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1.
目的：观察藿胆鼻渊丸对急性鼻窦炎大鼠炎症的影响及其分子机制。方法：将36只SD大鼠按随机数字表法分为正常组,模型组,阳性药物组,藿胆鼻渊丸低、中、高剂量组,每组各6只。采用鼻腔填塞联合鼻腔滴注脂多糖（LPS）法建立急性鼻窦炎大鼠模型。造模完成后,阳性药物组以阿莫西林克拉维酸钾（4∶1）干混悬剂灌胃（98.4375 g/kg）,低、中、高剂量组予藿胆鼻渊丸灌胃（1.26 g/kg、2.52 g/kg、5.04 g/kg）,正常组和模型组予0.9%氯化钠注射液灌胃,每只SD大鼠灌胃总体积为3 ml/次,2次/d,连续干预21 d。采用苏木精-伊红染色法（HE）观察大鼠鼻窦黏膜炎症变化;酶联免疫吸附法（ELISA）测定大鼠血清中白细胞介素-1β（IL-1β）、白细胞介素-6（IL-6）和肿瘤坏死因子-α（TNF-α）含量;免疫组化（IHC）和蛋白质印迹法（WB）检测IL-1β、IL-6和TNF-α蛋白表达情况;WB检测HMGB1、TOLL样受体4重组蛋白（TLR4）、核转录因子-κB p65（NF-κB p65）和磷酸化NF-κB p65（p-NF-κB p65）蛋白表达情况。结果：与正常组比较,模型组鼻窦黏膜组织中炎症细胞浸润明显,阳性药物组和藿胆鼻渊丸不同剂量组炎症细胞聚集减少。与正常组比较,模型组血清中IL-1β、IL-6、TNF-α含量及IL-1β、IL-6、TNF-α蛋白表达均明显升高（P<0.05）,鼻窦黏膜组织中的HMGB1、TLR4、NF-κB p65和p-NF-κB p65蛋白表达均明显升高（P<0.05）。与模型组比较,阳性药物组、藿胆鼻渊丸不同剂量组血清中IL-1β、IL-6、TNF-α含量及IL-1β、IL-6、TNF-α蛋白表达均明显降低（P<0.05）,鼻窦黏膜组织中的HMGB1、TLR4、NF-κB p65和p-NF-κB p65蛋白表达均下降（P<0.05）。与阳性药物组比较,高剂量组IL-1β、IL-6、TNF-α含量及IL-1β、IL-6、TNF-α蛋白表达均明显降低（P<0.05）,HMGB1、TLR4、NF-κB p65和p-NF-κB p65蛋白表达下降（P<0.05）。结论：藿胆鼻渊丸可以有效抑制急性鼻窦炎大鼠炎症反应,其机制可能是通过下调HMGB1分子,抑制TLR4/NF-κB信号通路,减少IL-1β、IL-6和TNF-α释放,从而达到抑制炎症的作用。 相似文献
2.
目的：通过观察益气活血化痰法对动脉粥样硬化（AS）模型大鼠核因子κB（NF-κB）信号通路表达的影响，阐明护心康片抗动脉粥样硬化的部分作用机制。方法：采用注射大剂量维生素D3注射液及喂养高脂饲料法制备大鼠动脉粥样硬化模型，随机分为护心康片高、中、低（1.64g/kg、0.82g/kg、0.41g/kg）剂量组，阳性对照组（阿托伐他汀钙片，2mg/kg），模型组（蒸馏水，10ml/kg）和空白组。治疗12周后处死，采用双抗体夹心酶联免疫分析法（ELISA）检测血清炎症因子白介素-1β（IL-1β）、白介素-6（IL-6）、肿瘤坏死因子（TNF-α）的表达水平；取动脉组织采用蛋白免疫印记法（Western blotting）检测NF-κB信号通路的蛋白表达量，用图像分析系统分析其灰度值，以目的蛋白与β-acting内参蛋白的比值来表示组织蛋白中NF-κB的表达量。结果：与模型组比较，护心康片中、高剂量组及阳性对照组的血清内炎症因子IL-1β、IL-6、TNF-α水平与NF-κB信号通路蛋白的表达水平均显著降低（P<0.01）。结论：益气活血化痰法通过下调NF-κB信号通路蛋白的表达水平，阻断该信号通路的活化，从而抑制模型大鼠炎症因子IL-1β、IL-6、TNF-α的释放，达到抗动脉粥样硬化的作用。 相似文献
3.
目的：观察艾灸对实验性类风湿性关节炎（RA）家兔炎症因子白细胞介素-10（IL-10）、白细胞介素-17（IL-17）和滑膜液中骨桥蛋白（OPN）、血管内皮细胞生长因子（VEGF）表达的影响,进一步探索艾灸治疗RA的效应机制。方法：选用CL级日本大耳白兔30只,随机分为空白组、RA模型组、治疗组,每组各10只。采用弗氏完全佐剂（FCA）法建立RA模型。造模后第7天,治疗组采用艾灸（悬灸）肾俞、足三里,每穴各灸5壮,每天1次,以6 d为1个疗程,共干预3个疗程;空白组、RA模型组不做任何干预。检测各组外周血IL-10、IL-17和滑膜液OPN、VEGF的含量,观察滑膜组织中OPN的表达。结果：RA模型组、治疗组IL-17、OPN及VEGF含量均较空白组明显升高（P<0.01）,IL-10明显降低（P<0.01）,治疗组各指标水平均优于RA模型组（P<0.01）。与空白组相比,RA模型组、治疗组滑膜组织OPN阳性表达增加（P<0.01）,治疗组OPN表达低于RA模型组（P<0.05）。结论：艾灸对实验性RA家兔滑膜炎症的抑制作用可能是通过调节OPN的表达,进而调节相关炎症因子及VEGF的表达,参与对RA滑膜炎症及血管翳形成的调节,其可能为艾灸治疗RA有效的内在机制。 相似文献
4.
目的：探讨金匮肾气丸联合玉屏风散对烟雾暴露所致慢性阻塞性肺疾病（COPD）大鼠糖皮质激素受体（GR）、去乙酰化酶2（HDAC2）、p65和白细胞介素-8（IL-8）、肿瘤坏死因子-α（TNF-α）表达的影响。方法：将SD大鼠随机分为正常组、模型组、治疗组、对照组，每组各10只。除正常组外，其余各组大鼠均采用香烟暴露法建立COPD大鼠模型，模型组以含2%二甲基亚砜的无菌水灌胃，治疗组以金匮肾气丸合玉屏风散灌胃，对照组以地塞米松灌胃。观察大鼠肺脏组织病理变化，蛋白质免疫印迹法检测大鼠肺组织GR及p65变化，免疫组化法检测HDAC2，酶联免疫吸附试验（ELISA）检测IL-8、TNF-α的变化。结果：模型组气道及肺泡的结构变化与COPD肺组织病理表现相符。模型组大鼠HDAC2降低，治疗组以及对照组的表达量则有所回升。大鼠GR蛋白、p65蛋白表达量以及IL-8、TNF-α水平正常组与模型组比较，治疗组、对照组与模型组比较，差异均有统计学意义（P＜0.05）。结论：吸烟及长期慢性气道炎症均有可能使GR、HDAC2降低，导致糖皮质激素抵抗的现象，补肾益气法能提高GR蛋白、HDAC2表达，改善糖皮质激素的抗炎作用，同时其也可改善COPD气道炎症的作用。 相似文献
5.
目的：观察黄芩清热除痹胶囊联合骨疽拔毒散外敷治疗膝关节急性创伤性滑膜炎的临床疗效。方法：采用随机数字表法将受试者随机分成2组,每组各45 例。对照组采用膝关节支具制动加塞来昔布胶囊口服治疗,治疗组在对照组基础上加黄芩清热除痹胶囊口服联合骨疽拔毒散外敷治疗。比较2组治疗前后膝关节肿胀程度、膝关节疼痛视觉模拟量表（VAS）评分、中医证候积分、Lysholm膝关节功能评分、实验室指标［包括红细胞沉降率（ESR）、C反应蛋白（CRP）、白细胞介素-6（IL-6）、白细胞介素-1β（IL-1β）、肿瘤坏死因子-α（TNF-α）］,观察不良反应,评价综合疗效。结果：总有效率治疗组为95.56%（43/45）,对照组为86.67%（39/45）,差异有统计学意义（P＜0.05）。2组膝关节肿胀程度、膝关节疼痛VAS评分、中医证候积分、Lysholm膝关节功能评分及实验室各项指标治疗前后组内比较及治疗后组间比较,差异均有统计学意义（P＜0.05）。结论：黄芩清热除痹胶囊联合骨疽拔毒散外敷对膝关节急性创伤性滑膜炎患者作用显著,能有效减轻膝关节疼痛、改善患者症状评分,抑制IL-6、IL-1β、TNF-α等炎症因子表达,且无明显不良反应。 相似文献
6.
目的：探讨针刺下关穴对过敏性鼻炎（AR）大鼠血清白介素-6（IL-6）和肿瘤坏死因子-α（TNF-α）表达的影响。方法：选用健康SD大鼠，分为正常组、模型组、阳性组和针灸组，建立AR大鼠模型，对针灸组大鼠采用针刺下关穴进行治疗，阳性组大鼠予丙酸氟替卡松喷鼻治疗，均每天1次，共治疗7d。对大鼠过敏症状进行评分；心脏取血分离血清采用酶联免疫法检测IL-6及TNF-α的水平。结果：与模型组比较，针灸组过敏症状评分明显降低（P<0.01），血清IL-6水平及TNF-α的水平显著下降，差异均有统计学意义（P<0.01，P<0.05）；针灸组与阳性组各项指标比较，差异无统计学意义（P>0.05）。结论：针刺下关穴能有效治疗过敏性鼻炎，其机制可能与其抑制IL-6和TNF-α的活性有关。 相似文献
7.
观察偏头痛大鼠炎症因子的表达及电针干预对其的影响，探讨电针在偏头痛中发挥镇痛效应的相关机制。方法：24只SD大鼠随机分为假手术组、模型组、模型+电针组，每组8只。采用电刺激右侧三叉神经节制备偏头痛模型，取右侧“风池”“外关” 穴进行电针治疗，ELISA法检测各组大鼠血清TNF-α、IL-1β、IL-6浓度。结果：血清TNF-α、IL-1β、IL-6浓度模型组、模型+电针组均明显高于假手术组（P<0.05），模型+电针组较模型组降低（P<0.05）。结论：电针干预可降低偏头痛大鼠血清TNF-α、IL-1β、IL-6浓度，这可能是电针在偏头痛中发挥镇痛效应的相关机制之一。 相似文献
8.
目的：探讨丹莪内异方对子宫内膜异位症大鼠的治疗效果。方法：将60只大鼠随机分为假手术组，模型组，丹莪内异方高、中、低剂量组（灌胃剂量中分别含生药15、7.5、3.75 g/kg），阳性药达那唑胶囊组（阳性组，灌胃剂量为36 mg/kg），每组各10只。行自体子宫内膜移植术制备大鼠子宫内膜异位症模型，给药4周。采用光学显微镜观察异位内膜的病理组织学并评价其病变分级，采用ELISA法测定血清炎症细胞因子白介素-6（IL-6）和肿瘤坏死因子-α（TNF-α）的表达水平。结果：丹莪内异方可缩小子宫内膜异位症大鼠的异位内膜体积。与模型组相比，丹莪内异方各剂量组的异位内膜病变分级程度均减轻（P<0.01）。与假手术组比较，模型组血清IL-6和TNF-α水平均增高（P<0.01）；药物干预后，高、中、低剂量血清IL-6和TNF-α水平均较模型组降低，差异均有统计学意义（P<0.05或P<0.01）；低剂量组TNF-α与阳性组比较，差异有统计学意义（P＜0.05）。结论：丹莪内异方能有效缓解大鼠子宫内膜异位症的发生和发展，这可能与下调炎症细胞因子水平、抑制机体炎症反应等有关。 相似文献
9.
目的：观察Treg/Th17细胞失衡及相关细胞因子在慢加亚急性肝衰竭肠源性内毒素血症（IETM）时的表达变化，进而探讨Treg/Th17细胞对内毒素介导的炎症反应的调控作用。方法:采用牛血清白蛋白致敏建立免疫性肝纤维化大鼠模型，以腹腔注射D-Gal+LPS液（合D-Gal 400mg/kg，LPS 100μg/kg）急性攻击建立肝衰竭IETM大鼠模型。流式细胞术检测不同时间点大鼠外周血中Th17、Treg细胞频数，ELISA法测定不同时间节点大鼠结肠组织IL-10、TNF-α、IL-17A、IL-23、TGF-β水平。结果：与正常组比较，模型组Treg、Th17细胞频数在各时间节点均升高（P<0.05），Treg、Th17细胞与前一时间节点比较均有上升（P<0.05）；与正常组比较，模型组结肠组织Treg/Th17型细胞因子IL-17A、IL-23、TNF-α、TGF-β、IL-10各时间节点表达均升高（P<0.05），且各炎症因子与前一时间节点比较均有上升（P<0.05）；正常组大鼠IL-10、TGF-β等抑炎因子水平高于IL-17A、IL-23、TNF-α等促炎因子，模型组Th17比例高于Treg，失衡向Th17方向偏移。结论：肝衰竭IETM发生时Treg/Th17细胞失衡，向Th17方向偏移，相关抑炎、促炎因子均释放增加，加剧IETM程度。 相似文献
10.
目的：基于TLR4/MyD88/NF-κB信号通路研究参苓白术散对腹泻型肠易激综合征（IBS-D）大鼠的干预机制。方法：将48只大鼠随机分为空白组、模型组、匹维溴铵组［20 mg/(kg·d）］、参苓白术散组［SLBZ组,1.44 g/（kg·d）］、TLR4抑制剂组［TAK-242组,1 mg/（kg·d）］、TLR4抑制剂+参苓白术散组（TAK-242+SLBZ组）,每组各8只。除空白组外,其余各组均采用4%乙酸构建IBS-D大鼠模型。造模成功后,各给药组给予相应的药物灌胃,连续7 d。观察大鼠一般情况,体质量及粪便Bristol评分,结肠组织病理学变化,血清肿瘤坏死因子-α（TNF-α）、白细胞介素-6（IL-6）及白细胞介素-1β（IL-1β）水平,结肠组织闭锁小带蛋白-1（ZO-1）、紧密连接蛋白（Occludin）、Toll样受体4（TLR4）、髓样分化因子88（MyD88）、核转录因子-κB p65（NF-κB p65）蛋白表达水平。结果：成功造模38只。与空白组比较,模型组大鼠体质量下降,粪便Bristol评分升高,HE染色可见炎症细胞浸润,血清TNF-α、IL-6及IL-1β水平升高,结肠组织ZO-1与Occludin蛋白水平降低,TLR4、MyD88、NF-κB p65蛋白水平升高（P＜0.05）。与模型组比较,匹维溴铵组、SLBZ组、TAK-242组、TAK-242+SLBZ组大鼠体质量增加,粪便Bristol评分降低,HE染色炎症细胞浸润减少,血清IL-6、IL-1β及TNF-α水平均显著下降,ZO-1和Occludin蛋白表达水平升高,TLR4、MyD88和NF-κB p65蛋白表达水平下降（均P＜0.05）。与匹维溴铵组、SLBZ组、TAK-242组比较,TAK-242+SLBZ组大鼠结肠组织ZO-1与Occludin蛋白表达水平升高,TLR4、MyD88、NF-κB p65蛋白表达水平下降（均P＜0.05）。结论：参苓白术散可改善IBS-D大鼠腹泻症状,降低血清炎症因子水平,修复肠黏膜,其机制可能是通过调控TLR4 /MyD88 /NF-kB信号通路来达到减轻肠道炎症反应的目的。 相似文献
11.
The analysis of the structure of the cryolithozone, facies, and thicknesses of the Quaternary sediments and the results of the physicochemical mathematical modeling of the modern shelf of the western part of the Laptev Sea support the influence of the Late Pleistocene glaciations on the heat conditions and the distribution of the permafrost in the area. A ～200-m thick glacier formed under aerial conditions from atmospheric precipitation represented the metamorphosed snow cover. According to the modeling, the long-living (from 60?50 to 10?4 ky) glacier reduced the thickness of the permafrost rocks in the reviewed shelf area for 280–360 m. The Holocene marine transgression additionally decreased the thickness from 50–140 m on the inner shelf to 220–350 m on the outer shelf. The modern submarine cryolithozone 450-0 m thick is wide-spread in the studied region from the coast to the shelf boundary (isobaths of 130–140 m), where it pinches out at a distance of ～380 km from the coast at a depth of ～250 m above the sea level. 相似文献
12.
We analyze the components of the carbon system of the Sevastopol bay waters and the balance of main sediment-forming substances
using the data of field investigations in 1998–2008. The interannual variations of total inorganic carbon and the equilibrium
partial pressure of carbon dioxide in the bay water are noted. An increase in the flux of carbon dioxide into the bay and
in the content of organic carbon in bottom sediments is revealed, and an explanation of this phenomenon is given. The priority
accumulation of organic carbon in the sediments of the bay is established. We assess the interannual variation in the relative
abundances of organic and inorganic carbon as an index of the carbon cycle stability. 相似文献
13.
We generalize and analyze the state of investigations of the influence of river waters on the hydrologic structure of the
Black Sea. Specific features of the water, regime and hydrography of rivers flowing into the sea, data on the discharge of
rivers, and intrayear and interyear variability of the discharge are presented. We discuss and analyze works studying the
transformation of river waters, routes of desalinized sea waters, and their influence on the thermohaline structure and dynamic
regime of the sea.
Translated by Peter V. Malyshev and Dmitry V. Malyshev 相似文献
14.
V. A. Ivanov S. P. Lyubartseva N. Mikhailova N. B. Shapiro 《Physical Oceanography》2001,11(6):509-524
We analyze the results of numerical calculations performed according to the three-dimensional interdisciplinary model of an
ecological system of the Black-Sea shelf zone near the estuary of the Danube. The complete system of equations of hydrothermodynamics
is solved together with transport equations of the advection-diffusion-reaction type used to describe the transformation of
a substance (nitrogen) between the components of the characteristic vectors of the ecosystem: plankton, detritus, and biogenic
elements (nitrates). We describe the distinctive features of the circumcontinental distribution of components obtained as
a result of numerical experiments and present arguments for the conclusion that the ecosystem of the Danube estuary water
area plays the role of a buffer zone between the press of the Danubian biogenic pollutions and the neighbouring areas of the
shelf zone and open sea.
Translated by Peter V. Malyshev and Dmitry V. Malyshev 相似文献
15.
Ten years of semistationary studies of the interaction of the ice cover and the coastal relief of the Kandalakhsa Gulf in the White Sea allowed us to reveal the peculiarities of these processes in the warm and cold years and the mechanisms of the origination of ice forms, including ice tents, which govern the character of the tidal flats. Three dynamic fast ice zones are distinguished by their geomorphological location, morphology, and ice dynamics. The dependence of the mechanisms and volumes of the enrichment of the fast ice in the sediments on the coastal zone??s relief was established. At the coast of the Kindo Peninsula (Velikaya Salma Strait), the ice mostly contains fine-sandy sediments. Coarser sediments, including boulders, are occasional and frozen into the ice at the contact of the fast ice and the bottom. At the expense of the ice??s spreading by 4?C6 times in the warm years and 2?C4 times in the cold years, several thousand tons of sediments mostly from the tidal flat??s surface (100?C700 m3 from 1 km of coast in the wide tidal flats and <50 m3 on the steep coasts) are delivered to the water area. 相似文献
16.
Relationship between the path of the Kuroshio in the south of Japan and the path of the Kuroshio Extension in the east 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
A relationship between paths of the Kuroshio and Kuroshio Extension (KE) is investigated, using the satellite-derived altimetry
dataset of 1993–2008. When the Kuroshio takes the nearshore nonlarge meander path or typical large meander path and resultantly
goes through the deeper channel (about 2500 m) of the Izu-Ogasawara Ridge, the KE path adopts a relatively stable state with
the two quasi-stationary meanders. On the other hand, when the Kuroshio takes the offshore nonlarge meander path and then
passes over the shallower part of the Ridge (about 1000 m), the KE path tends to be convoluted, i.e., an unstable state. 相似文献
17.
I. E. Timchenko A. A. Primalenny V. D. Yarin E. F. Vasechkina E. M. Igumnova 《Physical Oceanography》2001,11(4):367-378
We use many-year archival observations of hydrologic and hydrobiologic state of the Sea of Azov for the identification of
the structure of a model of its ecosystem. The ecosystem model, supplemented with expert estimates of bioresource consumption
(fish reserve), contamination level, and possible ecologic fines for violation of the sea natural state, is formalized by
the method of system dynamics. Hereat, the major part of influence functions is found in terms of observational data with
application of self-organization algorithms. We also present the results of simulated experiments with the model of the ecosystem,
which enable us to analyse scenarios of its behaviour under the influence of various external factors (wind, river discharge,
water exchange with the Black Sea, etc.).
Translated by Peter V. Malyshev and Dmitry V. Malyshev 相似文献
18.
The methodology and the first results of the computations of the volumes, masses, and growth rates of the sedimentary body of the buried Black Sea basin are presented. Their temporal evolution reflects the regional paleogeodynamics, in particular, the reorientation of the vector of the relative movement of the Arabian and Eurasian lithospheric plates and the related intensification of their collision in the late Miocene-Pliocene. 相似文献
19.
E. L. Vinogradova 《Oceanology》2008,48(4):483-492
The spatiotemporal variability of the hydrochemical composition of the riverine runoff in nearmouth areas is presented using the example of selected rivers of the Arctic Basin. The temporal dynamics of the riverine nutrient runoff are mainly determined by the seasonal and interseasonal variations in the drainage basins. The spatial variations in the chemical composition of riverine waters in the near-mouth areas are mainly caused by the dynamics of the water flow and the river bed relief and, to a lesser degree, by biochemical processes. It is shown that the variations in the nutrient composition of the waters in near-mouth areas are comparable in magnitude to those at the river-sea geochemical barriers. 相似文献
20.
Izvestiya, Atmospheric and Oceanic Physics - Analysis of the temporal variations of the virtual heights of the sporadic E layer (h?ES) determined from ionograms with increased accuracy (1... 相似文献