共查询到19条相似文献，搜索用时 93 毫秒
1.
深水钻井隔水管避台撤离动力与长度优化 总被引：1，自引：1，他引：0
钻井平台作业过程中遭遇强台风时,可能由于种种原因导致隔水管未被完全回收,平台只能下挂隔水管实施撤离。撤离过程中隔水管受到强烈的海流载荷作用,使平台的撤离航向与航速受到严重限制。提出隔水管避台撤离分析方法,建立软硬两种悬挂模式下撤离隔水管有限元模型,进行不同航向与航速下的隔水管悬挂撤离分析,研究隔水管悬挂撤离作业窗口,并对隔水管悬挂长度进行优化。分析表明,隔水管软悬挂撤离作业窗口较大,推荐平台采用软悬挂模式进行撤离,如不具备软悬挂实施条件,提前回收部分隔水管并将其余部分硬悬挂在平台上进行撤离也是一种可行的方案。 相似文献
2.
建立了软悬挂状态下隔水管动力分析模型,采用有限单元法对模型进行离散,结合Newmark-β法对动态方程求解,并对模型进行验证,最后选取南海某口深水井实际参数,对软悬挂状态下隔水管动力特性进行分析。研究结果表明:软悬挂状态下隔水管底端横向位移最大,顶部铰接处弯矩最大。软悬挂状态下,隔水管横向位移与弯矩随着海底隔水管总成(LMRP)重量增加而减小,随着平台运动速度、平台航向与海流方向夹角增大而增大;回收隔水管减小悬挂长度有利于减小最大横向位移,但会造成弯矩轻微增加;采用旋转刚度适当较大的挠性接头则有利于减小隔水管挠性接头以下整体位移与弯矩。研究成果为钻井平台避台撤离时隔水管的安全提供理论指导。 相似文献
3.
硬悬挂钻井隔水管涡激振动特性研究 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
针对深水钻井过程中遭遇强台风,基于安全性考虑要求钻井平台悬挂隔水管提前撤离的问题,采用软件SHEAR7针对HYSY981钻井平台硬悬挂隔水管系统避台风撤离作业过程中,受南海一年一遇海流作用时诱发涡激振动(VIV)的情况,研究航速与悬挂长度对VIV特性的影响。研究表明,浮力块覆盖率越高,隔水管系统张力越小;浮力块分布对隔水管系统VIV响应影响较大,25%交错布置方案VIV响应最弱。隔水管并非越短越好,要综合考虑洋流剖面、隔水管配置和平台航行的影响;在不同悬挂长度及航行条件下的VIV响应,在撤离作业前应尽量避免在高流速区布置浮力单根,撤离作业时应尽量采用顺流而避免平台逆流航向。 相似文献
4.
在时域内分析深水钢悬链立管在平台运动和波流载荷共同作用下的非线性动力响应;采用雨流计数法处理立管节点应力的时间历程,选用DoE.E型S-N曲线分析立管在单一海况和平台运动联合作用下的疲劳损伤;将各方向含概率分布的疲劳损伤进行叠加,得到立管整体的全方向疲劳损伤及疲劳寿命。平台的运动为六自由度的运动预报数据,波流载荷由某海域实际的波浪统计数据采用Morison公式计算所得。计算结果表明钢悬链立管疲劳寿命的极值点分别位于悬挂点附近和触地点附近,对立管疲劳寿命极值点各方向疲劳损伤分布情况进行了分析。所提方法为钢悬链立管疲劳分析提供了新思路,给出的结论对钢悬链立管设计分析有一定借鉴意义。 相似文献
5.
通过修改风应力和底摩擦应力的计算方式并引入波致辐射应力,以POM(Princeton Ocean Model)和SWAN(Simulating Waves Nearshore)模式为基础构建了浪流相互作用耦合模式,对1994年14号台风过程下的东中国海波流相互作用对水位和波高的影响进行了模拟研究.结果表明:浪流相互作用引起的水位变化主要出现在近岸浅水区.与岸边站点实测水位的对比显示,耦合后的结果相比非耦合结果更接近观测值,特别是在极值水位处.流的存在显著地影响有效波高的计算结果.在黄海海域,流对有效渡高的增减在极值处大于0.2 m.在台湾岛东北海域黑潮流系附近,流对有效波高的增加最大可达1.6 m.上述结果对改善近岸风暴潮和海浪预报具有指导意义. 相似文献
6.
水下生产系统跨接管结构极限承载能力分析 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
跨接管是水下生产系统的主要构件之一,水下地形变化易导致跨接管两端承受较大边界位移载荷,对水下生产系统的结构安全性产生不利影响。研究并分析了端部相对位移载荷作用下跨接管结构的极限承载能力及跨接管失效模式的特点,表明整体轴向压缩位移分量是导致跨接管结构发生极限破坏的主要因素。在此基础上考虑了内表面周向裂纹对跨接管极限强度的影响。分析结果表明:当裂纹较小时,因弯管截面的椭圆化和塑性屈服,轴向压缩位移很容易使跨接管发生整体压缩失效;当裂纹较大时,因为裂纹韧带区的高应力效应,跨接管会在整体压缩失效之前达到极限状态;最终失效模式取决于裂纹的位置及大小。 相似文献
7.
基隆港台风浪特征分布数值模拟分析 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
基于修正的Holland台风模型风场,在同化QuikScat/NCEP混合风场基础上,结合高分辨率水深和高精度岸线资料,采用第三代近岸海浪模式SWAN,对影响基隆港邻近海域的两类典型台风过程引起的台风浪进行了数值模拟分析。模拟的两次台风过程中,西北型台风0715号和转向型台风0424号的有效波高与同一时段T/P卫星高度计资料波高的平均相对误差分别为6.5%和5.6%,相关系数分别达到0.972和0.902,台风浪个例模拟精度较高,可为基隆港及其邻近海域台风浪模拟与预报提供一种有效的方法。 相似文献
8.
为减少复杂地形对台风浪数值模拟的干扰,有效优化模拟精度和效果,充分发挥台风浪数值模式在防灾减灾中的作用,文章利用ERA-interim风场驱动模式,以1513号台风"苏迪罗"为例,采用2种方案对其形成的台风浪进行数值模拟,并对二者进行比较。其中,方案(1)为采用WW3模式,方案(2)为采用WW3模式和SWAN模式嵌套。研究结果表明:选取有效波高的模拟值和观测值,根据对散点分布的定性分析以及对相关系数、偏差和均方根误差的定量计算,采用方案(2)的模拟精度更高;通过绘制台风浪场分布图,采用方案(2)对有效波高的动态数值模拟更加明显和准确,尤其对于复杂地形海域的模拟效果更优。因此,在未来的海浪数值模拟中,可参照采用方案(2),即在大区域采用WW3模式,在复杂地形海域嵌套SWAN模式。 相似文献
9.
利用WAVEWATCH Ⅲ(WW3)和SWAN海浪模式模拟了1949—2005年间对钦州湾海域影响较大的台风浪.以模拟结果为基础,利用皮尔逊Ⅲ(P-Ⅲ)频率适线法推算了钦州湾湾外深水的累积频率波高和平均波周期(Tm)的多年一遇极值,同时模拟了其间在百年一遇高潮水位条件下的台风浪,以及在百年一遇高潮水位、百年一遇风暴潮增水共同作用下对钦州湾影响较大的台风产生的波浪场.使用P-Ⅲ法推算了在极端天气下,钦州湾湾内统计点的累积波高和平均波周期的多年一遇极值.研究结果表明,由于湾内浅滩较多,波浪在传播过程中水体底部摩擦使能量耗损明显,所以湾内波高较小,湾口处的波高大于内湾处的波高.近岸海区的波浪耗散、破碎等物理过程比较强烈,因此近岸统计点C1处的波高极值最小,其最大波高向岸边快速减弱并沿东向传播.在极端天气情况下,波浪在传播过程中发生破碎,波高衰减显著. 相似文献
10.
针对远区台风对河口波浪动力场的影响问题,利用第三代波浪模式SWAN计算了远区台风"三巴"期间长江口波浪动力场分布,分析了陆架至河口区的波浪能量耗散和波致泥沙侵蚀的时空分布,发现波浪由外海向近岸传播过程中,波-波相互作用导致能量由高频向低频转换,周期和波长逐渐增大,近底层轨道流速增大,能量密度增高;阐明白帽破碎是维持深水区波浪能量平衡和限制波高成长的主要机制,底摩擦耗能和水深诱导的破碎耗能是长江口横沙东滩和崇明东滩邻近海域波高衰减的主要原因;提出波浪产生的底部切应力与相对水深有关,当波浪传播到浅水区时,波长和周期越大,波浪切应力越大。研究揭示了与河口相距数百公里的远区台风能够对长江口波浪动力场产生明显影响,河口水下三角洲前缘是最容易受到波浪侵蚀的区域,研究成果弥补了目前关于陆架远区台风对河口波浪动力场影响研究的不足,对深化认识远区台风对长江口动力环境、地貌演变、航运安全和滩涂保护等有重要科学意义。 相似文献
11.
针对在南海海域频发的台风自然灾害,考虑海况随机性、结构随机性以及作业参数的随机性,采用梯度投影确定取样点的响应面法,分别建立P2D、D2P和P2P(P指生产立管,D指钻井立管)三种作业模式下TLP串行立管系统的结构极限状态方程。并在建立立管可靠性分析模型的基础上,确定一种立管可靠度计算方法。算例结合南海某TLP平台给出了上述方法的具体应用。研究表明,10年一遇台风情况下,P2D、D2P和P2P三种工况中生产立管系统的失效概率均小于0.001%,钻井立管系统的可靠度分别为0.016%和0.113%。在大于200年一遇的强台风情况下,P2P工况时的上下游生产立管系统失效概率均大于0.32%和0.018%。因此建议10年一遇台风情况下,停止钻井立管作业;在大于200年一遇的强台风情况下,停止生产立管作业。研究结果可为南海TLP立管系统可靠度评估及安全作业技术支持。 相似文献
12.
This paper explores the dynamic behavior of a passive drill string compensator being used for deep-water drilling in moderate seas using a detailed dynamic simulation. Vessel heave, even moderate, gives rise to a disturbance; the purpose of the compensator is to mitigate this effect and to maintain a near-steady load on the drill bit; any variation is termed ldquoload variationrdquo; the compensator is imperfect with various friction elements and viscous losses affecting the compensator performance; the simulation set out in this paper illustrates the load variation in a manner consistent with that experienced during actual drilling. Significant load variation is demonstrated by the simulation, with the main contribution arising from the nonlinear friction in the compensator seals; in addition, significant contact instability occurs when drilling on a very hard bottom formation resulting in bit bounce; this effect is commonly observed. 相似文献
13.
Nonlinear control of an active heave compensation system 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
Heave motion of a vessel or a rig has an adverse impact on the response of a drill-string or a riser. To compensate for heave motion, passive and active devices are usually used. Active heave compensators, in which a control system is an essential part, allow conducting operations under more extreme weather conditions than passive ones. This paper presents a constructive method to design a nonlinear controller for an active heave compensation system using an electro-hydraulic system driven by a double rod actuator. The control system reduces the effect of the heave motion of the vessel on the response of the riser by regulating the distance from the upper end of the riser to the seabed. The control development is based on Lyapunov's direct method and disturbance observers. The paper also includes a method to select the control and disturbance observer gains such that actuator saturations are avoided. Stability of the closed loop system is carefully examined. Simulation results illustrate the effectiveness of the proposed control system. 相似文献
14.
开发了一种新型的深吃水干树式半潜生产平台(TCDD-Semi),该平台可用于中国南海深水区域的油气田开发。它的一个显著特点是立柱的截面形状呈现为渐变形式,而非传统的等截面形式。立柱的底部最大,向上逐渐变小,再结合适当的下浮体设计,能够为平台在服役前期及在位状态时提供足够的浮力以及稳性。最重要的是这种新型立柱的设计能够明显地减小平台在恶劣海况时的垂向运动,从而使在平台上布置具有干式采油树的TTR立管系统成为可能。此外,这种渐变式的立柱设计也有利于减弱平台在流作用下的涡激诱导运动(VIM)。分析结果表明这种渐变式立柱半潜平台可以明显降低平台的垂向运动,也可以在码头组装时提供足够的浮力以及在平台下沉过程中提供足够的稳性。平台优越的垂向运动性能可以使顶部张紧式立管的行程范围限制在10.5 m之内(包括平台偏移、垂荡运动、潮汐影响、海床沉降、热膨胀等因素)。分析结果表明平台的垂荡范围、水平偏移、倾侧角度、上部模块重心处的加速度等可以满足设计要求,证明了这种新型干树式半潜平台的可行性。 相似文献
15.
In the present study, the dynamic and fatigue characteristics of two types of stress joints are investigated under ocean environmental condition. Connected with the riser and the platform, stress joint at the vessel hang-off position should be one of the main critical design challenges for a steel catenary riser (SCR) in deepwater. When the riser is under a high pressure and deepwater working condition, the stress state for the joint is more complex, and the fatigue damage is easy to occur at this position. Stress joint discussed in this paper includes two types: Tapered Stress Joint (TSJ) and Sleeved Stress Joint (SSJ), and multiaxial fatigue analysis results are given for comparison. Global dynamic analysis for an SCR is performed first, and then the local boundary conditions obtained from the previous analysis are applied to the stress joint FE model for the later dynamic and multiaxial fatigue analysis. Results indicate that the stress level is far lower than the yield limit of material and the damage induced by fatigue needs more attention. Besides, the damage character of the two types of stress joints differs: for TSJ, the place where the stress joint connects with the riser is easy to occur fatigue damage; for SSJ, the most probable position is at the place where the end of the inner sleeve pipe contacts with the riser body. Compared with SSJ, TSJ shows a higher stress level but better fatigue performance, and it will have a higher material cost. In consideration of various factors, designers should choose the most suitable type and also geometric parameters. 相似文献
16.
This paper is concerned with the determination of dynamic load variations in the riser and yoke pivot components of an offshore vessel/mooring oil production and storage system.Forces on the yoke system arise from wave induced inertial and drag forces including current and motion due to vessel surge, heave and pitch.The analysis is carried out in the frequency domain and the results yield the limiting wave height for a specific design of SALS which will give rise to loss of tension in the riser. Also presented are the maximum horizontal and vertical components of load variation at the yoke pivoted connections with the vessel. 相似文献
17.
半潜式钻井平台在海洋油气资源开发中发挥着重要作用，目前主要采用模型试验和数值模拟方法对其动力性能进行研究，非常缺乏台风等极端海况下半潜式平台动力响应的实海域监测数据。以某半潜式钻井平台为研究对象，构建了一套比较完善的平台动力性能监测系统，并对台风“杜苏芮”过境阶段的监测数据进行了分析。根据平台艏部气隙及运动监测数据推算了平台吃水及环境波高；采用随机波浪的统计分析方法，计算得到短期海况的有效波高、谱峰周期、能量谱等信息，通过与多种典型海浪谱对比发现Jonswap谱与所测波谱吻合较好；对平台的横摇、纵摇及垂荡运动进行了时域统计分析和频域谱分析，得到了台风海况下被测平台波频运动的实际响应特征，对于指导平台抗台作业具有重要意义。 相似文献
18.
During the drilling of ultra-deep-water subsea petroleum wells, a blow-out preventer (BOP), a piece of safety equipment, must be assembled on the wellhead. The BOP is suspended using the drilling riser during the wellhead approach operation, and the riser's top end is connected to the floating platform rig. This article presents a feedback control system for the automatic approach of the BOP to the wellhead. Compared to state-of-the-art controls, ours does not require ancillary thrusters installed alongside the riser nor inclination sensors atop of the drilling riser. Additionally, our proposed control embeds a closed-loop dynamic positioning system, thus retaining the characteristics of the original control system and adding an extra closed-loop. This eases implementation of the BOP approach control to an existing platform. To calculate the optimal gains for the BOP controller, we assume a linear system for the riser, including only the pendulum-shape. The simulation is carried out using nonlinear models for both riser and floating platform. We assume an International Towing Tank Conference standard semi-submersible platform, coupled with a 3000-m free-hanging vertical riser for the time-domain simulation. The results show the BOP tracking to be a step-shaped input signal under current and wave loads. A discussion of the performance of feedback control under different environmental loads is also included. 相似文献
19.
The paper presents the design and preliminary test results of a corer used for hard seafloor sediments sampling.Generally the sediment cores are provided by either gravity-type coring or deep-ocean drilling for a range of studies.However,in consideration of the operability and available sample length in collecting hard sediments,these methods exhibit no advantages.In this paper,a new corer which can exploit both hydrostatic energy and gravity energy for hard sediments coring is presented.The hydrostatic energy is provided by pressure differential between ambient seawater pressure and air pressure in an empty cavity.During sampling process,the corer penetrates into the sediment like a gravity corer and then automatically shifts to the percussion mode.The experiments in the laboratory indicate that the corer can complete 40 cycles in the sea with a cycle time of 2.8 seconds in percussion mode and impact the sample tube with the velocity of 0.2 m/s during each cycle.Besides,its adjustable falling velocity can make the corer achieve the maximum efficiency in coring different sediments. 相似文献