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1.
渤海东部潮流动力地貌特征 总被引：9，自引：0，他引：9
渤海东部发育了典型的潮流动力地貌体系，它由老铁山水道冲刷槽、辽东浅滩沙脊和渤中浅滩沙席三者组成。前者为潮流侵蚀区，后两者为潮流沉积区。老铁山水道表层最大流速可达５ｋｎ，潮流强烈侵蚀海底；辽东浅滩表层最大流速１．３￣２．３ｋｎ，Ｍ２分潮椭率绝对值小于０．４，潮流往复强，形成潮流沙脊；渤中浅滩表层最大流速为１．２￣１．６ｋｎ，Ｍ２分分潮椭率绝对值大于０．４，潮流旋转性强，形成潮流沙席。６号沙脊南端详测 相似文献
2.
渤海东部发育了典型的潮流动力地貌体系，它由老铁山水道冲刷槽、辽东浅滩沙脊和渤中浅滩沙席三者组成。前者为潮流侵蚀区，后两者为潮流沉积区。老铁山水道表层最大流速可达５ｋｎ，潮流强烈侵蚀海底；辽东浅滩表层最大流速１．３～２．３ｋｎ，Ｍ２分潮椭率绝对值小于０．４，潮流往复性强，形成潮流沙脊；渤中浅滩表层最大流速为１．２～１．６ｋｎ，Ｍ２分期椭率绝对值大于０．４，潮流旋转性强，形成潮流沙席。６号沙脊南端详测区的旁侧声纳镶嵌日显示的微地貌形态有海底沙丘、沙条、彗星尾标志和冲刷沟，表明沙席和沙脊均是现代潮流作用形成的底形。该潮流动力地貌体系中，净沉积物搬运从老铁山水道至两潮流浅滩；在详测区净沉积物搬运从南向北。 相似文献
3.
对东海扬子浅滩成因的再认识 总被引：4，自引：1，他引：4
本文依据前人资料,综合分析了位于东海西北部长江口东侧扬子浅滩的潮流作用、微地貌形态、物质成分和来源以及全新世沉积厚度,认为它是典型的现代潮流沙席,而不是古长江水下三角洲或陆架残留沉积.扬子浅滩潮流沙席与其西北部的江苏滨外潮流沙脊共同组成了长江口外现代潮流沉积体系.它们同属于太平洋潮波系统作用的潮流沉积环境. 相似文献
4.
模拟了全新世 9个特定时期潮流作用下渤、黄、东海陆架上的泥沙输运状况。结果表明 ,东海外陆架梳状古沙脊形成的盛期在 - 80m至 - 52m海面期间 ,主要是潮流将侵蚀的海底晚更新世物质与河流的入海泥沙向东南方向输运而形成 ;- 52m海面之后 ,该古沙脊逐渐停止发育。扬子浅滩形成于 - 52m海面之后 ,至 - 30m海面时已发育比较成熟 ,它主要是旋转流将海底晚更新世物质与全新世河流入海泥沙中的细粒物质呈扇形向外簸选掉 ,粗粒物质留在原地而形成。南黄海中部泥在 - 52m海面时已开始形成 ,该泥是细粒物质的汇 ,泥沙来源具有多源性 ,但泥沙来量不足。西朝鲜湾沙脊与江华湾沙席、辽东浅滩沙脊与渤中浅滩沙席、海州湾中砂质沉积、南黄海辐射状沙脊以及北黄海西部泥、渤海中央泥、浙闽岸外泥主要形成于全新世最大海侵以来。西朝鲜湾沙脊与江华湾沙席分别是强往复流与旋转流主要侵蚀海底的晚更新世物质而形成。辽东浅滩沙脊与渤中浅滩沙席主要是强潮流将老铁山水道中的晚更新世物质带到辽东半岛西侧海域沉积而形成。海州湾中的砂质沉积是潮流将海底晚更新世物质与河流入海泥沙中的细粒物质带往外海、留下粗粒泥沙而形成。南黄海辐射状沙脊是辐射状潮流场改造北来的黄河泥沙与南来的长江泥沙而形成。北黄海西部泥的 相似文献
5.
全新世渤、黄、东海陆架泥沙输运演变过程模拟研究 总被引：2，自引：1，他引：2
模拟了全新世9个特定时期潮流作用下渤、黄、东海陆架上的泥沙输运状况，结果表明，东海外陆架梳状古沙脊形成的盛期在-80m至-52m海面期间，主要是潮流将侵蚀的海底晚更新世物质与河流的入海泥沙向东南方向输运而形成；-52m海面之后，该古沙脊逐渐停止发育，扬子浅滩形成于-52m海面之后，至-30m海面时已发育比较成熟，它主要是旋转流将海底晚更新世物质与全新工河流入海泥沙中的细粒物质呈扇形向外毛皮选掉，粗粒物质留在原地而形成，南黄海中部泥在-52m海面时已开始形成，该泥是细粒物质的汇，泥沙来源具有多源性但泥沙来量不足，西朝鲜湾沙脊与江华湾沙席、辽东浅滩沙脊与渤中浅滩沙席、海州湾中砂质沉积、南黄海辐射状沙脊以及北黄海西部泥、渤海中央泥、浙漫漫岸外泥主要形成于全新世最大海侵以来，西朝鲜湾沙脊与江华湾沙席分别是强往复流与旋转流主要侵蚀海底的晚更新世物质而形成，辽东浅滩沙脊与渤澡浅滩沙席主要是强潮流将老铁山水道中的晚更新世物质带到辽东半岛西侧海域沉积而形成，海州湾中的砂质沉积是潮流将海底晚更新世物质与河流入海泥沙中的细粒物质带往外海留下粗粒泥沙而形成，南黄海辐射状沙脊是辐射状潮流场改造北来的黄河泥沙与南来的长江泥沙而形成。北黄海西部泥的物源主要是黄河入海泥沙通过渤海海峡南部向北黄海的扩散分量，该泥非细粒物质的汇，而是处于黄河入海泥沙由渤海向黄海输运的过路地段，渤海中央泥的沉积中心位于其南、北两端，其物源主要为黄河入海泥沙向渤海中部的扩散分量，浙闽岸外泥的物源主为长江南水泥沙与浙闽沿岸来沙，南黄海中部泥、北黄海西部泥、渤海中央泥以及浙闽岸外泥基本与弱潮流区相对应，济州岛西南泥、黄海东部泥的形成最迟始于-30m海面时，长江入海泥沙有为其提供物源的可能，全新世某一特定时期渤、黄、东海陆架不同海区的泥沙输运状况受潮流的强弱、类型以及不对称性等的控制。全新世渤、黄、东海陆架泥沙输运场的演变受控于潮流场的演变。 相似文献
6.
对我国基岩海湾内的潮流沉积和地貌进行了系统研究。根据潮滩、潮流水道、潮流沙脊等地貌单元的组合特征，概括出3种潮流地貌模式：潮滩型、滩-槽型和滩槽-脊型。通过各模式海湾环境特征的对比分析，设定紊动射流系数Rbjet做为判别潮流水道形成发育程度的水动力参数，发现潮流水道较为发育的滩-槽型和滩-槽-脊型海湾往往开敞度较小，纵深较长，而平均潮差较大，Rbjet大于45。潮流沙脊是区分滩-槽型和滩-槽脊型潮流地貌模式的标志地貌，粗颗粒泥沙来源是其发育的必备条件：残留沉积、海岸侵蚀来沙丰富的海湾内潮流沙脊发育；河流来沙则可以改造形成小规模现代潮流脊；而靠近大河河口，细颗粒来源丰富的海湾则不利于潮流沙脊发育，湾内形成滩-槽型潮流沉积。 相似文献
7.
潮流场对渤、黄、东海陆架底质分布的控制作用 总被引：10，自引：0，他引：10
朱玉荣 《海洋地质与第四纪地质》2001,21(2):7-13
运用二维潮流数学模型，模拟了渤、黄、东海陆架的M2潮汐、潮流。结果表明，渤、黄、东海陆架的潮流有强弱之分以及往复流和旋转汉之别。在此基础上，计算了8种粒径沙的湖平均悬移输沙率、潮平均推移输沙以及相应的输沙率散度。根据输沙率散度的正负，划分了海底冲刷区与淤积区。根据不同粒径泥沙输沙率散度的相对大小，确定出海底的主要底质类型为砂质沉积、粉砂质泥沉积和以粉砂为主的混合沉积。计算结果表明，海底3种主要底负类型的分布格局与海底的冲淤格局以及与输沙率矢量的发散和聚合状况基本一致。在渤、黄、东海陆架，沙脊主要在强往复流区形成，沙席主要在强或较强的旋转流区形成，泥质沉积主要在弱潮流区形成。砂质沉积、泥质沉积以及混合沉积这3种主要底质类型并非孤立存在，而是受渤、黄、东海陆架潮流场控制而形成的一个完整的潮流沉积体系。渤、黄、东海陆架的砂质沉积与泥质沉积并非残留沉积，而是潮流沉积。在没有冷涡的情况下，黄、东海陆架的典型泥质沉积在弱潮流环境中同样可以形成，因此，认为冷涡并非黄、东海陆架典型泥质沉积形成的必要条件。 相似文献
8.
中国沿海很多陆架受潮流水动力的控制,发育了沙脊、沙席和沙波(沙丘)等潮流沉积地貌。闽江河口外首次发现有潮流沙脊群,沙脊群由数条大小不一呈SW—NE向的线状沙脊体组成,局部沙脊连片成为浅滩,相邻沙脊间为侵蚀沟槽,形成脊槽相间排列的地貌形态,沙脊东南翼较西北翼陡,表明沙脊有向东南方向迁移的趋势。通过对沙脊群和闽江口水下三角洲地形地貌、沉积物以及潮流场环境特征的综合分析,认为闽江口外潮流沙脊群是以古闽江口三角洲物质为基础,在全新世海侵过程中,沙脊群区处于近岸河口湾环境下发育,并在现代水动力的作用下形成与潮流方向相吻合的地貌体。 相似文献
9.
《海洋地质与第四纪地质》2015,(6)
渤海东部的辽东浅滩是由一系列大致平行的线性沙脊和沙脊间沟槽共同组成的现代潮流地貌。根据辽东浅滩海域表层沉积物、脊-槽海流与悬浮泥沙同步观测和水深地形测量等资料,研究了沙脊和沟槽表层沉积物分布、海流及悬浮泥沙分布特征,分析了沉积物输运趋势,探讨了沙脊-沟槽地貌分布对潮流的响应。结果表明:辽东浅滩沙脊脊部表层沉积物为砂,沟槽表层沉积物为砂质粉砂和粉砂质砂,具有脊部粗、沟槽细的分布特征。受脊槽地形的控制,沙脊区潮流流速由表层至底层逐渐减小,沙脊脊部表层流速小于沟槽表层流速,而近底层则相反,沙脊脊部底层流速大于沟槽底层流速,其变化的临界深度约0.7 H(H为水深值)。沙脊区沉积物运移方向为NNE向,在一个潮周期内,沙脊脊部表层沉积物约有8.5~10.5h可以被起动,而沟槽内沉积物只在高低潮流速较大的1h期间可以被起动。在长期的往复潮流作用下,沙脊脊部遭受侵蚀,沟槽淤积,沙脊逐渐退化,脊-槽高差减少,脊-槽地形趋于夷平,但沙脊退化的过程是缓慢的,目前的脊-槽地貌格局仍具有一定的稳定性。 相似文献
10.
11.
Liu Zhenxi S. Berne Wang Kuiyang T. Marsset Xia Dongxing Tang Yuxiang J. F. Bourillet 《海洋学报(英文版)》1998,17(2):209-231
ＴｉｄａｌｂｅｄｆｏｒｍｓｉｎｅａｓｔｅｒｎｐａｒｔｏｆｔｈｅＢｏｈａｉＳｅａＬｉｕＺｈｅｎｘｉａ，Ｓ．Ｂｅｒｎｅ，ＷａｎｇＫｕｉｙａｎｇ，Ｔ．Ｍａｒｓｓｅｔ，ＸｉａＤｏｎｇｘｉｎｇ，ＴａｎｇＹｕｘｉａｎｇ，Ｊ．Ｆ．Ｂｏｕｒｉｌｌｅｔ（Ｒｅｃｅｉｖｅ... 相似文献
12.
阐述了太平洋潮波传入南海北部的途径与海底沙脊和沙波的区域分布 ;分析了各沙脊和沙波区的潮流动力环境和地貌沉积特征 ;讨论了海底沙脊和沙波发育演变问题。 相似文献
13.
末次冰消期以来渤、黄、东海陆架潮汐、潮流演变过程模拟研究 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
朱玉荣 《中国海洋大学学报(自然科学版)》2002,32(2):279-286
末次盛冰期结束、海侵开始后渤、黄、东海陆架潮汐、潮流的演变对该区泥沙的输运与沉积 ,以及海底地貌的形成、分布以及演变等具有深刻影响。文中数值模拟末次冰消期以来 4个特定时期 ,即比现在海面低 80 m、5 2 m、30 m海面以及全新世最大海侵时渤、黄、东海陆架的潮汐、潮流。根据不同时期的潮汐、潮流分布特征得出 ,末次冰消期以来渤、黄、东海陆架潮汐、潮流的演变过程大致以全新世最大海侵为界划分为两个阶段 :1全新世最大海侵前为渤、黄、东海陆架潮汐、潮流基本分布格局的形成阶段 ;2全新世最大海侵后 ,为基本分布格局的局部调整阶段。末次冰消期以来基本海岸轮廓的变迁是渤、黄、东海陆架区潮汐、潮流演变的主要控制因素 相似文献
14.
Erosional shelf ridges in the mid-eastern Yellow Sea 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
In the mid-eastern Yellow Sea, closely spaced high-resolution seismic profiles and a 44-m-long sediment core (YSDP-104) were analyzed to reveal the internal structures and stratigraphy of the shelf ridges currently shaped by tidal currents. Three depositional sequences (sequences I, II and III in descending order) can be recognized. Sequence III, the substratum of the ridges, consists of coarse-grained sediments in the lower part (non-marine deposits) and tide-influenced muddy sediments in the upper part (probable transgressive to highstand systems tract). Sequence II represents internal ridge sediments, similar in character to sequence III, but is demarcated by an undulatory ridge topography. According to radiocarbon dating of marine muds, these sequences range in age from 47,000 to 28,000 years B.P., representing two cycles of short-term sea-level fluctuations during oxygen isotope stage 3. Sequence I consists mostly of late-Holocene transgressive sand veneer on the ridge surface. It also includes minor amounts of early-Holocene muddy sediments occasionally underlying the sand. Most of the ridges are presently undergoing erosion by tidal currents, forming widespread sand dunes on the entire surface. 相似文献
15.
In the mid-eastern Yellow Sea, closely spaced high-resolution seismic profiles and a 44-m-long sediment core (YSDP-104) were analyzed to reveal the internal structures and stratigraphy of the shelf ridges currently shaped by tidal currents. Three depositional sequences (sequences I, II and III in descending order) can be recognized. Sequence III, the substratum of the ridges, consists of coarse-grained sediments in the lower part (non-marine deposits) and tide-influenced muddy sediments in the upper part (probable transgressive to highstand systems tract). Sequence II represents internal ridge sediments, similar in character to sequence III, but is demarcated by an undulatory ridge topography. According to radiocarbon dating of marine muds, these sequences range in age from 47,000 to 28,000 years B.P., representing two cycles of short-term sea-level fluctuations during oxygen isotope stage 3. Sequence I consists mostly of late-Holocene transgressive sand veneer on the ridge surface. It also includes minor amounts of early-Holocene muddy sediments occasionally underlying the sand. Most of the ridges are presently undergoing erosion by tidal currents, forming widespread sand dunes on the entire surface. 相似文献
16.
海底沙体是海洋资源开发利用、环境保护、灾害防治和军事行动等必须密切关注的底质类型。台湾海峡沙体面积分布广泛,主要有台湾浅滩、台中浅滩及海峡内受中小型山溪性河流影响的沙体。近年来,台湾浅滩沙体空间分布、大型沙波与小型沙波形态特征及剖面结构研究等领域取得了许多新进展;台中浅滩不同区域的沙体演化对应了地貌发育的不同阶段;而海峡西侧陆架上残留的中小河流沙体地貌也获得了一些新发现。本文归纳了台湾海峡窄陆架上不同沙体的平面分布特征、剖面结构及成因。今后工作的重点应聚焦于进一步获取不同区域高分辨率的地层、地貌证据,并进行对比研究。这些工作能深化对末次盛冰期以来台湾海峡不同地区沙体成因、关联及演化的认识,并有助于了解人类海洋活动与海底沙体演化的响应关系,丰富海底沙体发育和演化理论。 相似文献
17.
东海和凯尔特海潮流沙脊的对比研究 总被引：3，自引：0，他引：3
东海潮流沙脊与凯尔特海沙脊均为开阔陆架上的大型深水沙脊，它们都形成在冰后期海面上升时期。目前仍然经受现代潮流和风暴浪的作用，具有一定的活动性，处于活动沙脊和衰亡沙脊之间的发育过程，属于准活动沙脊。与东海比较，凯尔特海的动力作用更强。东海沙脊横剖面大多呈向西南方向倾斜的前积层理，偶见波浪侵蚀面，反映以潮流作用为主形成的沙脊内部结构的特点；凯尔特海沙脊剖面呈现复杂的交错层理，内部有较多的波浪侵蚀面，这是潮流和波浪共同作用形成的沙脊内部结构的特点。 相似文献
18.
K. Solli B. Kuvaas Y. Kristoffersen G. Leitchenkov J. Guseva V. Gandjukhin 《Marine Geophysical Researches》2008,29(1):51-69
A set of multi-channel seismic profiles (∼15,000 km) is used to study the depositional evolution of the Cosmonaut Sea margin
of East Antarctica. We recognize a regional sediment wedge, below the upper parts of the continental rise, herein termed the
Cosmonaut Sea Wedge. The wedge is situated stratigraphically below the inferred glaciomarine section and extends for at least
1,200 km along the continental margin with a width that ranges from 80 to about 250 km. The morphology of the wedge and its
associated depositional features indicate a complex depositional history, where the deep marine depositional sites were influenced
by both downslope and alongslope processes. This interaction resulted in the formation of several proximal depocentres, which
at their distal northern end are flanked by elongated mounded drifts and contourite sheets. The internal stratification of
the mounded drift deposits indicates that westward flowing bottom currents reworked the marginal deposits. The action of these
currents together with sea-level changes is considered to have controlled the growth of the wedge. We interpret the Cosmonaut
Sea Wedge as a composite feature comprising several bottom current reworked fan systems. The wide spectrum of depositional
geometries in the stratigraphic column reflects dramatic variations in sediment supply from the continental margin as well
as varying interaction between downslope and alongslope processes. 相似文献
19.
Peter T. Harris Andrew Heap Vicki Passlow Michael Hughes James Daniell Mark Hemer Ole Anderson 《Marine Geology》2005,220(1-4):181-204
The formation of incised valleys on continental shelves is generally attributed to fluvial erosion under low sea level conditions. However, there are exceptions. A multibeam sonar survey at the northern end of Australia's Great Barrier Reef, adjacent to the southern edge of the Gulf of Papua, mapped a shelf valley system up to 220 m deep that extends for more than 90 km across the continental shelf. This is the deepest shelf valley yet found in the Great Barrier Reef and is well below the maximum depth of fluvial incision that could have occurred under a − 120 m, eustatic sea level low-stand, as what occurred on this margin during the last ice age. These valleys appear to have formed by a combination of reef growth and tidal current scour, probably in relation to a sea level at around 30–50 m below its present position.
Tidally incised depressions in the valley floor exhibit closed bathymetric contours at both ends. Valley floor sediments are mainly calcareous muddy, gravelly sand on the middle shelf, giving way to well-sorted, gravely sand containing a large relict fraction on the outer shelf. The valley extends between broad platform reefs and framework coral growth, which accumulated through the late Quaternary, coincides with tidal current scour to produce steep-sided (locally vertical) valley walls. The deepest segments of the valley were probably the sites of lakes during the last ice age, when Torres Strait formed an emergent land-bridge between Australia and Papua New Guinea. Numerical modeling predicts that the strongest tidal currents occur over the deepest, outer-shelf segment of the valley when sea level is about 40–50 m below its present position. These results are consistent with a Pleistocene age and relict origin of the valley.
Based on these observations, we propose a new conceptual model for the formation of tidally incised shelf valleys. Tidal erosion on meso- to macro-tidal, rimmed carbonate shelves is enhanced during sea level rise and fall when a tidal, hydraulic pressure gradient is established between the shelf-lagoon and the adjacent ocean basin. Tidal flows attain a maximum, and channel incision is greatest, when a large hydraulic pressure gradient coincides with small channel cross sections. Our tidal-incision model may explain the observation of other workers, that sediment is exported from the Great Barrier Reef shelf to the adjacent ocean basins during intermediate (rather than last glacial maximum) low-stand, sea level positions. The model may apply to other rimmed shelves, both modern and ancient. 相似文献