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1.
2006年10月在长江口及邻近海域采用流式细胞技术测定了微微型浮游生物:聚球藻Synechococcus、微微型光合真核生物(picoeukaryotes)和异养浮游细菌(heterotrophic bacteria)的丰度和碳生物量,研究了其生态分布特点,并分析了其与环境因子之间的关系.结果表明,聚球藻、微微型光合真...  相似文献   

2.
南极考察航线跨越全球多个大洋,对认识超微型浮游生物在全球尺度分布及变化具有重要意义。依托中国第33次南极考察,利用流式细胞仪对航线海表水样中的超微型浮游生物进行了现场测定。结果表明,在热带与温带海域,超微型浮游生物量可占总叶绿素a浓度的60%以上,在南大洋则集中在15%~40%;原绿球藻主要分布在40°S以北海域,聚球藻主要分布在50°S以北海域,而超微型真核藻类和异养细菌则在沿线各海域均有明显分布。在纬向上,原绿球藻、聚球藻、超微型真核藻类和异养细菌的平均丰度分别为(5.50±9.09)×103 cells/mL、(13.56±20.33)×103 cells/mL、(3.87±3.08)×103 cells/mL和(6.39±4.78)×105 cells/mL;南大洋海域,超微型真核藻类和异养细菌的平均丰度分别为(3.31±1.46)×103 cells/mL和(4.68±4.39)×105 cells/mL,在少数站位检测到较低丰度的聚球藻,平均值...  相似文献   

3.
获取并分析了2017年8月热带西太平洋M4海山水体中的超微型浮游生物样品,根据流式细胞术的散射光和荧光信号,检测到M4海山各水层中普遍存在四个超微型自养浮游生物类群(聚球藻、原绿球藻、微微型真核浮游生物、微型真核浮游生物)和两个超微型异养原核生物类群(低核酸含量和高核酸含量异养原核生物)。聚球藻丰度高值出现在100m以浅;原绿球藻和微微型真核浮游生物丰度高值区在深层叶绿素最大值附近(75—150m);微型真核浮游生物和异养原核生物分布范围较广,150m以浅丰度较高。异养原核生物的生物量(1.68—11.25μgC/L)高于自养浮游生物(0.05—6.02μgC/L)的生物量。在超微型自养浮游生物中,原绿球藻生物量在100—150m水层占优势(53.83%±6.32%),微型真核浮游生物的生物量在75m以浅(58.62%±8.53%)和200—300m水层占优势(46.18%±7.82%)。在异养原核生物中,高核酸含量异养原核生物的生物量所占百分比(61.05%±3.98%)高于低核酸含量异养原核生物(38.95%±3.98%),然而在海山附近DCM层低核酸含量异养原核生物比例最高可达58.64%。冗余分析表明,超微型浮游生物的丰度与温度呈正相关,与深度和营养盐呈负相关关系。在M4海山超微型自养浮游生物分布没有明显的"海山效应",但海山的存在会对异养原核生物两个类群生物量的比例产生影响。  相似文献   

4.
2014年12月和2016年3月分别对热带西太平洋Y3海山(中层海山)和M2海山(浅海山)微食物网主要类群(包括聚球藻、原绿球藻、微微型真核浮游生物、异养细菌和浮游纤毛虫)丰度和生物量垂直分布进行了研究。结果表明,Y3和M2海山水文环境比较相似但略有区别,叶绿素最大值层(DCM)分别在75—100m和110m水层,微食物网各主要类群在垂直尺度上的分布与叶绿素a浓度紧密相关。其中浮游纤毛虫呈现"双峰型"模式,即丰度高值出现在表层和DCM层;原绿球藻和微微型真核浮游生物呈现"单峰型"模式,丰度高值出现在DCM层;聚球藻和异养细菌峰型相对不显著,DCM层以浅丰度较高,DCM层以深丰度明显降低。分析其原因,可能是受到温度、光照和营养盐的共同影响。Y3和M2海山微食物网结构的垂直变化不完全一致。其中,Y3海山30m以浅和150m以深异养细菌生物量占绝对优势,75—100m水层自养型生物(原绿球藻和微微型真核浮游生物)占绝对优势;M2海山75m以浅和200m以深异养细菌占绝对优势,110—150m自养型生物占绝对优势。M2海山自养型生物占优势的水层要明显深于Y3海山,可能与它们的海山类型和采样季节不同有关。  相似文献   

5.
2009年春季(3-4月)在南黄海海域采用选择性代谢抑制剂技术测定了微微型光合浮游生物--聚球藻Synechococcus spp.的生长率和被摄食消亡率,研究了其空间分布格局及其与环境因子的相关性,并根据生长率估算了聚球藻碳生物量、碳生产力及其对微微型光合浮游生物总碳生物量的贡献.结果表明,在真光层内,聚球藻平均生长...  相似文献   

6.
南海北部微微型光合浮游生物的丰度及环境调控   总被引:25,自引:5,他引:20       下载免费PDF全文
1999年夏季首次在南海北部海域进行了微微型光合浮游生物(photosynthetic picoplankton)的观测研究,发现了聚球藻(Synechococcus,Syn)、原绿球藻(Prochlorococcus,Pro)和真核球藻(Eukaryotes,Euk)3类微微型光合浮游生物存在,并对其丰度与分布及其环境调控机制进行了研究.结果表明,研究海区Syn,Pro和Euk丰度的总平均值分别为(5.0±7.6)×104,(4.6±4.2)×104和(1.8±1.1)×103个/cm3,Syn种群丰度的高值大多出现在营养盐丰富的雷州半岛及海南岛东部海域的河口、沿岸带与陆架,北部湾次之,是陆坡和开阔海的数十分之一;其水层分布主要在跃层以上,跃层以下其值迅速降低,发现Pro存在两个不同种群:表层种群和深层种群,前者分布型式与Syn相似,后者的分布型式迥然不同,其丰度向营养盐贫瘠的外海、陆坡和开阔海显著增高;同时发现Pro水层分布的高值主要出现在真光层的底部,并往往出现在硝酸盐跃层之上,Euk在不同海域的分布差异不如Syn和Pro来得大,但仍以沿岸带与陆架为高,陆坡与开阔海较低,水层分布的高值大多出现在真光层的底部,而且它是对次表层叶绿素a极大值的主要贡献者,这些分布型式的差异,取决于环境的调控和3类生物生态生理适应的差异.研究海区Syn,Pro和Euk 3类微微型光合浮游生物对微微型光合浮游生物生态生理适应的差异.研究海区Syn,Pro和Euk3类微微型光合浮游生物对微微型光合浮游生物群落总丰度的贡献分别为50.996,47.3%和1.8%.  相似文献   

7.
2014年夏季南海北部超微型浮游植物分布及环境因子影响   总被引:3,自引:1,他引:2  
魏玉秋  孙军  丁昌玲 《海洋学报》2015,37(12):56-65
利用流式细胞仪BD Accuri C6对2014年夏季南海北部超微型浮游植物进行了现场的观测研究,发现了3类超微型光合自养浮游植物,聚球藻(Synechococcus,Syn)、原绿球藻(Prochlorococcus,Pro)和超微型真核藻类(pico-eukaryotes,Euk),并对其丰度与分布以及环境因子影响进行了研究。结果表明,Syn、Pro和Euk丰度总平均值分别为5.13×103个/mL,3.27×104个/mL和1.85×103个/mL,碳生物量均值分别为1.19μg/L,1.86μg/L和4.51μg/L。Syn、Pro和Euk的丰度表现出不同的分布特征。Syn、Pro和Euk丰度分布趋势呈现近海低而外海高,Syn和Euk丰度高值区分别出现在沿岸带与陆架和上升流影响海域,Pro丰度高值区出现在沿岸带与陆架,低值区出现在上升流影响海域。Syn、Euk丰度高值区主要分布在次表层,Pro丰度高值区主要分布在真光层底部,Euk丰度垂直变化差异相对Syn和Pro较小。超微型浮游植物与环境因子的相关性分析结果表明,Syn、Pro和Euk的碳生物量均与硝酸盐、硅酸盐浓度和深度呈现负相关关系,Pro的碳生物量与磷酸盐浓度呈现正相关关系。  相似文献   

8.
赵苑  赵丽  张武昌  刘诚刚  魏皓  肖天 《海洋与湖沼》2012,43(6):1030-1038
于2007年3—4月在黄海中部海域采用流式细胞术研究了春季水华过程中聚球藻、微微型真核浮游生物和异养细菌的生物量变化。聚球藻和微微真核型浮游生物的生物量与叶绿素a浓度变化基本呈现相反的趋势,在水华前期较高,水华期迅速下降,直至水华后期又有所升高。异养细菌在整个水华过程中变化较小,生物量在水华期最高,与水柱叶绿素a浓度呈极显著正相关(r=0.319,p<0.01)。水华期这三类微微型浮游生物对浮游植物总碳生物量的贡献很低。纤毛虫和鞭毛虫捕食可能是导致聚球藻和微微型真核浮游生物在水华期生物量降低的主要原因。  相似文献   

9.
养殖活动对超微型浮游生物分布影响的研究   总被引:2,自引:1,他引:1       下载免费PDF全文
孙辉  汪岷  汪俭  宋雪  邵红兵  甄毓 《海洋与湖沼》2014,45(6):1272-1279
利用流式细胞仪对河北省扇贝养殖区微微型浮游植物、异养细菌、浮游病毒4季的丰度分布特征进行了研究,分析了三者与环境因子的相关性,并与渤海、北黄海非养殖区的超微型浮游生物丰度的分布特征进行对比。结果显示:在养殖区海域,聚球藻丰度在9.00×102—7.07×105cell/m L之间,峰值出现在秋季,且与其他季节差异显著(P0.01)。微微型真核藻类丰度在5.80×102—3.23×105cell/m L之间,夏季赤潮暴发期间,丰度达到3.23×105cell/m L,显著高于其他季节(P0.01)。异养细菌丰度在3.10×105—3.79×106cell/m L之间,峰值出现在秋季,夏、秋季丰度显著高于春、冬季(P0.01)。浮游病毒丰度在2.50×105—2.17×106cell/m L之间,峰值出现在秋季,但无显著性季节差异(P0.05)。通过主成分分析发现,聚球藻、微微型真核藻类、异养细菌和浮游病毒的丰度在不同季节受到不同环境因子的影响。在春、冬季,温度是主要影响因素;而在夏、秋季,主要受到营养盐的影响。养殖区与非养殖区超微型浮游生物主成分4季均有显著差异,养殖区异养细菌4季均是超微型浮游生物的主成分,而非养殖区超微型浮游生物的主成分4季均是微微型浮游植物,结果表明养殖活动显著影响了养殖区超微型浮游生物的群落结构和功能。  相似文献   

10.
2017年6月和8月,通过对秦皇岛海域的超微型浮游植物进行现场调查和流式细胞仪分析,发现了聚球藻(Synechococcus)和超微型真核藻类(picoeukaryotes)两大类群,其中聚球藻又分为聚球藻Ⅰ和聚球藻Ⅱ两个亚群。调研期间,正处于秦皇岛海域褐潮高发期。通过分析超微型浮游植物细胞丰度、碳生物量及分布特点,研究了秦皇岛海域在褐潮高发期超微型浮游植物分布及相关环境因子影响。结果表明,6月份超微型真核藻、聚球藻Ⅰ和聚球藻Ⅱ平均丰度分别为1.14×104 个/mL、4.02×104 个/mL和1.04×104 个/mL,碳生物量均值分别为27.22 μg/L、8.49 μg/L和2.27 μg/L;在8月份超微型真核藻、聚球藻Ⅰ和聚球藻Ⅱ平均丰度分别为3.27×103 个/mL、5.79×104 个/mL 和2.58×104个/mL,碳生物量均值分别为6.35 μg/L、13.41 μg/L和5.83 μg/L。超微型真核藻、聚球藻Ⅰ和聚球藻Ⅱ在6月份和8月份表现出不同的分布特征。超微型真核藻的细胞丰度从6月到8月明显降低一个数量级,说明8月份过高的水体温度与低浓度的营养物质等因素限制了超微型真核藻中褐潮种的生长。聚球藻Ⅰ和聚球藻Ⅱ细胞丰度在6月份呈现从河口到近岸逐渐升高的分布趋势,而超微型真核藻呈现下降的分布趋势。与6月份聚球藻Ⅰ和聚球藻Ⅱ细胞丰度分布相反,超微型真核藻和聚球藻Ⅰ细胞丰度则在8月份呈现从河口到近岸逐渐降低的分布趋势,而聚球藻Ⅱ细胞丰度的区域分布趋势不明显,主要分布在水体表层。通过对超微型真核藻、聚球藻Ⅰ和聚球藻Ⅱ与环境因子相关性分析表明,6月份硝酸盐与铵盐是聚球藻Ⅰ细胞生长的主要控制因子,而聚球藻Ⅱ与环境因子没有明显的相关性,超微型真核藻的细胞丰度与硅酸盐浓度呈正相关。在8月份,超微型真核藻细胞的生长受到多种环境因子(硝酸盐、亚硝酸盐、硅酸盐、磷酸盐、温度以及光照)的共同作用的影响,聚球藻Ⅰ细胞丰度与硝酸盐呈正相关,温度与光照则是影响聚球藻Ⅱ细胞分布的关键因素。  相似文献   

11.
During Nov. 2006 and Feb. 2007, two investigations were carried out to investigate the abundance, carbon biomass, and distribution of picoplankton (Pico) and its relationship to the hydrological regime in the East China Sea (ECS). Pico consisted of three groups of photosynthetic picoplankton (phPico)—Synechococcus (Syn), Prochlorococcus (Pro) and Picoeukaryotes (PEuk)—and heterotrophic bacteria (HBAC). The average abundance of Pro, PEuk and HBAC was lower in autumn than in winter, but for Syn the opposite trend was observed. Water temperature, salinity, and stability of water column influenced Pico distribution in both seasons. Regression analysis showed distinct positive correlations between HBAC and phPico in both seasons. Syn contributed more to phPico in coastal waters, whereas Pro dominanted in the shelf and slope areas. PEuk was the major contributor to carbon biomass. In the Pico community, HBAC was predominant, both in abundance and in terms of carbon biomass. The phenomenon of subsurface chlorophyll maximum (SCM) was observed ubiquitously in the shelf and slope area, and Pico organisms were the major contributors.  相似文献   

12.
1 Introduction Forthe lastm ore than 20 a,ow ing to the develop-m ent of observation and experim ent technologies form arine m icroorganism s,m arine biologistshave discov-ered m any m icroorganism s w hich are difficult to beobserved by com m on m icroscope before. T hus, thecognition to the m arine phytoplankton com m unitiesand the structure of food chains has achieved im por-tantprogress.E specially,w ith the developm entand ap-plication of epifluorescence m icroscopy and flow cy-tom etry…  相似文献   

13.
During spring and autumn of 2006,the investigations on abundance,carbon biomass and distribution of picoplankton were carried out in the southern Huanghai Sea(Yellow Sea,sHS) . Three groups of picoplankton-Synechococcus(Syn) ,Picoeukaryotes(PEuk) and heterotrophic bacteria(BAC) were identified,but Prochlorococcus(Pro) was undetected. The average abundance of Syn and PEuk was lower in spring(5.0 and 1.3 × 10 3 cells/cm 3,respectively) than in autumn(92.4 and 2.7 × 10 3 cells/cm 3,respectively) ,but it was opposite for BAC(1.3 and 0.7 × 10 6 cells/cm 3 in spring and autumn,respectively) . And the total carbon biomass of picoplankton was higher in spring(37.23 ± 11.67) mg/m 3 than in autumn(21.29 ± 13.75) mg/m 3 . The ratios of the three cell abundance were 5:1:1 341 and 30:1:124 in spring and autumn,respectively. And the ratios of carbon biomass of them were 5:7:362 and 9:4:4 in spring and autumn,respectively. Seasonal distribution characteristics of Syn,PEuk,BAC were quite different from each other. In spring,Syn abundance decreased in turn in the central waters(where phytoplankton bloom in spring occurred) ,the southern waters and inshore waters of the Shandong Peninsula(where even Syn was undetected) ;the high values of PEuk abundance appeared in the central and southern waters and the inshore of the Shandong Peninsula;the abundance of BAC was nearly three order of magnitude higher than that of photosynthetic picoplankton,and high values appeared in the central waters. In autumn,Syn abundance in central waters was higher than that in surrounding waters,while for PEuk abundance,it decreased in turn in the inshore waters of the Shandong Peninsula,the southern waters and the central waters;BAC presented a complicated blocky type distribution. Sub-surface maximum of each group of picopalnkton appeared in both spring and autumn. Compared with the available literatures concerning the studied area,the range of Syn abundance was larger,and the abundance of BAC was higher. In addition,the conversion factors for calculating picoplanktonic carbon biomass were discussed,with the conversion factors which are different from previous studies in the same surveyed waters. The result of regression analysis showed that there was distinct positive correlation between BAC and photosynthetic picoplankton in spring(r=0.61,P 0.001) ,but no correlation was found in autumn.  相似文献   

14.
Dynamics of picoplankton in the Nansha Islands area of the South China Sea   总被引:5,自引:0,他引:5  
Dynamics of major picoplankton groups, Synechococcus (Syn), Prochlorococcus (Pro), picoeukaryotes (Euk) and heterotrophic bacteria (Bact) was investigated by flow cytometry for the first time in the Nansha Islands area in the South China Sea. Averaged over the whole investigation area, depth-weighted integrated cell abundance (DWA) of Syn, Pro, Euk and Bact was 1.6 (0.4-5.7)×103, 5.4 (0.1-7.3)×104, 0.7 (0.2-2.2)×103, and 2.3 (1.4-3.2)×105 cells/mL respectively. Picoautotrophic cell abundance was low in the northwest part of the Nansha Islands where surface water temperature was low and the upper mixed layer was shallow. Concurrently, a surface maximum vertical distribution pattern was observed in this area. While in the southeast and east zones where temperatures were relatively higher and nitraclines were deeper, picoplankton is abundant and a subsurface maximum around 50-75 m is observed. Coupling of horizontal and vertical distribution patterns of picoplankton abundance and hydrological status wa  相似文献   

15.
1981年7月至1982年6月(每月1次)的周年调查结果表明:福建东山湾浮游动物的种类组成较丰富,已鉴定有176种,其中,暖水种占大多数;以暖水种和暖温带种为优势,分别在夏季和冬季形成总生物量高峰;阶段性浮游幼虫,特别是短尾类溞状幼虫等在夏季总生物量高峰中占有重要地位,以及多样性指数和均匀度的季节变化较显著等,显示了亚热带河口-港湾区浮游动物生态的基本特点。此外,东山湾浮游动物总生物量、种类数及多样性指数等的平面分布规律都较明显。  相似文献   

16.
We studied the effect of four types of fronts, the coastal front, the middle front, the shelf partition front and the shelf break front on the quantitative distribution and the composition of plankton communities in the Pribilof area of the eastern Bering Sea shelf in late spring and summer of 1993 and 1994. The coastal fronts near St. Paul and St. George Islands and the coastal domains encircled by the fronts featured specific taxonomic composition of planktonic algae, high abundance and production of phytoplankton, as well as large numbers of heterotrophic nanoplankton. The coastal fronts also were characterized by high values of total mesozooplankton biomass, high concentrations of Calanus marshallae, as well as relatively high abundances of Parasagitta setosa and Euphausiacea compared to surrounding shelf waters. We hypothesize that wind-induced erosion of a weak thermocline in the inner part of the coastal front as well as transfrontal water exchange in subthermocline layers result in nutrient enrichment of the euphotic layer in the coastal fronts and coastal domains in summer time. This leads to prolonged high primary production and high phytoplankton biomass. In this paper a new type of front—the shelf partition front located 45–55 km to the north-east off St. Paul Island—is described, which is assumed to be formed by the flux of oceanic domain waters onto the shelf. This front features a high abundance of phytoplankton and a high level of primary production compared to the adjacent middle shelf. Near the southwestern periphery of the front a mesozooplankton peak occurred, composed of C. marshallae, with biomass in the subthermocline layer, reaching values typical for the shelf break front and the highest for the area. High abundance of phyto- and zooplankton as well as heterotrophic nanoplankton and elevated primary production were most often observed in the area adjacent to the shelf break front at its oceanic side. The phyto- and mesozooplankton peaks here were formed by oceanic community species. The summer levels of phytoplankton numbers, biomass and primary production in the shelf break frontal area were similar to those reported for the outer and middle shelf during the spring bloom and the coastal domains and coastal fronts in summer. In the environment with a narrow shelf to the south of St. George Island, the mesozooplankton peak was observed at the inner side of the shelf break front as close as 20 km from the island shore and was comprised of a “mixed” community of shelf and oceanic species. The biomass in the peak reached the highest values for the Pribilof area at 2.5 g mean wet weight m−3 in the 0–100 m layer. Details of the taxonomic composition and the numbers and production of phytoplankton hint at the similarity of processes that affect the phytoplankton summer community in the coastal domains of the islands, at the coastal fronts, and at the oceanic side of the shelf break front. The middle front was the only one that had no effect on plankton composition or its quantitative characteristics in June and July. Location of a variety of frontal productive areas within 100 km of the Pribilof Islands creates favorable foraging habitat for higher trophic level organisms, including sea birds and marine mammals, populating the islands.  相似文献   

17.
INTRODUCTIONComparedwithotheroceansintheworld ,thereisrelativelyhigherlevelofnutrients (ni trate ,phosphate ,silicate)intheSouthernOcean .Butprimaryproductivitiesarelow ,andnewproductionisalsoonlyinthemiddlelevelthere .Itiscommonlyconsideredthatthelowerpro ductivitiesintheSouthernOceaniscausedbylowtemperature ,lowlight,lowstabilityofwa ter,scarcityoftraceelementsuchasironandgrazingbyzooplankton (Burkilletal.,1 995) ,etc.ThemostexistedstudiesconcentratedontheAtlanticSectoroftheSouthernO…  相似文献   

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