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1.
对冲绳海槽及邻区的ΔT磁异常特征进行了定性分析和变纬度化极处理,通过对比ΔT磁异常和化极磁异常分布特征,对冲绳海槽及邻区几个构造地质学问题进行了探讨。冲绳海槽基底埋深较大,沉积中心位于海槽西部;钓鱼岛隆褶带大规模基底隆起的南端终止于渔山-久米断裂带,断裂带以南的东海陆架南部边缘覆盖了厚层沉积物;以渔山-久米断裂带、舟山-国头断裂带和吐噶喇断裂带为代表的NW-NWW向右旋平移断裂带在东海构造演化过程中自西向东逐渐前展,对构造应力场起到了重要的调节作用,是东海"南北分块"构造格局中主要的构造单元边界;中新世以来台湾碰撞造山作用引起了东海陆架南部主要构造单元的顺时针旋转;菲律宾海板块的俯冲对琉球弧前地区的磁异常分布产生了显著影响。 相似文献
2.
冲绳海槽及邻区是强烈的构造活动区,断裂和岩浆岩分布广泛。以1∶100万重磁数据为基础,计算了空间重力异常、布格重力异常和ΔT磁异常的垂向和水平方向一阶和二阶导数,通过对比计算结果,对冲绳海槽及邻区断裂和岩浆岩分布特征进行了研究。结果表明,冲绳海槽发育平行和垂直于海槽走向的两组断裂带,其中垂直于海槽走向的NW、NWW向断裂带为走滑断裂,在东海构造演化过程中长期发育并逐渐向东前展,受不同时期构造应力场变化的影响,走向自西向东发生变化,整体呈现NE向凸出的弧形;岩浆岩呈带状分布,海槽东侧自北向南纵贯海槽的岩浆岩带与琉球火山前锋相对应;与钓鱼岛隆褶带相对应的宽阔岩浆岩带南端终止于27°N的NW向断裂带附近;海槽南段轴部岩浆岩带与海槽现今的扩张活动有关,而陆架边缘和陆坡上部的台北-钓鱼岛火山岩带的构造属性不同于北部的钓鱼岛隆褶带。 相似文献
3.
《海洋地质与第四纪地质》2016,(1)
冲绳海槽及邻区是强烈的构造活动区,断裂和岩浆岩分布广泛。以1∶100万重磁数据为基础,计算了空间重力异常、布格重力异常和ΔT磁异常的垂向和水平方向一阶和二阶导数,通过对比计算结果,对冲绳海槽及邻区断裂和岩浆岩分布特征进行了研究。结果表明,冲绳海槽发育平行和垂直于海槽走向的两组断裂带,其中垂直于海槽走向的NW、NWW向断裂带为走滑断裂,在东海构造演化过程中长期发育并逐渐向东前展,受不同时期构造应力场变化的影响,走向自西向东发生变化,整体呈现NE向凸出的弧形;岩浆岩呈带状分布,海槽东侧自北向南纵贯海槽的岩浆岩带与琉球火山前锋相对应;与钓鱼岛隆褶带相对应的宽阔岩浆岩带南端终止于27°N的NW向断裂带附近;海槽南段轴部岩浆岩带与海槽现今的扩张活动有关,而陆架边缘和陆坡上部的台北-钓鱼岛火山岩带的构造属性不同于北部的钓鱼岛隆褶带。 相似文献
4.
南冲绳海槽及其邻域的磁性基底与地壳结构 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
研究区域的基底断裂构造十分发育。EW、NEE和NE向基底大断裂宏观上构成和控制区域地质构造的基本格架;NS、NNW和NW向断裂多为张扭性平移断层,它们对基本格架起强烈的分割破坏和错断作用,形成和控制次一级区域差异性的构造运动和岩浆活动特征。东海陆架边缘隆起带磁性基底埋深一般为3～4km.基底由前中新世变质岩系及不同时期形成的火成岩类组成。地壳厚度为24-28km,为大陆地壳。南冲绳海槽盆地磁性基底埋深一般为5～7km,可划分出4个次一级盆地。基底极可能由前中新世以来海槽张裂运动所形成的玄武岩层或部分变质岩系组成,靠近陆坡坡脚处可能包括前第三纪的老地层。地壳厚度为15～20km,地壳为亚大洋型。 相似文献
5.
冲绳海槽北段地磁场特征及其地质解释 总被引：4，自引：0，他引：4
根据磁异常的分布特征,冲绳海槽北段可以分成三个异常区：东海陆架边缘异常区、东海陆坡异常区和冲绳海槽北段异常区。在东海陆架边缘区,磁异常以正为主,最大可达＋ ３５０ｎＴ,该区所对应的磁性基底埋深较浅,一般在２～３ｋｍ 。在东海陆坡异常区,除了有ＮＮＥ向展布的负异常外,在此背景上还发育了一些沿ＮＷＷ 向展布的次级异常,推测本异常区的磁异常与ＮＷ 向的基底断裂有关。冲绳海槽北段异常区所在宽缓负异常的大背景下又有几处正异常条带分布,则是在吐噶喇断裂带控制作用下所产生的磁性较强而又不均匀的火成岩体的反应 相似文献
6.
东海陆架外缘隆褶带是菲律宾海板块俯冲带陆侧弧后裂陷盆地(陆架盆地与冲绳海槽)之间的水下残留火山弧.其地球物理特征、地层组成、岩浆活动及地质构造等均具有“东西分带、南北分块”之特征.本隆褶带的形成始于第三纪初,当时为陆缘弧;中新世末以后,由于琉球弧后冲绳海槽的张裂作用,遂成为古琉球弧的残留弧.其形成机理受东海构造格局控制,与菲律宾海板块的俯冲作用及俯冲带的东向迁移有关,东海隆褶带的形成和构造演化大致经历了四个阶段:(1)断隆火山弧(E1+2)、(2)褶隆火山弧(E3)、(3)褶隆残留弧(N1)和(4)消亡残留弧(N2～Q).最后一个阶段隆褶带与陆架盆地整体沉降,接受了厚约1500m的上新世-第四纪浅海相沉积. 相似文献
7.
东海盆地的形成与中国大陆构造密切相关。本文扼要讨论了东海地质演化过程,并着重分析了东海西部陆架拗陷与东部拗陷(冲绳海槽张裂带)的地质构造演化在空间上的差异性,其结果表明东海是西北太平洋沟—弧—盆系构造带中一个年轻的边缘海。作者认为,第三纪中新世中—后期是一个有利的成油时期。并指出侏罗纪时东海中部隆起,而西部可能为浅海或海陆交互相的沉积盆地,也是一个值得注意的成油环境。 相似文献
8.
冲绳海槽现代张裂的地球物理特征 总被引：3，自引：0，他引：3
杨文达 《海洋地质与第四纪地质》2004,24(3):77-82
位于东海陆架与琉球岛弧之间的冲绳海槽为板块俯冲作用形成的弧后断陷盆地，具有独特的构造地貌特征。自中新世末以来历经了4个强烈拉张的演化时期，目前已达到张裂的高级阶段。地球物理资料显示，海槽中的现代拉张作用仍在进行，表现在海槽轴部快速沉降形成地堑槽，对称分布的张性断裂，晚更新世—全新世以来的岩浆活动，从老至新排列的磁异常务带以及高地热流、频繁的地震活动等，充分体现了冲绳海槽的现代扩张特点。 相似文献
9.
冲绳海槽的形成与发展 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
冲绳海槽是位于东海大陆架外缘、东海陆架边缘隆褶带与琉球岛弧之间的一个狭长带状弧间盆地.关于它的成因,已有古琉球弧直接张裂和断裂下陷两种观点,而笔者认为,它是由于菲律宾海板块从早中新世末以来,向欧亚大陆板块下俯冲所形成的沟-弧-盆系列的一个组成部分,在其生成和发展过程中,先后经历了拗陷、断陷和扩张三个阶段.然而,扩张刚刚开始.今后它将进一步裂开,琉球弧将更加向菲律宾海方向推进.因受调查程度的限制,本文将以冲绳海槽北半部的资料为主要依据. 相似文献
10.
冲绳海槽中南部不同环境表层沉积物质来源 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
对冲绳海槽中南部3种不同沉积环境(东海外陆架、东海陆坡和冲绳海槽)表层沉积物进行了稀土等元素地球化学分析,结果显示,冲绳海槽和陆坡表层沉积物具有与台湾物质来源类似的稀土元素配分模式,La/Sm-Gd/Yb散点图也显示海槽和陆坡沉积物主要分布在台湾物源端元区,表明冲绳海槽中南部海槽和陆坡表层沉积物主要来源于台湾,而外陆架沉积物明显的重稀土亏损与大陆河流(特别是长江、黄河)沉积物来源较为一致。为进一步判断外陆架表层沉积物来源,对外陆架沉积物重矿物进行分析鉴定,结果显示,外陆架沉积物重矿物以普通角闪石-绿帘石-石榴石-赤褐铁矿为组合特征,与长江沉积物重矿物组成特征类似,其明显缺乏台湾河流来源的典型重矿物锆石、黄河来源典型重矿物云母、浙闽沿岸来源典型重矿物磁铁矿,说明台湾、黄河和浙闽沿岸并非研究区外陆架表层沉积物主要物源。根据以往测年等研究成果,研究区外陆架沉积物年代较老,应为古长江物质经东海现代环流体系不断改造而成。 相似文献
11.
南冲绳海槽岩石圈构造动力作用机制探讨 总被引：8，自引：1，他引：8
由最新获得的重磁、地震和多波束地形数据 ,结合多尺度的地幔流动力分析 ,展示了南冲绳海槽岩石圈构造动力的多样性特征和其内在的联系。从上新世开始的三幕张性断陷活动是在以前的压性断裂构造的基础上发展起来的 ,向岛弧侧迁移 ,岩浆、火山活动主要集中在正断层与平移断层的交汇处。深部动力源可归结为上地幔对流产生的菲律宾海板块俯冲 ,引起岛弧岩石圈挤压褶皱而向海沟旋张掀斜 ,产生弧后岩石圈的张性构造 ;进一步引起弧后软流圈挤压隆起 ,岩石圈与软流圈耦合作用导致海槽断陷张裂、岩浆活动。冲绳海槽仍是一个软流圈在汇聚的弧后盆地。全球性左旋压扭滑移背景 ,琉球海沟南段俯冲受阻小、强度大 ,台湾—吕宋的北向挤压 ,使海槽表现为剪张性 ,由平移断层调控使张性断裂左旋雁行排列 ,整个海槽张性构造由北往南推进 ,张应力方向由NW过渡到NNW。 相似文献
12.
冲绳海槽西部陆坡地震相模式与沉积体系 总被引：5，自引：3，他引：5
对冲绳海槽西部陆坡上两个航次(95航次和99航次)共计2000多公里的单道地震资料进行分析和解译，对斜坡沉积环境下沉积体系发育、分布特征进行了研究。结果表明：a)冲绳海槽西部斜坡环境下，上新世以来的沉积层均不同程度的变形和错动；b)存在两种斜坡相地震反射模式——退覆模式和叠覆模式，这两种模式都反映了冲绳海槽西部陆坡得到充足的沉积物供给；c)斜坡环境下主要发育陆架边缘三角洲、重力流沉积和水道充填等沉积体系；d)沉积层发育特征表明，冲绳海槽西部陆坡具有北段坡度缓、沉积物供应丰富、构造相对不活跃，中段坡度陡、沉积物供应充足、构造活动强烈，南段坡度陡、沉积供应相对较少、构造和火山活动十分强烈3种主要沉积环境。西部陆坡的沉积特征也揭示了东海陆架向陆坡提供了大量碎屑沉积物质。 相似文献
13.
由于钓鱼岛隆起的地质与地球物理资料相对缺乏,前人对该区域系统研究较少,关于其构造演化存在许多争议。本文通过重磁资料,结合反射地震剖面解释研究了西湖凹陷东侧的中段钓鱼岛隆起的构造与沉积特征,并进一步完善了其演化模式。研究结果表明,隆起内部存在多个残余凹陷,残留地层具有“北多南少”的分布特征,据此以舟山-国头断裂为界,可以将中段钓鱼岛隆起进一步分为南、北两个亚段。南、北亚段边界处在舟山-国头断裂的延长线上。同时,隆起西部的岩浆岩体分布于平坦剥蚀面T20之下,而东部存在岩浆活动引起的“基底尖峰”,空间重力异常的梯度带恰好与“基底尖峰”的西缘对应,以“基底尖峰”的西缘为界,将中段钓鱼岛隆起大致分成东、西两区,其中西区又可以进一步分为发育岩浆岩体的西Ⅰ区和局部残留凹陷的西Ⅱ区。西区由西湖凹陷经构造反转与岩浆活动改造而成,东区保留了古隆起。综合分析推断,中段钓鱼岛隆起是在古隆起的基础上经历多次构造与岩浆活动演化而成。 相似文献
14.
Petrologic perspectives on tectonic evolution of a nascent basin (Okinawa Trough) behind Ryukyu Arc：A review 总被引：9，自引：2，他引：7
Okinawa Trough is a back-arc, initial marginal sea basin, located behind the Ryukyu Arc–Trench System. The formation and evolution of the Okinawa Trough is intimately related to the subduction process of the Philippine Sea Plate beneath the Eurasian Plate since the late Miocene. The tectonic evolution of the trough is similar to other active back-arcs, such as the Mariana Trough and southern Lau Basin, all of which are experiencing the initial rifting and subsequent spreading process. This study reviews all petrologic and geochemical data of mafic volcanic lavas from the Okinawa Trough, Ryukyu Arc, and Philippine Sea Plate, combined with geophysical data to indicate the relationship between the subduction sources(input) and arc or back-arc magmas(output) in the Philippine Sea Plate–Ryukyu Arc–Okinawa Trough system(PROS). The results obtained showed that several components were variably involved in the petrogenesis of the Okinawa Trough lavas: sub-continental lithospheric mantle underlying the Eurasian Plate, Indian mid-oceanic ridge basalt(MORB)-type mantle, and Pacific MORB-type mantle. The addition of shallow aqueous fluids and deep hydrous melts from subducted components with the characteristics of Indian MORB-type mantle into the mantle source of lavas variably modifies the primitive mantle wedge beneath the Ryukyu and subcontinental lithospheric mantle(SCLM) beneath the Okinawa Trough. In the northeastern end of the trough and arc, instead of Indian MORB-type mantle, Pacific MORB-type mantle dominates the magma source. Along the strike of the Ryukyu Arc and Okinawa Trough, the systematic variations in trace element ratios and isotopic compositions reflect the first-order effect of variable subduction input on the magma source. In general, petrologic data, combined with geophysical data, imply that the Okinawa Trough is experiencing the "seafloor spreading" process in the southwest segment, "rift propagation" process in the middle segment, and "crustal extension" process in the northeast segment, and a nascent ocean basin occurs in the southwest segment. 相似文献
15.
A high resolution seismic survey was carried out on the continental slope of Israel, NW of Caesarea. The area was studied in order to map the tectonic elements of the Dor structure, and to extrapolate and suggest a structural model of the tectonics of the continental slope of the SE Mediterranean since the Late Miocene. It was found that the continental slope was affected by two faulting systems—NW trending strike-slip faults and NNE trending normal faults. Faults of both systems are associated with numerous slumps along the slope. However, the NW trending faults belong to a faulting system of similar trend that abounds in the adjacent continent and extends northwestwards across the continental shelf and slope to the continental rise. The NNE trending faults form the shelf-edge faulting system that was associated with the subsidence of the eastern Mediterranean basin since the Pliocene. Thus the continental slope is not only a morphological transition zone but also a tectonic one, showing the influence of both the continental and the oceanic structural regimes in the SE Mediterranean region. 相似文献
16.
Back-arc rifting in the Okinawa Trough 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
Masaaki Kimura 《Marine and Petroleum Geology》1985,2(3):222-240
Geological and geophysical data reveal that the Okinawa Trough shows incipient continental rifting, and crustal separation started from about 2 Ma. The early extensional movements in the trough are probably of Miocene age. In addition to the Miocene phase, two main periods of extension are recognized: a Pleistocene phase between 1.9 and 0.5 Ma and the present day phase. During the stage short central rifts (Central Grabens) were formed. The opening however, may have occurred only in the southern part of the trough basin having an average half spreading rate of 2 cm yr?1 since Early Pleistocene time, producing its present width of several tens of kilometres. These activities were well represented by igneous intrusions, sedimentary facies and sedimentary structures in and around the Okinawa Trough. The width of the zone affected by back-arc extension (defined as Greater Okinawa Trough) is larger than the present Okinawa Trough, whose width is 200–250 km. The present form of the Greater Okinawa Trough started to form at the same time as that of the Okinawa Trough. 相似文献
17.
南冲绳海槽及其邻域的基底断裂构造 总被引：1，自引：1，他引：0
EW、NEE和NE向基底断裂沿主构造线方向展布,多属张性断裂.基底大断裂宏观上形成和控制了各主构造带的基本构造格架和各具特色的地质构造发育.它们的形成与弧后地慢流上涌和岛弧的旋张掀斜运动而出现的海槽张裂运动密切相关.NW、NNW和NW向基底断裂多属张扭性平移断层.它们对主构造带分割断错,形成和控制了次一级构造区块各具特色的地球物理和地质构造特征.宫古断裂带长期活动,作用十分强烈.它们的形成是由于受来自菲律宾海方向的水平应力作用,地壳作破坏性应力调整的结果. 相似文献
18.
Bo Liu Sanzhong Li Suhua Jiang Yanhui Suo Lingli Guo Yongming Wang Huixuan Zhang 《Marine Geophysical Researches》2017,38(1-2):137-147
Transform faults in back-arc basins are the key to revealing the opening and development of marginal seas. The Okinawa Trough (OT) represents an incipient and active back-arc or marginal sea basin oriented in a general NE-SW direction. To determine the strikes and spatial distribution of transform faults in the OT, this paper dissects the NW- and NNE-SN-trending fault patterns on the basis of seismic profiles, gravity anomalies and region geological data. There are three main NW-trending transpressional faults in the OT, which are the seaward propagation of NW-trending faults in the East China Continent. The NNE-SN-trending faults with right-stepping distribution behave as right-lateral shearing. The strike-slip pull-apart process or transtensional faulting triggered the back-arc rifting or extension, and these faults evolved into transform faults with the emergence of oceanic crust. Thus, the transform fault patterns are inherited from pre-existing oblique transtensional faults at the offsets between rifting segments. Therefore, the OT performs the oblique spreading mechanism similar to nascent oceans such as the Red Sea and Gulf of Aden. 相似文献
19.
The evolution of the North Aegean Sea is studied through the development of three deep basins: the North Aegean Trough, the North Skyros Basin and the Ikaria Basin. Bathymetric data, a 2D seismic dataset and the well-investigated stratigraphic records of the onshore deep basins of northern Greece and Western Turkey were used to make structural and seismic stratigraphic interpretations. The study area shows two sharp unconformities that correspond to the Eocene-Oligocene transition and the Miocene-Pliocene shift. These discontinuities were used as marker horizons for a more detailed structural and seismic stratigraphic interpretation resulting in the identification of several seismic units. A general seismic signature chart was established using onshore basin stratigraphy and well data, which was then used to constrain the ages of the different seismic units. The main features observed in the basins are interpreted as: 1) trans-tensional growth patterns in Pliocene and Quaternary sediments that combine NE–SW trending and steeply dipping fault zones that likely correspond to strike-slip corridors and E-W/WNW-ESE trending normal faults, 2) regional erosional truncations of Miocene sediments, likely related to the Messinian Salinity Crisis (MSC), 3) thick delta-turbidite deposits of Neogene age. Only the North Aegean Trough shows evidence of earlier development and polyphase deformation through inversion structures, and additional seismic units. Extension processes in the Aegean region have been driven by the Hellenic slab rollback since the middle Eocene. The widespread development of Neogene basins at the whole Aegean scale attests to a major tectonic change due to an acceleration of the trench retreat in the middle Miocene. The present study shows that the Neogene basins of the North Aegean Sea developed in dextral transtension with the northward migration of the associated NE-SW trending strike-slip faults. At regional scale, this tectonic pattern indicates that the westward escape of Anatolia started to interact with the trench retreat in the middle Miocene, around 10 Myr before the arrival of the North Anatolian Fault in the North Aegean Sea. 相似文献