共查询到20条相似文献，搜索用时 78 毫秒
1.
On the basis of the results of regional reanalysis of the atmospheric circulation presented with a resolution of 9 km, the
process of formation of breezes is studied for the case of weak synoptic background activity in the rectilinear part of the
west coast of the Black Sea for the period 01–04.07.2007. It is shown that the gravitational currents, breeze fronts, and
intense internal waves are formed under these conditions in the troposphere during the daytime. The Hovm?ller diagrams of
the wind velocity and the maps of the vertical sections of potential temperature, vertical velocity of the air masses, and
other parameters are presented. On the basis of these diagrams and maps, we obtain quantitative estimates of the wind velocity
in the breeze and of the velocity of propagation of the breeze front and compare these estimates with the available literature
data. 相似文献
2.
We executed investigations of Mediterranean lenses detection in the Atlantic using data recorded by buoys-profilers of the
“Argo” project (more than 11200 profiles). We investigate the region from 28° to 47° N and from 7° to 27° W for the period
from 2001 to 2010. From these data, we revealed “lenses profiles” with the salinity values exceeding 36 psu (2043 cases).
We demonstrate the allocation of Argo buoys in the area investigated and indicate their working periods; we also show the
periodicity of the “lenses profiles.” It was found out that the Argo buoys traced individual lenses and depicted correctly
their movements, the vertical scale of the eddy, its location in the depth, and the hydrological peculiarities of the lenses.
We estimated the number of lenses occurring in different periods and analyzed the interaction of the Argo buoy with the intrathermocline
lenses. The importance of these investigations for studying the Mediterranean water dynamics was pointed out. 相似文献
3.
Inertial oscillations as deep ocean response to hurricanes 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
We discuss the deep ocean response to passing hurricanes (aka typhoons), which are considered as generators of near-inertial, internal waves. The analysis of data collected in the northwestern
parts of the Pacific and Atlantic oceans in the hurricane season permit us to assess the deep ocean response to such a strong
atmospheric forcing. A large number of moorings (more than 100) in the northwestern Pacific have allowed us to characterize
the spatial features of the oceanic response to typhoons and the variable downward velocity of near-inertial wave propagation.
The velocity of their downward propagation varies in the range 1–10 m/hour. It is higher in the regions of low stratification
and high anticyclonic vorticity. The inertial oscillations generated by a hurricane last for 10–12 days. The mean anticyclonic
vorticity in the region increases the effective frequency of inertial oscillations by 0.001–0.004 cyc/hour. 相似文献
4.
5.
《Oceanic Engineering, IEEE Journal of》2009,34(2):103-112
6.
The occurrence of the small meander of the Kuroshio, generated south of Kyushu and propagating eastward, was examined using
sea level data collected during 1961–1995 along the south coast of Japan. Intra-annual variation of the sea level was expanded
by the frequency domain empirical orthogonal function (FDEOF) modes, and it was found that the second and third modes are
useful for monitoring the generation and propagation of the small meander. The third FDEOF for periods of 10–100 days has
a phase reversal between Hosojima and Tosa-shimizu with significant amplitude west of Kushimoto, and the amplitude of its
time coefficient is large during the non-large-meander (NLM) period and has a significant peak when the small meander exists
southeast of Kyushu. The second FDEOF for periods of 20–80 days has a phase reversal between Kushimoto and Uragami, and the
amplitude of its time coefficient is large when the small meander propagates to the south of Shikoku. The third FDEOF mode
allowed us to conclude that the small meander occurred 42 times from July 1961 to May 1995, most of them (38) occurring during
the NLM periods. The second FDEOF mode permits the conclusion that half of the 38 small meanders reached south of Shikoku.
Of these, five small meanders influenced transitions of the Kuroshio path from the nearshore NLM path; one caused the offshore
NLM path and four brought about the large meander. About one-tenth of the total number of small meanders are related to the
formation of the large meander. 相似文献
7.
The long-wave outgoing radiation, effective cloudiness equal to the product of the total cloud amount by their optical density,
and the sea-surface temperature determined from the satellites are used to determine the annual course of the components of
external heat balance on the sea surface whose climatic anomalies, parallel with the meridional heat and water transfer in
the ocean-atmosphere system, specify the intraannual and interannual large-scale variations of weather in different regions
of the Earth. The development of these studies is connected with the progress of satellite hydrophysics because the data obtained
from the space become sufficiently exact, regular, and global. The increase in the existing data array on the external heat
balance of the oceans from ∼15–20 to 100 yr and more would promote the solution of the problem of oscillations of Earth's
climate. We present examples of coordinated numerical analysis of the heat balance of the upper (0–100 m ) layer of the Black
Sea performed on the basis of the shipborne and satellite data.
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Translated from Morskoi Gidrofizicheskii Zhurnal, No. 6, pp. 59–75, November–December, 2007. 相似文献
8.
To describe the phenomenon of cold surges in the Black Sea in winter, we study the problem of atmospheric response to a local
heat source on the surface in two simple formulations. In the shallow-water model, the planetary boundary layer of the atmosphere
is homogeneous with variable upper bound. In the second model, the boundary layer has a constant thickness and its stratification
is homogeneous. In the one-dimensional problem, for a constant wind blowing perpendicularly to the sea coast, the atmospheric
response is determined by a single dimensionless parameter called the Froude number. Depending on its value, there are two
possible different modes of the response. The range Fr < 1 (subcritical mode) corresponds to gentle winds, strong stratifications,
thick boundary layers, and high velocities of inertial gravitational waves. The range Fr > 1 (supercritical mode) corresponds
to strong winds, weak stratifications, thin boundary layers, and low wave velocities. In the two-dimensional problem for a
round sea, there are four qualitatively different types of response depending on the combination of two dimensionless parameters:
the Froude number and the ratio of the radius of the sea to the radius of deformation.
Translated from Morskoi Gidrofizicheskii Zhurnal, No. 5, pp. 3–22, September–October, 2008. 相似文献
9.
The catastrophic tsunami of December 26, 2004 in Southeast Asia revealed the necessity of creating tsunami early warning systems
in the regions of the World Ocean where these systems are still absent but the potential hazard of tsunami generation exists.
The Black Sea is one of these regions. We present the general characteristic of the tsunami hazard in the Black-Sea region
and describe the most probable zones of tsunami generation, the specific features of tsunami propagation, and the parameters
of tsunamis according to the data of observations and the results of numerical simulations. We also discuss the possibility
of tsunami early warning on the basis of the operative data provided by the network of hydrometeorological and seismological
observation stations existing in this region.
Translated from Morskoi Gidrofizicheskii Zhurnal, No. 5, pp. 57–66, September–October, 2008. 相似文献
10.
B. L. Berry 《Izvestiya Atmospheric and Oceanic Physics》2011,47(7):848-880
Stable oscillations of heliogeophysical and other natural processes are generated within the solar system (SS) by interactions
between the gravitational fields of the Sun, planets, and their satellites. The resonant periods of the SS are well described
by a geometrical progression similar to a sound series with 32 notes in an octave. A comparison of the members of this geometrical
progression to the orbital and rotational periods of the planets and the Moon and to the orbital periods of Jupiter’s satellites
shows that the discovered regular pattern in the distribution of the motion periods of SS bodies holds with a 95% probability.
Numerous natural periods of solar activity, interplanetary magnetic fields, the Earth’s magnetic field and rotational speed,
movement of the Earth’s poles, seismic activity, and other terrestrial processes in the range of 10−4–106 years are also consistent with the members of this geometrical progression. Heliogeophysical oscillations have a common external
origin, and their periods often coincide with one another. The amplitudes of the oscillations of terrestrial processes depend
on the oscillations in solar activity, lunar-solar tidal forces, and the Earth’s rotational speed, and on the interactions
of geophysical processes. The existence of common external periods makes it possible to find significant correlations between
terrestrial processes that appear to have no cause and effect relationships, e.g., between global air temperatures and magnitudes
of regional earthquakes over a 600-year interval. These correlations testify to the influence of changes in the Earth’s rotational
speed on tectonic and climatic processes and provide additional proof for the feasibility of the harmonic model of Northern
Hemisphere temperatures. The parameters of stable oscillations that are components of global seismicity harmonic models and
those of air temperatures and other natural processes are found from the respective simulated or observed time series. These
models permit long-term forecasts of terrestrial and solar processes. The paper gives examples of successful forecasts of
global seismicity in 2005–2010 and hazardous events of various origin in 1986, 1995, 2005, 2008, and 2010. Hazardous events
are expected to intensify in 2011/2012, 2016/2017, 2024, and 2028/2029. The next economic crisis is expected in 2029 ± 1. 相似文献
11.
We study nonlinear three-wave interactions between edge waves propagating in the same direction over the shelf step. The conditions
of synchronism are determined and the coefficient of interaction is computed for the cases where the waves of the five lowest
modes participate in the interaction. The space-time dynamics is studied by analyzing, as an example, a single triad of edge
waves. The possibility of interaction of edge waves in the regions with actual topography is demonstrated.
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Translated from Morskoi Gidrofizicheskii Zhurnal, No. 3, pp. 3–19, May–June, 2008. 相似文献
12.
E. B. Shibanov 《Physical Oceanography》2005,15(3):192-202
We study the problem of the choice of initial approximation for the reflection and transmission coefficients in numerical
methods based on the principle of “interaction.” The disadvantages of the approximation of single scattering are demonstrated
and the regularities of propagation of light in media with strongly anisotropic scattering are analyzed. Semianalytic expressions
proposed for the evaluation of the initial approximation enable one to determine the characteristics of the light field in
plane-parallel media with relative errors of about 10−5 within the framework of the algorithm of “adding” of layers.
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Translated from Morskoi Gidrofizicheskii Zhurnal, No. 3, pp. 62–72, May–June, 2005. 相似文献
13.
The Princeton Ocean Model is adapted to the water area of the Balaklava Bay for the numerical analysis of circulation. The
calculations are performed with the help of the diagnostic method by using the data of the hydrological survey carried out
in the bay in August 1992. We study the structure of the surface and bottom currents in the analyzed period as well as the
vertical circulation of waters and the circulation averaged over the depth. The obtained three-dimensional fields of currents
are used for the numerical analysis of the process of propagation of passive contaminating impurities from the sources located
on the coasts of the Balaklava Bay.
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Translated from Morskoi Gidrofizicheskii Zhurnal, No. 3, pp. 49–61, May–June, 2005. 相似文献
14.
基于遥感与现场观测数据的南海北部内波传播速度 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
南海北部是全球海洋中内波最为活跃、生成和演变机制较为复杂的海域,本文利用多源卫星遥感数据(MODIS、GF-1、ENVISAT ASAR、RADARSAT-2)和现场观测数据开展了南海北部内波传播速度的研究。通过匹配捕获同一条内波的相邻两幅遥感图像,由内波的空间位移和时间间隔反演传播速度,并以0.5°×0.5°网格给出了南海北部内波传播速度的分布图。研究结果表明,内波传播速度受背景流场、水体层结和底地形变化等多因素影响,特别是水深。在南海北部由东至西、由南至北方向,内波传播速度逐渐递减。深海区内波传播速度最大,可达3m/s以上;内波在向西大陆架传播过程中,随着水深变浅速度逐渐减慢,传播速度为1—2m/s;大陆架浅海的内波传播速度较小,仅为零点几米每秒。同时,利用Kd V方程反演了内波传播速度理论值,对遥感数据提取的内波传播速度进行了精度验证,结果较为一致。 相似文献
15.
16.
The coastal sea level propagating westward along the south coast of Japan and the impact of the disturbance on the generation
of the Kuroshio small meander have been examined. The propagation occurs in sea level variations for periods shorter than
10 days and is remarkable for periods of 4–6 days. Characteristics of the 4–6 day component have been studied using the extended
empirical orthogonal function (EEOF). The first and second modes of EEOF are almost in-phase throughout the south coast of
Japan. The higher four modes of EEOF are significantly excited when the Kuroshio takes the non-large-meander path, and propagate
westward with phase speeds of 2.8 m s−1 (third and fourth modes) and 1.6 m s−1 (fifth and sixth modes) in the Kuroshio region west of Mera in the Boso Peninsula. The analysis shows that more than 70%
of the small meanders generate in two months after a significant propagating disturbance reaches south of Kyushu when the
velocity of the Kuroshio is high. This effect of coastal disturbance is examined by numerical experiments with a 2.5-layer
model in which coastal disturbance is excited by vertical displacement of the upper interface. The result is that offshore
displacement of the Kuroshio occurs southeast of Kyushu only in the case of significant upward displacement of the interface
under the influence of a high Kuroshio velocity. The significant coastal disturbance, which is associated with upward displacement
of the density interface, and a high Kuroshio velocity can therefore be important factors in generating small meanders. 相似文献
17.
S. F. Dotsenko 《Physical Oceanography》2005,15(6):363-369
We perform the numerical analysis of the propagation of tsunamis in the Black Sea from the zones of seismic generation located
to the south of the Crimea and in the northwest part of the sea. It is shown that the tsunamis induced by earthquakes in the
Crimean seismic zone are entrapped by the nearest part of the shelf and do not result in noticeable oscillations of level
in the northwest part of the sea. This enables us to explain the absence of manifestations of tsunamis in 1927, 1939, and
1966 near Odessa. The tsunami waves generated by earthquakes in the northwest part of the sea are characterized by the directivity
of their propagation. The wave height is maximum in the areas corresponding to the north and east directions of propagation.
Hence, the north coast of the sea and the Kalamit Bay (Crimean Peninsula) are characterized by elevated tsunami hazard for
earthquakes occurring in the northwest part of the Black Sea.
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Translated from Morskoi Gidrofizicheskii Zhurnal, No. 6, pp. 46–53, November–December, 2005. 相似文献
18.
I. E. Timchenko V. A. Zhorov E. M. Igumnova I. P. Lazarchuk 《Physical Oceanography》2007,17(4):223-241
For the ecosystem of the northwest shelf of the Black Sea studied as an example, we construct a dynamic model of the integrated
processes of development of phyto-and zooplankton, larvae, and fish and the variations of the concentrations of biogenic elements
and detritus. The data of many-year observations over these processes are generalized and the scheme of genetic relations
between these processes is proposed. By the method of adaptive balance of causes, we establish the dynamic model equations
of the ecosystem. It is proposed to use the method of analytic hierarchy process for the estimation of the coefficients of
the model with regard for the degree of influence of external and internal factors on the dynamics of the ecosystem. Some
examples of analysis of various scenarios of the development of integrated processes running in the ecosystem are presented
and their comparison with the data of many-year observations in this region is performed.
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Translated from Morskoi Gidrofizicheskii Zhurnal, No. 4, pp. 48–69, July–August, 2007. 相似文献
19.
S. F. Dotsenko 《Physical Oceanography》2006,16(2):77-88
Within the framework of a linear model of long waves in a two-layer ocean, we obtain the analytic solution of the problem
of evolution of an axially symmetric initial displacement of the jump of density. In the process of adaptation of the fields,
internal waves in the form of a decaying (in time) wave packet are emitted from the zone of initial perturbation. These waves
are quasiinertial and their dispersion is conditioned by Earth’s rotation. We study the time evolution of the wave packet
and the dependence of its characteristics on the width of the zone of initial perturbation and the depth of the jump of density.
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Translated from Morskoi Gidrofizicheskii Zhurnal, No. 2, pp. 12–23, March–April, 2006. 相似文献
20.
Yu. V. Artamonov A. E. Bukatov N. M. Solovei E. A. Skripaleva 《Physical Oceanography》2005,15(4):203-210
By using the linear theory of internal waves in a continuously stratified ideal incompressible liquid of finite depth and
hydrological data, we study the dispersion properties and space structure of the vertical velocity of the first mode of free
internal waves in the Atlantic Ocean. The dependence of the characteristics of waves on the hydrological structure of waters
is analyzed.
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Translated from Morskoi Gidrofizicheskii Zhurnal, No. 4, pp. 3–10, July–August, 2005. 相似文献