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1.
结合椭圆型缓坡方程模拟近岸波流场   总被引:9,自引:3,他引:6  
波浪向近岸传播的过程中,由波浪破碎效应所产生的近岸波流场是近岸海域关键的水动力学因素之一.结合近岸波浪场的椭圆型缓坡方程和近岸波流场数学模型对近岸波浪场及由斜向入射波浪破碎后所形成的近岸波流场进行了数值模拟.计算中考虑到波浪向近岸传播中由于波浪的折射、绕射、反射等效应使局部复杂区域波向不易确定,采用结合椭圆型缓坡方程所给出的波浪辐射应力公式来计算波浪产生的辐射应力,在此基础上耦合椭圆型缓坡方程和近岸波流场数学模型对近岸波流场进行数值模拟,从而使模型综合考虑了波浪的折射、绕射、反射等效应且避免了对波向角的直接求解,可以应用于相对较复杂区域的近岸波流场模拟.  相似文献   

2.
近岸区域波流耦合作用的数学模型   总被引:5,自引:0,他引:5  
本文提出了一个讨论近岸波浪和波生流耦合作用的二维数学模型。在波浪场中运用波数矢量无旋和波作用量守恒方程求解波浪在波生流作用下的折射、绕射变形,以辐射应力作为波生流场的驱动力,考虑地转柯氏力和海底底摩擦的作用。文中采用Dingemans(1987)的地形对波流耦合作用进行了分析。数值计算结果表明波流耦合作用对近岸波浪场和波生流场的影响比较显著,在工程实际上应当综合考虑波流耦合问题。  相似文献   

3.
潮流、波浪综合作用下河口二维悬沙数学模型   总被引:41,自引:1,他引:40  
本文根据河口水流动力特性和泥沙变化规律,把波浪运动概化为具有时均意义的波浪流分布场,将“波流幅射应力”、“波流摩阻力”以及“波流挟沙力”三个要素归纳到水流运动方程和悬沙输送方程中去,构成潮流、波浪综合作用下河口二维悬沙数学模型计算系统。通过对珠江口黄茅海悬沙冲淤过程的实际算例,表明该系统模拟河口悬沙在潮流和波浪综合作用下的分布特性和冲淤趋势方面,具有良好的应用前景。  相似文献   

4.
长兴岛海区波流相互作用数值模拟研究   总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1  
王彪  沈永明  王亮 《海洋工程》2012,30(3):87-96
波和流是近岸海区的主要动力因素。应用二维潮流数学模型和最新第三代近岸海浪模式SWAN,建立了非结构网格下二维情况近岸波流耦合作用数学模型。时间离散采用欧拉向前格式,空间离散采用有限体积法显式格式。通过将波浪场及潮流场进行迭代耦合计算,实现了对波流共同作用下波浪场和潮流场的数值模拟。将模型应用于矩形海湾实验和李孟国数模实验等理想地形以及大连长兴岛海区实际复杂地形算例,并用现场实测资料对计算结果进行验证,结果表明:耦合结果与实测结果吻合良好,并且要优于未耦合的结果。  相似文献   

5.
二维情况下波浪对潮流场作用的数值分析   总被引:2,自引:1,他引:1       下载免费PDF全文
波浪和潮流是近岸地区主要的动力因素,两者之间存在着复杂的相互作用.波浪与潮流在时间尺度、空间尺度上都有很大的差别,因此现阶段对于波流相互作用的研究主要采用两种不同的概化方法.第一种方法是把周期变化的潮流概化成具有某一特征的海流叠加到波浪运动方程中去,用来模拟波流运动结构在短时间内所发生的变化.对于波浪来说,海流的作用既有动力学影响又有运动学的影响,在运动学方面,包括水深和海流对波浪频散关系的影响,另外还有由于顺流或逆流引起的波长的变化;在动力学方面,海流会引起波浪波高的变化;另一种方法是把波浪过程概化为在潮周期中具有平均意义的波浪要素叠加到潮流运动方程中,用来计算波浪对流的运动状态的影响,主要着眼于波浪和潮流对于泥沙的输运研究.  相似文献   

6.
近岸水域波浪变形数学模型   总被引:6,自引:1,他引:5  
本文采用波数矢量无旋和波能守恒方程建立了一个近岸水域波浪变形数学模型,模型中采用Batjes关系与波数矢量无旋,波能量守恒方程一起来求解近岸水域波浪折射绕射的联合影响的波浪要素。利用本文提出的数学模型对一个斜坡浅滩水域波浪折射绕射现象进行了验证,结果表明本文提出的近岸水域波浪变形的数学模型是可靠的,计算所得结果与试验结果是吻合的。  相似文献   

7.
海岸和河口地区是波浪和潮流相互作用最复杂的区域,在潮流和波浪作用下,该区域泥沙运动是当下的研究热点,也是难点。为探究波浪和潮流共同作用下的泥沙悬浊度的分布情况,本文采用辽东湾近海区域实测水文及泥沙悬浊度数据,进行波流作用下的泥沙浓度特征分析研究。分析显示:观测期间,潮流呈现半日潮性质,呈现东北-西南走向,涨潮流流速略大于落潮流流速;观测期间波浪以西南向波浪为主;泥沙浓度与垂向水深呈正比关系,且与流速相关性较好,而与波高、波浪周期相关性较差;利用窦国仁公式对辽东湾近岸泥沙浓度与动力条件关系进行拟合分析,得到α、β分别为0.0045和0.00037,相关系数γ=0.76。  相似文献   

8.
研究了深水铰接塔平台在波流联合作用下的组合共振特性。将平台顶部工作单元简化为集中质量,塔柱和浮力仓简化为均匀直杆,建立了铰接塔平台运动分析模型。考虑海流和波浪对平台的作用,应用Morison公式计算铰接塔平台瞬时位置所受水动力,依据拉格朗日原理建立了铰接塔平台的强非线性运动方程。分别考虑波浪作用和波流联合作用,采用数值计算方法,计算了高400m、塔柱直径15m的浮力塔平台的多种组合共振响应。研究表明,波浪作用下平台将出现2vm+vn组合共振,波流联合作用下平台将出现vm+vn组合共振、2vm+vn组合共振。  相似文献   

9.
根据海岸河口地区潮流、波浪、泥沙的运动特点及其相互作用机制,考虑了波浪场产生的"波浪辐射应力"和"波流挟沙力"动力要素对潮流场和泥沙运动的影响,在泥沙扩散方程中考虑了紊动水流作用,采用有限元加权集中质量法,建立了考虑波浪作用的潮流泥沙数学模型,并利用锦州港港区的潮流及泥沙资料对模型进行了验证。验证结果表明,潮位吻合良好,流速、流向、含沙量分布基本相似。在此基础上,模拟了工程建设前后,港区附近潮流场和泥沙淤积的变化,分析了泥沙骤淤现象。模拟结果表明,该数学模型能够适用于海岸河口地区潮流、泥沙的模拟,为波浪作用下潮流场和泥沙淤积的预测提供一种新的模拟方法,具有良好的应用前景。  相似文献   

10.
王平  邹文峰 《海洋通报》2017,36(5):568-577
基于三维潮流和谱波浪模型,以及输移扩散模型和拉格朗日粒子追踪模型,构建了波流耦合下保守污染物的迁移扩散模型。模型基于非结构化网格,对近岸复杂岸线有很好的拟合,可用于大范围波流耦合计算。运用所建的耦合模型研究了旅顺港内外的潮流变化、波生流场、保守污染物输移、粒子运动、以及新水道对湾内污染物迁移的影响,模拟的潮流场与实测数据吻合较好。结果表明:潮流会在湾内近湾口处形成一逆时针涡,波浪对湾内影响较小,但波生流会改变湾口流场分布;在湾内处于涡中的水体潮流自净能力较强,而湾中及湾底则较弱,SE向波浪会降低湾内水体的自净能力;新潮流通道的开挖,会显著改善水体的自净能力,尤其对湾底浅水区域作用明显。  相似文献   

11.
海岸悬沙运移数学模型   总被引:6,自引:0,他引:6  
根据适合大范围缓变地形情况下,不恒定、非均匀流场中随机波折绕射联合数值模式及波浪作用下的二维浅水环流方程和悬沙扩散方程,建立了波浪、潮流共同作用下二维悬沙数学模型,并将该模型应用于渤海湾北部海域,进行了波、流共同作用下航道疏浚弃土的悬沙扩散、运移及海床演变的数值模拟,为工程单位决策提供科学依据  相似文献   

12.
本文以粤西水东湾表层沉积物样品的粒度分布为基本数据,使用对应分析方法并结合地形与波流特征,分析了海湾动力沉积环境。分析结果表明,海湾现代沉积环境可划分为4个动力沉积区。  相似文献   

13.
A horizontal two- dimensional numerical model is developed for estimation of sediment transport and sea bed change around a large circular cylinder under wave action. The wave model is based on an elliptic mild slope equation. The wave-induced current by the gradient of radiation stress is considered and a depth integrated shallow water equation is applied to the calculation of the current. The mass transport velocity and the bed shear stress due to streaming are considered, which are important factors affecting the sediment transport around a structure due to waves, especially in reflective areas. Wave-current interaction is taken into account in the model for computing the bed shear stress. The model is implemented by a finite element method. The results of this model are compared with those from other methods and agree well with experimental data.  相似文献   

14.
实施人工岬角和海滩养护的软硬措施相结合的方法是探索解决海滩侵蚀问题的新举措之一。基于验证良好的水动力模型建立了泥沙输运和海床演变模型,对秦皇岛市新开河口至南山岸线海滩经整治修复工程实施后的泥沙输运和海床演变规律进行模拟分析。结果表明:大潮与常浪耦合作用下,研究区域周围海域流速整体上落急时刻大于涨急时刻,沙坝掩护水域的流速较弱,波浪在沙坝处增强并在沙坝后破碎并减弱;在沙坝处出现高悬沙浓度区域,悬沙浓度分布主要由底床切应力控制,部分受水动力影响。大潮与强浪耦合作用下,在沙坝处出现远大于常浪时的增强水流(波生流),方向与强浪向一致,波浪在沙坝处已破碎且沙坝对强浪的削减效率大于常浪;与常浪作用下不同,悬沙浓度场在强浪作用下沙坝处没有出现明显的高浓度区域。波流耦合作用下,人工岬角单独存在时护岸效果有限,工程实施后在人工岬角和人工沙坝的配合下,沙坝处侵蚀而沙坝后侧掩护区域淤积,沙坝起到了有效养护海滩的作用。  相似文献   

15.
I~crIOWIn the coastal area, especially at the sandy seashore, wave and nearshore current are the major factors which affect sediment transPOrt and the motyhChdynamics.The numerical models of predicting the beach evolution can be classified intO the medi~term and long-term models according to their space and time scales (De Briend et al., 1993;Watanabe, 1990; Watanabe et al., 1986; Tao, 1996). In the medium-term model the effects ofwave, nearshore current and sediment transport are conside…  相似文献   

16.
Based on a large database of laboratory experiments, the predictability of the conventional one-dimensional vertical Reynolds-averaged Navier–Stokes (RANS) diffusion model is systematically investigated with respect to wave-induced net sediment transport. The predicted net sediment transport rates are compared with the measured data of 176 physical experiments in wave flumes and oscillating water tunnels, covering a wide range of wave conditions (surface, skewed, and asymmetric waves with and without currents), sediment conditions (fine, medium, and coarse sands with median grain diameters ranging from 0.13 to 0.97 mm) and bed forms (flat beds and rippled beds), corresponding to various sediment dynamic regions in the near-shore area. Comparisons show that the majority (73 %) of predictions on a flat bed are within a factor 2 of the measurements. The model behaves much better for medium/coarse sand than for fine sand. The model generally underpredicts the transport rates beneath asymmetric waves and overpredicts the fine sand transport beneath skewed waves. Nevertheless, the model behaves well in reproducing the transport rates under surface waves. A detailed discussion and a quantitative measure of the overall model performance are made. The poor model predictability for fine sand cases is mainly due to the underestimation of unsteady phase-lag effect. It is revealed that the model predictability can be significantly improved by implementing alternative bedload formulas and incorporating more physical processes (mobile-bed roughness, hindered settling, and turbulence damping).  相似文献   

17.
田动会  滕珊  冯秀丽  肖晓  宋湦  冯利  姜波 《海洋学报》2017,39(3):106-114
通过黄河三角洲埕北海域表层沉积物的粒度资料、实测潮流数据以及50 a一遇的波浪要素,分析了埕北海域表层沉积物的分布类型以及粒度参数特征,并计算了表层沉积物的临界起动应力、日平均单宽输沙通量以及波流共同作用下的单宽推移质输沙率。结果表明:研究区表层沉积物主要是粉砂质砂、砂质粉砂、粉砂和泥四种,分选中等偏差,近对称到正偏,中等尖锐到尖锐峰态;对大潮期间埕北海域潮流底应力和表层沉积物的临界起动应力的计算说明潮流在大部分区域具有起动和输运泥沙的作用;秋季潮流作用下的日平均单宽输沙通量均值为372.32 kg/(m·d),方向为涨潮流向。利用贝克尔(Bijker)和经典的Van Rijn公式计算出的50 a一遇的波流共同作用下单宽推移质日平均净输沙率结果近似相等。  相似文献   

18.
Owing to lack of observational data and accurate definition,it is difficult to distinguish the Kuroshio intrusion water from the Pacific Ocean into the South China Sea(SCS).By using a passive tracer to identify the Kuroshio water based on an observation-validated three-dimensional numerical model MITgcm,the spatio-temporal variation of the Kuroshio intrusion water into the SCS has been investigated.Our result shows the Kuroshio intrusion is of distinct seasonal variation in both horizontal and vertical directions.In winter,the intruding Kuroshio water reaches the farthest,almost occupying the area from 18°N to 23°N and 114°E to 121°E,with a small branch flowing towards the Taiwan Strait.The intrusion region of the Kuroshio water decreases with depth gradually.However,in summer,the Kuroshio water is confined to the east of 118°E without any branch reaching the Taiwan Strait;meanwhile the intrusion region of the Kuroshio water increases from the surface to the depth about 205 m,then it decreases with depth.The estimated annual mean of Kuroshio Intrusion Transport(KIT) via the Luzon Strait is westward to the SCS in an amount of –3.86×106 m3/s,which is larger than the annual mean of Luzon Strait Transport(LST) of –3.15×106 m3/s.The KIT above 250 m accounts for 60%–80% of the LST throughout the entire water column.By analyzing interannual variation of the Kuroshio intrusion from the year 2003 to 2012,we find that the Kuroshio branch flowing into the Taiwan Strait is the weaker in winter of La Ni?a years than those in El Ni?o and normal years,which may be attributed to the wind stress curl off the southeast China then.Furthermore,the KIT correlates the Ni?o 3.4 index from 2003 to 2012 with a correlation coefficient of 0.41,which is lower than that of the LST with the Ni?o 3.4 index,i.e.,0.78.  相似文献   

19.
Tide-driven bed load transport is an important portion of the net annual sediment transport rate in many shoreface and shelf environments. However, bed load transport under waves cannot be measured in the field and bed load transport by currents without waves is barely measurable, even in spring tidal conditions. There is, consequently, a strong lack of field data and validated models. The present field site was on the shoreface and inner shelf at 2 to 8.5 km offshore the central Dutch coast (far outside the surfzone), where tidal currents flow parallel to the coast. Bed load transports were carefully measured with a calibrated sampler in spring tidal conditions without waves at a water depth of 13–18 m with fine and medium sands. The near-bed flow was measured over nearly a year and used for integration to annual transport rates. An empirical bed load model was derived, which predicts bed load transports that are a factor of > 5 smaller than predicted by existing models. However, they agree with laboratory data of sand and gravel transport in currents near incipient motion. The damped transport rates may have been caused by cohesion of sediment or turbulence damping due to mud or biological activity. The annual bed load transport rate was calculated using a probability density function (pdf) derived from the near-bed current and orbital velocity data which represented the current and wave climate well when compared to 30 years of data from a nearby wave station. The effect of wave stirring was included in the transport calculations. The net bed load transport rate is a few m2/year. This is much less than predicted in an earlier model study, which is partly due to different bed load models but also due to the difference in velocity pdf. The annual transport rate is very sensitive to the probability of the largest current velocities.  相似文献   

20.
Large Eddy Simulation for Plunge Breaker and Sediment Suspension   总被引:2,自引:1,他引:1  
BAI  Yuchuan 《中国海洋工程》2002,16(2):151-164
Breaking waves are a powerful agent for generating turbulence that plays an important role in many fluid dynamical processes, particularly in the mixing of materials. Breaking waves can dislodge sediment and throw it into suspension, which will then be carried by wave-induced steady current and tidal flow. In order to investigate sediment suspension by breaking waves, a numerical model based on large-eddy-simulation (LES) is developed. This numerical model can be used to simulate wave breaking and sediment suspension. The model consists of a free-surface model using the surface marker method combined with a two-dimensional model that solves the flow equations. The turbulence and the turbulent diffusion are described by a large-eddy-simulation (LES) method where the large turbulence features are simulated by solving the flow equations, and a subgrid model represents the small-scale turbulence that is not resolved by the flow model. A dynamic eddy viscosity subgrid scale stress model has been used for the  相似文献   

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