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对短螺栓型膨胀式自应力灌浆卡箍的滑动承载力进行了试验研究,首先从自应力产生机理介绍了短螺栓型灌浆卡箍结构,分析了这种结构的特点和优越性,然后在不同膨胀剂掺量和长细比下进行了这种卡箍试件的滑动承载力测试。试验结果表明:滑动承载力随着膨胀剂掺量的增加线性增加;在长细比为1.02~1.67的范围内,滑动应力差异不大,但当长细比增加到3.33时,滑动应力明显降低;而且短螺栓型膨胀式自应力灌浆卡箍比近似结构尺寸的传统长螺栓型卡箍能提供更大的滑动应力。试验结果为短螺栓型膨胀式灌浆卡箍的工程应用提供了一定的设计依据。 相似文献
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紫海胆生殖腺和棘壳中的金属元素 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
在生殖季节从大亚湾采集紫海胆Ａｎｔｈｏｃｉｄａｒｉｓ ｃｒａｓｓｉｓｐｉｎａ,分离出生殖腺和棘壳,用ＩＣＰ－ＡＥＳ法测定其金属元素含量。结果表明,紫海胆生殖腺中含有Ｃａ,Ｍｇ,Ｓｒ,Ｆｅ,Ｍｎ等１８种金属元素。这些元素几乎都同样在棘壳中存在,而且棘壳中的浓度比生殖腺的高出几十到几百倍。同时发现棘壳中金属元素的浓度比海水中的高很多,如Ｆe的浓度为海水的３４万倍。同时发现棘壳中金属元素的浓度比海水中的 相似文献
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成岩模型描述了沉积物中的物理、化学或矿物变化,可用于描述和预测沉积物间隙水中溶解物质的浓度变化［２］、估算沉积物水界面物质的扩散通量及描述降解有机质的组成。这些模型将扩散过程处理为有效扩散系数（Ｄｅ）,Ｄｅ＝Ｄｓ＋Ｄｂ＋Ｄｉ＋Ｄｗｃ,其中Ｄｓ为分子扩散系数;Ｄｂ为颗粒混合引起的生物扩散系数;Ｄｉ为因底栖生物活动引起的灌溉系数;Ｄｗｃ为浪流混合系数。沉积物间隙水中Ｄｂ、Ｄ１、Ｄｗｃ引起的溶质迁移与Ｄｓ相似,但机理不同。深海沉积物中Ｄｂ、Ｄｉ和Ｄｗｃ一般比Ｄｓ小;而浅海有机质丰富的沉积物中Ｄｉ和Ｄｗ… 相似文献
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为了快速并有效地计算海洋平台等薄壁箱型梁结构的约束扭转极限承载能力,进行了薄壁梁约束扭转极限承载能力简化计算方法研究.基于塑性极限状态分析理论,提出了薄壁梁约束扭转极限状态应力分布假设,将薄壁梁视作为一系列由主要支撑构件和扶强材支撑的板格,推导了薄壁梁约束扭转极限承载能力上限的计算公式.应用非线性有限元方法验证了所提假设和计算公式的精度,将所提方法应用于箱型梁模型和半潜平台的约束扭转极限承载能力的计算分析,并与非线性有限元结果进行了比对,结果表明,本方法具有较高的精度,可用于海洋平台等薄壁梁的扭转极限承载力上限的估算. 相似文献
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本文由ＶｏｎＭｉｓｅｓ屈服准则，建立了承受弯曲与外压联合作用下的海底输油（气）管道的初始屈服公式。公式中考虑了实际管道的初始椭圆率。对深水域管道的初始屈服强度作了数值预测。给出了各种参数对屈服强度的影响曲线 相似文献
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船舶与海洋结构在服役期间会遭受电化学和微生物侵蚀等多种腐蚀环境影响，加筋板作为此类结构的主要受力构件，其表面易产生不规则形态的点蚀，引起构件的强度退化。利用ANSYS有限元软件构建加筋腹板遭受随机点蚀损伤的加筋板有限元模型，研究带板长宽比、带板长细比、加筋长细比和腐蚀体积损失率对加筋板极限强度的影响。研究结果表明，加筋遭受同等腐蚀体积损失率下，带板长宽比变化对极限强度退化的影响很小，但带板长细比和加筋长细比变化产生的影响明显；带板长细比越大，极限强度退化越严重，而加筋长细比越大，极限强度退化反而越小。针对文中研究的加筋板，当加筋长细比为 0.2时，腐蚀体积率为14%的随机点蚀导致结构极限强度退化程度达到约14.0%。因此，加筋的随机点蚀损伤会显著削弱加筋板结构的极限强度，其影响不可忽略。 相似文献
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流式细胞仪样品流速的即时标定及误差分析 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
流式细胞仪是进行细胞生物学研究的重要仪器 ,在微型浮游生物的研究中也起着很重要的作用［３］ ,但流式细胞仪测定对进样体积的准确度和精密度往往都有较高的要求。目前的几种商业化流式细胞仪 (如ＢｅｃｋｍａｎＣｏｕｌｔｅｒ的ＥＰＩＣＳＸＬ，ＢｅｃｔｏｎＤｉｃｋｉｎｓｏｎ的ＦＡＣＳＣＡＬＩＢＵＲ，ＢｅｃｔｏｎＤｉｃｋｉｎｓｏｎ的ＬＳＲ，Ｃｙｔｏｍａｔｉｏｎ的ＭｏＦｌｏＢＴＡ，Ｐａｒｔｅｃ＿ＰＡＳ的Ｄａｋｏ＿ＧＡＬＡＸＹ［４］)采用的进样方式主要有两种 ,即针筒式进样和压力式进样。压力式进样是普遍采用的进样方式 ,… 相似文献
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中国对虾肌动球蛋白变性后ATPase活性的研究 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
在中国对虾肌动球蛋白（Ａｏｔｏｍｙｏｓｉｎ）经冷冻变性和热变性后，对Ｃａ２＋－ＡＴＰａｓｅ、Ｍｇ２＋－ＡＴＰａｓｅ活性及蛋白质溶解度进行了研究。冷冻变性之后，肌动球蛋白Ｃａ２＋－ＡＴＰａｓｅ活性呈逐渐下降趋势，一般贮藏温度越低，活性降低越快。热变性之后，肌动球蛋白Ｃａ２＋或Ｍｇ２＋－ＡＴＰａｓｅ活性都随温度升高而下降，但肌动球蛋白Ｃａ２＋或Ｍｇ２＋－ＡＴＰａｓｅ活性在３５℃有一急剧下降的拐点，并分别在４５℃、４０℃附近低到０。由于蛋白质的变性，其溶解度也降低 相似文献
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The pile–soil system is divided into layers of sufficient number such that the shear stiffness at the pile–soil interface can be determined based on the complex stiffness transfer method. The vertical reaction of surrounding soil on the annular projections at the interface of adjacent pile segments is simplified using Voigt model, whose spring and damping coefficients are derived afterward, allowing an amended impedance function transfer method to be proposed. Using the amended impedance function transfer method, the dynamic equilibrium equation of the pile is solved to give an analytical solution for the impedance function at the pile top. By comparing the solution proposed in this paper with other solutions, the superiority of the bearing capacity of a tapered pile is further confirmed. A parameter study is then conducted to give insight into the coupled interaction of the vertical reaction of the surrounding soil with construction disturbance in the low-frequency range concerned in the seismic design of the pile foundations. 相似文献
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《海洋技术学报》2024,(1)
为提高基础利用率增加海上风电设施的可行性，对楔形单桩基础竖向承载力特性进行研究分析。采用PLAXIS 3D 有限元软件建立楔形单桩基础模型，从桩侧摩阻力、桩侧法应力及土体位移对比分析楔形单桩基础与等截面单桩竖向承载特性差异，并探讨内摩擦角、楔角及楔高对承载力的影响。研究表明：楔形单桩基础竖向承载力高于等截面单桩基础，且承载力随着楔角、楔高的增大而增大，提高率最大达24.786%。倾斜侧壁的引入改变了桩侧摩阻力的传递规律；倾斜侧壁挤密桩周土体，桩侧摩阻力与法向应力增大，从而有效提高单桩基础的竖向承载力。研究成果可为今后海上风电单桩基础截面型式的设计提供参考。 相似文献
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Offshore jacket platform is widely used as production or oil recovering platform in the shallow sea, and is also applied to the offshore wind turbine supporting structure in the recent years. The jacket structures are normally designed to be conservative and bulky according to various design codes. In this work, a structural optimization design method for jacket platform structure has been developed based on topology optimization theory. The topology optimization method is applicable at an early design stage, which can determine the initial structure and force transmission path. The whole design space is chosen as design variables, and the goal is to maximize the structural stiffness. A set of constraints based on multi-criteria design assessment is applied according to standard requirements, which includes stress, deformation, vibration and design variable constraints. The optimization results are compared with the original platform for static performance, dynamic performance and Ultimate Carrying Capacity (UCC). Results show that the optimized structure show a 13.7% reduction in the global mass, 46.31% reduction in the maximum equivalent stress, and large ultimate carrying capacity ability under the same environmental loads. It is demonstrated that the proposed topology optimization method is capable of effectively determining the optimal design of jacket platform structures. 相似文献
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变截面劲性水泥土桩承载特性室内模型试验研究 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
研究变截面劲性水泥土桩的几何特征对承载特性的影响,结果表明:具有1个扩大盘或2个扩大盘间距较大的变截面桩,盘下部的土体发生压缩和局部剪切破坏现象,上部的土体则发生梨形滑落;盘间距较小时,上下两盘之间的土体与两盘成为一体;变截面桩的桩侧荷载分担值均远大于桩端荷载分担值,盘的数量及间距对桩侧及桩端荷载分担值影响不大;1个盘时,其位置对承载力有一定的影响;2个等间距盘的变截面桩,盘位置越高承载力越高;盘间距对承载力影响不显著;3个盘的承载力大于2个盘的承载力,但结果相差不大;变截面桩的承载力得到显著提高,其承载力不小于与扩大盘直径相等的等截面桩;随着桩顶荷载的增大,盘承担的荷载增加显著,盘以下桩身的轴力因盘承担大部分而骤减,其降低幅度与盘的数量、位置及间距有关. 相似文献
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Zhen-Ya Li 《Marine Georesources & Geotechnology》2017,35(2):256-265
The vertical dynamic impedance of the large-diameter pile is theoretically investigated considering the construction disturbance effect. First, the Rayleigh–Love rode model is introduced to simulate the large-diameter pile with the consideration of its transverse inertia effect. The shear complex stiffness transfer model is proposed to simulate the radial inhomogeneity of the pile surrounding soil caused by the construction disturbance effect. Then, the pile–soil system is divided into finite segments, and the governing equation of the pile–soil system subjected to vertical dynamic loading is established. Following this, the analytical solution of vertical dynamic impedance at the pile head is obtained by means of the shear complex stiffness transfer method and the impedance function transfer method. Based on the present solution, a parametric analysis is conducted to investigate the influence of the transverse inertia effect on the vertical dynamic impedance at the pile head and its relationship with the pile–soil parameters. Finally, comparisons with published solutions are carried out to verify the reliability of the present solution. 相似文献
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《中国海洋工程》2021,(3)
The low side friction of piles in coral sand results in the low bearing capacity of foundations. In this paper, expansive concrete pile is utilized to improve the bearing capacity of pile foundations in coral sand. Both model tests and numerical simulation are performed to reveal the bearing mechanism of expansive concrete pile in coral sand.Results showed that the lateral earth pressure near pile increases obviously and the side friction of piles is improved,after adding expansion agent to the concrete. The horizontal linear expansion is 1.11% and the bearing capacity increased 41% for the pile, when 25% expansion agent is added. Results in finite element numerical simulation also show that ultimate bearing capacity increases with the increase of the linear expansion ratio. Besides, the area for obvious increase in side friction is below the surface of soil about three times the pile diameter, and the expansion leads to a high side friction sharing of the pile. Therefore, the cast-in-place expansive concrete pile is effective in improving the bearing capacity of piles in coral sand. 相似文献
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采用CEL大变形非线性有限元方法并结合非线性地基梁模型对海洋石油941钻井船在番禺10-2平台钻井插桩时对邻近导管架平台群桩的影响进行了分析,并得到以下结论:1)钻井船插桩过程中,桩身最大位移及出现的位置随钻井船插桩深度增加而下移且钻井船插桩位置与群桩距离越近,对桩的影响越大;2)在插桩过程中,桩身最大弯矩出现的位置与桩身最大位移出现的位置一致,而桩身最大剪力出现的位置较桩身最大弯矩出现的位置偏下;3)与没有插桩影响的群桩相比,桩身最大弯矩与桩身最大剪力明显增加。 相似文献
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复合加载下桶形基础循环承载性能数值分析 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
作为一种新型基础形式,吸力式桶形基础除了承受海洋平台结构及自身重量等竖向荷载的长期作用之外,往往还遭受波浪等所产生的水平荷载及其力矩等其它荷载分量的瞬时或循环作用。对复合加载模式下软土地基中桶形基础及其结构的循环承载性能尚缺乏合理的分析与计算方法。应用Andersen等对重力式平台基础及地基所建议的分析方法,基于软黏土的循环强度概念,在大型通用有限元分析软件ABAQUS平台上,通过二次开发,将软土的循环强度与Mises屈服准则结合,针对吸力式桶形基础,基于拟静力分析建立了复合加载模式下循环承载性能的计算模型,并与复合加载作用下极限承载性能进行了对比。由此表明,与极限承载力相比,桶形基础的循环承载力显著降低。 相似文献