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1.
大菱鲆鳍细胞系的建立   总被引:2,自引:1,他引:2  
建立大菱鲆(Scophthalus maximus)鳍细胞系,文中采用胰蛋白酶、透明质酸酶和Ⅱ型胶原酶消化法启动大菱鲆鳍组织的原代培养,并通过培养液配方和培养条件的优化成功进行大菱鲆鳍细胞的继代培养。研究结果显示,在pH=7.0~7.4、温度20~24℃的培养条件下,培养于含有表皮细胞生长因子、碱性成纤维细胞生长因子、羧甲基壳多糖、N-乙酰葡萄糖盐酸盐的Leibovitz-15培养液(20%胎牛血清)中的大菱鲆鳍细胞,其生长分裂状况最好,细胞形态为成纤维细胞样。经继代培养后,细胞生长分裂依然十分旺盛,第60代大菱鲆鳍细胞系的群体倍增时间为62.4 h,虽然出现了染色体的非整倍性,但其特征性染色体仍为44条。该细胞系细胞经液氮冻存后仍保持有原有形态和较高存活率。现已成功建立了连续性大菱鲆鳍细胞系,目前已传至第65代。该细胞系的建立对于查清病毒对大菱鲆细胞的感染途径与感染机理等具有重要的理论意义,对于病毒疫苗研制具有重要应用价值。  相似文献   

2.
陈一平 《海洋信息》1998,(12):27-29
金枪鱼是一种名贵经济鱼类,素有“海中鸡肉”之称。日本是世界上金枪鱼生产及消费第一大国。所消费的金枪鱼主要有黄鳍金枪鱼、长鳍金枪鱼、大眼金枪鱼、蓝鳍金枪鱼、南蓝鳍金枪鱼。其中蓝鳍金枪鱼个体最大,体长可达3米,体重差不多500公斤。它的年生长率高,肉味鲜  相似文献   

3.
根据2001年6—10月在大西洋中部大洋性金枪鱼延绳钓作业中观测到的黄鳍金枪鱼的上钩钩号,应用悬链线钩深计算公式分别计算出各钩号的钩深;根据STD仪测得的温度、盐度的垂直分布以钩深为引数,查出该尾鱼捕获水深处的温、盐数据;根据黄鳍金枪鱼的取样数据,推算出各水层、各水温段、各盐度段的渔获率。渔获率最大的水层、水温段、盐度段为黄鳍金枪鱼的最适水层、水温段、盐度段;渔获率为前3位的水层、水温、盐度段为黄鳍金枪鱼活动较频繁的水层、水温段、盐度段。结果表明,在大西洋中部,黄鳍金枪鱼的最适水层为150.00—179.99m,最适水温段为13.00—13.99℃,最适盐度段为35.40—35.49;大西洋中部渔场黄鳍金枪鱼活动较频繁的水层为120.00—209.99m,水温段为12.00—14.99℃,盐度段为35.20—35.49。  相似文献   

4.
莫知 《海洋世界》2006,(12):30-33
十一月上旬,东京的科学家宣布最近有渔民捕获的一头宽吻海豚竟长有一对额外的后鳍,这有可能是后肢的残余部分。这对后鳍大概有成人的手掌那么大,它们远小于海豚的正常前肢,从其身体腹面接近尾部的地方向外突出。科学家针对海豚后鳍的成因问题展开了激烈的讨论。  相似文献   

5.
黄鳍鲷消化道内分泌细胞的免疫组化定位   总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1  
应用4种兔抗胃肠激素抗体和SABC免疫组织化学方法,对黄鳍鲷(Sparus latus)消化道中的内分泌细胞进行鉴别和定位。结果表明:PP细胞在幽门盲囊较为丰富,食道和小肠较少。Som细胞在贲门胃分布密度最高,在食道和幽门胃也有较多分布。5-HT细胞主要分布在食道和胃部,在幽门盲囊和小肠数量较少。NPY细胞在消化道各部位均未发现。黄鳍鲷消化道PP、Som和5-HT细胞的数量分布和形态特征存在一定的差异,为参与不同的消化生理作用提供了形态学依据。  相似文献   

6.
晓惠 《海洋世界》2012,(3):66-69
金枪鱼被认为是制作寿司的顶级食材,这其中又以蓝鳍金枪鱼为最。酷爱寿司的日本是世界上最大的金枪鱼消费国,每年约有超过80%的金枪鱼被运往日本市场。可以说,世界上最昂贵的寿司就是蓝鳍金枪鱼寿司,而以其“多脂大腹”制成的寿司更是贵族中的贵族。  相似文献   

7.
红鳍东方鲀精子形态的研究   总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2  
实验研究红鳍东方精子形态的超微结构:红鳍东方精子分头部和尾部等两部分。头部似炮弹状,无顶体;核内有空隙,空隙中有或无少量电子致密小颗粒;细胞膜与核膜间的原生质有向外鼓起的单个小液泡;中心粒复合体位于植入窝内,由近端中心粒、中心粒间体和基体等组成。袖套位于核后端,内含7~8个环列的线粒体球。尾部近核端部分鞭毛的一侧有小囊泡群聚的囊泡鞘;远核端部分有侧鳍;囊泡鞘和侧鳍与轴丝的中央微管同在“Y”轴上;轴丝为“9+2”结构。  相似文献   

8.
红鳍笛鲷(Lutjanus erythopterus)胚胎发育的形态学研究   总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1  
刘皓  罗杰  刘楚吾 《海洋通报》2015,34(3):252-259
通过显微直接观察法对红鳍笛鲷胚胎发生的形态学进行了研究,以期为红鳍笛鲷人工繁殖、育苗提供参考资料。红鳍笛鲷胚胎的形态发生过程可分为受精卵、卵裂、囊胚、原肠胚、神经胚、器官形成等6个阶段,24个时期。红鳍笛鲷受精卵为浮性卵,透明而呈圆球形,内有一大油球,在水温28℃、海水盐度32.2的条件下,受精后15 min原生质隆起形成胚盘;受精后30 min进行第1次卵裂,为盘状卵裂;受精后3 h,胚胎进入高囊胚期;受精后6 h 27 min,胚胎发育至原肠期;受精后9 h 36 min形成神经板,继而神经板前端分化出前脑泡、中脑泡和后脑泡;脑泡分化后,视囊、听囊、晶状体等相继形成;受精后15 h 32 min尾芽形成;受精后约20 h,仔鱼出膜。其发育过程与黄鲷、金头鲷、点带石斑等其他海水鱼相似。  相似文献   

9.
黄鳍鲷不同组织同工酶的研究   总被引:13,自引:2,他引:13  
运用聚丙烯酰胺垂直梯度凝胶电泳法对黄鳍鲷的7种组织(心肌、肝脏、肾脏、肌肉、性腺、脾脏、脑)进行了4种同工酶(EST,LDH,MDH,ME)的初步研究,并对几种酶的同工酶位点及酶谱表型进行了分析。结果表明:黄鳍鲷的4种同工酶系统具有明显的组织特异性。同时还分析了聚丙烯酰胺垂直梯度凝胶电泳法对同工酶电泳的分离效果,认为该种方法对同工酶系统的分辨率高,分离效果好,可得到更精确的结果。  相似文献   

10.
王文琪 《海洋科学》1998,22(6):20-22
在已知的110种海洋哺乳动物中,鳍脚目动物是第二大类,仅次于齿鲸目动物。根据Rice和Scheffer(1968)的研究,鳍脚目动物现在主要有33种组成:海狮科中有12种,海豹科中有20种,海象科中有1种,其中的一些种还存在着不同的地理分布型。随着人们生活质量的改善,海洋哺乳动物已引起了社会的重视。由于海洋中存在着大量的病菌抗原,及时准确地诊断出致病菌是一个非常重要的环节。我国关于这方面研究起步较晚,对海洋哺乳动物的饲养和防病治病等技术还未有深入的研究。国外对鳍脚目动物的健康等若干方面进行了较为详尽的研究,如从营养、内分泌、新陈代谢…  相似文献   

11.
A total of 2676 trevally, Caranx georgianus Cuvier, was tagged in the Hauraki Gulf and Bay of Plenty during 1973 and 1974. Fish were caught by research trawler, anaesthetised, and tagged with spaghetti tags. During the following 5 years, 130 tags (4.9%) were returned. Most recaptures came from set nets (42%), followed by commercial trawlers (22%), Danish seiners (11%), research trawl (9%), other methods (7%), and method unknown (9%). Excluding tagged fish taken by research trawl, 85% of tag returns were made by commercial fishermen and 15% by amateurs. Initial tagging mortality was low, but was probably significant over an extended period. Movements of trevally were limited; 88% moved less than 30 nautical miles (55 km) from the release site. However, there was sufficient movement to regard trevally from the Bay of Plenty and probably also the Hauraki Gulf as one stock.  相似文献   

12.
Knowledge of trophic interactions between the key components of marine communities is required to understand food-web dynamics and develop ecosystem-based management approaches. In West Africa, where fisheries sustain the livelihoods of a significant part of the human population, this understanding is even more urgent, especially in the face of rapidly expanding fisheries and some stock collapses in the region. We studied the feeding ecology of the Crevalle jack Caranx hippos, West African Spanish mackerel Scomberomorus tritor and Guinean barracuda Sphyraena afra in the Bijagós Archipelago, Guinea-Bissau. These are the most abundant pelagic predatory teleost fishes in the area, but little is known about their ecology despite being species with commercial and recreational value, and they likely also play an important role in various African coastal ecosystems. Our findings show a high degree of dietary overlap among these three predator species, despite some degree of segregation by prey size and type. All three predators depend on Sardinella maderensis as the most important prey, which together with other members of the Clupeidae represented 47–96% of the ingested prey items. There was little difference in the diets of the predators between the dry and rainy seasons. These novel findings suggest a ‘wasp-waist’-structured ecosystem in the Bijagós Archipelago in which S. maderensis is the central small-sized pelagic fish species, and stress the need for an ecosystem-based approach to fisheries management in the region, with precautionary measures taken to avoid the overexploitation of clupeids.  相似文献   

13.
南海珊瑚礁周围过渡性水域主要鱼类食性与食物的关系   总被引:3,自引:0,他引:3  
对路氏双髻鲨Sphyrna lewini、侧条真鲨Carcharhinus limbatus、大眼六鳃鲨Hexanchus vituius、灰六鳃鲨Hex-anchus griseus、及达尖犁头Rhynchobatus djiddensis、灰三齿鲨Triaenodon obesus、裸狐鲣Gymnosarda unicolor、扁舵鲣Auxis thazard、黄斑胡椒鲷Plectorhynchus flavomaculatus、密点胡椒鲷Plectorhynchus gaterinus、尖嘴Dasyatis zugei、星点Caranx stellatus、黑Caranx lugubrisr等13种南海主要珊瑚礁周围过渡性水域鱼类进行食性分析,根据其胃含物中饵料生物的重量组成和出现频率,分为4种食性类型。同时还分析了13种鱼的食物关系和营养级,为该海域渔场生态系食物网的研究提供基础资料。  相似文献   

14.
A bottom trawl survey was used to determine the position of a nursery ground for snapper, Chrysophrys auratus, in the North Taranaki Bight, New Zealand, and so indicate what area should be protected from potentially harmful fishing techniques. A nursery ground for trevally, Caranx georgianus, was also identified. The growth rate of snapper from the North Taranaki Bight is shown to be much faster than Hauraki Gulf and East Cape stocks, but quite similar to Tasman Bay fish. The onset of sexual maturity appears to be related to fish size rather than age, with about 80% of snapper being mature at a fork length of 25 cm. Recruitment success varies greatly between years, and successful recruitment may be related to warm spring temperatures.  相似文献   

15.
对14C-六六六、14C-毒死蝉、14C-敌百虫和14C-久效磷在几种海洋动物中的积累和降解进行了比较研究。结果表明,4种农药在实验动物中被积累的能力由大至小顺序为:14C-六六六和14C-毒死蝉,14C-敌百虫,14C-久效磷。而实验动物对农药的积累能力由大至小顺序为:小弹涂鱼Periophthalmuscantonensis,实验贝类,褶痕相手蟹Sesarma(Parasearma)plicata。不同动物对毒死蜱的降解能力各不相同:弹涂鱼的降解能力最强,其主要降解产物为三氯代吡啶酚(TCP);毛蚶Scapharcasuberenata次之,主要降解产物为极性未知物;褶牡蛎AlectryonellaPlicatula和翡翠贻贝Pernaviridis的降解率也在30%以上,降解产物为TCP和极性未知物;波纹巴非蛤Pophia(Paphia)undulata和文蛤Meretrixmereitrix的降解能力较差。对14C-六六六和14C-毒死蜱在生物中的结合态比例有很大的差异。  相似文献   

16.
The development and distinctive features of the eggs and larvae of Caranx georgianus Cuvier, 1833 are described. Diameters of the egg and oil globule range between 0.76 mm and 0.86 mm, and 0.20 mm and 0.25 mm respectively. At 21 °c, the eggs hatched approximately 28 h after fertilisation.  相似文献   

17.
用亚心形扁藻Platymonassubcoriformis,湛江等鞭藻Isochrysiszhanjiangensis及某些配合饲料培育大珠母贝pinctadamaxima(Jameson)亲贝,可以促进性腺发育成熟并保持易于诱导排放状态。在需要进行人工育苗时,给亲贝以一定的刺激,即可诱导产卵排精。采用这种方法进行大珠母贝人工育苗,受精率和活率都比剖贝取卵授精的方法高。而且不用杀死大珠母贝亲贝。  相似文献   

18.
中华鲟随机扩增多态性DNA及遗传多样性研究   总被引:43,自引:5,他引:43  
采用随机扩增多态性DNA(RAPD)技术进行了连续3年(1995-1997)共70尾来源于长江水系中华鲟样本遗传分析,共用了40个10bp长的随机引物,在26种可供分析的引物中,只有OPK01、OPK02、OPK03、OPK09、OPK14和OPQ08RAPD-PCR产物有多态现象,多态引物占23%。26个引物中共扩增出108条稳定的DNA带。其中12条带为多态带,多态座位比例为11.1%。个体间  相似文献   

19.
The giant trevally Caranx ignobilis (Forsskål) is an important apex predatory fish typically associated with coral reef communities. It is prized in recreational and commercial fisheries, yet little is known about its aggregation dynamics and susceptibility to fishing pressure. This study reports on a previously undocumented aggregation of mature giant trevally observed over a period of eight years (2010–2017) at Ponta do Ouro Partial Marine Reserve in southern Mozambique. The aggregation is one of the few recorded for this carangid in the western Indian Ocean and represents the first subtropical aggregation of giant trevally. The aggregation is also the largest recorded for this species, with up to 2 413 individuals representing an estimated biomass of approximately 30 tonnes. The size and predictability of this annual aggregation make it vulnerable to overexploitation and point towards the need for an appropriate conservation management strategy.  相似文献   

20.
将模糊化(拓扑)导算子进行了公理化,并且给出了若干模糊化(拓扑)导算子的刻画;同时建立了模糊化(拓扑)导算子和模糊化(拓扑)闭包算子之间的关系。  相似文献   

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