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1.
The mesoscale variability in the Caribbean Sea. Part II: Energy sources   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  
The processes which drive the production and the growth of the strong mesoscale eddy field in the Caribbean Sea are examined using a general circulation model. Diagnostics of the simulations suggest that:(1) The mean currents in the Caribbean Sea are intrinsically unstable. The nature of the instability and its strength vary spatially due to strong differences of current structure among basins.(2) The greatest and most energetic eddies of the Caribbean Sea originate in the Venezuela Basin by mixed barotropic-baroclinic instability of an intense jet, formed with waters mostly from the surface return flow of the Meridional Overturning Circulation and the North Equatorial Current which converge and accelerate through the Grenada Passage. The vertical shear of this inflow is enhanced by an eastward undercurrent, which flows along the south American Coast between 100 and 250 m depth. The shallow eddies (less than 200 m depth) formed in the vicinity of the Grenada Passage get rapidly deeper (down to 1000 m depth) and stronger by their interaction with the deep interior flow of the Subtropical Gyre, which enters through passages north of St. Lucia. These main eastern Caribbean inflows merge and form the southern Caribbean Current, whose baroclinic instability is responsible for the westward growth and strengthening of these eddies from the Venezuela to the Colombia Basin.(3) Eddies of lesser strength are produced in other regions of the Caribbean Sea. Their generation and growth is also linked with instability of the local currents. First, cyclones are formed in the cyclonic shear of the northern Caribbean Current, but appear to be rapidly dissipated or absorbed by the large anticyclones coming from the southern Caribbean. Second, eddies in the Cayman Sea, which impact the Yucatan region, are locally produced and enhanced by barotropic instability of the deep Cayman Current.(4) The role of the North Brazil Current (NBC) rings is mostly to act as a finite perturbation for the instability of the mean flow. Their presence near the Lesser Antilles is ubiquitous and they appear to be linked with most of the Caribbean eddies. There are some evidences that the frequency at which they form near the Grenada Passage is influenced by the frequency at which the NBC rings impinge the Lesser Antilles. But large Caribbean eddies also form without a close influence of any ring, and comparison between simulations shows that mean eddy kinetic energy and eddy population in the Caribbean Sea are not substantially different in absence or presence of NBC rings: their presence is not a necessary condition for the generation and growth of the Caribbean eddies.  相似文献   

2.
The tectonic mechanisms controlling how volcanic arcs migrate through space and geologic time within dynamic subduction environments is a fundamental tectonic process that remains poorly understood. This paper presents an integrated stratigraphic and tectonic evolution of Late Cretaceous to Recent volcanic arcs and associated basins in the southeastern Caribbean Sea using seismic reflection data, wide-angle seismic refraction data, well data, and onland geologic data. We propose a new tectonic model for the opening of the Grenada and Tobago basins and the 50-250-km eastward jump of arc volcanism from the Late Cretaceous Aves Ridge to the Miocene to Recent Lesser Antilles arc in the southeast Caribbean based on the mapping of three seismic megasequences. The striking similarity of the half-graben structure of the Grenada and Tobago basins that flank the Lesser Antilles arc, their similar smooth basement character, their similar deep-marine seismic facies, and their similar Paleogene sediment thickness mapped on a regional grid of seismic data suggest that the two basins formed as a single, saucer-shaped, oceanic crust Paleogene forearc basin adjacent to the now dormant Aves Ridge. This single forearc basin continued to extend and widen through flexural subsidence during the early to middle Eocene probably because of slow rollback of the subducting Atlantic oceanic slab. Rollback may have been accelerated by oblique collision of the southern Aves Ridge and southern Lesser Antilles arc with the South American continent. Uplift and growth of the southern Lesser Antilles arc divided the Grenada and Tobago basins by early to middle Miocene time. Inversion of normal faults and uplift effects along both edges of the Lesser Antilles arc are most pronounced in its southern zone of arc collision with the South American continent. The late Miocene to Recent depositional histories of the Grenada and Tobago basins are distinct because of isolation of the Grenada basin by growth and uplift of the Neogene Lesser Antilles volcanic ridge.  相似文献   

3.
The variability in the Caribbean Sea is investigated using high resolution (1/15°) general circulation model experiments. For the first time in this region, simulations were carried out with a 2-way nested configuration of the NEMO primitive equation model. A coarse North Atlantic grid (1/3°) reproduces the main features of the North Atlantic and Equatorial circulation capable of influencing ocean dynamics in the Caribbean Sea. This numerical study highlights strong dynamical differences among basins and modifies the view that dynamics are homogeneous over the whole Caribbean Basin. The Caribbean mean flow is shown to organize in two intense jets flowing westward along the northern and southern boundaries of the Venezuela Basin, which merge in the center of the Colombia Basin. Diagnostics of model outputs show that width, depth and strength of baroclinic eddies increase westward from the Lesser Antilles to the Colombia Basin. The widening and strengthening to the west is consistent with altimetry data and drifter observations. Although influenced by the circulation in the Colombia Basin, the variability in the Cayman Basin (which also presents a westward growth from the Chibcha Channel) is deeper and less energetic than the variability in the Colombia/Venezuela Basins. Main frequency peaks for the mesoscale variability present a westward shift, from roughly 50 days near the Lesser Antilles to 100 days in the Cayman Basin, which is associated with growth and merging of eddies.  相似文献   

4.
The variability of the Caribbean Current is studied in terms of the influence on its dynamics of the freshwater inflow from the Orinoco and Amazon rivers. Sea-surface salinity maps of the eastern Caribbean and SeaWiFS color images show that a freshwater plume from the Orinoco and Amazon Rivers extends seasonally northwestward across the Caribbean basin, from August to November, 3–4 months after the peak of the seasonal rains in northeastern South America. The plume is sustained by two main inflows from the North Brazil Current and its current rings. The southern inflow enters the Caribbean Sea south of Grenada Island and becomes the main branch of the Caribbean Current in the southern Caribbean. The northern inflow (14°N) passes northward around the Grenadine Islands and St. Vincent. As North Brazil Current rings stall and decay east of the Lesser Antilles, between 14°N and 18°N, they release freshwater into the northern part of the eastern Caribbean Sea merging with inflow from the North Equatorial Current. Velocity vectors derived from surface drifters in the eastern Caribbean indicate three westward flowing jets: (1) the southern and fastest at 11°N; (2) the center and second fastest at 14°N; (3) the northern and slowest at 17°N. The center jet (14°N) flows faster between the months of August and December and is located near the southern part of the freshwater plume. Using the MICOM North Atlantic simulation, it is shown that the Caribbean Current is seasonally intensified near 14°N, partly by the inflow of river plumes. Three to four times more anticyclonic eddies are formed during August–December, which agrees with a pronounced rise in the number of anticyclonic looper days in the drifter data then. A climatology-forced regional simulation embedding only the northern (14°N) Caribbean Current (without the influence of the vorticity of the NBC rings), using the ROMS model, shows that the low salinity plume coincides with a negative potential vorticity anomaly that intensifies the center jet located at the salinity front. The jet forms cyclones south of the plume, which are moved northwestward as the anticyclonic circulation intensifies in the eastern Caribbean Sea, north of 14°N. Friction on the shelves of the Greater Antilles also generates cyclones, which propagate westward and eastward from 67°W.  相似文献   

5.
Sedimentation processes occurring in an active convergent setting are well illustrated in the Lesser Antilles island arc. The margin is related to westward subduction of the North and/or the South America plates beneath the Caribbean plate. From east to west, the arc can be subdivided into several tectono-sedimentary depositional domains: the accretionary prism, the fore-arc basin, the arc platform and inter-arc basin, and the Grenada back-arc basin. The Grenada back-arc basin, the fore-arc basin (Tobago Trough) and the accretionary prism on the east side of the volcanic arc constitute traps for particles derived from the arc platform and the South American continent. The arc is volcanically active, and provides large volumes of volcaniclastic sediments which accumulate mainly in the Grenada basin by volcaniclastic gravity flows (volcanic debris avalanches, debris flows, turbiditic flows) and minor amounts by fallout. By contrast, the eastern side of the margin is fed by ash fallout and minor volcaniclastic turbidites. In this area, the dominant component of the sediments is pelagic in origin, or derived from South America (siliciclastic turbidites). Insular shelves are the locations of carbonate sedimentation, such as large platforms which develop in the Limestone Caribbees in the northern part of the margin. Reworking of carbonate material by turbidity currents also delivers lesser amounts to eastern basins of the margin. This contrasting sedimentation on both sides of the arc platform along the margin is controlled by several interacting factors including basin morphology, volcanic productivity, wind and deep-sea current patterns, and sea-level changes. Basin morphology appears to be the most dominant factor. The western slopes of the arc platform are steeper than the eastern ones, thus favouring gravity flow processes.  相似文献   

6.
在深入调研南海深水盆地油气地质条件的基础上,系统分析了油气分布规律和成藏主控因素,明确了油气资源潜力和有利勘探方向,旨在为南海深水油气勘探决策提供科学依据。研究结果表明:南海深水盆地发育在非典型边缘海大陆边缘,其石油地质条件具有特殊性,油气分布特征存在显著的南北差异。其中,南海北部深水的珠江口盆地和琼东南盆地,以构造圈闭型油气藏为主;南海中南部深水的曾母盆地南部和文莱-沙巴盆地,主要为构造圈闭型油气藏,曾母盆地北部以岩性油气藏(生物礁滩型油气藏)为主,万安盆地主要为构造圈闭型和基岩潜山型油气藏。南海北部深水盆地和中南部深水盆地的烃源岩、储盖和圈闭等油气地质特征表明,南海深水盆地具有巨大的油气勘探潜力。南海深水的有利勘探方向为:①琼东南盆地乐东-陵水凹陷的中央峡谷、陵南斜坡带,松南-宝岛凹陷的反转构造带,宝岛凹陷北坡海底扇,长昌凹陷的环A洼圈闭带(海底扇);珠江口盆地白云凹陷的主洼深水扇、主洼两翼、西南断阶带,荔湾凹陷的深水扇。②南海中南部深水盆地的文莱-沙巴、曾母和万安盆地。  相似文献   

7.
王国纯 《台湾海峡》1992,11(3):218-226
东海海城构造区划可分成2个盆地和3个隆起。东海盆地可划分成6个坳陷3个隆起;进而可分为16个次一级构造单元。盆地主要构造特征是东西成带,南北分块:即一个盆地三种结构,地层时代东西分带,构造运动与岩性东西分异,地质由西向东演化史;南北在深部地质结构、力学性质及(?)闭类型。构造格局及火成岩分布、沉积环境、地热梯度等诸方面有差异.文中讨论了构造特征形成的机制及盆地内重要的矿藏资源。  相似文献   

8.
We quantify the similarity of the Gulf of Mexico mesopelagic fish fauna to that in adjacent oceanic regions, the Venezuelan and Colombian Basins of the Caribbean Sea and the North and South Sargasso Seas. The South Sargasso and Colombian are the least similar of the areas in terms of their faunal composition, and the Venezuelan and Colombian Basins are the most similar. The Gulf fauna lies somewhere in between, and is a composite of that in the Sargasso and Caribbean Seas. The Gulf of Mexico displays the greatest abundance, biomass and richness (S=140 species), and is an intermediate in evenness (J=0.66) and percent endemism (7.1%). Our findings support the view that the centrally located Gulf is an oceanic ecotone between the Atlantic Tropical and Subtropical faunal regions.  相似文献   

9.
Gravimetric and light-scattering studies of total suspended matter reveal that the bulk of this material is introduced into the Caribbean through the passages of the Lesser Antilles, most likely the result of discharge of the Amazon and Orinoco Rivers. A broad suspended-matter high extends northward from the South American coast, apparently related to northward advection at the confluence of the westward-moving Caribbean Current and an easterly coastal countercurrent off Colombia. Particulate matter distribution may be accounted for by transport from the northern and eastern sills, with resuspension in the deep basins playing a minor role. Localized concentrations appear to be entering through the Greater Antillean sills, and then are carried westward by the prevailing currents.  相似文献   

10.
黄海海底地貌分区及地貌类型   总被引：6，自引：0，他引：6  
林美华 《海洋科学》1989,13(6):7-15
本文通过多年来大量的实际调查资料,将黄海划分成北黄海海湾潮流脊与岛礁、山东半岛沿岸水下堆积岸坡及水下阶地、南黄海西部弱堆积侵蚀平原、旧黄河-古长江三角洲堆积平原、海峡等七个地貌区,它们都各具特有的地貌类型。北黄海和南黄海原为两个大型的山间盆地,尔后由于海侵、被大量沉积物充填,成为今日连成一体的黄海浅海平原。  相似文献   

11.
北黄海盆地中生代地层的地质特征和油气潜力(英文)   总被引：5，自引：1，他引：4  
位于山东半岛东北部的北黄海盆地沿东北方向可以延伸到朝鲜的西朝鲜湾盆地和安州盆地 ,而沿西南方向可以延伸到中国的胶莱盆地。长期以来该盆地的找油重点为第三系 ,结果收效甚微。2 0世纪 80年代末朝鲜在西朝鲜湾靠北黄海盆地一侧钻井数口且在中生代地层中发现了商业性油气流 ,自此中生代地层替代新生代第三纪地层成为人们关注的焦点 ,人们希望在北黄海盆地的中生代地层中也能找出商业性油气流。本文以李四光 ( 1 979)划分的新华夏系第二隆起带理论为指导 ,将胶莱盆地、北黄海盆地、西朝鲜湾盆地和安州盆地作为一个整体进行考虑 ,在详细分析了安州盆地、西朝鲜湾盆地和胶莱盆地的中生代地层分布、油气潜力及其类比关系后认为 ,北黄海盆地在基底结构及其上覆盖层的沉积特征上应具有与安州盆地、西朝鲜湾盆地和胶莱盆地相似的特征。目前 ,西朝鲜湾盆地和胶莱盆地在中生代地层中已取得重要的油气发现和油气显示 ,而它们主要是由下白垩统和上侏罗统组成。因此 ,我们有理由相信 ,北黄海盆地的中生代地层很可能成为有远景的勘探靶区。  相似文献   

12.
-The tectonic types of the Zhujiang (Pearl) River Mouth Basin in the South China Sea are epicontinental rift-depression basins. Prior to Early Cretaceous time, the Dongsha Uplift arid its surrounding depressions had been combined with the Eurasia Plate in a single unit. Many ENE-trending narrow rifted basins were formed in the third episode of Yanshan orogeny (Late Laramide). The rifted basins in the Paleocene and Eocene were stretched and extended, forming Zhu 1, Zhu 2 and Zhu 3 depressions. The Dongsha Uplift is located between Zhu 1 and Zhu 2 depressions . covering an area of 28 000 Km2. Its geologic evolution can be divided into four stages:(1) Late Cretaceous - Paleocene block-faulting stage.(2) Eocene -Oligocene uplifting and eroding stage.(3) Late Oligocene - Early Miocene sustained subsiding stage.(4) Middle Miocene -Recent noncompensated subsiding stage.The Dongsha Uplift is a structural zone favourable for oil-gas accumulation.  相似文献   

13.
Aruba, Bonaire, and Curaçao are islands aligned along the crest of a 200-km-long segment of the east-west-trending Leeward Antilles ridge within the broad Caribbean-South America plate boundary zone presently characterized by east-west, right-lateral strike-slip motion. The crust of the Leeward Antilles ridge represents the western segment of the Cretaceous-early Cenozoic Great Arc of the Caribbean, which obliquely collided, with the continental margin of northern South America in early Cenozoic time. Following the collision, the ridge was affected by folding and was segmented by oblique, northwest-striking normal faults that have produced steep-sided, northwest-trending, elongate islands and narrow shelves separated by deepwater, sediment-filled and fault-controlled basins. In this paper, we present the first fault slip observations on the Neogene carbonate rocks that cover large areas of all three islands. Our main objective is to quantify the timing and nature of Neogene to Quaternary phases of faulting and folding that have affected the structure and topography of this area including offshore sedimentary basins that are being explored for their petroleum potential. These data constrain three fault phases that have affected Aruba, Bonaire, and Curaçao and likely the adjacent offshore areas: 1) NW-SE-directed late Paleogene compression; 2) middle Miocene syndepositional NNW-SSE to NNE-SSW extension that produced deep rift basins transverse to the east-west-trending Leeward Antilles ridge; and 3) Pliocene-Quaternary NNE-trending compression that produced NW-SE-trending anticlines present on Aruba, Curaçao and Bonaire islands. Our new observations - that include detailed relationships between striated fault planes, paleostress tensors, and bedding planes - show that prominent bedding dips of Neogene limestone on Aruba, Bonaire and Curaçao were produced by regional tectonic shortening across the entire Leeward Antilles ridge rather than by localized, syndepositional effects as proposed by previous workers. We interpret Pliocene-Quaternary NNE-directed shortening effects on the Leeward Antilles ridge as the result of northeastward extrusion or “tectonic escape” of continental areas of western Venezuela combined with southeastward shallow subduction of the Caribbean plate beneath the ridge.  相似文献   

14.
南海热流特征及其构造意义   总被引：13，自引：1，他引：13  
根据南海 592个热流数据 ,为克服热流站位分布不均及局部异常热流的影响 ,结合各单元的地质史及其地壳厚度等资料对研究区热流特征进行了详细分析。结果表明 ,具拉张背景的区域如北部陆缘、湄公盆地以及北巴拉望盆地具有中等偏高热流 ;海沟区热流相对较低 ,东部海沟区除台西南盆地外均为低热流区 ,而南部边缘东段古海沟区处于热恢复中 ;南部边缘西区因边界断裂的扭张及深部热源的异常补给而具高热流 ;属于剪切断裂带的西部陆缘也具高热流特征 ;中沙—西沙地区热流中等偏高 ,并由NW往SE方向增加 ,而南沙地区热流较低 ,约为 60mW·m- 2 ;海盆的热流基本满足随洋壳年龄增加而降低的规律 ,东部次海盆实测热流与理论预测基本一致 ,而西南次海盆实测热流普遍低于预测值 ;在南海北部下陆坡区识别出一条高热流带 ,该带与前人给出的海盆北缘断裂带位置基本一致。研究区不同区域地热特征直接或间接地受控于其所处的构造环境。据此 ,给出了研究区的热流趋势图。  相似文献   

15.
Bathymetric patterns of macrofaunal species diversity are best documented in the western North Atlantic where diversity is a unimodal function of depth, peaking in the mid-bathyal zone and being depressed in the upper slope and abyss. There are few inter-basin studies of diversity-depth trends that are controlled for taxonomy, sampling gear, and diversity measures. In this paper, we compare gastropod diversity gradients in the North American Basin of the Atlantic to estimates of diversity in 9 other regions: the Norwegian Sea, West European Basin, Guiana Basin, Gambia Basin, Equatorial Mid-Atlantic, Brazil Basin, Angola Basin, Cape Basin and Argentine Basin. All samples were collected with epibenthic sleds, and diversity calculated by the Sanders-Hurlbert normalized expected number of species. While sampling in other regions is generally less complete than in the western North Atlantic, results indicate that a unimodal pattern is not universal. Diversity can increase, decrease or show no relationship with depth. The level of diversity also varies among basins relative to the western North Atlantic, being depressed in the Norwegian Sea, at bathyal depths in the eastern North Atlantic, and below an oxygen minimum zone in the Cape Basin, and generally elevated at tropical latitudes and in abyssal regions where food supply is high. Associations between gastropod diversity and the ecology and geology of basins suggest that productivity, oxygen concentration, hydrographic disturbance and evolutionary-historical processes may be implicated in shaping bathymetric diversity gradients, but specific causes are difficult to discern. Much more intensive sampling, analyses of other major taxa, and more detailed ecological data are necessary to understand deep-sea biogeography at within- and between-basin spatial scales.  相似文献   

16.
本文主要针对南海北部大陆边缘发育的5个沉积盆地——台西南盆地、珠江口盆地、琼东南盆地、莺歌海盆地和中建南盆地,分析了近年来利用地球物理方法研究南海北部天然气渗漏系统的成果,重点包括3个方面:天然气水合物的储藏、流体运移通道以及海底表面渗漏特征。其中表征天然气水合物存在的似海底反射BSR在台西南和珠江口盆地发育明显,莺歌海盆地发现有大型气田;5个盆地流体运移活跃,其内发现了多样的运移通道:断层、底辟、气烟囱、多边形断层及水道(峡谷)等破裂结构;海底表面渗漏特征也在台西南、珠江口、莺歌海和中建南盆地均有发现。南海北部大陆边缘天然气渗漏系统广泛发育,值得进一步深入研究。  相似文献   

17.
Data collected from hydrographic stations occupied within the Venezuelan and Columbian basins of the Caribbean Sea from 1922 through 2003 are analyzed to study the decadal variability of deep temperature in the region. The analysis focuses on waters below the 1815-m sill depth of the Anegada–Jungfern Passage. Relatively dense waters (compared to those in the deep Caribbean) from the North Atlantic spill over this sill to ventilate the deep Caribbean Sea. Deep warming at a rate of over 0.01 °C decade–1 below this sill depth appears to have commenced in the 1970s after a period of relatively constant deep Caribbean Sea temperatures extending at least as far back as the 1920s. Conductivity–temperature–depth station data from World Ocean Circulation Experiment Section A22 along 66°W taken in 1997 and again in 2003 provide an especially precise, albeit geographically limited, estimate of this warming over that 6-year period. They also suggest a small (0.001 PSS-78, about the size of expected measurement biases) deep freshening. The warming is about 10 times larger than the size of geothermal heating in the region, and is of the same magnitude as the average global upper-ocean heat uptake over a recent 50-year period. Together with the freshening, the warming contributes about 0.012 m decade–1 of sea level rise in portions of the Caribbean Sea with bottom depths around 5000 m.  相似文献   

18.
The prolific, oil-bearing basins of eastern Venezuela developed through an unusual confluence of Atlantic, Caribbean and Pacific plate tectonic events. Mesozoic rifting and passive margin development created ideal conditions for the deposition of world-class hydrocarbon source rocks. In the Cenozoic, transpressive, west-to-east movement of the Caribbean plate along the northern margin of Venezuela led to the maturation of those source rocks in several extended pulses, directly attributable to regional tectonic events. The combination of these elements with well-developed structural and stratigraphic fairways resulted in remarkably efficient migration of large volumes of oil and gas, which accumulated along the flanks of thick sedimentary depocenters.At least four proven and potential hydrocarbon source rocks contribute to oil and gas accumulations. Cretaceous oil-prone, marine source rocks, and Miocene oil- and gas-prone, paralic source rocks are well documented. We used reservoired oils, seeps, organic-rich rocks, and fluid inclusions to identify probable Jurassic hypersaline-lacustrine, and Albian carbonate source rocks. Hydrocarbon maturation began during the Early Miocene in the present-day Serrania del Interior, as the Caribbean plate moved eastward relative to South America. Large volumes of hydrocarbons expelled during this period were lost due to lack of effective traps and seals. By the Middle Miocene, however, when source rocks from the more recent foredeeps began to mature, reservoir, migration pathways, and topseal were in place. Rapid, tectonically driven burial created the opportunity for unusually efficient migration and trapping of these later-expelled hydrocarbons. The generally eastward migration of broad depocenters across Venezuela was supplemented by local, tectonically induced subsidence. These subsidence patterns and later migration resulted in the mixing of hydrocarbons from different source rocks, and in a complex map pattern of variable oil quality that was further modified by biodegradation, late gas migration, water washing, and subsequent burial.The integration of plate tectonic reconstructions with the history of source rock deposition and maturation provides significant insights into the genesis, evolution, alteration, and demise of Eastern Venezuela hydrocarbon systems. We used this analysis to identify additional play potential associated with probable Jurassic and Albian hydrocarbon source rocks, often overlooked in discussions of Venezuela. The results suggest that oils associated with likely Jurassic source rocks originated in restricted, rift-controlled depressions lying at high angles to the eventual margins of the South Atlantic, and that Albian oils are likely related to carbonate deposition along these margins, post-continental break up. In terms of tectonic history, the inferred Mesozoic rift system is the eastern continuation of the Espino Graben, whose remnant structures underlie both the Serrania del Interior and the Gulf of Paria, where thick evaporite sections have been penetrated. The pattern of basin structure and associated Mesozoic deposition as depicted in the model has important implications for the Mesozoic paleogeography of northern South America and Africa, Cuba and the Yucatan and associated new play potential.  相似文献   

19.
The northern East China Sea Shelf Basin consists of three depressions (the Domi, Jeju, and Socotra Depressions), separated by basement highs or rises. Reconstruction of depth-converted seismic reflection profiles from these depressions reveals that the northern East China Sea Shelf Basin experienced two phases of rifting, followed by regional subsidence. Initial rifting in the Late Cretaceous was driven by the NW?CSE crustal stretching of the Eurasian plate, caused by the subduction of the Pacific plate beneath the plate margin. Major extension (~15 km) took place during the early phase of basin formation. The initial rifting was terminated by regional uplift in the Late Eocene-Early Oligocene, which was probably due to reorganization of plate boundaries. Rifting resumed in the Early Oligocene; the magnitude of extension was mild (<1 km) during this period. A second phase of uplift in the Early Miocene terminated the rifting, marking the transition to the postrift phase of regional subsidence. Up to 2,600 m of sediments and basement rock were removed by erosion during and after the second phase of uplift. An inversion in the Late Miocene interrupted the postrift subsidence, resulting in an extensive thrust-fold belt in the eastern part of the area. Subsequent erosion removed about 900 m of sediments. The regional subsidence has dominated the area since the Late Miocene.  相似文献   

20.
琼东南盆地中央峡谷的形态及成因   总被引：11，自引：0，他引：11  
琼东南盆地中央峡谷平面上呈"S"型、NE向展布,西起莺歌海盆地中央凹陷带,经乐东凹陷、陵水凹陷、松南凹陷、宝岛凹陷、长昌凹陷,向东延伸进入西沙海槽。剖面形态上存在"V"型、"W"型、"U"型和复合型等4种类型。通过不同区域峡谷下切底界面的形态变化及充填特征,将中央峡谷划分为东段、西段和转换段3个区段,转换段与琼东南盆地的构造转换段相一致,即以西地区控凹断裂为NE向,而以东地区控凹断裂渐变为NEE或EW向。琼东南盆地中央峡谷的成因与构造作用和深水沉积作用关系密切,峡谷东段主要受构造作用控制,特别是深部隆起的存在为黄流期中央峡谷的形成提供了"限制性"作用,并且为后期中央峡谷的发育提供了"限制性通道";西段则受深水沉积作用的控制,重力流沉积为中央峡谷的下切和充填提供了来源。每期中央峡谷的形成均稍早于或与该时期陆坡的发育同期,最早形成于盆地东部,并随陆坡的持续向西迁移表现为不断向西上溯,下切能力逐渐减弱。  相似文献   

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