high level of the concentration of exotic benthic foraminiferal tests within the harbour should be explained as a result of landward net transport of sands within the entrance. 相似文献
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Coastal inundation associated with extreme sea levels is the main factor which leads to the loss of life and property whenever a severe tropical cyclonic storm hits the Indian coasts. The Andhra and Orissa coasts are most vulnerable for coastal inundation due to extreme rise in sea levels associated with tropical cyclones. Loss of life may be minimized if extreme sea levels and associated coastal flooding is predicted well in advance. Keeping this in view, location specific coastal inundation models are developed and applied for the Andhra and Orissa coasts of India. Several numerical experiments are carried out using the data of past severe cyclones that struck these regions. The simulated inland inundation distances are found to be in general agreement with the reported flooding. 相似文献
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This study tests the hypothesis that the in situ void ratio of surficial marine sediments may be predicted from shear wave velocity-depth data with a reliability equal to that of other methods currently available. Shear wave velocity is fundamentally controlled by the number of grain-to-grain contacts per unit volume of material and by the effective stress across those contacts. In this study, three previously established empirical formulae are used to predict void ratio from velocity-depth data. Field data were acquired along a transect off the northern Californian coast across which water depth increased from 35 to 70 m and seafloor sediment type varied from sand to silty-sand, respectively. A towed seafloor sled device was used to collect shear wave refraction data, and a marked, systematic decrease in velocity was observed along the line, ranging from 35-70 m/s for the coarse, near-shore material to 25-40 m/s for the finer, offshore deposits. Void ratios predicted from these velocities were compared with data measured directly from box-core samples. Of the formulae used for prediction, two agree remarkably well with the control data. Both predicted and control values increase from 0.6-0.8 for the sandy material to 1.1-1.5 for the silty-sand. Thus, this study does not disprove the hypothesis set and demonstrates the potential of field shear wave velocity-depth data as a means of delineating spatial variation in void ratio for surficial marine sediments in a remote, nondestructive manner. 相似文献
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Hoi-Soo Jung Kap-Sik Jeong Yong-Shik Chu Sung-Hyun Park Ki-Hyune Kim 《Marine Georesources & Geotechnology》2001,19(3):181-195
Grain size and water content in box-core sediments from the Clarion-Clipperton fracture zone (C-C zone) in the northeast equatorial Pacific were analyzed in detail to understand the downcore variations across a hiatus between Quaternary and Tertiary layers. Grain-size distributions in the topmost core sediments show two modes: a coarse mode (peaked at 50 μm) and a fine mode (at 2-25 μm). The coarse mode disappears gradually with depth accompanied by the dissolution of siliceous fossil tests, whereas the fine mode coarsens due to the formation of authigenic minerals. Water content increases abruptly across a color boundary between an upper pale brown layer and a lower dark brown layer that is the hiatus between Quaternary and Tertiary layers. Abundant smectites and microvoid molds, which are created by the prolonged fossil dissolution in the underlying sediment, are attributed for the abrupt downcore variation of water content. Overall variations in grain size and water content in the topmost core sediments in the western C-C zone are possibly constrained by the dissolution of biogenic siliceous fossils. Variations in geotechnical properties related to these changes must be considered in the design of nodule collectors. 相似文献