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《海洋地质与第四纪地质》2014,(6)
对闽浙沿岸东部海域83个表层沉积物样品进行了粒度分析,探讨了沉积物类型和粒度参数的分布规律,并分析了物源和水动力条件对沉积物分布格局的影响。结果表明,研究区底质主要有砂、粉砂质砂、泥质砂、砂质粉砂、粉砂和泥6种类型。表层沉积物平均粒径为2.01~7.58Φ,呈现由岸向海粒度变粗、砂含量明显增加、粉砂和黏土含量明显减少的趋势;标准偏差0.48~2.86Φ,分选较差,但由中部向东西两侧分选性变好。研究区近岸细粒沉积物主要来源于长江等沿岸河流携带来的泥沙,外部粗粒沉积物主要是具有滨岸沉积特征的陆架源残留改造沉积,而闽浙沿岸流和台湾暖流对沉积物的分布起着主要的控制作用。依据粒度及其参数特征,综合考虑物源和水动力条件的影响,将闽浙沿岸东部海域划分为3个沉积区:近岸泥质沉积区、中东部混合沉积区和外陆架砂质改造沉积区。 相似文献
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针对灵山湾海水浴场海滩沉积物进行了粒度测试,探讨了沉积物分布特征并分析了其输运趋势。测试结果表明,沉积物类型均为砂,分选好至较好,其沉积作用受相对稳定的水动力条件控制,主要受到波浪、潮汐和沿岸流的影响。灵山湾海水浴场东北侧偏粗,分选略差,西南侧偏细,分选较好。粒度趋势分析显示,研究区沉积物有北东-南西向的沿岸搬运趋势,东北部为侵蚀区,西南部为沉积区。随着青岛西海岸经济新区的大规模开发,灵山湾海水浴场侵蚀可能将会更加严重。日后持续的调查研究,将为本区和其他地区的海滩砂研究和保护提供基础资料和参考。 相似文献
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通过对北戴河西海滩养护前、养护初、3个月和一年后表层沉积物样品粒度实验,获得沉积物粒度参数,并结合Gao—ACollins粒径趋势模型,对海滩养护后沉积物粒度变化特征及其对养护海滩的影响进行了研究。结果显示经波浪等动力作用后,养护后的新海滩沉积物整体呈粗化、分选性变好趋势;海滩沉积物以推移质和跃移质为主;沉积物净运移趋势由离岸搬运为主变为沿岸搬运占优势;填沙物质特征对填沙区及其上、下游沉积物粒度特征有影响,但这种影响随时间推移逐渐减小;潜堤等硬工程设施对养护海滩的稳定具有积极作用。一年后,养护海滩保存良好,填沙物质的选择较合理。 相似文献
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海滩的演变特征是海岸地形动力学研究的一个重要内容。基于在海口湾假日海滩连续33d的地形剖面观测数据和台风前后表层沉积物粒度参数数据, 分析了海口湾中间岸段海滩剖面及沉积物变化特征。利用经验正交函数分析, 得出观测期间海口湾海滩有4个主要模态, 分别对应于涌浪对海滩的建设过程、当地风浪对海滩的侵蚀过程、台风对海滩的侵蚀过程和海滩特征地形的调整过程。研究结果表明: 涌浪和风浪对海滩剖面的作用受到了潮位调制的影响; 海口湾海滩显示出遮蔽型海滩变化特征; 沉积物粒度参数对海滩变化反应敏感, 可以提供丰富的海滩演变信息。 相似文献
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2007年和2010年在厦门湾及邻近海域进行底质表层沉积物和柱状岩心样品采集,并进行粒度分析及粒度参数计算,获得了研究区底质表层和柱状沉积物样品的粒度分布特征.结果表明,厦门湾海域沉积物类型多样,以粉砂质砂和砂质粉砂为主.平均粒径介于?1.5Φ~7.5Φ之间.采用 Gao-Collins粒径趋势分析方法,发现九龙江口的沉积物主要呈东南方向净输运,而大金门南侧海域沉积物则有向九龙江口输运的趋势,同安湾内沉积物由海岸向湾中央输运;厦门东部海域沉积物向北输运,翔安南部海域沉积物向同安湾口以及澳头近岸输移.对柱状岩心进行放射性同位素210Pb 测年分析,计算得到九龙江口沉积速率为2.62 cm/a,进而探讨了九龙江口的沉积环境演化特征,研究成果可为区域资源开发和环境保护提供科学依据 相似文献
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基于日照万平口海区三期水深地形调查资料、水动力及海底沉积物调查数据,研究了日照石臼港海域人工岬湾海滩建设前后波浪场的变化、沉积物在波浪作用下沿岸输运变化及海岸侵蚀冲淤特征,并模拟验证了人工沙滩建设后的平衡岸线,明确了不同长度防波堤建设后海滩的稳定性及其设计的合理性。结果表明:防波堤建设前研究区入射波浪与岸线有一定夹角,导致波浪作用下沉积物有由南向北输移的趋势;人工岬湾的建设可改变近岸波浪场,继而影响沿岸泥沙输运,对岸滩稳定有重要影响;海岸工程、波浪场及泥沙输运三者相互作用,是人工岬湾海岸稳定性的关键因素。 相似文献
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依托秦皇岛北戴河中海滩养护工程,对养滩前后不同时期抛沙区内外表层沉积物样品进行粒度实验,获得沉积物粒度参数,并结合Gao-Collins粒径趋势模型,对海滩养护后沉积物粒度变化特征、沉积物输运变化以及抛沙区外未养护海滩沉积物的影响进行研究.结果显示,海滩养护后,抛沙区内沉积物粒度总体细化,在养滩初到养滩之后6个月期间,抛沙区内沉积物变细、分选变好,这是由于外来抛沙的混杂和夏季ES向波浪的搬运作用,抛沙物质和原始海滩沙混合,抛沙区外变化趋势相反.养滩9个月后,由于冬季暴风浪的增多,抛沙区内沉积物遭受侵蚀并在抛沙区外淤积,抛沙区内沉积物变粗、分选变差,抛沙区外沉积物变细、分选变好.15个月后,抛沙区内外沉积物均变细,冬季侵蚀的海滩得到恢复.沉积物净运移趋势由沿岸输移逐渐变为垂岸输移,这是由于经过1年多的时间,海滩与区域动力环境相适应,海滩处于横向输沙动态平衡的状态,即夏季向岸输沙、冬季离岸输沙. 相似文献
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对大连湾内部及外侧海域采集的46个表层沉积物进行了粒度分析,研究了大连湾现代沉积动力环境、沉积物运移、搬运方式及营力的空间差异,探讨了大连湾内外沉积物运移交换及其影响机制。大连湾内物质来源较少,湾外基岩海岸的侵蚀碎屑、外海潮流携带悬浮沙是本区沉积物的主要来源。岬角沿岸、三山岛周边海域长期波浪辐聚,形成高能扰动环境;三山岛外侧水道为强潮流冲刷环境,涨、落潮流流速上的差异导致双跃移组分;大连湾内潮流波浪较弱,沉积物以悬移组分为主。湾口近岸以波浪破碎形成的沿岸流为主要搬运营力,沉积物自老窝咀、棒棰岛沿岸向大连湾内输运;湾口的中北部物质的交换以潮流为主要搬运营力,向北运移进入大连湾北部。大连湾虽然内外物质的交换较弱,但却具有对来自北黄海物质的"捕获"作用,对于研究古黄海暖流的形成演化指示了新思路。 相似文献
10.
东营港海域表层沉积物分布及其运移趋势 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
根据2008年10月东营港海域表层沉积物粒度取样,结合水文观测和相关波浪资料,通过粒度分析以及粒径趋势矢量和掀沙动力等计算,探讨了沉积物的分布特征及其运移趋势。研究表明:东营港海域表层沉积物以黏土质粉砂为主,由岸向海呈"粗-细-粗-细"的条带状分布,相应地形成了沿岸最粗、近岸次细、远岸次粗和外海最细的4个沉积区,呈现出沉积物由粗沉积区向细沉积区运移的趋势;引堤阻隔了两侧潮流运动和波浪传播的连续性,引起引堤-引桥连接部位水流的辐聚或辐散,对于来自NE向的常强浪,引堤北侧为迎波区,南侧为波影区,致使沿岸和近岸的局部水动力场改变,从而造成了引堤南北侧沉积物分布和运移的差异。进一步研究显示,沉积物在总体上呈离岸运移,与余流呈偏东向的离岸流动基本一致。 相似文献
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Several areas of erosion and accretion were observed along the Burullus-Gamasa beach. The accreted sands are coarser and less sorted than the eroded ones. Differentiation between them could be achieved on the basis of their grain-size fractions, shape of grain-size distribution curves and statistical grain-size parameter relationships. 相似文献
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为研究茅家港附近岸滩面沉积物粒度的变化,在对茅家港近岸滩面沉积物粒度研究的基础上,于1993年9月、1994年1月进行了两次野外采样调查,在室内进行了粒度测量.通过测得的一手资料,绘出不同时间的粒度空间分布图和不同位置的剖面图,对茅家港滩面沉积物粒度的空间分布、季节变化及其反映的水动力变化和原因进行了分析研究,论述了茅家港工程建造前后滩面沉积物粒度变化的规律和原因.研究发现：工程建成后,因突堤内水动力减弱,突堤内滩面沉积物的粒度变细,且比突堤外的细,航道不再淤积,使航道的位置和深度稳定,有效地保护了航道;随着离岸距离增加,因水动力逐渐增强,滩面沉积物的粒径逐渐变粗;因冬季的水动力比夏季的水动力强,冬季滩面沉积物粒度比夏季粗. 相似文献
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渤海湾西岸潮间带沉积物粒度分布特征 总被引：2，自引：1，他引：2
根据2003年12月在渤海湾西岸海河口南缘至歧口间岸段采集的4个柱状沉积物样品和6个表层样品的粒度分析结果,探讨了渤海湾西岸潮间带的粒度分布特征和沉积作用。结果表明,由北向南,表层沉积物逐渐变细,分选性变差。海河口南缘至独流减河之间的表层沉积物为分选良好的细砂,至歧口附近变为粉砂质粘土。在垂直方向上,表层以下一定深度内沉积物的平均粒径都存在一均匀层,层内沉积物为分选良好的细砂,此深度以下沉积物中的粘土含量增加。说明由于60年代之后的自然变化和人类活动,入海泥沙量减少,改变了潮间带沉积物原有的输沙与海滩发育模式,导致独流减河以北的砂质沉积物出现粗化现象。 相似文献
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Tapas Kumar Mallik 《Marine Geology》1976,22(1):1-32
Shelf sediments at the mouth of the Hooghly River which forms the western part of the Ganges—Brahmaputra delta consist of sands, silts and clays and their various admixtures. The bulk of the sediments consists of moderately sorted fine sand to very fine sand. There is variation in lithology in the vertical and horizontal directions, as revealed from the study of the grab and core samples collected in this area, suggesting growth of the delta in different stages. In most of the samples three populations have been recognised. The grain-size variation has resulted from mixing of a number of different grain-size populations. A detailed study of the heavy minerals indicates that the suite consists of hornblende, tremolite/actinolite, opaques, zircon, pyroxenes (ortho-and clino-), garnet, sillimanite, chlorite, muscovite, biotite, epidote, monazite, kyanite, staurolite, riebeckite, carbonates and glauconite. The assemblage and the distribution patterns suggest two distinct mixed igneous and metamorphic sources for the sediments—the Himalayas to the north, mainly drained by the Ganges—Brahmaputra and their tributaries, and the peninsular shield drained by the Dhamra and other easterly-flowing rivers debouching into the Bay of Bengal. The mineralogy of the core samples in the top and bottom layers does not differ, indicating that the source area remained the same during the time of deposition of the sediments. The mineralogy of the sediments in this area, when compared with the mineralogy of the Deep-Sea Drilling Project site in the Bengal fan situated very far to the south, shows similarity because the sediments of the Ganges are carried to the deep-sea. Depending on the mineral assemblage, the area has been divided into four distinct zones: (1) Hooghly River province, consisting of hornblende, tremolite/actinolite, epidote and garnet; (2) a mixed province characterised by epidote, monazite, zircon, kyanite, staurolite, hornblende, tremolite/actinolite, biotite; (3) Dhamra River province characterised by opaques, sillimanite and orthopyroxene; (4) an offshore province comprising muscovite, chlorite and pyroxene. ILlite and kaolinite are the principal clay minerals in the sediments. The mineralogical, grain size and the lithologic studies of the sediments from the core samples suggest a southward to south-southwestward direction of dispersals of the sediments in the eastern part of the area. 相似文献
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The transport pathways of fine sediments (fraction <2 μm) along the Brazilian continental shelf from Ceará to the Amazon River
mouth were studied by means of clay mineral analyses. On the continental shelf southeast of the Amazon mouth, fluctuations
in clay mineral compositions reflect simple mixing between the suspended load of the North Brazil Current and sediment from
several smaller rivers. Previously, clay mineral variations west of the Amazon mouth have been explained by variable settling
velocities of different grain-size classes within the <2 μm fraction or by selective coagulation of individual clay mineral
groups. By contrast, our experiments with river bank samples show that selective coagulation does not occur in Amazon River
sediments. A more appropriate explanation for observed variations in clay mineral composition off the Amazon mouth seems to
be, similarly to that for the shelf between Ceará and the Amazon mouth, a mixing of Amazon sediments with suspended material
of the North Brazil Current. This interpretation is supported by data on clay mineral composition east and south of the Amazon
mouth, showing more affinity to sediments of the North Brazil Current than to the suspended load of the Amazon River. Additionally,
relatively low sedimentation rates and low concentrations of fine-grained sediments on the shelf suggest that high riverine
input by the Amazon River does not overprint the sediments of the North Brazil Current in this region. The strong North Brazil
Current shunts the Amazon suspended load in a north-westerly direction along the north-eastern coast of South America. Hence,
stronger sedimentation of Amazon sediments would occur only west of the river mouth. 相似文献
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为了研究长江口北槽深水航道的泥沙回淤机制及来源,通过对长江口北槽深水航道中部南、北导堤两侧坝田区域所采浅钻柱状样的沉积物特征、粒度参数特征、粒度成分和沉积速率特征等的分析,探讨北槽深水航道水动力条件和泥沙沉积环境。结果显示,柱状样以黏土质粉砂为主,受径流和潮汐作用,分选性都较差,偏态均为正偏,北导堤和南导堤两侧柱状样的分选系数、偏态和峰态在同一侧相互之间的特征较一致,且三组分组成接近;南北导堤异侧之间的粒度特征差异较为明显,北导堤一侧的平均粒度比南导堤的小,北导堤坝田附近的柱状样粒级百分比在垂向上波动变化较大,南导堤则表现的较为单一;南北导堤的敏感组分主要集中在粒级100μm部分。结合资料和测年数据,综合得出,由于北导堤和南导堤的涨落潮不对称,导致了其粒度特征上的不同;北槽淤积中的流域供沙逐渐减少,泥沙来源逐渐转变为滩槽交换供沙为主;北槽受深水航道工程影响巨大,泥沙沉积过程复杂,还需深入研究。 相似文献
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青岛海岸带及邻近海域地形和沉积物类型研究 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
研究了青岛海岸带及邻近海域的地形特征、沉积物类型及分布特征。总体看来,沿海岸粒度较粗,为砂、粉砂质砂等,向海深处粒度有逐渐变细的趋势,海深处的沉积物主要为砂—粉砂—黏土,局部为粉砂质黏土、黏土质粉砂和黏土质砂。灵山岛周围,沉积物粒度较粗。胶州湾口内外为一海底深槽,水深流急,冲刷强烈,沉积物粒度非常粗,主要为粗砂、中砂,局部有基岩出露。深槽南北两侧各有一条突出海底的砂脊,平行于深槽延伸方向砂脊由中砂组成,混有少量黏土,北侧砂脊表面呈不规则起伏,南侧砂脊表面则较为平整。胶州湾内沉积物粒度总体较细,主要为粉砂质黏土、黏土质粉砂及砂—粉砂—黏土等。根据沉积物类型及分布特征,可把青岛海岸带及邻近海域的沉积划分为4个沉积区:胶州湾口及滨岸现代沉积区、北部浅海沉积区、南部浅海沉积区和残留—残余沉积区。 相似文献
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《Coastal Engineering》2002,46(2):127-138
A combination of remote sensing, field surveys and sedimentological analysis of beach sands is used to assess changes of the shorelines consequent to the construction of a harbour at Damietta on the Nile Delta. The results indicate that harbour construction, and, in particular, the construction of two jetties that extend out from the harbour entrance, have created a discontinuity in the eastward-moving littoral drift. Imagery from Landsat Thematic Mapper provides crude assessments of the rate of up-drift accretion and down-drift erosion of the shorelines, despite the relatively coarse pixel size (30 m) and short time-scale of the monitoring period (1984–1987–1991). Conventional bathymetric surveys highlight changes in the nearshore environment associated with the growth of the updrift accretionary wedge and siltation of the harbour access channel. Beach sediments also provide a record of the changes in erosion and accretion-dominated process domains on both sides of the harbour entrance. The accretionary beaches west of the western jetty having a finer mean grain size with a tendency to poorer sorting skewed to the finer fraction and preferential increase in the assemblage of low-density non-opaque heavy minerals. The beach sands of the erosional shoreline east of the eastern jetty are characterised by coarser mean grain size with a tendency to better sorting skewed to the coarser fraction and heavy mineral assemblages dominated by opaques and high-density non-opaques. The synergistic use of remote sensing, bathymetric surveying and sedimentology provides evidence that changes have affected a much larger area than predicted at the time of harbour construction. 相似文献