共查询到20条相似文献，搜索用时 53 毫秒
1.
随着沿海地区经济的高速发展,填海造地的需求日益旺盛,海域空间资源利用步入大规模填海开发阶段,填海造地活动引起广泛的关注,为了科学地引导填海造地开发活动,避免盲目的填海活动破坏重要的海洋生态敏感区和生态安全区。文章收集并分析大连市社会经济、海洋资源、海洋环境质量和海洋灾害等方面的现状,利用层次分析法对大连市海域空间资源的填海开发适宜性进行分区评价。最后,文章指出填海造地活动不宜在海洋资源环境敏感区进行,海洋空间资源的开发利用应维护海洋本底资源环境的生产和服务功能。 相似文献
2.
提出采用海洋资源环境承载综合指数法划定海洋资源环境超载红线区的方法。通过分析我国海洋管理分区体系现状,提出海洋资源环境超载红线区是海洋生态红线区的重要组成部分。以压力-承压-调节力为框架,建立海洋资源环境超载红线区评价指标体系和综合评价方法,给出指标标准值、权重、选择性与空间属性的确定原则,以盘锦市管辖海域为案例区,划定了海洋资源环境超载红线区。结果表明,具有调节系数的资源环境承载综合指数法较为科学地划定了案例区的资源环境超载红线区,盘锦海域超载红线区的面积占盘锦管辖海域面积的58.3%,主要分布在盘锦港口航运区、辽滨工业与城镇用海区和辽东湾农渔业区等海洋功能区内。 相似文献
3.
《海洋开发与管理》2006,23(4):F0002-F0002
国家海洋局北海分局成立于1965年,是国家海洋局派驻青岛并代表其在渤黄海海域实施海洋行政管理的机构。负责管辖北纬35°(苏鲁交界的绣针河口)以北中国海域,负责国家海洋法律、法规在本海区的监督实施,依法对黄、渤海海域实施海洋行政管理,完成国家下达的维护海洋权益、保障海洋资源的合理开发与利用、保护海洋环境、预防及减少海洋灾害等任务。近年来,北海分局海洋行政管理工作成效显著。在海域使用管理方面,完善制度建设,依法对海域使用权证书和海域论证、海底电缆管道等实施了全过程管理。在海洋环境保护方面,加大监测、监督管理力度,切实维护海洋生态环境。在海洋执法监察和维权方面,全面履行海上综合执法职能,严厉打击了违法用海行为,维护了海域使用秩序。近年来,北海分局着力加强能力建设,构筑综合保障体系。实施人才战略、优化 相似文献
4.
文章采用《海洋资源环境承载能力监测预警指标体系和技术方法指南(草案稿)》(以下简称《技术指南》)开展了天津汉沽海域海洋资源环境承载能力评估试点研究与示范性验证,验证了《技术指南》中指标体系、评估阈值与评估方法的适用性,根据验证结果提出了相应的修改建议。建议:一是调整海洋空间资源承载能力影响因子;二是海洋环境承载状况建议以区域近10年水质达标率最大值作为可载的判断标准并增加沉积物综合污染指数;三是海洋生态承载状况指标建议采用游泳动物生物量指标,增加浮游生物、底栖生物指标并建议以区域10年平均值为基准;四是生态环境风险状态考虑赤潮面积;五是指标权重值确定建议采用层次分析法。综合考虑生态系统的完整性以及区域特点重新构建了天津汉沽海域海洋资源环境承载能力评估模型,该模型得出的评估结果总体上略好于《技术指南》。上述研究成果可为进一步完善国家海洋资源环境承载能力监测预警工作提供技术支撑。 相似文献
5.
以莱州湾为例,基于GIS和地理空间模拟框架,结合海洋生态红线区分布,建立了海域使用活动对海洋生态环境的潜在压力评估模型,空间量化评估多种海域使用活动对海洋生态环境的潜在影响。结果显示,多种海域使用活动的潜在压力总体呈近岸高于远岸、湾顶>东部>西部的分布特征;压力高值区集中于距岸10 km以内海域和5 m水深以内海域;海洋特别保护区、海洋自然保护区及重要河口生态系统等类型的海洋生态红线区受到开放式养殖、围海养殖、盐业用海活动的压力较大,需要对其进行重点监控。研究揭示了莱州湾海域使用活动对海洋生态环境潜在压力的空间分布格局,为海洋生态红线落地实施和海域使用管理提供决策依据。 相似文献
6.
渤海是我国的重要内海,随着近年来环渤海区域社会经济的快速发展,渤海海洋开发利用强度进一步加强,呈现出天津滨海新区、河北曹妃甸工业园区、辽宁长兴岛临港工业区、山东龙口湾工业区等一批临海工业开发区域。本研究在系统调研渤海海岸带开发利用现状的基础上,就其中存在的主要问题,包括区域产业结构衔接错位较大、海洋经济区域布局矛盾较多、海洋产业发展模式弊端较突出、海域资源开发对环境污染较重等问题进行了深入剖析,并从制定渤海区域产业发展规划、编制海洋资源开发利用规划、优化产业结构空间布局、保护自然海岸线、加强海洋环境整治修复等方面提出综合管理渤海开发利用的建议,为渤海合理开发利用与管理提供参考。 相似文献
7.
新一轮海洋功能区划修编在即,为平衡海洋资源开发利用和资源环境可持续利用的关系,开展海洋功能区开发潜力研究成为合理确定海域功能的重要依据。本文构建了海洋功能区开发潜力评价模型,从环境生态现状、资源现状、开发现状和社会经济需求四方面选取评价指标,建立海洋功能区开发潜力评价指标体系,并选取具有代表性的江苏滨海县作为研究区,以滨海县各海洋功能区为评价单元开展了实证研究。结果表明:滨海县海洋功能区总体开发潜力较高,环境生态和资源现状等自然条件较好,开发潜力大,但海域开发现状和社会经济需求等社会条件较差,影响了海洋功能区开发的技术支持与需求。 相似文献
8.
海洋为人类生存和社会经济发展提供了重要的资源和环境条件,海洋生态适宜性研究能够评定海域的固有属性对生态保护和开发利用的适宜等级和潜力-限制因素.本研究以典型的海岛区洞头为例,构建了海洋生态适宜性评价的空间分析模型,计算得到其空间分布,进而开展了生态适宜度的功能分区;据此划分了洞头区的生态管控空间,判断了未来海域资源保护和开发利用管理的主导方向,提出了各管控区发展的资源优势及限制性因素.结果表明,洞头海域按照生态适宜度值的高低可以清晰地划分为重点保护区、一般保护区、适度开发区和优化开发区等4类功能区,分别占区域总面积的23%、50%、18%和9%;前两者为生态保护及恢复的重要区域,后两者是未来海洋资源开发利用的主要区域; 4类区域可以归并为生态保护、农渔业养殖、城镇开发3类管控功能区.本研究对开展海洋生态功能区划、协调海洋资源开发与区域生态保护的关系、构建基于生态系统的海洋综合管理模式具有重要意义. 相似文献
9.
基于GIS平台绘制莱州湾海域空间开发利用现状分布图,从海域空间开发利用结构、强度和协调性三方面对莱州湾海域空间开发利用现状进行了分析和评价。结果表明:莱州湾海域用海类型基本齐全,但是开发利用结构规模不均衡,开放式养殖、盐业和交通运输用海是其主要类型;莱州湾海域空间开发利用强度较高,呈现出中部整体东部西部海域的特点;海域开发利用活动之间及其与海洋功能区划、海域自然属性分布之间存在着不协调现象。未来,莱州湾海域开发利用需要优化调整用海结构和布局,提高产业开发利用层次;严格限制新增围填海工程,加强对自然岸线资源的保护,加大对海域环境整治和生物资源修复的支持力度。 相似文献
10.
11.
The analysis of the structure of the cryolithozone, facies, and thicknesses of the Quaternary sediments and the results of the physicochemical mathematical modeling of the modern shelf of the western part of the Laptev Sea support the influence of the Late Pleistocene glaciations on the heat conditions and the distribution of the permafrost in the area. A ～200-m thick glacier formed under aerial conditions from atmospheric precipitation represented the metamorphosed snow cover. According to the modeling, the long-living (from 60?50 to 10?4 ky) glacier reduced the thickness of the permafrost rocks in the reviewed shelf area for 280–360 m. The Holocene marine transgression additionally decreased the thickness from 50–140 m on the inner shelf to 220–350 m on the outer shelf. The modern submarine cryolithozone 450-0 m thick is wide-spread in the studied region from the coast to the shelf boundary (isobaths of 130–140 m), where it pinches out at a distance of ～380 km from the coast at a depth of ～250 m above the sea level. 相似文献
12.
We analyze the components of the carbon system of the Sevastopol bay waters and the balance of main sediment-forming substances
using the data of field investigations in 1998–2008. The interannual variations of total inorganic carbon and the equilibrium
partial pressure of carbon dioxide in the bay water are noted. An increase in the flux of carbon dioxide into the bay and
in the content of organic carbon in bottom sediments is revealed, and an explanation of this phenomenon is given. The priority
accumulation of organic carbon in the sediments of the bay is established. We assess the interannual variation in the relative
abundances of organic and inorganic carbon as an index of the carbon cycle stability. 相似文献
13.
We generalize and analyze the state of investigations of the influence of river waters on the hydrologic structure of the
Black Sea. Specific features of the water, regime and hydrography of rivers flowing into the sea, data on the discharge of
rivers, and intrayear and interyear variability of the discharge are presented. We discuss and analyze works studying the
transformation of river waters, routes of desalinized sea waters, and their influence on the thermohaline structure and dynamic
regime of the sea.
Translated by Peter V. Malyshev and Dmitry V. Malyshev 相似文献
14.
V. A. Ivanov S. P. Lyubartseva N. Mikhailova N. B. Shapiro 《Physical Oceanography》2001,11(6):509-524
We analyze the results of numerical calculations performed according to the three-dimensional interdisciplinary model of an
ecological system of the Black-Sea shelf zone near the estuary of the Danube. The complete system of equations of hydrothermodynamics
is solved together with transport equations of the advection-diffusion-reaction type used to describe the transformation of
a substance (nitrogen) between the components of the characteristic vectors of the ecosystem: plankton, detritus, and biogenic
elements (nitrates). We describe the distinctive features of the circumcontinental distribution of components obtained as
a result of numerical experiments and present arguments for the conclusion that the ecosystem of the Danube estuary water
area plays the role of a buffer zone between the press of the Danubian biogenic pollutions and the neighbouring areas of the
shelf zone and open sea.
Translated by Peter V. Malyshev and Dmitry V. Malyshev 相似文献
15.
Relationship between the path of the Kuroshio in the south of Japan and the path of the Kuroshio Extension in the east 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
A relationship between paths of the Kuroshio and Kuroshio Extension (KE) is investigated, using the satellite-derived altimetry
dataset of 1993–2008. When the Kuroshio takes the nearshore nonlarge meander path or typical large meander path and resultantly
goes through the deeper channel (about 2500 m) of the Izu-Ogasawara Ridge, the KE path adopts a relatively stable state with
the two quasi-stationary meanders. On the other hand, when the Kuroshio takes the offshore nonlarge meander path and then
passes over the shallower part of the Ridge (about 1000 m), the KE path tends to be convoluted, i.e., an unstable state. 相似文献
16.
Ten years of semistationary studies of the interaction of the ice cover and the coastal relief of the Kandalakhsa Gulf in the White Sea allowed us to reveal the peculiarities of these processes in the warm and cold years and the mechanisms of the origination of ice forms, including ice tents, which govern the character of the tidal flats. Three dynamic fast ice zones are distinguished by their geomorphological location, morphology, and ice dynamics. The dependence of the mechanisms and volumes of the enrichment of the fast ice in the sediments on the coastal zone??s relief was established. At the coast of the Kindo Peninsula (Velikaya Salma Strait), the ice mostly contains fine-sandy sediments. Coarser sediments, including boulders, are occasional and frozen into the ice at the contact of the fast ice and the bottom. At the expense of the ice??s spreading by 4?C6 times in the warm years and 2?C4 times in the cold years, several thousand tons of sediments mostly from the tidal flat??s surface (100?C700 m3 from 1 km of coast in the wide tidal flats and <50 m3 on the steep coasts) are delivered to the water area. 相似文献
17.
I. E. Timchenko A. A. Primalenny V. D. Yarin E. F. Vasechkina E. M. Igumnova 《Physical Oceanography》2001,11(4):367-378
We use many-year archival observations of hydrologic and hydrobiologic state of the Sea of Azov for the identification of
the structure of a model of its ecosystem. The ecosystem model, supplemented with expert estimates of bioresource consumption
(fish reserve), contamination level, and possible ecologic fines for violation of the sea natural state, is formalized by
the method of system dynamics. Hereat, the major part of influence functions is found in terms of observational data with
application of self-organization algorithms. We also present the results of simulated experiments with the model of the ecosystem,
which enable us to analyse scenarios of its behaviour under the influence of various external factors (wind, river discharge,
water exchange with the Black Sea, etc.).
Translated by Peter V. Malyshev and Dmitry V. Malyshev 相似文献
18.
E. L. Vinogradova 《Oceanology》2008,48(4):483-492
The spatiotemporal variability of the hydrochemical composition of the riverine runoff in nearmouth areas is presented using the example of selected rivers of the Arctic Basin. The temporal dynamics of the riverine nutrient runoff are mainly determined by the seasonal and interseasonal variations in the drainage basins. The spatial variations in the chemical composition of riverine waters in the near-mouth areas are mainly caused by the dynamics of the water flow and the river bed relief and, to a lesser degree, by biochemical processes. It is shown that the variations in the nutrient composition of the waters in near-mouth areas are comparable in magnitude to those at the river-sea geochemical barriers. 相似文献
19.
The methodology and the first results of the computations of the volumes, masses, and growth rates of the sedimentary body of the buried Black Sea basin are presented. Their temporal evolution reflects the regional paleogeodynamics, in particular, the reorientation of the vector of the relative movement of the Arabian and Eurasian lithospheric plates and the related intensification of their collision in the late Miocene-Pliocene. 相似文献
20.
Izvestiya, Atmospheric and Oceanic Physics - Analysis of the temporal variations of the virtual heights of the sporadic E layer (h?ES) determined from ionograms with increased accuracy (1... 相似文献