共查询到18条相似文献，搜索用时 93 毫秒
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本文选取东马里亚纳海盆与CC区中国多金属结核合同区西区的多金属结核样品,采用ICP-OES、ICP-MS以及XRD等测试方法对结核表层进行了地球化学与矿物学分析,并探讨了东马里亚纳海盆结核成因以及其主要成矿元素含量的控制因素。结果表明,结核具备水成型结核的主、微量元素特征,并受到成岩作用的影响。结核上下表层各元素含量差异明显,上表层Fe、Co、P等多数主量元素及∑REYs含量均高于下表层,而Mn、Cu、Ni等元素含量在下表层明显增加。根据结核矿物学以及海洋环境特征,并结合前人数据统计分析认为,东马里亚纳海盆结核样品中Mn、Ni、Cu、Co、Fe、Ce的品位主要受控于Mn矿物组成、底层海水溶解氧和表层海水初级生产力,La、Y等稀土元素品位还受到洋中脊热液活动的制约。 相似文献
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本文根据1983年锰结核调查航次中所取得的结核样品资料,探讨了各种形态锰结核中Mn、Fe、Cu、Co、Ni等金属含量,认为锰结核表面特征对于其金属含量的影响较之锰结核形状差别的影响更加重要,粗糙型结核或结核的粗糙面中Mn、Cu、Ni含量较高,而光滑型结核或结核的光滑面中Co、Fe较富。此外,还探讨了金属成分和矿物成分的联系。 相似文献
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多金属结核化学成分组成的差异能够反映其赋存环境的差异与变化，也能够指示结核的成因。利用ICP—MS方法分析了分布于南海西北陆缘、太平洋、印度洋等不同区域的多金属结核样品的地球化学组成，并对其特征进行了对比。研究数据显示，南海西北陆缘多金属结核富Fe、Si、REE，而Mn、Co、Cu、Ni含量低于大洋结核，轻稀土元素（LREE）更为富集。依据结核TMn／TFe的比值特征以及w（Mn）-w（Fe）-w（Cu＋Ni）三组特征显示，南海结核和太平洋海山结核符合水成成因，太平洋海盆结核属成岩成因，印度洋结核具有成岩和水成双重成因。与太平洋、印度洋等大洋型结核不同，南海结核元素组成中，标识陆源物质来源的Fe、Si、REE、Al等元素含量丰富，具有典型的边缘海特征，反映了南海结核成长发育的过程中，边缘海独特的沉积条件和多变的古海洋环境因素对其产生了重要的影响。 相似文献
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多金属结核化学成分组成的差异能够反映其赋存环境的差异与变化,也能够指示结核的成因.利用ICP-MS方法分析了分布于南海西北陆缘、太平洋、印度洋等不同区域的多金属结核样品的地球化学组成,并对其特征进行了对比.研究数据显示,南海西北陆缘多金属结核富Fe、Si、REE,而Mn、Co、Cu、Ni含量低于大洋结核,轻稀土元素(LREE)更为富集.依据结核TMn/TFe的比值特征以及w(Mn)-w(Fe)-w(Cu Ni)三组特征显示,南海结核和太平洋海山结核符合水成成因,太平洋海盆结核属成岩成因,印度洋结核具有成岩和水成双重成因.与太平洋、印度洋等大洋型结核不同,南海结核元素组成中,标识陆源物质来源的Fe、Si、REE、Al等元素含量丰富,具有典型的边缘海特征,反映了南海结核成长发育的过程中,边缘海独特的沉积条件和多变的古海洋环境因素对其产生了重要的影响. 相似文献
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南海铁锰结核(壳)的元素地球化学研究 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
本文利用南海11个铁锰结核(壳)样品的化学分析资料,研究了铁锰结核(壳)中Fe,Mn,Cu,Co,Ni,Pb,Zn,Cr,K,Na,Ca,Mg,Si,P,Al,Ti,Sr,Ba及∑REE的元素地球化学特征。结果表明:(1)铁锰结核(壳)以高Fe,∑REE,低Mn,Cu,Co,Ni等元素为主要特征;(2)铁锰结核(壳)中Fe,Mn间无明显相关,而Fe与∑REE,∑Ce,∑Y呈弱的正相关,Mn与∑REE,∑Ce,∑Y呈明显的正相关,结壳中Fe,Mn与Si,Al,Cu Co Ni呈负相关;(3)结核(壳)中Mn/Fe与Cu/Ni,Ce/La呈负相关,Mn/Fe主要受Mn控制;(4)结核(壳)中Fe,∑REE等元素主要来自南海陆源中酸性岩类的风化、淋滤和沉积。 相似文献
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西太平洋深海盆地同时发育多金属结核和富稀土沉积物,但针对多金属结核及其表层沉积物之间关系的研究较少。通过多金属结核-表层沉积物地球化学分析,揭示关键金属元素在结核、沉积物中的富集和分馏过程,探讨沉积过程与环境对多金属结核生长的影响。研究区多金属结核具有相对高的Co、REY含量,低的Mn/Fe比值,显示为典型的水成成因。主成分分析及相关性分析结果指示结核的成矿过程是在水成作用、成岩作用以及陆地碎屑、生物碎屑输入的作用下,Fe-Mn氧化物对海水及孔隙水中各类金属元素的选择性富集。研究区表层沉积物主要为深海黏土,相较于多金属结核富集大部分金属元素,深海黏土更为富集Si、Al、Na、K等元素。沉积物中Co、Ni、Cu等金属元素的富集与Fe-Mn微结核的含量相关,而REY与磷酸盐组分更为密切。Fe-Mn氧化物组分对海水中金属元素选择性吸附形成多元素的富集及显著的Ce正异常、Y负异常,而磷酸盐组分主要继承海水的稀土特征,它们的含量决定了沉积物中金属元素及稀土元素的含量和模式。结核及沉积物在关键元素富集的过程中有相似的过程,Fe-Mn氧化物组分是二者元素富集过程的载体。研究区的低生物生产力和低沉积速... 相似文献
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富钴结壳中成矿元素的微区分布特征及其地质意义 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
采用X射线荧光光谱仪,对CCLLD27站位富钴结壳中8个主要成矿元素(Mn、Fe、Co、Cu、Si、Al、Ca和Ti元素)含量的分布特征进行了微区扫描和人工分层样品方法的分析,结果表明:(1) 成矿元素Mn、Fe、Co和Cu的微区变化很大:Mn与Co元素的微区分布特征相似,而Fe和Cu元素的微区分布特征则相反.主要造岩元素Si和Al的微区分布特征基本类似;Ca元素的微区变化较大,在近底部的基岩层其含量达到最高峰值.Ti元素的微区分布特征与Mn、Co元素微区分布特征接近.(2) 微区扫描与人工分层样品两种不同测试方法所得的结果基本一致,说明微区扫描方法具有一定的可靠性,能反映富钴结壳在不同生长时代各成矿元素含量的变化特征.(3) 富钴结壳微区元素分布特征的研究,有助于对结壳不同成矿阶段各种不同成矿作用的定性评估. 相似文献
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选择了东太平洋赤道附近的系列成岩型铁锰结核(壳)样品,根据其中的矿物相的种类,利用化学上的相分析手段——选择性提取实验,借助晶体化学和矿物学手段对过渡金属元素Cu、Co、Ni、Ti和碱土金属元素Mg在成岩型铁锰结核中的地球化学特征进行了研究。结果显示,元素Cu、Co、Ni、Ti和Mg等元素在成岩型铁锰结核中的富集受这些元素在海水中的存在状态和结核中组成矿物这两方面因素的制约。成岩型结核中10-水锰矿结构的稳定性并不完全是由于其充分吸收了Cu、Co、Ni等过渡金属元素,碱土金属Mg对于10-水锰矿结构的稳定性起到了重要作用。 相似文献
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东北太平洋中国合同区悬浮颗粒物元素地球化学 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
利用ICP-MS对东北太平洋中国合同区3个测站分层采集的悬浮颗粒物的元素组成进行了测试,对Na、Mg、Al、Ca、Ti、Mn、Fe、Co、Cu、Sr、Ba和Pb等12种元素的含量分布及其地球化学特征进行了研究和对比。结果表明,水体中悬浮体总量(TSM)一般低于0.3mg/dm3,12种元素含量从几百到不足0.01μg/dm3。其分布以500和5000m为界可分为3层。元素中Al和Ti可作为陆源元素指标,Sr和Ba可作为生源元素指标,Pb主要来源于人类活动。在西区,Na、Mg和Ca主要为生源元素,Mn、Fe、Co和Cu主要为陆源元素。在东区,Na、Mg和Cu为多源元素,Ca、Mn、Fe和Co以陆源为主。颗粒物物源及供应量是颗粒物和元素含量分布的控制因素。西小区海底火山活动强烈是影响两区元素组分差异的直接因素之一。 相似文献
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Manganese nodule distribution is primarily influenced by seafloor topography. Nodule distribution at 479 locations vis‐à‐vis seabed topography is studied by superimposing sampling location on the topographic profile and assigning appropriate domain (hilltop, valley, slope, or plain) for the sampling location. Highest mean abundance is observed at the valleys (6.94 kg /m2), followed by hilltops, slopes, and least on plains. Frequency distributions are regular (Gaussian) on plains, whereas on valleys and hilltops they are irregular (Rayleigh type). Fe and Co content is highest in nodules from hilltops and lowest in those from plains. Conversely, Mn, Cu, and Ni content is highest on plains and least on valleys. Fe: Mn and Co: Mn are negatively correlated in all the domains. Mn and total metal content (Ni + Cu + Co) show direct relationship in all the domains. An inverse relation between nodule abundance and composition is found. Cluster analysis on chemical and abundance data shows two distinct groups in all domains. Abundance and Fe and Co content typically form one group, while all other elements form another group. Genesis of nodules depends on the availability of supply of transition elements to the abyssal environment, maintenance of nodules in the sediment‐water interface, and sedimentation rates. 相似文献
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Abstract Studies on different‐sized polymetallic nodules from the Central Indian Ocean Basin reveal that chemical composition is largely related to the nodule diameter which show systematic decrease in Mn, Cu, and Ni content with increase in nodule size. S and I type nodules are more abundant than B, L, and V types. Nodules grouped according to their size have common morphological, mineralogical, and geochemical characteristics and all six groups have distinguishing properties. There is evidence which suggests that the smaller (M and I) nodules are diagenetic and the larger (S, B, L, and V) are hydrogenetic, exhibiting variations in todorokite abundance and in chemical composition. There is also substantial evidence that the nodules of high economic value (Cu + Ni + Co%) can be sorted out on the basis of simple morphological parameters. 相似文献
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近年南海西北陆缘西沙东北海域发现大型多金属结核,尽管其外观与大洋结核别无二致,具有个体大、外部形态规整、层状结构清晰的特点,但其地球化学组成与大洋多金属结核存在明显差别:TMn/TFe的比值小,仅为0.73,富Fe、Si、Al、稀土元素而贫Mn、Cu、Co、Ni。Be同位素质谱法测年和钙质超微生物地层学方法研究表明,结核生长速度达7.41～15.38 mm/Ma,远大于大洋多金属结核的平均生长速率和以前发现于南海北部的多金属结核。依据其综合特征,初步认定其为边缘海区域赋存的一种新型多金属结核。该类型结核所蕴含丰富的边缘海区域古海洋、古气候、古环境信息,有助于探讨新生代末期青藏高原隆升、东亚季风加强、北半球冰期发生等重大地质事件所引起的区域沉积响应。 相似文献
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Influence of regional and local topography on the distribution of polymetallic nodules in Central Indian Ocean Basin 总被引：3，自引：0，他引：3
Vijay Kodagali 《Geo-Marine Letters》1988,8(3):173-178
Detailed bathymetric surveys from part of the Central Indian Ocean revealed several bathymetric features such as hills, slopes,
valleys, and plains. Areas with a local relief of a few to hundreds of meters generally have a high abundance of polymetallic
nodules with a patchy distribution. Areas with less relief have lesser abundance but a regular distribution. North-south topographic
profiles have a smoother sea floor than the east-west ones. Near the minor faults, the abundance is high. Mn,Ni,Mn/Fe levels
are higher in the plain areas, and rough terrains have high Fe,Co and low Mn/Fe levels. 相似文献
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Chan Min Yoo Jongmin Joo Sang Hoon Lee Youngtak Ko Sang-Bum Chi Hyung Jeek Kim Inah Seo Kiseong Hyeong 《Ocean Science Journal》2018,53(2):381-394
A high level of confidence in resource data is a key prerequisite for conducting a reliable economic feasibility study in deep water seafloor mining. However, the acquisition of accurate resource data is difficult when employing traditional point-sampling methods to assess the resource potential of polymetallic nodules, given the vast size of the survey area and high spatial variability in nodule distribution. In this study, we analyzed high-resolution acoustic backscatter intensity images to estimate nodule abundance and increase confidence levels in nodule abundance data. We operated a 120 kHz deep-towed sidescan sonar (DSL-120) system (1×1 m resolution) across a 75 km2 representative area in the Korean Exploration Area for polymetallic nodules in the Northeastern Equatorial Pacific. A deep-towed camera system was also run along two tracks in the same area to estimate the abundance of polymetallic nodules on the seafloor. Backscatter data were classified into four facies based on intensity. The facies with the weakest and strongest backscatter intensities occurred in areas of high slope gradient and basement outcrops, respectively. The backscatter intensities of the two other facies correlated well with the nodule abundances estimated from still-camera images. A linear fit between backscatter intensity and mean nodule abundance for 10 zones in the study area yielded an excellent correlation (r2 = 0.97). This allowed us to compile a map of polymetallic nodule abundance that shows greater resolution than a map derived from the extrapolation of point-sampling data. Our preliminary analyses indicate that it is possible to greatly increase the confidence level of nodule resource data if the relationship between backscatter intensity and nodule abundance is reliably established. This approach has another key advantage over point sampling and image analyses in that detailed maps of mining obstacles along the seafloor are produced when acquiring data on the abundance of polymetallic nodules. The key limitation of this work is a poor correlation between nodule coverage, as observed from photographs, and nodule abundance. Significant additional ground truth sampling using well located box cores should be completed to determine whether or not there is a real correlation between the backscatter and abundance. 相似文献
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A sampling expedition has shown that largely hydrogenetic marine ferromanganese deposits occur in the Christmas Island region south of Java (~10°S), as small nodules on seamount slopes and abyssal plains (red clay), and as thick crusts on volcanic ridges and seamounts. Vernadite is dominant, with birnessite, jacobsite and todorokite common. Nodules were recovered in 25% of free-fall grab stations in water 4600-5900 m deep, and are not abundant where present. The nodules average 9.6% Fe, 19.7% Mn, 0.51% Ni, 0.49% Cu, and 0.12% Co. Crusts are common in water 1450-3700 m deep, with average deposition rates of 1-1.5 mm / m.y. The crusts average 13.9% Fe, 16.2% Mn, 0.35% Ni, 0.11% Cu, and 0.44% Co. Cobalt grades are higher (~0.8%) in shallower water ( < 2500 m), so future exploration should concentrate on depths of 500-1500 m near the oxygen minimum zone. 相似文献