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1.
海黍子提取物对不饱和脂质抗氧化作用 总被引：4，自引：0，他引：4
为了获得天然抗氧化物质,利用自由基引发氧化体系对青岛近海的24种海藻的抗氧化性能进行了筛选,获得了具有较强抗氧化活性的藻种-海黍子(Sagassum
kjellmanianum),并从中分离得到两种混合组分(Fr1、Fr2),进一步研究了它们对鱼油和卵磷脂的抗氧化作用。研究结果表明(1)在37℃恒温自动氧化条件下,两种海黍子提取物(0.25%)在均相和乳化体系中,对鱼油都有较好抗氧化作用,抗氧化效果比维生素E(0.2%)好;(2)乳化和非乳化体系比较,海黍子提取物在乳化体系中对不饱和脂质的抗氧化作用更好;(3)在自由基引发剂引发氧化下,Fr2(0.6%)对卵磷脂抗氧化作用效果比BHT(0.02%)好。 相似文献
2.
两种褐藻乙醇提取物的抗氧化活性研究 总被引：12，自引：2，他引：12
为了获得具有抗氧化活性的天然海洋生物活性物质 ,本文利用褐藻门马尾藻属的两种海藻———鼠尾藻(SargassumthunbeergiiKuntze)和海黍子 (SargassumKjellamanianumYendo)的乙醇提取物 ,通过对DPPH·清除效率来评价其抗氧化活性。结果表明 ,两种褐藻提取物均有很强的抗氧化活性 ,在酚浓度为30mg/L时对DPPH·清除率分别高达95.5 %和92.3 % ,明显高于茶多酚及人工合成抗氧化剂BHT和TBHQ对DPPH·清除效率 (73.0 %以下 ) 相似文献
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对中国南海侧扁软柳珊瑚(Subergorgia suberosa)乙醇提取物及其石油醚相、乙酸乙酯相、正丁醇相进行了抗氧化和抑菌两种生物活性研究。结果表明:中国南海侧扁软柳珊瑚乙醇提取物及其各萃取相对羟自由基的清除效果好,在50mg/L时清除效率均高于同浓度的合成抗氧化剂TBHQ和BHT;石油醚相、乙酸乙酯相对DPPH自由基和超氧阴离子自由基的清除效率优于正丁醇相和乙醇提取物。另外,对5种海洋细菌、4种陆地细菌进行了抑菌活性测定,发现乙醇提取物及其各萃取相对海洋细菌的最低抑菌浓度(MIC)为100g/L左右,对受试陆地细菌未见抑菌作用。 相似文献
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以甲醇对2种短指软珊瑚进行提取,检测提取物对各波段紫外线的吸收效果以表征其防晒活性,以酪氨酸酶抑制实验检测其美白活性,并以DPPH法检测其抗氧化活性,首次探讨了软珊瑚来源物质在化妆品开发中的应用潜力。结果表明,在防晒活性方面,Sinularia compacta和Sinularia wanannensis提取物对紫外线具有较强的吸收特性,随浓度增加其光吸收波段也随之扩大,浓度在5. 0 mg/cm3以上时对280～400 nm波长范围的紫外线均有良好吸收,总体上S. compacta提取物的防晒活性略高于S. wanannensis提取物,两者对紫外线的吸收效果均优于阳性对照熊果苷和二苯甲酮,S. compacta提取物在10. 0 mg/cm3时对紫外线的吸收效果甚至与阳性对照芦丁相当,显示出较高的防紫外效能;在美白活性方面,S. compacta和S. wanannensis提取物均有一定的抑制酪氨酸酶活性作用,S. compacta和S. wanannensis提取物在此活性无显著性差异;在抗氧化活性方面,S. compacta和S. wanannensis提取物均显示出优异的清除自由基能力,且其活性随浓度的升高而升高,在1. 0～5. 0 mg/cm3浓度下S. compacta和S. wanannensis提取物的抗氧化活性与阳性对照Vc相当,在10. 0 mg/cm3时S. wanannensis提取物的抗氧化活性显著高于S. compacta提取物和Vc。研究结果为开发软珊瑚源天然新型化妆品物质奠定了重要基础。 相似文献
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盐度胁迫下盐生隐杆藻抗氧化防御系统的变化 总被引：5，自引：0，他引：5
盐生隐杆藻(Aphanothece halophytica)是在饱和NaCl条件下可以生存的少数几种耐盐蓝藻之一,作者研究了盐胁迫对盐生隐杆藻细胞内丙二醛含量、2种非酶抗氧化剂含量以及4种抗氧化酶活性的影响。与对照组相比,低盐胁迫和高盐胁迫都抑制盐生隐杆藻的生长。随着盐度胁迫程度的增加,丙二醛含量、非酶抗氧化剂含量和抗氧化酶(除了过氧化氢酶)活性不断增强。上述结果表明:盐胁迫下,盐生隐杆藻细胞内非酶抗氧化剂和抗氧化物酶水平的增加可以应对细胞内升高的氧化伤害,抗氧化防御系统可能在盐生隐杆藻对盐胁迫的耐受机制中发挥了重要作用。 相似文献
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对中草药鱼藤、枫桦和石上柏的细胞毒及抗氧化活性进行了初步研究.用人乳腺癌细胞MCF-7、人肺癌细胞A549 和大鼠嗜铬瘤细胞PC12检测了鱼藤、枫桦和石上柏提取物的抗细胞毒作用;并用1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl(DPPH)检测了提取物的抗氧化活性.结果发现,鱼藤、枫桦和石上柏的甲醇提取物均有细胞毒活性,其中鱼藤甲醇提取物具有很强的细胞毒活性;枫桦甲醇提取物有较强的清除自由基和抗氧化活性.鱼藤植物值得进行抗肿瘤药物应用研究. 相似文献
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贻贝提取物对荷瘤鼠抗氧化功能的影响研究 总被引：4，自引：0，他引：4
贻贝提取物是以贻贝为原料经提取分离、纯化、浓缩干燥后得到的富硒提取物。有关贻贝富硒提取物的研究国内外尚未见报道。经作者初步研究发现,贻贝提取物能很好地被机体吸收利用,大大提高机体硒水平和抗氧化酶活性［１］。本研究通过对荷瘤鼠以每天一定剂量的贻贝提取物灌胃,观察贻贝提取物对正常荷瘤小鼠组织抗氧化物酶活性及脂质过氧化物含量的影响,以期探讨其抗氧化与抗肿瘤之间的关系。１ 材料与方法１．１主要材料与试剂１．１．１ 贻贝提取物（ＭＥ）鲜贻贝用匀浆机匀浆,然后经提取、酶解、过滤、沉淀、透析、纯化、浓缩、干燥… 相似文献
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培养海洋微藻Isochrysis galbana生产EPA和DHA 总被引：8，自引：0，他引：8
某些海洋鱼油是ＥＰＡ（廿碳五烯酸）和ＤＨＡ（廿 二碳六烯酸）等ω－３多不饱和脂肪酸（ω－３ＰＵＦＡ）的主要来源。由于鱼油资源有限,且鱼油中ω－３ＰＵＦＡ的构成和含量随鱼的种类、季节、地理位置等不同而变化,利用海洋鱼油来生产ω－３ＰＵＦＡ受到了很大的限制。另外,利用鱼油生产的ＥＰＡ和ＤＨＡ产品带有无法去除的鱼腥味,大大影响了产品的质量。随着人类对自身健康要求的提高,人们对这两种具有良好生理效果的脂肪酸的需求越来越多,仅仅依靠原有的鱼油资源已无法满足日益扩大的市场需求,开发ＥＰＡ和ＤＨＡ新生物资源已… 相似文献
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Arne Schnack-Friedrichsen Angela M. Davis Jim D. Bennell Dei G. Huws 《Marine Georesources & Geotechnology》2001,19(4):221-243
The interdependence between the seismo-acoustic properties of a marine sediment and its geotechnical/physical parameters has been known for many years, and it has been postulated that this should allow the extraction of geotechnical information from seismic data. Though in the literature many correlations have been published for the surficial layer, there is a lack of information for greater sediment depths. In this article, a desktop study on a synthetic seafloor model illustrates how the application of published near-surface prediction equations to subsurface sediments (up to several tens of meters burial depth) can lead to spurious predictions. To test this further, acoustic and geotechnical properties were measured on a number of sediment core samples, some of which were subjected to loading in acoustically-equipped consolidation cells (oedometers) to simulate greater burial depth conditions. For low effective pressures (representing small burial depths extending to around 10 meters subsurface), the general applicability of established relationships was confirmed: the prediction of porosity, bulk density, and mean grain size from acoustic velocity and impedance appears generally possible for the investigated sedimentary environments. As effective pressure increases through, the observed relationships deviate more and more from the established ones for the near-surface area. For the samples tested in this study, in some instances increasing pressure even resulted in decreasing velocities. There are several possible explanations for this abnormal behavior, including the presence of gas, overconsolidation, or bimodal grain size distribution. The results indicate that an appropriate depth correction must be introduced into the published prediction equations in order to obtain reliable estimates of physical sediment properties for greater subsurface depths. 相似文献
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Shigehisa Nakamura 《Marine Geodesy》2000,23(1):55-61
Specific properties of the interannual sea level variations and annual tides in the Northwestern Pacific were studied. Several tide stations were monitored. The monthly mean sea level for the year of 1995 was analyzed at each tide station. A seismic event in 1995, some tectonic activity around the subject area, and the Kuroshio (the oceanic western boundary current) may possibly contaminate results which would have occurred from the astronomical annual tide alone. 相似文献
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The effect of different fixation and storage protocols on the flow cytometric (FCM) simultaneous analysis of bacterioplankton and phytoplankton in coastal seawater samples (Mediterranean coastal lagoons) was investigated. FCM measurements (cell number, fluorescence and scatter characteristics) were obtained through DAPI staining. Three fixatives [glutaraldehyde (GA), formaldehyde (FA) and paraformaldehyde (PFA)] and two storage (3 months duration) methods (5 °C and −196 °C) were tested. Two dominant populations were detected in studied samples: bacteria and eukaryotic picophytoplankton. Adding fixatives (2% final concentration) appears necessary to obtain FCM exhaustive counts of all the bacteria and phytoplanktonic cells. This was related to the permeation effect of fixatives which allowed a better DAPI staining of the cells. Maximum fluorescence, i.e. optimal staining of the cells was obtained with FA or PFA, and significant lower fluorescences with GA. Fixed samples stored at 5 °C induced rapid cell loss. Only storage in liquid nitrogen of samples fixed with FA or PFA, allows mid-term (≥4 months) preservation of bacteria or picophytoplankton cell numbers, and limited evolution of DAPI-induced fluorescence and scatter characteristics. 相似文献
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《海洋学报(英文版)》2014,(9):F0003-F0003
<正>Acta Oceanologica Sinica(AOS)is a comprehensive academic journal edited by the Editorial Committee of Acta Oceanologica Sinica and is designed to provide a forum for important research papers of the marine scientific community which reflect the information on a worldwide basis.The journal publishes scholarly papers on marine science and technology,including physics,chemistry,biology, 相似文献
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The relationship between the flux of exotic benthic foraminiferal tests (i.e. tests which are supplied from open-sea sources alone) in a tidal inlet and that of bulk sediment was analysed, which can be expressed as two first-order linear equations. According to this relationship, in order to determine net sediment transport directions in the entrance, the test concentration in surficial sediments of the tidal basin can be compared against a ‘ critical level ’. The critical level is determined for the conditions that no net transport of bulk sediment is present within the entrance. If the observed concentration (averaged over the tidal basin) is higher than the simulated critical level, then the net sediment transport is directed to landward. This method is applied to the analysis of net sand transport at Christchurch Harbour, a tidal inlet system located in southern England. In this investigation, concentrations of exotic foraminiferal tests in the surficial sediments of the tidal basin and ebb tidal delta area were obtained from the analysis of sea-bed sediment samples. A series of probable critical levels were calculated based upon the data sets with regard to: (1) sediment discharge from the rivers; (2) magnitude of sediment discharge within the entrance during the ebb; (3) the test concentration outside the harbour; (4) the thickness of the moving layer; and (5) two parameters associated with dispersive processes. The results show that the concentration in the tidal basin sediment is higher than a number of simulated critical concentrations for representative cases. Consequently, the high level of the concentration of exotic benthic foraminiferal tests within the harbour should be explained as a result of landward net transport of sands within the entrance. 相似文献
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Coastal inundation associated with extreme sea levels is the main factor which leads to the loss of life and property whenever a severe tropical cyclonic storm hits the Indian coasts. The Andhra and Orissa coasts are most vulnerable for coastal inundation due to extreme rise in sea levels associated with tropical cyclones. Loss of life may be minimized if extreme sea levels and associated coastal flooding is predicted well in advance. Keeping this in view, location specific coastal inundation models are developed and applied for the Andhra and Orissa coasts of India. Several numerical experiments are carried out using the data of past severe cyclones that struck these regions. The simulated inland inundation distances are found to be in general agreement with the reported flooding. 相似文献
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Rahul Sharma 《Marine Georesources & Geotechnology》2000,18(3):237-250
Observations on seafloor features from subbottom profiling and seabed photography data show that the undisturbed and natural conditions before the benthic disturbance undergo a substantial change after operation of the disturber. The effects can be seen in the form of deep trenches and grooves, formed by the action of the sleds and the pumping of the sediment along its path, as well as sediment piles on either side of the track. Biological traces such as fecal coils, casts, tubes, burrows, and trails get obliterated in the areas of disturbance and resedimentation. The smooth, uniform nature of the seafloor observed in predisturbance phase shows microtopographic changes in and around the disturbed area as a result of sediment excavation and resettlement. Vertical mixing as well as lateral transport of sediment alter the geological, biological, physical, and chemical conditions on the seafloor, which need to be monitored over time to assess the process and the time taken for restoration of environmental conditions. 相似文献
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Vance P. Vicente 《Marine Ecology》1989,10(2):179-191
Abstract. Long-term changes in the distributional patterns of commercial sponges ( Spongia spp. and Hippospongia spp.) within the West Indian Region indicates that: 1) commercial sponges had a widespread distribution throughout the whole West Indian Region and were ubiquitous in very shallow water until about the first half of the present century; 2) they were fished commercially not only in the traditional northern Caribbean sites (Florida, Gulf of Mexico, Bahamas) but also in the Greater ( e. g. , Hispaniola, Jamaica) and Lesser Antilles; and 3) they became extinct throughout most of the Lesser Antilles ( e. g. , Puerto Rico, Vieques, St. Thomas) sometime during the first half of this century. Mortalities of spongiids within the Antilles were found to differ from other marine mortalities in that: 1) species disappeared from a large region; 2) species vanished from different habitats and depths; and 3) natural populations never recovered. Species richness patterns suggest that commercial sponge genera ( Spongia and Hippospongia ) evolved under slightly cooler elimatic conditions than those found at present, and that these extinctions occurred as a direct or indirect effect of positive thermal anomalies in sea surface and atmospheric temperatures between 1900–1950. The concept that species diversity is stable on a regional scale is questioned. 相似文献