共查询到18条相似文献，搜索用时 171 毫秒
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深海脉冲传播多途效应显著,直达波受海洋环境影响较大。基于南海某海域深水试验数据,采用Butterworth带通滤波器识别目标信号,进而分析近、中、远距离处VLA接收到的信号特征,并根据射线理论解释多途效应、直达波特征规律。结果表明:近距离目标信号可分为直达波及两次海底反射波;中距离可分为直达波与三次海底反射波;远距离目标信号弱,反射波特征不明显。其中,直达波声强显著低于第一次海底反射波,受夏季海面波导的影响,近表层深度处的直达波强度最大;50~200m深度层在强跃层控制下,声线向下弯曲,直达波信号随深度增加逐渐减弱;随传播距离增加,直达波逐渐减弱消失。 相似文献
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在深海汇聚区声场中,不同初始角的声线在传播过程中因折射程度差异形成特定的焦散结构。根据射线理论推导了线性剖面条件下用F算子表示的声线轨迹模型,并讨论了焦散结构与掠射角及声源-接收深度配置的变化关系。折射型焦散线由0°~5°的小角度声线构成,为波导结构;反射型焦散线由掠射角为±(5°~10°)的声线构成,为折线结构,且上行与下行声线的焦散线结构明显不同。应用BELLHOP模型分析得出了汇聚区增益与声源-接收深度条件的变化关系,并根据射线到达结构和焦散特征提出了一种确定汇聚区位置和范围的方法。 相似文献
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利用海底地震仪（OBS）记录的水层多次波对加拿大西部近海的海底结构进行成像，将成像结果与常规一次反射数据成像结果对比。这一多次波偏移成像（镜像成像）方法利用了海底之上的下行压力波场，其特点是数据完全不含任何一次反射的信息，而是由这些反射的虚反射信息构成了接收信号。镜像成像方法是利用针对一次反射波的克希霍夫叠前深度偏移算法对接收的虚反射数据进行成像。通过对数据和速度模型的一个简单处理：假定检波器不位于海底而是位于海面上二倍于水深的高度位置，可以解决穿越水层的多次波的附加传播路径。偏移结果表明，与利用一次反射波成像的常规方法结果相比，尤其在反射体很浅且OBS间距稀疏时，多次波偏移成像方法对海底下的结构提供了更宽的照明。镜像偏移方法的成像结果与垂直入射的漂缆数据（单道）在照明度上是相当的。 相似文献
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《海洋地质与第四纪地质》2017,(3)
南黄海崂山隆起的中、新生代碎屑岩与下伏的古生代碳酸盐岩地层分界面是一个强反射界面,对地震波向下传播具有强烈的屏蔽作用,加之海上多次波比较发育,使得深部地震反射能量弱、成像困难。在浅水区,由于缺少近偏移距的海底反射信号,利用常规SRME(Surface related multiple elimination)方法不能有效地衰减海底相关多次波,Taup域预测反褶积压制多次波会破坏与海底多次波周期相近的一次有效反射信号,特别在硬海底多次波的振幅能量比海底反射还更强,这种情况下预测反褶积不能完全压制多次波。采用DWD+SRME组合法来衰减海底相关多次波,其中DWD(deterministic water-layer demultiple)方法用来衰减与海底相关的短周期多次波,SRME方法压制自由表面相关的长周期多次波,另外运用高精度Radon变换去除层间多次波,使多次波得到了良好的压制,深部有效反射信号逐步得以体现。通过以上处理效果揭示了崂山隆起为一个平缓的背斜构造,背斜上发育多个逆冲断裂,崂山隆起是在加里东期形成雏形,印支期隆起形成,燕山期为主要发展阶段。 相似文献
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海底沉积物物理特性参数的研究对海洋资源开发、海底工程建设、海地测绘、海洋灾害预报、海底历史研究、航运国防等具有重要意义.它可由对出海采样的样品直接进行土工实验获取,或者经测量得到的声学特性参数表征.目前海底沉积物探测主要以声学测量为主,通过接收透射、反射、折射的声波后提取出声学特性而成,包括压缩波速、切变波速(液体不存在)、声波阻抗、声衰减.针对传统的走时法由于人工读取起跳点造成声速的精确度不高这一特点,引出小波分析方法读取起跳点,应用小波分解原始信号得到的细节信号的模极大值连线来确定原始信号的畸变点,从而确定为接收声信号的起跳点以计算声速. 相似文献
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海底沉积物声衰减同轴差距衰减测量法与其他测量方法的对比研究 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
以精度较高的现场测量Hamilton的原位测量所得数据为标准，对比研究了钱正明的直立同轴衰减测量法、刘强的垂直轴差距衰减测量法和我们课题组的同轴差距衰减测量法等3种研究海底沉积物声衰减的实验室测量方法。通过3种实验测量方法所得数据跟Hamilton原位测量所得数据进行对比，分析了以上实验室方法的优缺点，并分析了声衰减与样品长度和测量频率的关系。同轴差距衰减测量法与直立同轴衰减测量法相比，前者在消除测量仪器和耦合衰减误差方面，以及在实验样品长度方面更合理。同轴差距衰减测量法与垂直轴差距测量法相比，同轴差距衰减测量法在原理上保证了声波传播能量接收的同轴性和同指向性，其实验数据比利用相同实验仪器的垂直轴差距测量法的数据更准确。 相似文献
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Tomoyoshi Takeuchi 《Marine Geodesy》2013,36(3-4):225-231
Abstract It is desired to track the location of an underwater data collecting platform using acoustic range data. A long‐range and high‐resolution acoustic system for underwater locating has been investigated. The system provides continuous and highly accurate tracking of a platform referenced to bottom‐mounted buoys. Each reference buoy contains an acoustic transponder, which is used to obtain ranging data from the transponder to the platform. The transponder has a signal source that is phase‐modulated by a maximal‐length binary sequence and a correlation processing unit to be capable of detecting received acoustic signals with high SNR in a noisy environment or in attenuation due to long‐range propagation, and to identify multipath acoustic signals. The acoustic system has been designed and sea tests tried. The results of that experiment have yielded capability of a submeter underwater acoustic positioning system. 相似文献
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A. Kh. Degterev 《Physical Oceanography》2007,17(5):296-302
We propose a numerical model for the evaluation of the three-dimensional scattering of sound in the sea. The model is based
on the construction of ray patterns both for the primary and secondary (scattered) radiation. The intensity of secondary radiation
is expressed via the coefficient of backward volume scattering interpreted as the fraction of backward-scattered acoustic
energy per unit length of the primary ray. It is shown that, in the first approximation, it suffices to consider the secondary
rays repeating the paths of the primary rays in the opposite direction. The attenuation of the intensity of sound along the
paths of the primary and secondary rays is taken into account. The results of numerical analysis of the reverberation signal
as a function of time are presented for various conditions (different depths of immersion of the antenna and widths of the
directional diagram and the presence of sound-scattering layers). The proposed approach can be used for the purposes of modeling
of the surface and bottom reverberation and for the solution of the inverse problems of underwater acoustics.
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Translated from Morskoi Gidrofizicheskii Zhurnal, No. 5, pp. 50–58, September–October, 2007. 相似文献
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深海海面目标单水听器被动测距方法与验证 总被引：1，自引：1，他引：0
基于射线理论分析了在深海情况下海面声源产生声场的频率-距离干涉结构,给出了影区内声场频率-距离干涉结构的近似理论表达式,分析得到影区内声场频域干涉周期随收发距离的增加而增大、随着接收水听器深度的增加而减小。因此由单水听器记录的声场干涉结构即可实现被动声源距离估计。在南海深海实验中观测到海面宽带噪声源在声场影区形成的声场干涉结构,对实验获得声场干涉结构的处理结果验证了深海声场影区干涉结构用于被动声源距离估计的有效性。与传统的匹配场被动定位方法相比,该方法不需要已知海底声学参数和大规模的拷贝场计算。 相似文献
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The Drag-type In-Situ Acoustic Measurement System (DISAMS) is a new instrument designed for rapid measurement of seabed sediment acoustic parameters, including the sediment sound velocity and acoustic attenuation coefficient. The DISAMS consists of six independent acoustic probes arranged symmetrically such that each side has one transmitting probe and two receiving probes. The entire operation is controlled and monitored in real time by a deck control unit on board, and the center frequency of the DISAMS is 30?kHz. The DISAMS can record full waveforms to determine the sound velocity and attenuation coefficient in the seabed sediment. In addition to site measurements, the DISAMS can also carry out towing measurements, resulting in improved efficiency compared with existing in-situ acoustic measurement systems. This article presents the configuration, electronics, and tests of the DISAMS in detail. Laboratory tests were conducted in a sediment pool, sea trials were carried out in the Zhoushan Islands, and sound velocity and attenuation coefficient data were obtained. The test results demonstrated that the DISAMS performed well and was able to measure the sound velocity and attenuation coefficient rapidly and accurately in both site measurements and towing measurements. 相似文献
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为研究小尺度海底沉积物样品的声衰减特性,作者提出了用声学探针测量海底沉积物声波幅值的新方法,对沉积物样品扰动小,两个测量点的距离可小于波长,为海底沉积物微观声衰减测量提供了新手段。作者用小于波长的间隔逐点测量了沉积物的压缩波幅值,数据分析表明沿沉积物柱状样全长的声衰减满足指数衰减模型。目前主要用同轴差距衰减测量法获得海底沉积物声衰减数据,但该方法不能辨识声衰减模型,因此不同海区的测量结果难以建立联系。对此作者又提出用声吸收系数反演的幅值比与声衰减系数反演的R值(两种幅值比的比值)作评价依据,分析了垂直轴差距衰减测量法获得的南海海底沉积物声衰减测量数据,发现部分沉积物样品声衰减的R值远大于1,其声衰减不满足指数衰减模型。在声衰减满足指数衰减模型的条件下,用Hamilton的声衰减和频率经验公式预报的南海沉积物声衰减比与作者用声学探针测量海底沉积物所得的声衰减比对比,通过对R值分析得出Hamilton的声衰减和频率经验公式可以预报南海沉积物声衰减比的范围。作者提出的声学探针测量海底沉积物声衰减的方法的优点是既能获得声衰减数据又能辨识声衰减模型,不同海区测量的沉积物声衰减比可用R值建立联系。 相似文献
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Lei Sun Xiangmei Meng Guanbao Li Guangming Kan Baohua Liu 《Marine Georesources & Geotechnology》2020,38(5):595-603
AbstractThe high-frequency acoustic properties of seafloor sediments are very significant in seafloor study and underwater acoustic study field. In order to measure the sound speed and the attenuation for the small-scale sediment cores more accurately, this study developed a water coupled acoustic laboratory measurement system based on Richardson-Briggs technique. This method used the correlation comparison of waveforms received in sediment core and in identical reference tubes filled with water to measure sound speed and attenuation. The sound speed and attenuation of a clayey silt sediment sample were measured using the water coupled acoustic laboratory measurement system. This frequency dependence of the sound speed and attenuation showed that the clayey silt sediment has a weak positive sound speed dispersion, while the attenuation increases with a strong positive gradient within the measurement frequency range. This study also noted that the measured sound speed ratio match well with the empirical equations from literature. The measured attenuation factor data can fall in the Hamilton’s empirical prediction range. 相似文献
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海洋中声速起伏导致水声信道发生变化,进而引起声线到达结构的变化,对水声传播及定位精度产生一定影响。为讨论这一效应,基于TDOA体制建立了考虑声线弯曲的水下目标无源定位模型,分析了声速起伏对水下声传播路径及传播时间的影响,进而研究了声速起伏对水下无源定位测量精度影响程度。结果表明:当水平传播距离较大时,声速剖面起伏对声传播路径及传播时间的影响更为显著;以典型四元阵为例,若基线长度为20 km,接收阵位于水下5 km处,在不考虑其它随机误差影响下,海洋声速起伏造成的声源定位误差量级在0.5 m以内。分析结果有助于更好地利用环境特征优化无源定位测量方案,可为高精度水下无源定位系统设计及精度评估提供依据。 相似文献