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1.
对2011年秋季(10月)乳山湾及邻近海域的网采浮游植物的物种组成、细胞丰度分布、群落结构特征及其与环境因子的相关性进行分析。共鉴定出浮游植物3门31属58种,硅藻是主要类群,多为广温广盐性或温带近岸性种。调查海域的优势种属有中肋骨条藻(Skeletonema costatum)、洛氏角毛藻(Nitzschia lorenziana)、圆筛藻(Coscinodiscus spp.)、星脐圆筛藻(Coscinodiscus asteromphalus)、夜光藻(Noctiluca scintillans)和伏氏海线藻(Thalassiothrix frauenfeldii)。浮游植物细胞丰度介于(1.39～44.72)×104个/m3,平均为15.70×104个/m3,呈现出湾内高于湾外的特征。ShannonWinner指数、均匀度指数和丰富度指数的平面分布显示:湾内浮游植物群落的结构稳定性低于湾外。相似性聚类分析结果显示:湾内和湾外表现出不同的浮游植物群落特征。浮游植物细胞丰度与亚硝酸盐呈极显著正相关,与盐度呈极显著负相关。 相似文献
2.
大规模增养殖区柘林湾叶绿素a的时空分布 总被引：9，自引：1，他引：9
柘林湾是粤东一个大规模海水增养殖区和赤潮重灾区.2001年7月至2002年7月对柘林湾及其周边水域(共设19个站位)进行的叶绿素a含量周年调查结果表明,调查海区叶绿素a站位实测值年变化为0.01~3.26 mg/m3,均值为0.56 mg/m3.平面分布的基本格局表现为湾顶黄冈河内与湾口外侧海域的叶绿素a含量明显高于湾内的,湾内外侧和东部水域的叶绿素a含量明显高于湾内内侧和湾西部的.结合同步调查的水化数据得知,柘林湾是一个高营养盐、低叶绿素的海湾,其原因可能与高密度、大规模海水增养殖业引起的水流不畅、水下光照减弱和养殖贝类的摄食等有关.柘林湾叶绿素a含量的季节变化显著,最高值出现在2001年夏季8月,最低值出现在冬季1月和2002年7月,其中2002年7月的叶绿素a含量仅为2001年7月的1/10左右.这种巨大的年际间变化显然与2001~2002年厄尔尼诺现象导致粤东地区于2002年春夏期间气候异常、干旱少雨、径流剧减和调查海区浊度大幅升高有关. 相似文献
3.
2009年夏季乐清湾网采浮游植物群落结构特征 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
利用2009年8月(夏季)采集于乐清湾18个调查站位的浮游植物样品,对该海域浮游植物群落的种类组成、优势种及丰度分布、多样性和均匀度等群落结构特征进行了分析,结果表明:乐清湾海域鉴定出的浮游植物共65种,隶属于2门27属,其中硅藻门为23属57种,甲藻门为4属8种。硅藻门以圆筛藻属Coscinodiscus种类为最多,其次为角毛藻属Chaetoceros、根管藻属Rhizosolenia、菱形藻属Nitzschia、斜纹藻属Pleurosigma;甲藻门以角藻属Ceratium种类为最多,其次为多甲藻属Per-idinium。优势种均为硅藻,包括中肋骨条藻Skeletonema costatum、虹彩圆筛藻Coscinodiscus oculus-iridis、琼氏圆筛藻Coscinodiscus jonesianus和辐射圆筛藻Coscinodiscus radiatus,其中中肋骨条藻占绝对优势。浮游植物丰度分布不均匀,湾内部西岸、灵昆北堤附近和大门岛南部的浮游植物丰度较高,湾内部东岸和乐清湾向东海开口处的浮游植物丰度较低。乐清湾夏季浮游植物丰度的分布主要受硅藻丰度分布的影响,其中湾口向东海开口区域浮游植物丰度的分布受中肋骨条藻丰度分布的影响,湾内浮游植物丰度的分布主要受圆筛藻属丰度分布的影响;甲藻的丰度分布基本上不影响浮游植物丰度的水平分布格局。浮游植物多样性指数(H′)平均值为2.429,均匀度指数(J′)平均值为0.638,两指数均高于2008年夏季杭州湾水平,表明夏季乐清湾浮游植物群落结构组成优于杭州湾。 相似文献
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2014年秋季渤海网采浮游植物群落结构 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
基于2014年秋季在渤海进行的水文、化学和生物方面的综合大面调查，研究了渤海网采浮游植物群落的结构特征，并结合文献资料，分析影响浮游植物群落结构形成的原因。结果显示:2014年渤海秋季共鉴定浮游植物3个门42属96种，其中以硅藻为主，为34属79种，占总物种的82%；甲藻门7属16种，占总物种的17%；金藻门1属1种。其中，角毛藻属的种类最多，共17种；其次为圆筛藻属，共13种。浮游植物总细胞丰度介于(0.71～72.15)×104 cells/m3，平均为13.88×104 cells/m3，硅藻与甲藻细胞丰度比值为2∶1，硅藻在莱州湾的细胞丰度极显著高于其他海区，甲藻在渤海中部海区的细胞丰度显著高于其他海区。浮游植物优势种主要为星脐圆筛藻(Coscinodiscus asteromphalus)、威氏圆筛藻(C. wailesii)、具槽帕拉藻(Paralia sulcata)、梭状角藻(Ceratium fusus)和夜光藻(Noctiluca scintillans)。渤海秋季浮游植物群落多样性水平分布不均，局部海域由于单一优势种过量繁殖多样性降低，低值区分布于辽东湾和渤海海峡海域。与历史同期资料对比，渤海海域浮游植物群落出现明显的物种演替现象，甲藻中的角藻逐渐兴起，其在渤海中部及辽东湾的优势地位已经超过角毛藻属和圆筛藻属，渤海秋季局部海区浮游植物群落结构已经由硅藻控制转为硅藻和甲藻共同控制。 相似文献
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根据2015年夏、秋两季在诏安湾及其邻近海域开展大面综合调查获得的数据,研究了该海域浮游植物的群落结构,并对浮游植物群落与环境因子的关系进行了冗余分析。共鉴定浮游植物2门33属80种,其中硅藻门28属71种,甲藻门5属9种。夏季优势种为菱形海线藻(Thalassionema nitzschioides)、尖刺菱形藻(Nitzschia pungens)和中肋骨条藻(Skeletonema costatum),秋季优势种为钟形中鼓藻(Bellerochea horologicalis)、洛氏角毛藻(Chaetoceros lorenzianus)、中肋骨条藻、菱形海线藻、星脐圆筛藻(Coscinodiscus asteromphalus)、琼氏圆筛藻(Coscinodiscus jonesianus)和佛氏海毛藻(Thalassiothrix frauenfeidii)。浮游植物密度在3. 32×104～1. 27×108cells/m3之间,夏季明显高于秋季,夏、秋两季密度呈现由湾内向湾外逐渐增加的趋势。夏季种类多样性指数平均为1. 77,秋季为2. 87。冗余分析结果表明,活性磷酸盐、化学需氧量、温度、盐度和pH是影响诏安湾及其邻近海域浮游植物群落的主要环境因子。 相似文献
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2010 年4 月-2011 年3月对烟台近海（四十里湾和套子湾） 浮游植物群落结构时空变化特征展开了为期1年的双月
调查。在28 个站位的调查研究中,共发现浮游植物78 属187 种,其中硅藻50 属103 种,甲藻21 属73 种,褐胞藻5属7
种,绿藻1属3种,未定类1种。硅藻在数量与物种组成上为主要类群,分别占浮游植物总量的97.3 %与55.3 %,其次为甲
藻。浮游植物细胞丰度、多样性指数（H忆） 和均匀度指数（J） 呈现明显的季节特征：细胞丰度周年变动范围为0.6伊104~
156.7伊104 cells/L,最高峰出现在夏季（8 月）,次高峰出现在春季（3,4 月）;多样性指数（H忆）的周年变动范围是1.23~
2.55,均匀度指数（J）的周年变动范围是0.28~0.68,两者在夏初（6 月） 和秋季（10 月） 较高。浮游植物优势种在夏季以
硅藻-甲藻-褐胞藻联合为主,其余调查季节主要以硅藻为主。应用聚类分析分析了6个航次浮游植物群落结构的平面分布格
局。四十里湾和套子湾细胞丰度在整个调查期间无显著差异,而在秋季（10 月） 和冬季（12 月） 存在显著差异。春初（3
月）,四十里湾与套子湾浮游植物群落结构差异显著,其他调查季节两湾浮游植物并无显著差异。 相似文献
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2001—2002年粤东柘林湾浮游动物的生态学研究 总被引：25，自引：3，他引：25
2001年4月-2002年4月,利用生态学方法对粤东柘林湾浮游动物进行的周年调查结果表明,粤东柘林湾浮游动物有桡足类34属60种,枝角类3属3种,及端足类、磷虾、糠虾、多毛类、毛颚类、被囊类、水母和各种浮游幼体虫.浮游动物的群落构成小型化趋势明显,因为体长不足0.6 mm的小型优势种强额拟哲水蚤(Paracalanus crassirostris)、短角长腹剑水蚤(Oithona brevicornis)和鸟喙尖头(氵蚤)(Penilia avirostris)在浮游动物总个体数中所占比例合计高达57.1 %.浮游动物的种类数、总个体数和生物量的平面分布模式大体相似,即湾外大于湾内,外侧大于内侧,东部大于西部.总个体数与生物量的周年变化曲线与水温的变化趋势非常相似,高峰位于高温季节的8-9月,低谷位于冬季2月.调查期间柘林湾浮游动物非常丰富,年均总个体数达15.8×103 ind/m3,生物量达227.8mg*dW/m3.在单一调查年度内,浮游动物丰度与水温、浮游植物细胞数呈显著正相关关系.在不同年份,浮游动物丰度与浮游植物密度则表现为负相关的趋势. 相似文献
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2009年春季胶州湾浮游植物群落结构特征 总被引：2，自引：4，他引：2
本文研究了2009年春季胶州湾23个大面站浮游植物的群落结构特征。共检出浮游植物3门47属74种,平均细胞丰度为827.77cell/m L,其中硅藻在物种数量和细胞丰度上占绝对优势。主要优势种为丹麦细柱藻Leptocylindrus danicus和中肋骨条藻Skeletonema costatum。调查期内浮游植物表层细胞丰度的平面分布趋势为北部高于南部,湾内高于湾口,浮游植物的垂直分布则为各水层之间细胞丰度相差不大,没有明显的差异。表层浮游植物的Shannon-Wiener指数和均匀度指数的分布显示胶州湾东北部浮游植物群落较西南部更加均匀稳定。与环境因子的相关分析表明浮游植物细胞丰度与温度呈正相关。 相似文献
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Arne Schnack-Friedrichsen Angela M. Davis Jim D. Bennell Dei G. Huws 《Marine Georesources & Geotechnology》2001,19(4):221-243
The interdependence between the seismo-acoustic properties of a marine sediment and its geotechnical/physical parameters has been known for many years, and it has been postulated that this should allow the extraction of geotechnical information from seismic data. Though in the literature many correlations have been published for the surficial layer, there is a lack of information for greater sediment depths. In this article, a desktop study on a synthetic seafloor model illustrates how the application of published near-surface prediction equations to subsurface sediments (up to several tens of meters burial depth) can lead to spurious predictions. To test this further, acoustic and geotechnical properties were measured on a number of sediment core samples, some of which were subjected to loading in acoustically-equipped consolidation cells (oedometers) to simulate greater burial depth conditions. For low effective pressures (representing small burial depths extending to around 10 meters subsurface), the general applicability of established relationships was confirmed: the prediction of porosity, bulk density, and mean grain size from acoustic velocity and impedance appears generally possible for the investigated sedimentary environments. As effective pressure increases through, the observed relationships deviate more and more from the established ones for the near-surface area. For the samples tested in this study, in some instances increasing pressure even resulted in decreasing velocities. There are several possible explanations for this abnormal behavior, including the presence of gas, overconsolidation, or bimodal grain size distribution. The results indicate that an appropriate depth correction must be introduced into the published prediction equations in order to obtain reliable estimates of physical sediment properties for greater subsurface depths. 相似文献
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Shigehisa Nakamura 《Marine Geodesy》2000,23(1):55-61
Specific properties of the interannual sea level variations and annual tides in the Northwestern Pacific were studied. Several tide stations were monitored. The monthly mean sea level for the year of 1995 was analyzed at each tide station. A seismic event in 1995, some tectonic activity around the subject area, and the Kuroshio (the oceanic western boundary current) may possibly contaminate results which would have occurred from the astronomical annual tide alone. 相似文献
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The effect of different fixation and storage protocols on the flow cytometric (FCM) simultaneous analysis of bacterioplankton and phytoplankton in coastal seawater samples (Mediterranean coastal lagoons) was investigated. FCM measurements (cell number, fluorescence and scatter characteristics) were obtained through DAPI staining. Three fixatives [glutaraldehyde (GA), formaldehyde (FA) and paraformaldehyde (PFA)] and two storage (3 months duration) methods (5 °C and −196 °C) were tested. Two dominant populations were detected in studied samples: bacteria and eukaryotic picophytoplankton. Adding fixatives (2% final concentration) appears necessary to obtain FCM exhaustive counts of all the bacteria and phytoplanktonic cells. This was related to the permeation effect of fixatives which allowed a better DAPI staining of the cells. Maximum fluorescence, i.e. optimal staining of the cells was obtained with FA or PFA, and significant lower fluorescences with GA. Fixed samples stored at 5 °C induced rapid cell loss. Only storage in liquid nitrogen of samples fixed with FA or PFA, allows mid-term (≥4 months) preservation of bacteria or picophytoplankton cell numbers, and limited evolution of DAPI-induced fluorescence and scatter characteristics. 相似文献
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《海洋学报(英文版)》2014,(9):F0003-F0003
<正>Acta Oceanologica Sinica(AOS)is a comprehensive academic journal edited by the Editorial Committee of Acta Oceanologica Sinica and is designed to provide a forum for important research papers of the marine scientific community which reflect the information on a worldwide basis.The journal publishes scholarly papers on marine science and technology,including physics,chemistry,biology, 相似文献
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The relationship between the flux of exotic benthic foraminiferal tests (i.e. tests which are supplied from open-sea sources alone) in a tidal inlet and that of bulk sediment was analysed, which can be expressed as two first-order linear equations. According to this relationship, in order to determine net sediment transport directions in the entrance, the test concentration in surficial sediments of the tidal basin can be compared against a ‘ critical level ’. The critical level is determined for the conditions that no net transport of bulk sediment is present within the entrance. If the observed concentration (averaged over the tidal basin) is higher than the simulated critical level, then the net sediment transport is directed to landward. This method is applied to the analysis of net sand transport at Christchurch Harbour, a tidal inlet system located in southern England. In this investigation, concentrations of exotic foraminiferal tests in the surficial sediments of the tidal basin and ebb tidal delta area were obtained from the analysis of sea-bed sediment samples. A series of probable critical levels were calculated based upon the data sets with regard to: (1) sediment discharge from the rivers; (2) magnitude of sediment discharge within the entrance during the ebb; (3) the test concentration outside the harbour; (4) the thickness of the moving layer; and (5) two parameters associated with dispersive processes. The results show that the concentration in the tidal basin sediment is higher than a number of simulated critical concentrations for representative cases. Consequently, the high level of the concentration of exotic benthic foraminiferal tests within the harbour should be explained as a result of landward net transport of sands within the entrance. 相似文献
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Coastal inundation associated with extreme sea levels is the main factor which leads to the loss of life and property whenever a severe tropical cyclonic storm hits the Indian coasts. The Andhra and Orissa coasts are most vulnerable for coastal inundation due to extreme rise in sea levels associated with tropical cyclones. Loss of life may be minimized if extreme sea levels and associated coastal flooding is predicted well in advance. Keeping this in view, location specific coastal inundation models are developed and applied for the Andhra and Orissa coasts of India. Several numerical experiments are carried out using the data of past severe cyclones that struck these regions. The simulated inland inundation distances are found to be in general agreement with the reported flooding. 相似文献
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Rahul Sharma 《Marine Georesources & Geotechnology》2000,18(3):237-250
Observations on seafloor features from subbottom profiling and seabed photography data show that the undisturbed and natural conditions before the benthic disturbance undergo a substantial change after operation of the disturber. The effects can be seen in the form of deep trenches and grooves, formed by the action of the sleds and the pumping of the sediment along its path, as well as sediment piles on either side of the track. Biological traces such as fecal coils, casts, tubes, burrows, and trails get obliterated in the areas of disturbance and resedimentation. The smooth, uniform nature of the seafloor observed in predisturbance phase shows microtopographic changes in and around the disturbed area as a result of sediment excavation and resettlement. Vertical mixing as well as lateral transport of sediment alter the geological, biological, physical, and chemical conditions on the seafloor, which need to be monitored over time to assess the process and the time taken for restoration of environmental conditions. 相似文献
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Vance P. Vicente 《Marine Ecology》1989,10(2):179-191
Abstract. Long-term changes in the distributional patterns of commercial sponges ( Spongia spp. and Hippospongia spp.) within the West Indian Region indicates that: 1) commercial sponges had a widespread distribution throughout the whole West Indian Region and were ubiquitous in very shallow water until about the first half of the present century; 2) they were fished commercially not only in the traditional northern Caribbean sites (Florida, Gulf of Mexico, Bahamas) but also in the Greater ( e. g. , Hispaniola, Jamaica) and Lesser Antilles; and 3) they became extinct throughout most of the Lesser Antilles ( e. g. , Puerto Rico, Vieques, St. Thomas) sometime during the first half of this century. Mortalities of spongiids within the Antilles were found to differ from other marine mortalities in that: 1) species disappeared from a large region; 2) species vanished from different habitats and depths; and 3) natural populations never recovered. Species richness patterns suggest that commercial sponge genera ( Spongia and Hippospongia ) evolved under slightly cooler elimatic conditions than those found at present, and that these extinctions occurred as a direct or indirect effect of positive thermal anomalies in sea surface and atmospheric temperatures between 1900–1950. The concept that species diversity is stable on a regional scale is questioned. 相似文献