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1.
不同种群泥蚶的5种同工酶研究 总被引：4，自引：2，他引：4
应用聚丙烯酰胺凝胶电泳技术,对韩国自然种群、广西自然种群、乐清自然种群、山东自然种群和乐清养殖种群泥蚶的苹果酸脱氢酶(MDH)、过氧化氢酶(CAT)、醇脱氢酶(ADH)、苹果酸酶(ME)和超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)等5种同工酶进行分析比较。结果表明,不同种群泥蚶的ME同工酶无差异;ADH和SOD同工酶除韩国自然种群泥蚶外,其它4个种群泥蚶无差异;MDH同工酶除乐清自然种群和养殖种群泥蚶外,其它3个种群泥蚶均有差异;CAT同工酶在广西自然种群泥蚶中没有表达,在韩国自然种群泥蚶与山东自然种群、乐清自然种群和乐清养殖种群泥蚶中有一定差异。 相似文献
2.
用多元分析法研究泥蚶(Tegillarca granosa)氨基酸地区差异 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
采用贝克曼System6300氨基酸分析仪检测了7个地区泥蚶群体的氨基酸种类及含量,并利用多元分析法对这些群体的氨基酸含量差异进行了比较研究。聚类分析结果表明,7个泥蚶群体中,乐清和韩国群体间的氨基酸含量差异最小,汕头群体与其他6个群体间的氨基酸差异程度最大。通过软件分析,构建3个能反映氨基酸信息的综合性指标——主成分1、主成分2和主成分3,三者的贡献率分别为50.138%、23.332%和15.619%,累计贡献率高达89.089%。 相似文献
3.
泥蚶(Tegillarca granosa)个体发育过程中同工酶基因表达与调控的研究 总被引：4，自引：2，他引：4
采用不连续垂直聚丙烯酰胺凝胶电泳法，对泥蚶(Tegillarca granosa Linnaeus)19个发育阶段的ADH、LDH、EST、IDH、ALP、MDH、GDH、POD、ATPase和ME等10种同工酶的基因表达进行检测分析。结果表明，泥蚶在个体发育过程中随着机体分化和生理活动的改变，同工酶基因的表达呈现出显著的时序变化。在10种酶中，LDH和ATPase两种酶的所有酶带及EST、MDH和ME等的部分酶带在各个发育阶段持续表达，其他酶带只出现在发育阶段的某一或某些阶段，并且表现出了与泥蚶营养方式、代谢形式等生理活动的关联性。在泥蚶的个体发育阶段过程中，IDH、MDH、GDH、ME、ALP等5种酶在32细胞期表达的酶带数剧增，因此32细胞期可能是合子基因表达启动的时间；ADH、EST、LDH、MDH、GDH、ME等6种酶在泥蚶的附着变态期酶带大幅减少或产生新酶带，可能与泥蚶附着期运动方式、代谢强度及生活环境的改变有关。 相似文献
4.
中国沿海不同地区泥蚶(Tegillarca granosa)的遗传多样性分析 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
以采自海南海口、广西防城港、广西北海、广东湛江、福建漳州、山东荣成、山东威海7个地理群体62个泥蚶个体为材料,获取592bp线粒体COI基因片段序列,并进行遗传多样性及分化分析。多态性遗传参数统计显示:62个个体共检测出103个多态性位点,定义了26个单倍型;总群体单倍型多样性指数为0.834,核苷酸多样性指数为0.01665,平均核苷酸差异数为9.85772。7个群体均显示出较丰富的遗传多样性,群体内遗传距离及群体内遗传多样性参数显示中国沿海泥蚶遗传多样性由北向南呈升高趋势,而群体内遗传分化系数也呈现升高的趋势。基于26个单倍型COI序列构建的NJ树和UPGMA树以及基于群体间遗传距离构建的UPGMA树显示,荣成群体和威海群体亲缘关系较近,聚成一小支,而后与漳州群体相聚,然而南方类群并没有聚为独立的一支。 相似文献
5.
泥蚶(Tegillarca granosa)肉质的蛋白组学研究 总被引：1，自引：1，他引：1
采用双向电泳技术,对广东阳江和浙江乐清两地的泥蚶肌肉全蛋白进行了研究,并利用质谱和软件对差异蛋白进行了分析.研究结果表明,阳江和乐清两地样品平均检测到的蛋白点数分别为674±25和746±34个,平均匹配率为78.6%.差异表达蛋白质点数为26个,其中3个点仅在阳江泥蚶中表达,5个点仅在乐清泥蚶中表达;6个点在阳江泥蚶中为高表达,12个点在阳江泥蚶中为低表达.选择其中6个具有代表性的蛋白点进行肽指纹图谱分析.结果显示,乐清泥蚶中高表达的4个蛋白确定为肌动蛋白、PRKA激酶锚定蛋白9、烯醇化酶.这些物质与泥蚶的肉质特性有一定关联.乐清地区出产的泥蚶在营养、肉质和鲜美度方面均优于阳江地区的泥蚶. 相似文献
6.
《海洋湖沼通报》2020,(4)
本研究采用方差分析、主成分分析、判别分析和聚类分析等多元统计分析方法,对缢蛏(SinonovaculaconstrictaLamarck)5个种群的17个比例性状参数进行分析与比较。方差分析结果显示,山东东营种群与其他4个种群均有15项比例性状存在差异显著(P0.05)。主成分分析中,4个主成分累计贡献率达85.253%,能够概括5个种群间的形态差异,具有较大负荷值的比例性状主要体现在代表壳高和壳前后端钝圆程度的因子。判别分析结果显示,山东东营种群判别准确率为100%,其他4个种群为53.3%—76.7%。聚类分析显示,福建云霄种群和广东湛江种群聚在一起,浙江乐清种群与广西钦州种群聚在一起,这两支再聚在一起,最后与山东东营聚类。差异系数结果显示,山东东营种群和浙江乐清种群、福建云霄种群、广东湛江种群、广西钦州种群之间分别有13、3、4、10项比例性状的CD值大于1.28;浙江乐清种群、福建云霄种群、广东湛江种群和广西钦州种群两两之间的CD值均小于1.28。综合上述5种统计分析结果,贝体壳高,前后端性状是缢蛏种群形态差异的主要影响因子;缢蛏山东东营种群与其他4个地理种群形态差异较大,浙江乐清种群与广西钦州种群、福建云霄种群与广东湛江种群形态上较接近;群体间存在形态差异,与地理分布不完全一致。多元统计分析方法从不同的角度反映了群体间的形态差异。 相似文献
7.
采用线粒体 COI 基因和核糖体第一内转录间隔区 ITS-1基因,对荣成(RC)和即墨(JM)2个魁蚶(Scapharca broughtonii Schrenck)野生地理群体及一个人工繁育的即墨子代(JZ)群体,进行遗传多样性和遗传结构分析,探讨即墨人工繁育的子代作为荣成魁蚶底播增殖苗种的可行性。分子方差分析(AMOVA)结果表明,3个群体的遗传差异主要存在群体内。荣成野生群体和即墨野生群体间的Fst值,基于COI基因和ITS-1基因分别为0.1678和0.1193,表明荣成野生群体与即墨野生群体之间存在中等程度的遗传分化。单倍型多样性和核苷酸多样性分析结果表明,人工繁育的即墨子代群体的遗传多样性明显降低。荣成野生群体与即墨子代群体之间的遗传差异,较之与即墨野生群体间的遗传差异更大。如果采用即墨子代在荣成底播,可能会对荣成野生魁蚶野生群体的遗传结构产生一定影响,因此,采用即墨人工繁育子代作为荣成魁蚶底播增殖的苗种来源时必须十分慎重,并在苗种繁育时尽量采用大群体有效亲本。 相似文献
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10.
基于微卫星的泥蚶5个地理群体遗传多样性分析 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
为了研究泥蚶不同地理群体的系统发育关系和遗传多样性,运用微卫星DNA标记,对浙江温州(ZJ)、山东日照(SD)、韩国釜山(KR)、广西企沙(GX)、海南海口(HN)等5个泥蚶地理群体进行了17个基因位点的遗传多样性分析。结果显示,从17对引物中共检测出115个等位基因,每个位点等位基因数(Na)2~12个。有效等位基因数(Ne)为1.192~7.849,平均观测杂合度(Ho)为0.430~0.516,平均期望杂合度(He)为0.573~0.656,5个群体的平均多态信息含量(PIC)为0.525~0.608。Hardy-Weinberg平衡检验表明,51.2%的微卫星位点偏离平衡状态(P0.05)。5个群体间的种群遗传分化系数(FST)为0.012~0.062,呈现出较低的遗传分化。UPMGA聚类分析表明,浙江群体和韩国群体首先聚在一起,亲缘关系最近,然后与海南群体聚合;广西群体和山东群体亲缘关系较近,聚为一支,然后与上面三个群体聚合。 相似文献
11.
Chandralata Raghukumar G. Sheelu P. A. Loka Bharathi Shanta Nair C. Mohandass 《Marine Georesources & Geotechnology》2001,19(1):1-16
In order to assess the impact of deep-sea mining on the in situ benthic life, we measured the microbial standing stock and concentration of organic nutrients in the deep-sea sediments of the Central Indian Ocean Basin in the Indian pioneer area. Sediments were collected using box core and grab samples during September 1996. The total bacterial numbers ranged from 10 10 -10 11 cells per g -1 dry weight sediment. There was a marginal decrease in the number of bacteria from surface to 30 cm depth, though the subsurface section registered a higher number than did the surface. The highest numbers were encountered at depths of 4-8 cm. The retrievable number of bacteria were two orders less in comparison with the direct total counts of bacteria. An almost homogeneous distribution of bacteria, total organic carbon, living biomass, and lipids throughout the depth of cores indicates active microbial and benthic processes in the deep sea sediments. On the other hand, a uniform distribution of total counts of bacteria, carbohydrates, and total organic carbon in all the cores indicates their stable nature and suggests that they can serve as useful parameters for long-term monitoring of the area after the benthic disturbance. Further studies on temporal variability in this region would not only verify the observed norms of distribution of these variables but would also help to understand restabilization processes after the simulated benthic disturbance. 相似文献
12.
Coastal inundation associated with extreme sea levels is the main factor which leads to the loss of life and property whenever a severe tropical cyclonic storm hits the Indian coasts. The Andhra and Orissa coasts are most vulnerable for coastal inundation due to extreme rise in sea levels associated with tropical cyclones. Loss of life may be minimized if extreme sea levels and associated coastal flooding is predicted well in advance. Keeping this in view, location specific coastal inundation models are developed and applied for the Andhra and Orissa coasts of India. Several numerical experiments are carried out using the data of past severe cyclones that struck these regions. The simulated inland inundation distances are found to be in general agreement with the reported flooding. 相似文献
13.
Hoi-Soo Jung Kap-Sik Jeong Yong-Shik Chu Sung-Hyun Park Ki-Hyune Kim 《Marine Georesources & Geotechnology》2001,19(3):181-195
Grain size and water content in box-core sediments from the Clarion-Clipperton fracture zone (C-C zone) in the northeast equatorial Pacific were analyzed in detail to understand the downcore variations across a hiatus between Quaternary and Tertiary layers. Grain-size distributions in the topmost core sediments show two modes: a coarse mode (peaked at 50 μm) and a fine mode (at 2-25 μm). The coarse mode disappears gradually with depth accompanied by the dissolution of siliceous fossil tests, whereas the fine mode coarsens due to the formation of authigenic minerals. Water content increases abruptly across a color boundary between an upper pale brown layer and a lower dark brown layer that is the hiatus between Quaternary and Tertiary layers. Abundant smectites and microvoid molds, which are created by the prolonged fossil dissolution in the underlying sediment, are attributed for the abrupt downcore variation of water content. Overall variations in grain size and water content in the topmost core sediments in the western C-C zone are possibly constrained by the dissolution of biogenic siliceous fossils. Variations in geotechnical properties related to these changes must be considered in the design of nodule collectors. 相似文献
14.
Shigehisa Nakamura 《Marine Geodesy》2001,24(1):27-33
This article concerns an interrelation between the sea levels and the western boundary flow near a tectonic boundary in a local zone in the Northwestern Pacific. In this zone, sea level variations at stations located on the coast facing the Pacific are studied to find the interrelation between variations of the Kurosio flow as an index of the distance of the flow axis off a specific coast. The result is discussed after data processing of the monthly means of the sea levels, and a notice is taken of variations caused by active crustal upheavals during a seismic event, a local earthquake. 相似文献
15.
This study tests the hypothesis that the in situ void ratio of surficial marine sediments may be predicted from shear wave velocity-depth data with a reliability equal to that of other methods currently available. Shear wave velocity is fundamentally controlled by the number of grain-to-grain contacts per unit volume of material and by the effective stress across those contacts. In this study, three previously established empirical formulae are used to predict void ratio from velocity-depth data. Field data were acquired along a transect off the northern Californian coast across which water depth increased from 35 to 70 m and seafloor sediment type varied from sand to silty-sand, respectively. A towed seafloor sled device was used to collect shear wave refraction data, and a marked, systematic decrease in velocity was observed along the line, ranging from 35-70 m/s for the coarse, near-shore material to 25-40 m/s for the finer, offshore deposits. Void ratios predicted from these velocities were compared with data measured directly from box-core samples. Of the formulae used for prediction, two agree remarkably well with the control data. Both predicted and control values increase from 0.6-0.8 for the sandy material to 1.1-1.5 for the silty-sand. Thus, this study does not disprove the hypothesis set and demonstrates the potential of field shear wave velocity-depth data as a means of delineating spatial variation in void ratio for surficial marine sediments in a remote, nondestructive manner. 相似文献
16.
Particulate samples were collected from the Changjiang river system during a flood period, in May 1997, and POC, stable isotope and lipids associated with particles were examined. Results showed the decrease (0.84% ～ 1.88%) of organic carbon content from the upper reaches to the estuary.δ13C values of particulate organic carbon was in the range of -24.9×10-3 to -26.6×10-3, which were close to the isotopic signature of continental C3 vegetation. Total particulate n-alkanes concentrations varied from 1.4 to 10.1μg/dm3,or from 23.7 to 107μg/g of total suspended matter. Fatty acids were present in all the samples, from 1.4 to 5.4μg/dm3, with saturated and unsaturated straight-chain and branched compounds in the carbon number range from C12 to C30. Both δ13C and the ratio of carbon content to nitrogen content indicate the predominance of terrestrial inputs (soil organic matter) among the particles. The biomarker approach has been used to identify the relative portion of terrigenous and autochthonous fraction in the particulate samples. The distribution of fatty acids suggests a striking phytoplanktonic and microbial signal in most particle samples. The terrestrial alkanes are used to estimate the contribution of terrestrial inputs along the mainstream. 相似文献
17.
Geoacoustic Inversion via Genetic Algorithm and Its Application to Manganese Sediment Identification
An acoustic inversion method using a wide-band signal and two near field receivers is proposed and applied to multiple layered seabed models including a manganese sediment. The inversion problem can be formulated into a probabilistic model comprised of signals, a forward model, and additive noise. The forward model simulates wide-band signals, such as chirp signals, and is chosen to be the source-waveletconvolution plane wave modeling method. The wavelet matching technique, using weighted least-squares fitting, estimates the sediment sound-speed and thickness on which determination of the possible numerical ranges for a priori uniform distribution is based. The genetic algorithm is applied to a global optimization problem to find a maximum a posteriori solution for determined a priori search space. Here the object function is defined by an L 2 norm of the difference between measured and modeled signals. Not only the marginal pdf but also its statistics are calculated by numerical evaluation of integrals using the samples selected during importance sampling process of the genetic algorithm. 相似文献
18.
Andrzej Chybicki 《Marine Geodesy》2018,41(1):1-23
Current trends of development of satellite derived bathymetry (SDB) models rely on applying calibration techniques including analytical approaches, neuro-fuzzy systems, regression optimization and others. In most of the cases, the SDB models are calibrated and verified for test sites, that provide favorable conditions for the remote derivation of bathymetry such as high water clarity, homogenous bottom type, low amount of sediment in the water and other factors. In this paper, a novel 3-dimensional geographical weighted regression (3GWR) SDB technique is presented, it binds together methods already presented in other studies, the geographically weighted local regression (GWR) model, with depth dependent inverse optimization. The proposed SDB model was calibrated and verified on a relatively difficult test site of the South Baltic near-shore areas with the use of multispectral observations acquired by a recently launched Sentinel-2 satellite observation system. By conducted experiments, it was shown that the proposed SDB model is capable of obtaining satisfactory results of RMSE ranging from 0.88 to 1.23[m] depending on the observation and can derive bathymetry for depths up to 12m. It was also shown, that the proposed approach may be used operationally, for instance, in the continuous assessment of temporal bathymetry changes, for areas important in the context of ensuring local maritime safety. 相似文献
19.
N. H. Khadge 《Marine Georesources & Geotechnology》2000,18(3):251-258
As a part of the environmental impact assessment studies, geotechnical properties of sediments were determined in the Central Indian Basin. The undrained shear strength and index properties of the siliceous sediments were determined on 20 box cores of uniform dimension collected from various locations in five preselected sites. The maximum core length encountered was 41 cm and most of the sediments were siliceous oozes consisting of radiolarian or diatomaceous tests. The shear strength measurements revealed that surface sediments deposited in recent times (0-10 cm) have a shear strength of 0-1 kPa; this value increases with depth, reaching 10 kPa at 40 cm deep. Older sediments have greater strength because of compaction. Water content varies in the wide range of 312-577% and decreases with depth. The clay minerals such as smectite and illite are dominant and show some control over water content. Wet density, specific gravity, and porosity do not indicate any notable variation with depth, thereby indicating a uniform, slow rate of sedimentation. The average porosity of sediments is 90.2%, specific gravity 2.18, and wet bulk density 1.12 g/cm 3 . Sediments exhibit medium to high plasticity characteristics, with the average plasticity index varying between 105% and 136%. Preliminary studies on postdisturbance samples showed an increase in natural water content and a decrease in undrained shear strength of sediments in the top 10- to 15-cm layer. 相似文献
20.
J. N. Pattan Ch. M. Rao A. A. Migdisov S. Colley N. C. Higgs L. Demidenko 《Marine Georesources & Geotechnology》2001,19(3):155-165
The rare earth element (REE) distribution in nine deep-sea ferromanganese nodules and their associated siliceous sediments from the Central Indian Ocean Basin (CIOB) have been studied to elucidate the REE relationship among them. Total REE concentration varies from 398-928 ppm in the nodules and 137-235 ppm in the associated sediments, suggesting two- to four-fold enrichment in the nodules compared to associated sediments. REE of nodules and their associated sediments show a positive correlation, suggesting REE are supplied from a common source such as seawater. The positive correlation between REE of nodules and sediments from the CIOB is contrary to the competitive scavenging of REE between nodules and sediment in the equatorial Pacific Ocean. REEs in the nodules are carried by Fe, P, and Ti, whereas in the sediment they are carried by P and Mn phases. A similar REE fractionation pattern with middle REE enrichment over heavy and light REE in both the nodules and their associated sediment suggest fractionation is independent of REE abundance and their carrier phases. 相似文献