首页 | 本学科首页   官方微博 | 高级检索  
相似文献
 共查询到20条相似文献,搜索用时 125 毫秒
1.
介绍了声学多普勒流速剖面仪(ADCP)测流和测深的基本原理,着重论述了汇整ADCP测量的层深、水深数据的误差来源、判读和校正方法,并给出了实用的计算公式。本文研究的方法对于船载、向下观测的走航、定点ADCP测量深度数据的处理,精确定位海流测量结果、保证海流测量结果反映真实海洋环境状况,具有实际的应用价值,同时能够为锚系ADCP测量层深与水深数据的处理提供可参考的技术依据。  相似文献   

2.
为解决海流计在实际应用中存在的部分专业术语不规范、译名不统一和归类有差异等问题,促进海洋观测仪器的发展和应用,文章参照相关标准规范、权威专著和专业文献等资料,根据海流计的工作原理和使用性质,结合业界实践经验,系统梳理各类型海流计的命名、分类、适用范围、特点和发展方向等内容。研究结果表明:海流计可定义为“一种用于测量海水流速和流向的仪器”,根据工作原理主要分为机械式海流计、电磁海流计、声学海流计和其他海流计4个大类,不同类型的海流计各具特性;其中,机械式海流计主要包括厄克曼海流计、印刷海流计、照相型海流计、磁录式海流计、遥测海流计和直读式海流计,电磁海流计主要包括地磁场电磁海流计和人造磁场电磁海流计,声学海流计主要包括声学多普勒流速剖面仪、声学多普勒海流单点测量仪、声学多普勒流速仪和时差式声学海流计,其他海流计主要包括激光多普勒测速仪、电阻式海流计、应变片海流计、倾斜式海流计、粒子图像测速仪和海洋湍流剖面仪。  相似文献   

3.
声学多普勒海流剖面仪(ADCP)是最近十几年来迅速发展起来的一种新型海流计.它的最大优点是能同步测量海流的垂直剖面,本文主要介绍我所研制的“声学多普勒剖面海流计”(以下简称为剖面流)的测流原理,系统硬件组成,软件设计以及介绍最近一次的海上比测试验情况。  相似文献   

4.
多普勒海流计是根据声学多普勒效应的原理制成的测流仪。它用声波换能器取代了传统的以机械转动为基础的传感器。其量程宽,既可测弱流,又能测强流,测量呈线性,一般情况下精确度较高。多普勒海流计的种类型号很多,有的可安在平台或海底,进行定点测流,有的可装在调查船上,作锚锭浮泊或走航测流。因为它能够测量水体垂直剖面上的各层流速,因此又称它为剖面海流计我国已自行设计出 SLY1-1型声学多普勒海流计,其流向流速测量方法及仪器主要技术指标可参看文献[4]和[5]。多普勒海流计在我  相似文献   

5.
声学多普勒流速剖面仪(ADCP)是对海洋内波监测的有效手段,但受到仪器本身和复杂的海洋环境噪声等影响,走航式ADCP记录的海流数据存在大量噪声,且混有流速异常值。为了进一步提高海洋内孤立波的提取精度与准确性,本文针对走航式ADCP海流数据特点引入IGG3方法的权函数因子,设计了一种抗差Vondrak滤波器,并与快速傅里叶变换、小波分析和滑动平均3种传统滤波方法进行对比,以验证抗差Vondrak滤波方法的有效性与优越性。研究结果表明,抗差Vondrak滤波方法不仅可以有效地滤除流速噪声,还可以自适应剔除海流观测数据中的异常值,由其提取出的内孤立波准确且各层水平流速清晰。因此,与传统滤波方法相比,抗差Vondrak滤波方法在内孤立波提取方面具有一定的优越性。  相似文献   

6.
河口海岸测流仪器比测研究   总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1  
通过对直读式海流计、ENDECO海流计和ADP测流结果的对比分析表明,ENDECO所测流速比直读式海流计偏小约4.2%,流向偏小2.4%;ADP测得的流速比直读式海流计偏大6.1%,流向偏大3.6%,但ADP测量数据更稳定;由三种仪器测得的涨落潮平均流速相对偏差均在10%左右。三种仪器的观测数据可比性强,同时使用时完全能够相互对比分析。流速小于30 cm/s时,由于仪器的摩擦阻力作用,直读式海流计精度变低;流速大于30 cm/s时,三种仪器测得的结果相差较小。与直读式海流计和ADP相比,ENDECO海流计对流向变化较敏感。  相似文献   

7.
声学多普勒流速剖面仪(Acoustic Doppler Current Profilers,ADCP),是美国RD公司八十年代初研发生产,用于海洋海流调查的仪器,ADCP能同时采集流速、流向、水深、回波强度、航速等要素,在海洋调查中得到广泛应用。长江水利委员会水文局长江口水文实验站在1990年率先引进了美国RDI公司的窄带DR-600k ADCP,解决了长江口江面宽、风浪大、传统测验方式难以收集完整全潮潮流资料的难题。经过RD公司专家来现场安装、调试、培训等过程,历经两年在长江口徐六泾站及长江中游九江站、大通站进行专项比测试验,掌握了ADCP的操作方法,熟悉参数设置及优化,开发了ADCP数据处理软件,成功应用于长江口潮流测验。20纪90年代至今国产ADCP研制从诞生到产品不断出现,可以借鉴首台引进ADCP的成功经验。本文应与流速仪进行比测(比对),收集不同水文环境的资料样本进行分析研究,资料分析时宜与TRDI的WinRIver软件采集的船速、流速、水深等数据进行对比分析,优化国产ADCP软件的功能,提高国产ADCP软硬件的性能使用单位购买ADCP后应进行必要的外围设备配置如GNSS、外接罗经等,制定严格的操作规程、建立ADCP维护保养制度,以保证ADCP能正常收集资料。生产厂家要建立野外服务公告,对用户在使用过程中遇到的问题及处理方式方法进行公布,同时收集和分享用户的使用经验。  相似文献   

8.
ADCP资料处理中的船速计算   总被引:5,自引:0,他引:5  
吴中鼎  梁广建  李占桥  陈淼 《海洋测绘》2004,24(5):13-15,19
船载ADCP具有走航测流的特点,弥补了传统测流仪器只有停船才能观测的不足。它可以同时观测多层海流数据,获取连续性资料。ADCP测得流速是海水相对于船体的速度,在正常观测条件下,船速远大于海水流速,因而船速计算是ADCP资料处理的关键。本文对不同的船速计算方法进行了比较,对使用参考层法计算船速的原理、特点和效果进行了论述。  相似文献   

9.
LADCP数据处理方法的探讨及其对应软件包的使用   总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2  
针对国内当前在LADCP数据处理过程中出现的问题,引入了国际海洋界目前普遍使用的两种方法,即剪切方法和逆方法,着重阐述了它们的主要思想,并详细介绍了基于这两个方法而编写的软件包,包括它们的构成、各部分的功能、具体使用步骤及注意事项。利用2005年9月至12月‘863规范化外海试验’的数据进行了大量验证,结果表明利用这两种方法获得的绝对流速与AANDERRA海流计和150 kH z船载ADCP的流速结果符合良好,平均误差为±3 cm.-s 1,可以作为一个有力的工具广泛应用于以后的海洋调查中。  相似文献   

10.
高频雷达探测海洋表面流与常规海流计测量海流是两种不同的测量方式。本文根据 2种观测方法所获取资料的不同特点 ,对引起 2种测量方法流速测量差异的主要误差进行了分析 ,并采用合适的方法对这些主要误差进行了量化估计。研究发现 ,2种测量方法取样的空间差异、时间差异以及仪器的观测误差等是构成高频雷达与常规海流计测量结果差异的主要因素。充分考虑这些因素对流速测量的影响能较大的提高高频雷达流速对比验证的精度  相似文献   

11.
High-frequency bubble layer scattering investigations require the measurement of the intensity of backscattered sound and the corresponding depth of the scatterers below the moving surface. Especially at high sea state conditions and high acoustic frequencies, bubbles acoustically mask the surface, i.e., the surface return cannot be detected. However, this environmental condition is the most interesting one in bubble scattering investigations and a reliable method is required to determine the range of the scatterers to the surface displacement. A method for the determination of the vertical profiling of acoustic scattering in the presence of bubbles at high sea state conditions is presented. It is based on the transmission of a low-frequency signal alternately to the high-frequency signal at which the scattering investigations are performed. The only information that is extracted from the low-frequency echo is the onset of the surface return. It is used to compute the true depth of scatterers at the high frequency. Experiments were conducted to determine the optimum low frequency at which the detection of the surface onset in the presence of a high bubble concentration is ensured. A screening ratio is defined to give a measure of the acoustic masking of the sea surface. It is depicted for an extreme wind condition (20 m/s) for the frequency range of 5-25 kHz and as a function of wind speed for 50 kHz measurements. Selected results of subsurface bubble scattering at 50 kHz from experiments under open sea conditions are presented for the wind speed regime from 9 to 22 m/s. Additionally, the two-frequency scatterometer is used to measure sea state characteristics simultaneously to the scattering investigations by remote sensing techniques  相似文献   

12.
Current measurements were made at five moored stations over the continental shelf off the San'in coast of the Japan Sea for a month in the summer of 1980 to study the vertical structure of the nearshore branch of the Tsushima Current. The time-mean current for the observational period is 20 to 25 cm sec–1 eastward near the surface and about 10 cm sec–1 westward near the sea bottom except at the shallowest station. The time-mean current,i.e. the nearshore branch of the Tsushima Current is mainly due to the baroclinic modes. The currents are less variable in the first half of the observational period, but fluctuate with a several-day period in the latter half. The obtained current data were decomposed into barotropic and baroclinic modes to investigate the detailed characteristics of the fluctuations. In the latter half, the current fluctuations of the two modes with about a 5-day period are well correlated with each other, as the baroclinic mode lagging behind the barotropic mode by 12 hr. The barotropic current fluctuation is correlated to the sea level, with the former leading the latter by about 12 hr. The baroclinic current is correlated to the temperature at the subsurface layer with a shorter time lag.  相似文献   

13.
A significant surface net heat loss appears around the Kuroshio and the Tsushima Warm Current regions. The area where the surface heat loss occurs should require heat to be supplied by the current to maintain the long-term annual heat balance. Oceanic heat advection in these regions plays an important role in the heat budget. The spatial distribution of the heat supply by the Tsushima Warm Current near the surface was examined by calculating the horizontal heat supply in the surface layer of the East Sea (the Japan Sea) (ESJS), directly from historical sea surface temperature and current data. We have also found a simple estimation of the effective vertical scale of heat supply by the current to compensate net heat loss using the heat supplied by the current in the surface 10 m layer. The heat supplied by the current for the annual heat balance was large in the Korea/Tsushima Strait and along the Japanese Coast, and was small in the northwestern part of the ESJS. The amount of heat supplied by the current was large in the northwestern part and small in the south-eastern part of the ESJS. These features suggest that the heat supplied by the Tsushima Warm Current is restricted to near the surface around the northeastern part and extends to a deeper layer around the southeastern part of the ESJS. This revised version was published online in August 2006 with corrections to the Cover Date.  相似文献   

14.
稳态海面地形(MDT)是大地测量学家和海洋学家共同关心的一个重要物理量。该文基于WHU2009全球平均海面高模型和GO_CONS_GCF_2_TIM_R3纯GOCE重力场模型,采用几何法经高斯滤波处理后确定了全球稳态海面地形,与CLS09及DTU10M DTs相比,其差值均方根RMS均小于8 cm,表明该文结果具有较高的精度;根据地转流方程计算了相应的表层地转流,与GRACE重力场模型GGM03S结果相比,GOCE重力场模型所确定的表层地转流在墨西哥湾流、黑潮及厄加勒斯海流等海域均体现了更强的流速和更多的细部特征,验证了GOCE在洋流探测中的优势。  相似文献   

15.
再谈海冰边缘区域中尺度涡旋形成机制——非线性平流   总被引:1,自引:1,他引:0  
利用三维海洋模式与二维海冰模式耦合,研究海冰边缘区域中尺度涡旋形成最重要的机制之一——非线性平流机制。二维海洋模型模拟结果表明,非线性平流机制在水深比较浅的时候更加重要。不同于把海洋考虑成一个正压流体的二维模型,三维海洋模型中海冰通过海-冰相互作用直接影响海洋表层。我们发现在三维海洋模型实验中,中尺度涡旋和海洋表面抬升都对水深变化敏感。海流速度的垂直结构表面,当海水变浅,各层海流都变得更快。相同风应力作用相同时间之后,表面抬升与海水深度成反比关系。同时我们还发现由于垂直运动,在三维海洋模型实验结果中,海面抬升非常小,只有二维海洋模型实验结果的1%。垂直运动是三维海洋模型和二维海洋模型实验结果不同的根本原因。  相似文献   

16.
A Wind stress–Current Coupled System (WCCS) consisting of the HYbrid Coordinate Ocean Model (HYCOM) and an improved wind stress algorithm based on Donelan et al. [Donelan, W.M., Drennan, Katsaros, K.B., 1997. The air–sea momentum flux in mixed wind sea and swell conditions. J. Phys. Oceanogr. 27, 2087–2099] is developed by using the Earth System Modeling Framework (ESMF). The WCCS is applied to the global ocean to study the interactions between the wind stress and the ocean surface currents. In this study, the ocean surface current velocity is taken into consideration in the wind stress calculation and air–sea heat flux calculation. The wind stress that contains the effect of ocean surface current velocity will be used to force the HYCOM. The results indicate that the ocean surface velocity exerts an important influence on the wind stress, which, in turn, significantly affects the global ocean surface currents, air–sea heat fluxes, and the thickness of ocean surface boundary layer. Comparison with the TOGA TAO buoy data, the sea surface temperature from the wind–current coupled simulation showed noticeable improvement over the stand-alone HYCOM simulation.  相似文献   

17.
东海和南黄海夏季环流的斜压模式   总被引:23,自引:6,他引:17  
王辉 《海洋与湖沼》1996,27(1):73-78
基于拉格朗日余流及其输运过程的一种三维空间弱非线性理论,引进了黑潮边界力及长江径流,给出了东海和南黄海的夏季环流及上升流区的分布。计算结果表明:在黑潮西侧存在着台湾-对马暖流系统;进入朝鲜海峡的对马暖流来自台湾暖流、黑潮、东海混合水和西朝鲜沿岸流;黄海暖流主要来源于东海混合水,表面有部分来自对马暖流;闽浙沿岸存在上升流区且构成一带状区域;在长江口外、东海东北部和陆坡上也存在在上升流式;陆坡处上升流  相似文献   

18.
本文根据台湾海峡南部海区夏季的海流调查资料,参考温、盐、密度等的历史资料和有关方面的研究成果,论述了表层、中层和下层的海流结构。结果表明,南海暖流继续沿着海区中部向东北延伸,但在粤东、闽南近岸的表层这支海流还受到沿岸低盐海水的影响;而黑潮南海分支北段的边缘部分可以影响到本海区的南部海域,这一部分还可能有一支流分出并沿着台湾岛西岸北上。  相似文献   

19.
海洋表面流场是海洋科学研究中需要着重考虑的环境参数,近实时的海洋表面流场精细化测量对海洋学研究有着重要意义,但是目前大多数海洋表面流场观测技术难以同步实现大范围近实时的海洋表面流场观测。文中在简要对比各类海洋表面流场测量方法的基础上,重点介绍了基于水色遥感图像观测反演海洋表面流场的鲁棒光流算法,该算法在流场计算过程中,能很好地保留流场细节信息。为直观验证本文测量方法的可靠性,文中提供了海洋表面流场的分析实例,同时给出了美国国家航空航天局(NASA)提供的OSCAR流场数据,对文中算法的可靠性进行了验证。  相似文献   

20.
Variability of Sea Surface Circulation in the Japan Sea   总被引:3,自引:0,他引:3  
Composite sea surface dynamic heights (CSSDH) are calculated from both sea surface dynamic heights that are derived from altimetric data of ERS-2 and mean sea surface that is calculated by a numerical model. The CSSDH are consistent with sea surface temperature obtained by satellite and observed water temperature. Assuming the geostrophic balance, sea surface current velocities are calculated. It is found that temporal and spatial variations of sea surface circulation are considerably strong. In order to examine the characteristics of temporal and spatial variation of current pattern, EOF analysis is carried out with use of the CSSDH for 3.5 years. The spatial and temporal variations of mode 1 indicate the strength or weakness of sea surface circulation over the entire Japan Sea associated with seasonal variation of volume transport through the Tsushima Strait. The spatial and temporal variations of mode 2 mostly indicate the temporal variation of the second branch of the Tsushima Warm Current and the East Korean Warm Current. It is suggested that this variation is possibly associated with the seasonal variation of volume transport through the west channel of the Tsushima Strait. Variations of mode 3 indicate the interannual variability in the Yamato Basin.  相似文献   

设为首页 | 免责声明 | 关于勤云 | 加入收藏

Copyright©北京勤云科技发展有限公司  京ICP备09084417号