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1.
为了研究循环载荷作用下扶强材初始损伤对其极限强度的影响,进行了14组扶强材的循环加载试验和分析。构造了考虑材料累积损伤完整、断筋和大变形的扶强材单元极限承载力计算公式,提出了相应循环载荷作用下损伤扶强材单元的端缩曲线表达式和船体梁极限强度计算的简化逐步破坏法。编制了循环载荷作用下船体梁损伤极限强度计算程序,进行了船体梁极限强度计算,并与有限元结果进行对比。研究结果表明：改进的损伤扶强材模型可较为准确地描述扶强材材料损伤的完整、断筋和大变形的极限承载力退化情况,扶强材腹板断裂的损伤相较初始大变形及材料累积损伤形式承载力下降程度更明显;所提出的循环载荷作用下损伤船体梁极限强度计算的简化逐步迭代方法,能定量地计算扶强材在不同类型损伤下的极限承载力退化程度,具有较高精度,方便易行,可应用于工程设计。 相似文献
2.
开孔沉箱孔洞周围存在以三轴循环应力为特征的复杂承载区，其中混凝土损伤速度远大于单轴应力条件，局部疲劳损伤快速累积使结构整体承载能力迅速下降。考虑迎浪面入射波浪与消浪室内反射波浪的循环作用，针对开孔区域复杂应力状态下的疲劳损伤问题，基于不可逆损伤力学发展的数值计算方法模拟开孔板疲劳过程，得到循环荷载作用下不同类型开孔板的损伤演化历程，并计算损伤后整体结构极限承载力大小，通过综合对比孔洞损伤发展规律和结构极限承载能力，建立了疲劳作用下开孔沉箱极限承载能力判断依据。现有规范依据设计使用年限、波浪条件、作用效应组合等确定材料与结构强度，但并未充分体现开孔结构的优势与承载特点，在此基础上文中补充了开孔结构的优化设计以及实际寿命判断。 相似文献
3.
In this work, we focus on assessing the group effect of localized corrosion on the ultimate strength of the marine structural plates and study the load-deformation behaviors of plates of various slenderness and uniaxial compression. Meanwhile, we investigate different corroded patterns from a single circular pit to 25 circular pits distributed over the plate and carry out hundreds of nonlinear finite element simulations by combining the number, depth, distribution of pits with imperfections and slenderness of plate. The distribution of multiple pits causes scattering of stress concentration on the plate, then the plastic section of plate changes with wider distribution of damage simultaneously. The ultimate strength arises when un-loading zone comprised of the yielding strips and holes extends across the plate. It can be concluded that the corroded condition defined as group effect of pits manipulates the deformation state and the loading capacity of plate at the ultimate strength mode that coincides with the proportion of effective loading area and section in the process of post-buckling. To validate the effect of pits group, we perform the numerical experiments of the post-buckling of steel plates containing pits in a row with different orientation. 相似文献
4.
The effects of different lateral confinement stress on the fatigue behavior of and cumulative damage to plain concrete are investigated experimentally. Eighty 100 mm x 100 mm x 100 mm specimens of ordinary strength concrete are tested under constant- or variable-amplitude fatigue loading and lateral confinement pressure in two orthogonal directions. A fatigue equation is developed by modifying the classical Aas-Jakobsen S-N equation for taking into account the effect of the confined stress on fatigue strength of plain concrete. The results of variable-amplitude fatigue tests indicate that the linear damage theory proposed by Palmgren and Miner is unreasonable in the biaxial stress state. A nonlinear cumulative damage model that could model the effects of the magnitude and sequence of variable-amplitude fatigue loading and lateral confinement pressure is proposed on the basis of the evolution laws of the residual strains in the longitudinal direction during fatigue tests. The residual fatigue life predic 相似文献
5.
MAO Jiang-hong XU Fang-yuan JIN Wei-liang ZHANG Jun WU Xi-xi CHEN Cai-sheng 《海洋工程》2018,32(2):179-188
The fatigue flexural performance of RC beams attacked by salt spray was studied. A testing method involving electro osmosis, electrical accelerated corrosion and salt spray was proposed. This corrosion process method effectively simulates real-world salt spray and fatigue loading exerted by RC components on sea bridges. Four RC beams that have different stress amplitudes were tested. It is found that deterioration by corrosion and fatigue loading reduces the fatigue life of the RC and decreases the ability of deformation. The fatigue life and deflection ability could be reduced by increasing the stress amplitude and the corrosion duration time. The test result demonstrates that this experimental method can couple corrosion deterioration and fatigue loading reasonably. This procedure may be applied to evaluate the fatigue life and concrete durability of RC components located in a natural salt spray environment. 相似文献
6.
Undrained strength behaviour of a cemented marine clay under monotonic and cyclic loading 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
The paper presents the results of a series of monotonic and cyclic triaxial shear tests carried out to study the influence of the strain effect and load cycles on the undrained shear strength of a cemented marine clay from the East coast of India. The undrained shear strength of Indian coastal marine clay has been established from a detailed shear testing carried out in three phases. Undisturbed soil samples taken out from the seabed were used in the test. In the first part, a comprehensive monotonic shear testing has been carried out under both stress-controlled and strain rate-controlled conditions. In the second phase on identical soil specimen, undrained cyclic shear tests were carried out at various cyclic stress ratios (CSR) and these stress levels are chosen in such a way so that no failure occurred during testing. In the final phase post cyclic monotonic shear testing was conducted to qualitatively evaluate the damage caused by cyclic loading. The monotonic shear test results bring out the influence of cementation that can be detected by the stress-controlled test. The cyclic stress results are analysed in terms of CSR. Further, the results are correlated in terms of stress path. 相似文献
7.
疲劳破坏是海洋结构物发生破坏的一种主要形式,深水半潜平台在海上运输、作业、停滞时会受到交变的风、浪、流载荷作用,进而引起结构关键节点处的疲劳损伤,影响平台安全性。以"海洋石油981"半潜钻井平台为研究对象,利用光纤光栅应变传感器对结构高应力区进行应力监测,获取测点处应力时历数据。将监测位置划分为四个监测板块,采用四点雨流计数法对测点应力进行处理,得到以离散形式给出的应力循环幅度与相应循环周次。参照DNV《海上钢结构疲劳设计规范》推荐的S-N曲线,基于Miner线性疲劳累计损伤原则,得到各个测点处的总体疲劳损伤度。选取具有最大疲劳损伤度的危险测点,并结合海上实测总时长,预测半潜平台的总体疲劳寿命。 相似文献
8.
Iwan models are used to simulate the non-linear and hysteretic behaviour of soils under cyclic loading conditions. However, the model in its original form cannot take into account the stiffness degradation which is observed during cyclic loading of soft clays. Studies show that the stiffness reduction (expressed as degradation index) can be represented as a function of the number of cycles and of a degradation parameter depending on the strain amplitude in the case of strain controlled cyclic loading tests. This degradation index has been incorporated into Iwan's series–parallel model as a single fatigue parameter to account for the degradation during cyclic loading. The comparisons made with the existing results of two marine clays tested under undrained cyclic triaxial and simple shear conditions provided an opportunity to understand the capability of the one dimensional model. 相似文献
9.
旨在了解箱型梁在极端循环载荷下的极限强度特性。利用非线性有限元方法来研究裂纹箱型梁的极限弯矩，分析了5种裂纹模型，探讨了裂纹类型、裂纹位置和裂纹长度的影响。考虑了两种载荷形式应用生死单元法对双向循环弯曲下裂纹扩展进行了模拟；并将由循环载荷引起的累积塑性损伤和疲劳裂纹损伤均考虑在内。无论单向循环还是双向循环，单裂纹模型的极限弯矩均小于双裂纹模型的极限弯矩；单边裂纹是最危险的裂纹类型。进一步分析了极端循环载荷下裂纹箱型梁的极限强度折减机理，得出了极限强度折减归因于这两种损伤的耦合作用的结论，并通过其他箱型梁验证了其适用性。 相似文献
10.
Abstract In the field of ocean engineering, anchors are used for several purposes. This article studies the behavior of a helical anchor embedded in soft marine clay under vertical repetitive loading. Helical anchors are simple steel shafts to which one or more helical plates are attached at regular intervals. The tests are conducted on a model helical anchor installed in a soft marine clay bed prepared in a test tank. Repetitive loading is applied using a pneumatic loading arrangement. Different cyclic load ratios and time periods are adopted. In each test, after the application of repetitive loading, poststatic‐pullout tests are conducted to observe the effect of repetitive loading on anchor behavior. From the test results, it is found that, up to a cyclic load ratio of 55%, there is no reduction in capacity. Instead, there seems to be a marginal increase in capacity and reduction in displacement. The reasons for this behavior are explained in terms of induced changes in strength and deformation behavior of marine clay under repetitive load. However, at higher cyclic load ratios, there seems to be reduction in pullout capacity of the anchor, and the reason for this is explained in terms of strain criteria. From this investigation, it can be concluded that the deep anchor is more suitable to a marine environment than a shallow anchor. 相似文献
11.
It is well known that pitting corrosion occurring on surface of hull structural plate will surely result in a significant degradation of the ultimate strength of the hull structural plate. This report aims at development of an assessing formula for ultimate strength of hull plate with pitting corrosion damage under the biaxial in-plane compression loading. The ultimate strength assessment model that is in terms of the corroded volume loss was deduced in theory, and which was then completed through numerical experiment by employing nonlinear finite element analyses for series of corroded plate models. Meanwhile, pitting corrosion in actual ship hull was analyzed and simulated, which ensured that all the assumptions for the finite element model parameters were in accord with the actual hull plate with pitting corrosion damage. Furthermore, the effects of plate slenderness, the linear factors at the plate edges and the ratio between the transverse and the longitudinal in-plane stresses on the ultimate strength reduction related to the corroded volume loss were discussed. The ultimate strength assessment formula being in terms of corroded volume loss developed in this research is expected to be applicable to assess the ultimate strength of the hull structural plate with pitting corrosion damage. 相似文献
12.
Slender marine structures such as mooring lines and risers are susceptible to failures due to stress variations coming from environmental actions. Wave, wind and current are random phenomena, and consequently the most adequate methodology to estimate the fatigue damage accumulation on these structures is the probabilistic fatigue analysis. In practice, the estimation of fatigue life requires the numerical simulation of a huge number of loading cases to compute the multi-dimensional integral of the total fatigue damage.This paper presents an efficient approach to compute the long-term fatigue damage of marine structures. The proposed method needs only a few number of numerical simulations to estimate the structure fatigue life. It uses a parametric interpolation procedure to evaluate the fatigue damage for any individual short-term condition (sea state) required in the calculation of the multi-dimensional integral. In this way, the total number of short-term structural analyzes is considerably reduced.The effectiveness and accuracy of the proposed method is compared to the full direct integration by means of two comprehensive examples. The first studied case is an idealized theoretical model of a single-degree-of-freedom (SDOF) system under wave loading, and the second one is a Steel Catenary Riser (SCR) connected to a FPSO (Floating, Production, Storage and Offloading floating unit). 相似文献
13.
钢筋锈蚀是严重威胁结构安全的耐久性问题,基于压磁效应,研究均匀锈蚀和坑蚀两种锈蚀钢筋的应力状态与压磁场变化的关系。首先,采用通电加速锈蚀方法进行钢筋均匀锈蚀和点蚀试验;然后,通过轴向拉伸静载试验和疲劳加载试验,分析锈蚀钢筋的压磁信号特征。试验结果显示,磁感强度与钢筋应力状态之间具有较好的对应关系,屈服阶段不同锈蚀率下的钢筋磁感强度曲线有较明显区别,疲劳荷载作用下锈蚀钢筋的法向残余磁感强度和磁滞回环面积均呈现疲劳三阶段变化规律,可进一步运用于钢筋应力状态的检测中。 相似文献
14.
AbstractCement soil mixing piles are an effective treatment method for marine soft clay. To investigate the static and dynamic characteristics of the composite soil with cemented soil core, a series of experiments are carried out by using the cyclic simple shear test. The result shows that, the static shear strain showed strain hardening, cemented soil core can improve static shear strength of composite soil, vertical stress can enlarge reinforcement of cemented soil core. The tendency of strain development of composite soil with different area replacement ratios under cyclic loading is the same as that of pure clay, existing critical cyclic stress ratios corresponding to different area replacement ratios. In addition, improving area replacement ratio can increase cyclic strength. At same time, adding of cemented soil core does not change shape of hysteresis curve compared with it for clay either. Moreover, cemented soil core can also obstruct stiffness softening. Through regression analysis of the experimental data, relationship between cyclic number and soil softening index is proved to be linear. The results can give a reference for the dynamic characters of the marine soft clay foundation with cement soil mixing piles. 相似文献
15.
Huayang Lei Jingjin Liu Min Liu Zhipeng Zhang Mingjing Jiang 《Marine Georesources & Geotechnology》2017,35(2):281-291
The mechanical behavior of clay subjected to cyclic loading is important to consider in the design of the foundations of many types of structures that must resist cyclic loading, such as subgrades and offshore foundations, because clay undergoes greater settlement under cyclic loading than under static loading. The difference in settlement between these two loading patterns due to creep behavior is affected by the cyclic frequency and the cyclic stress ratio. This study investigated the effects of the frequency and cyclic stress ratio of cyclic loading on the creep behavior of a natural clay in China using stress-controlled triaxial tests. The assessed the following parameters: three frequencies, four cyclic stress ratios, and six vertical stresses. The test results indicate that the soft clay displays accelerated creep behavior under dynamic loads. A specific “limit frequency” (in this case, 0.2 Hz) and a “safe load” at which the strain of the soft clay increases very slowly were observed. The effect of the effective axial stress on the creep behavior increases with the increase in the cyclic stress ratio. Based on the tests, the critical cyclic stress ratio is 0.267 at a certain effective axial stress and frequency. 相似文献
16.
In jacket-type offshore structures, corrosion damage affects the structural performance under compressive loading, which is created by the working and design loads of the main system. In this study, the effects of corrosion damage on the compressive structural behavior and strength of steel tubular members were investigated. Artificial corrosion damage was applied to the tubular specimens via mechanical processing and hand drilling to replicate the inclined nature of jacket-type offshore structures. The damage was applied to either half or all of the circumference of the specimens. The compressive failure modes of the artificially corroded tubular members were affected by the corrosion conditions. The compressive strengths were also affected by the level of corrosion. From the results of this study, the residual compressive strengths of corroded tubular steel members can be estimated based on the condition of the damaged sectional areas. 相似文献
17.
海洋粉质粘土在波浪荷载作用后的不排水抗剪强度衰化特性 总被引：3，自引：0，他引：3
通过对南海重塑粉质粘土土样的大量动三轴试验结果分析,得到此种土在波浪荷载作用后不捧水抗剪强度衰化同动载作用引起的动应变幅及平均累积孔压之间的相互关系和预估公式;并通过与超固结土样的静三轴剪切试验结果的比较,发现动、静三轴两种试验结果具有很好的吻合关系。建议可用超固结土样的静三轴剪切试验同时结合部分动三轴试验来预估土样在波浪荷载作用后不排水抗剪强度衰化与平均累积孔压之间的关系。 相似文献
18.
基于EIFS和P-M的海底管道腐蚀疲劳寿命预测 总被引：1，自引：1，他引：0
鉴于腐蚀疲劳损伤的特殊性,研究了点蚀过程和腐蚀疲劳裂纹扩展过程。基于等效初始缺陷尺寸(EIFS)和线性累积损伤理论(P-M)方法,消除了点蚀形核、蚀坑生长及腐蚀疲劳短裂纹扩展对腐蚀疲劳寿命预测的影响;避免了基于单点蚀坑建立的腐蚀疲劳寿命预测表达式的弊端;合理地简化了随机荷载下腐蚀疲劳寿命的预测流程。利用现有试验数据,对基于EIFS和P-M方法建立的腐蚀疲劳寿命预测表达式进行了模型验证。结果显示,所提模型的有效性和合理性得到了验证,为工程实际中海底管道的腐蚀疲劳寿命预测提供了一种可行方法。 相似文献
19.
Experiments were made on plain concrete subjected to triaxial static loading and constant-amphtude compressive fatigue loading with a constant lateral pressure in two directions. The initial confining pressure was O, O. lfc, O. 25fc and O. 4fc, respectively, for the static test, and O. lfc and O. 25fc for the fatigue test. Based on the triaxial compressive constitutive behavior of concrete, the inflexion of confining pressure evolution was chosen to be the fatigue damage criterion during the test. The rule of evolution of longitudinal maximum and minimum strains, longitudinal cyclic modulus and damage were recorded and analyzed. According to the Fardis-Chen criterion model and the concept of equivalent fatigue life and equivalent stress level, a unified S-N curve for multi-axial compressive fatigue loading was proposed. Thus, the fatigue strength factors for different fatigue loading cases can be obtained. The present investigation provides information for the fatigue design of concrete structures. 相似文献