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1.
潮滩海域边界适应网格潮流数值模型   总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1  
在河口潮滩海域水动力学问题的计算中,为了模拟复杂的地形和岸形,最好采用边界适应坐标和小空间步长的高分辨率计算网格。由此带来的问题是,在非正交的边界适应坐标系中,如果继续采用直角坐标系中的速度分量做为求解未知量,不但给方程组的隐式求解带来困难,而且使潮滩上海水漫滩的干湿格点判断准则变得十分繁琐。本文导出了任意曲线坐标系下普遍适用的速度逆变张量和水位所满足的动力学方程组,从而实现了非正交曲线坐标系下交替方向隐式差分格式,使得在高分辨率的边界适应网格中,仍可采用大时间步长进行计算。速度逆变张量方程的导出同时给潮滩上动边界的实现带来了方便。文中通过数值试验,针对模型的稳定性和精确性与以往显式的适应性网格模型做了详尽的比较研究,从而证实该模型是一种研究河口潮滩动力学问题精确而高效的数值计算模型。  相似文献   

2.
建立一个σ坐标系下三维非线性斜压浅海与陆架模式,并首次应用于夏季长江冲淡水扩展的研究。模式计算区域为整个东中国海,水平分辨率为7.5′×7.5′,垂向分辨率为11层,考虑实际海岸形状和海底地形,在空间完全交错的网格系统上,离散化控制方程组,采用ADI计算方法数值求解。动量方程中的非线性项采用二次能量守恒的半动量格式,温盐方程中的平流项采用迎风格式,垂向涡动扩散项采用隐式。数值试验结果基本再现了伸向东北的冲淡水舌和东中国海的环流结构  相似文献   

3.
三维斜压台风模式Ⅰ.数值方法   总被引:3,自引:1,他引:2       下载免费PDF全文
一种多重移动套网格斜压台风模式已被应用于海洋环境数值预报.模式采用σ坐标系的原始方程组作为控制方程.现在用于国家海洋环境预报中心的模式垂直方向为非等距4层,水平方向为Arakawa B型格式,所采用的差分格式满足动量和能量守恒原理.模式控制方程组分离成平流过程和适应过程二组方程,并根据大气运动不同过程的特性,分别采用不同的时间步长和不同的积分方法.预报和后报结果显示该数值方法不仅可以缩短机时,而且可以得到稳定的预报结果.  相似文献   

4.
海洋流体动力学的一种交替方向隐式二维数值模式   总被引:7,自引:2,他引:5  
潘海  方国洪 《海洋学报》1995,17(5):21-31
本文提出一种计算浅海潮汐、风暴潮及其他长周期波动的二维数值模式.动力学方程用建立在交错网格上的二步差分子方程近似,两步均为隐格式,其中一步用于计算水位和x方向速度分量,另一步计算水位和y方向速度分量.两步交替进行以获得每一时间步长的值,该格式具有二阶精度.文章用Von Neumann方法证明了该计算格式的线性差分方程是无条件稳定的.为检验数值模式的可靠性,本文作了一系列数值实验.在有一开边界的长方形平底和斜底水域中以开边界处周期性振动和海面处定常风应力驱动下,数值模拟所得结果与解析解完全一致;在水深不连续,边界封闭的矩形水域中,水位对定常风响应的数值解也与Leendertse模式计算结果完全一致.模式还用于对南海风暴潮进行后报,良好地再现了风暴增水过程.  相似文献   

5.
具有潮滩移动边界的浅海环流有限元模型   总被引:6,自引:3,他引:3  
本文基于二维化浅水动力学方程组,运用伽辽金加权余量法导出计算浅水环流的有限元公式.对计算区域采用三角单元剖分,用线性插值函数逼近流速及水位,使用集中质量法以代替求解大型代数方程组的过程.通过建立陆水边界位置与瞬时水位的相关关系,解决了陆水边界线移动的数学处理问题.对于运动方程中的底摩擦项和科氏力项采用隐式格式,从而改善了模型的数值稳定性.对皮口沿岸潮流场的数值分析,较好地再现了该海区的实际流况,从而证明了本文所建立的环流模型具有良好的重现性.皮口港扩建工程流场预测应用实例说明了本模型可以用来解决小尺度潮滩海区的流场预测问题,在海洋开发活动中具有广泛的应用前景.  相似文献   

6.
三维斜压台风模式I.数值方法   总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1       下载免费PDF全文
一种多重移动套网格斜压台风模式已被应用于海洋环境数值预报。模式采用坐标系的原始方程组作为控制方程。现在用于国家海洋环境预报中心的模式垂直方向为非等距4层,水平方向为ArakawaB型格式,所采用的差分格式满足动量和能量守恒原理。模式控制方程组分离成平流过程和适应过程二组方程,并根据大气运动不同过程的特性,分别采用不同的时间步长和不同的积分方法。预报和后报结果显示该数值方法不仅可以缩短机时,而且可以得到稳定的预报结果。  相似文献   

7.
基于一维阻尼潮波传播方程解析解,从求解数值格式及Heuristic稳定性分析方面,讨论了数值解的精度、计算耗时和摩阻系数选取等问题。研究结果表明:1)Courant数小于1时,潮波方程显格式解的精度略高于隐格式解,计算耗时少于隐格式解;2)为减少计算耗时,潮波方程的隐格式解允许较大的时间步长,但解的精度有所降低,须通过减小底床摩阻系数以保证计算精度;3)隐格式解摩阻系数的选取与Courant数有关,Courant数越大,摩阻系数的选取值比实际值越小,通过理论分析结合数值试验得到了相应的关系式。这些研究结论对实际海域的潮波传播的数值模拟具有重要的应用价值。  相似文献   

8.
依据自由海面海洋动力学原始方程建立了一种三维有限差分数值模式,可用于潮波、风暴潮和海流的数值模拟和预报。运动方程和连续方程的数值格式采用内、外模态分离的技术。外模态采用交替方向隐格式,用于计算海面高度和垂直平均流速,时间步长不受Courant-Friderichs-Lewy条件限制;内模态采用半隐格式,用于计算海流的垂直2颁布,其时间步长可大于外模态时间步长。模式的计算程度比一般显式模式可快10倍  相似文献   

9.
风暴潮漫滩的半隐半显数值模式及其在珠江口的应用   总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2  
杜涛  方国洪 《海洋与湖沼》1998,29(6):617-624
研究给出了风暴潮漫滩预报的一种半隐半显数值模式,并将其用于珠江口风暴潮漫滩的后报。该模式将风暴潮漫滩的控制方程进行半隐半显离散,使计算稳定性不受时间步长的限制;分别用共轭斜量加速Jacobi法和文中提出的简化算法求解差分方程以提高计算效率。数值模拟试验表明:该模式计算的沿岸风暴潮与天文耦合水位与实测水位值吻合较好,因而对漫滩位置,范围和持续时间的计算应是合理,准确的;因模式允许使用的时间步长比AD  相似文献   

10.
实际工程中存在大量的曲边界,因此在曲边界上的计算准确性可以考察出一个数值模型的实用价值。利用Beji的改进型Boussinesq方程建立了一个有限元方法的数值波浪模型。造波方面采用Fenton提出的非线性规则波浪解;在墙边界处,以求解法线方向和切线方向的速度和导数代替求解x、y方向的速度和导数,从而使边界条件直接适用、严格满足,保证了对曲边界计算的准确性。"重开始广义极小残量法"的使用保证了求解方程组的效率和精度,使造波和边界处理方法的有效性和准确性得到了合理地诠释。通过与试验数据、他人数值结果、解析解的比对,显示出该模型计算稳定、结果准确,真正体现出了有限元方法对曲边界适用的优势。  相似文献   

11.
lNTRODUCTIONAsoneofthenumericalcalculationmethodsinvolvingfluiddynamicsinnearshoreareas,theboundaryfittedgridmethodhasmanyadvantagessuchasfittingboundaries,beingsuitableforengineeringconstructionswithsmallscalesandimprovingtheaccuracybydensifyinggridpointsintheinterestedareas'Incomparisonwiththefiniteelementmethodwithnon-uniformgrids,theboundary-fittedgridmodelismorewidelyusedbecauseofitssuperioritiesinusingthematurefi-nitedifferenceschemeandinoccupyingsma1lcomputermemory(Sheng,l986;Haase.…  相似文献   

12.
Fine grids with small spacing in boundary-fitted coordinates are normally used to treat thecomputation of fluid dynamics for estuarine areas and tidal flats.However,the adoption of Cartesian com-ponents of velocity vectors in this kind of non-orthogonal coordinates will definitely result in a diffculty insolving implicitly the transformed momentum equations,and also complicate the wet-dry point judgementused for flood areas.To solve this problem,equations in terms of generalized contravariant velocityvectors in curvilinear coordinates are derived in the present study,by virtue of which,anAlternative-Direction-Implicit numerical scheme in non-orthogonal grids would then be easily obtained,and wet-dry point judgement would as well be largely simplified.A comparison is made between the explic-it scheme and implicit scheme,showing that the present model is accurate and numerically stable for com-putations of fluid dynamics for estuarine areas and tidal flats.  相似文献   

13.
A vertical (laterally averaged) two-dimensional hydrodynamic model is developed for tides, tidal current, and salinity in a branched estuarine system. The goveming equations are solved with the hydrostatic pressure distribution assumption and the Boussinesq approximation. An explicit scheme is employed to solve the continuity equations. The momentum and mass balance equations are solved implicitly in the Cartesian coordinate system. The tributaries are govemed by the same dynamic equations. A control volume at the junctions is designed to conserve mass and volume transport in the finite difference schemes, based on the physical principle of continuum medium of fluid. Predictions by the developed model are compared with the analytic solutions of steady wind-driven circulatory flow and tidal flow. The model results for the velocities and water surface elevations coincide with analytic results. The model is then applied to the Tanshui River estuarine system. Detailed model calibration and verification have been conducted with measured water surface elevations,tidal current, and salinity distributions. The overall performance of the model is in qualitative agreement with the available field data. The calibrated and verified numerical model has been used to quantify the tidal prism and flushing rate in the Tanshui River-Tahan Stream, Hsintien Stream, and Keelung River.  相似文献   

14.
1 IntroductionThe shallow water equations (SWE) are frequent-ly used as a mathematical model for water flows incoastal areas, lakes, estuaries, etc. Thus, they are animportant tool to simulate a variety of problems relat-ed to coastal engineering, environment, ecology, etc.(Bermúdez et al., 1998). On the basis of solving theone-dimensional (1D) SWE, Hu et al. (2000) have de-veloped a model capable of simulating storm wavespropagating in the coastal surf zone and overtopping asea wall. Ano…  相似文献   

15.
—In this paper,integrating the Yangtze Estuary with the Hangzhou Bay,a 2-D velocity fieldmodel is established.In the model,fine self-adaptive grids are employed to adapt to the complicated coast-al shape.The hydrodynamic equations satisfied by two contravariant components of velocity vector andsurface elevation in non-orthogonal curvilinear coordinates are used.In each momentum equation thecoefficients before the two partial derivatives of surface elevation with respect to variables of alternative di-rection coordinates have different orders of magnitude,i.e.,the derivative with the larger coefficient mayplay a more important role than that with the smaller one.With this advantage,the ADI scheme can beeasily employed.The hydrodynamic factors include tidal current,river runoff and wind-induced current.In terms of tidal current,seven main constituents in the area are considered in the open boundaries.Theverifications of surface elevation process and current velocity process in the spring tide and in the n  相似文献   

16.
The Saint-Venant system of partial differential equations is solved by a pure finite-element method, in which integrations in both space and time are performed by utilizing Galerkin's procedure. With a special treatment of the non-linear terms, the problem is finally reduced to a linear system of algebraic equations that is solved by the conjugate gradient algorithm. This implicit scheme is proved, by numerical experiments, to be unconditionally stable. The reliability of the method is investigated by comparison of the numerical results with experimental data. Also the accuracy of the model is tested against analytical solutions for simplified cases of the unsteady free surface flow equations.  相似文献   

17.
A physical formulation of the problem is considered. A mathematical model and a numerical algorithm of the turbulence model as part of the ocean circulation model for simulations for decades are formulated. The model is based on the evolution equations for turbulent kinetic energy (TKE) and the frequency of its viscous dissipation. A numerical solution algorithm for both the circulation model and the turbulence model is based on implicit schemes of splitting with respect to physical processes and geometric coordinates. For the turbulence model, this provided analytical solutions at a splitting step related to TKE generation and dissipation. Numerical experiments have been performed with a model of the joint circulation of the North Atlantic, the Arctic Ocean, and the Bering Sea to reproduce the annual cycle and synoptic disturbances of ocean characteristics. The model has a resolution of 0.25° in latitude and longitude and 40 levels in the vertical, which are compressed toward the surface to reproduce the process of developed turbulence better. The results are compared with observations and with the results of simulations using traditional parameterizations of the upper ocean mixing. It is shown that the model reproduces ocean characteristics correctly, only slightly increasing the computation time in comparison with simple parameterizations. Spatial and temporal characteristics of turbulence are analyzed.  相似文献   

18.
赵明  滕斌 《中国海洋工程》2004,18(2):267-280
The incompressible viscous uniform and shear flow past a circular cylinder is studied. The two-dimensional Navier-Stokes equations are solved by a finite element method. The governing equations are discretized by a weighted residual method in space. The stable three-step scheme is applied to the momentum equations in the time integration. The numerical model is firstly applied to the computation of the lid-driven cavity flow for its validation. The computed results agree well with the measured data and other numerical results. Then, it is used to simulate the viscous uniform and shear flow over a circular cylinder for Reynolds numbers from lO0 to lO00. The transient time interval before the vortex shedding occurs is shortened considerably by introduction of artificial perturbation. The computed Strouhal number, drag and lift coefficients agree well with the experimental data. The computation shows that the finite element model can be successfully applied to the viscous flow problem.  相似文献   

19.
极浅海域潮流数值模型   总被引:9,自引:0,他引:9  
通过对以往的浅水环流数值模型进行改进,建立适用于极浅水域的且能达到较高分辨率的潮汐环流数值模型。模型的主要特点是:(1)通过改进海底摩擦项的表达式来克服传统的二次方律在极浅的潮滩区所产生的不稳定问题;(2)采用逆风格式处理动量方程中的平流项,有效地抑制由于岸边界移动引起的数值短波的扩散。结合老虎滩湾海上工程的需要,利用本模型进行一系列的数值模拟试验。经过实测资料验证表明,改进后的模型具有良好的稳定  相似文献   

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