共查询到20条相似文献，搜索用时 390 毫秒
1.
试图建立一个简单海气耦合模式,其中大气垂直分为两层,为－β平面近似线性模式。在非绝热加热项中包含了对流凝结潜热与大尺度流场之间相互作用的ＣＩＳＫ机制以及蒸发、感热与扰动风场之间的反馈机制,并考虑了东风区与西风区的不同。由于只研究大气的平均纬向运动,故模式大气中仅含有Ｋｅｌｖｉｎ波。海洋模式为一约化重力模式,只保留了Ｒｏｓｓｂｙ波。对这一海气耦合模式进行特征波动分析,发现考虑海气耦合效应并不影响大气波动的性质,在东风区大气Ｋｅｌｖｉｎ波仍然增幅和东传;在西风区大气Ｋｅｌｖｉｎ波振幅衰减。但海气耦合效应却使得大气Ｋｅｌｖｉｎ波的传播速度减慢,周期增大。当考虑海气耦合效应时,海洋Ｒｏｓｓｂｙ波的稳定性质发生变化,由原来的中性波动变为非中性波动。在西风区,波数小于某临界波数的长Ｒｏｓｓｂｙ波振幅增大,而短的Ｒｏｓｓｂｙ波振幅衰减。在东风区结论相反。对海气耦合模式中波动的分析,为数值模拟西太平洋暖池的形成及其对大气扰动的影响建立了理论基础。 相似文献
2.
气候平均风场作用下热带太平洋主流系和赤道行星波研究 总被引：2，自引：1，他引：1
将两层约化重力原始流体动力方程耦合气候月平均风场,数值计算流场基本能够正反反映带太平洋上层主流系和温跃层的空间分布和季节变化,在气候平均条件下,东太平洋１２５°Ｗ附近经向风应力可激发出高阶混合Ｒｏｓｓｂｙ重力波,海洋高阶赤道Ｋｅｌｖｉｎ波流速模态可从西太平洋边界传播到东太平洋边界,而高阶赤道Ｋｅｌｖｉｎ波温跃层模态从西太平洋边界东传后,在中太平洋肥到高阶混合Ｒｏｓｓｂｙ重力波诱发的西传温跃层扰动的 相似文献
3.
赤道太平洋低频波动的某些特征 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
利用赤道附近南北纬１０度之间２２个站的水位观测资料和位于１４０°Ｗ浮标站的海流资料,分析了热带太平洋赤道区域低频波动的特征,发现季节内时间尺度的变化在赤道海区是一个普遍的现象。热带西太平洋海区上层海洋季节内时间尺度的变化可由具有东传性质的Ｋｅｌｖｉｎ斜压模态的波动和具有西传性质的Ｒｏｓｓｂｙ斜压模态的传播所引起,在赤道上,东向传播的波速约为２．７ｍ／ｓ,在赤道以北,西向传播的波速约为１．６ｍ／ｓ。在赤道东太平洋２５０ｍ的深度上,可以发现西太平洋低频变化对该处流速的影响,从西太平洋传播到东太平洋的平均速度大约１．３ｍ／ｓ。中太平洋低频变化具有驻波的特征,１９８６～１９８７ＥｌＮｉｎｏ事件的发生与这种驻波振荡有关。 相似文献
4.
5.
利用2002—2015年ARGO网格化的温度、盐度数据, 结合卫星资料揭示了赤道东印度洋和孟加拉湾障碍层厚度的季节内和准半年变化特征, 探讨了其变化机制。结果表明, 障碍层厚度变化的两个高值区域出现在赤道东印度洋和孟加拉湾北部。在赤道区域, 障碍层同时受到等温层和混合层变化的影响, 5—7月和11—1月受西风驱动, Wyrtki急流携带阿拉伯海的高盐水与表层的淡水形成盐度层结, 同时西风驱动的下沉Kelvin波加深了等温层, 混合层与等温层分离, 障碍层形成。在湾内, 充沛的降雨和径流带来的大量淡水产生很强的盐度层结, 混合层全年都非常浅, 障碍层季节内变化和准半年变化主要受等温层深度变化的影响。上述两个区域障碍层变化存在关联, 季节内和准半年周期的赤道纬向风驱动的波动过程是它们存在联系的根本原因。赤道东印度洋地区的西风(东风)强迫出向东传的下沉(上升)的Kelvin波, 在苏门答腊岛西岸转变为沿岸Kelvin波向北传到孟加拉湾的东边界和北边界, 并且在缅甸的伊洛瓦底江三角洲顶部(95°E, 16°N)激发出向西的Rossby波, 造成湾内等温层深度的正(负)异常, 波动传播的速度决定了湾内的变化过程滞后于赤道区域1~2个月。 相似文献
6.
本文用一个简单的斜压两层模式，在热力学方程中只考虑牛顿冷却和感热加热，从理论上分析了大尺度海温异常时感热加热带大气压Ｋｅｌｖｉｎ波的影响。研究发现，牛顿冷却使大气Ｋｅｌｖｉｎ波振幅减，并使波速减慢；感热加热可使得Ｋｅｖｉｎ波波速加快；当海气温差超过某一临界值时，波动趋于不稳定。 相似文献
7.
暖池季节变化的数值模拟及其对海表热力和动力强迫的敏感性 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
对比3套不同来源的海表热通量和风应力资料在热带太平洋和印度洋区域的差异,然后把这些海表强迫场作为一个全球海洋环流模式(LICOM)的上边界条件,进行动力和热力强迫的敏感性试验.通过对比分析试验结果,评估了LICOM对印度洋和西太平洋暖池季节变化的模拟能力,探讨了印度洋和西太平洋暖池对动力和热力强迫的敏感性.首先,模式结果表明LICOM能较真实地模拟出印度洋和西太平洋暖池面积和强度的季节变化特征以及两海区暖池季节变化的差异,而且上层海洋垂向分层的加密能有效改善混合层深度季节变化的模拟.其次,模式中暖池的季节变化基本由海表净热通量和混合层深度的季节变化共同决定,但是试验结果中难以反映垂向挟卷和湍流混合对暖池区混合层深度的影响,可能原因是气候态月平均强迫场时间分辨率较粗,不能真实反映一些重要的天气尺度过程对混合层动力过程的影响,故有必要增加强迫场时间分辨率做进一步研究.最后,不同强迫场的敏感性试验对比分析结果表明,印度洋暖池对海表动力和热力强迫场的差异均较为敏感,而西太平洋暖池则只对海表热量强迫场的差异较为敏感,对动力强迫场的差异不敏感. 相似文献
8.
南海上层海洋环流两层半模式的数值模拟Ⅰ.闭边界海盆季节性环流 总被引：10，自引：4，他引：10
本文应用一个包含动力学和热力学的热带海洋两层半模式,模拟南海上层海洋闭边界条件下的季节性环流.模式海洋由不同密度的上混合层、季节性温跃层和静止的深水层组成.模式考虑挟卷(卷入entrainment和卷出detrainment)引起海洋上下活动层间的质量、动量与热量的交换,在海面月平均气候风场动力强迫和通过海面热通量的热力影响下,计算了封闭海盆假定下的南海上层海洋的季节环流.用数值试验的方法讨论了非线性效应、摩擦阻尼、侧向混合对大尺度环流的影响,并得出有关模式稳定性的结论.模拟结果与南海海洋实测和动力诊断的环流趋势吻合较好,显示了模式对南海海盆尺度的环流系统有较好的模拟能力. 相似文献
9.
基于水下滑翔机在2019年8至10月观测到的温盐资料，本研究分析了西北太平洋混合层总体的变化情况，并探讨了混合层异常变化的原因。结果表明，混合层温度总体上呈现随季节转换逐渐降低的趋势，混合层深度总体上呈现随季节转换逐渐增大的趋势。进一步的相关性分析得出，该海域混合层温度、混合层深度的变化特征主要是由外部大气强迫场（海面风场和净热通量）所决定的。水下滑翔机还观测到了混合层温度异常降低、混合层深度异常变浅的现象。通过计算混合层热收支发现，垂向夹卷作用是海洋混合层内温度降低和混合层深度变浅的主要原因。通过进一步计算研究海域冷涡的上升速度与海水垂向夹卷速度的变化情况，并结合卫星遥感资料，得出海洋的中尺度涡旋活动主导了混合层异常现象的发生。 相似文献
10.
利用TOGA—COARE计划的强化观测资料,对《实验3号》科学考察船第一和第二两个航次期间暖池区内感热、潜热和海面净热通量、动量通量和混合层深度、SST变化进行计算和初步分析。指出:上述各量都存在明显的季节内时间尺度变化。从对计算结果的对比分析得出:SST的变化与垂直混合、潜热输送和云对短波辐射的调节作用有比较密切的关系。可以认为,海洋SST季节内时间尺度的变化可能与大气的动力和热力强迫有直接的关系。 相似文献
11.
Oceanic Rossby waves induced by the meridional shift of the ITCZ in association with ENSO events 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
Hiroto Abe Youichi Tanimoto Takuya Hasegawa Naoto Ebuchi Kimio Hanawa 《Journal of Oceanography》2014,70(2):165-174
This study investigated the eastern Pacific Intertropical Convergence Zone (ITCZ) as an atmospheric forcing to the ocean by using various observed and reanalysis data sets over 29 years. Climatologically, a zonal band of positive wind stress curl (WSC) with a 10° meridional width was exhibited along the ITCZ. A southward shift of the positive WSC band during the El Niño phase induced a negative (positive) WSC anomaly along the northern (southern) portion of the ITCZ, and vice versa during the La Niña phase. This meridional dipole accounted for more than 25 % of interannual variances of the WSC anomalies (WSCAs), based on analysis of the period 1993–2008. The negative (positive) WSCA in the northern portion of the ITCZ during the El Niño (La Niña) phase was collocated with a positive (negative) sea surface height anomaly (SSHA) that propagated westward as a Rossby wave all the way to the western North Pacific. This finding indicates that this off-equatorial Rossby wave is induced by the WSCA around the ITCZ. Our analysis of a 1.5-layer reduced gravity model revealed that the Rossby waves are mostly explained by wind stress forcing, rather than by reflection of an equatorial Kelvin wave on the eastern coastal boundary. The off-equatorial Rossby wave had the same SSHA polarity as the equatorial Kelvin wave, and generation of a phase-preserving Rossby wave without the Kelvin wave reflection was explained by meridional movement of the ITCZ. Thus, the ITCZ acts as an atmospheric bridge that connects the equatorial and off-equatorial oceanic waves. 相似文献
12.
This paper considers the evolution of a spatially-localized divergent Rossby wave field near the depth jump. If the jump magnitude is comparable to the depth, Rossby waves are fully reflected and a double Kelvin wave is then generated. The Rossby waves and the double Kelvin wave are described by the first- and zero-approximation fields of the asymptotic expansion, respectively. Over the characteristic Rossby wave period, the level elevation produced by the double Kelvin wave spreads over an extensive area, theraby making up for the change in the total fluid mass of the Rossby waves.Translated by Vladimir A. Puchkin. 相似文献
13.
Propagation of Rossby Waves over Ridges Excited by Interannual Wind Forcing in a Western North Pacific Model 总被引：1，自引：4，他引：1
Numerical experiments with a multi-level general circulation model have been performed to investigate basic processes of westward
propagation of Rossby waves excited by interannual wind stress forcing in an idealized western North Pacific model with ocean
ridges. When the wind forcing with an oscillation period of 3 years is imposed around 180°E and 30°N, far from Japan, barotropic
waves excited by the wind can hardly cross the ridges, such as the Izu-Ogasawara Ridge. On the other hand, a large part of
the first-mode baroclinic waves are transmitted across the ridges, having net mass transport. The propagation speed of the
first-mode baroclinic wave is accelerated (decelerated) when an anticyclonic (cyclonic) circulation is formed at the sea surface,
due to a deeper (shallower) upper layer, and to southward (slightly northward) drift of the circulation. Thus, when the anticyclonic
circulation is formed on the northern side of the cyclonic one, they propagate almost together. The second-mode baroclinic
waves converted from the first-mode ones on the ridges arrive south of Japan, although their effects are small. The resulting
volume transport variation of the western boundary current (the Kuroshio) reaches about 60% of the Sverdrup transport variability
estimated from the wind stress. These characteristics are common for the interannual forcing case with a longer oscillation
period. In the intraseasonal and seasonal forcing cases, on the other hand, the transport variation is much smaller than those
in the interannual forcing cases.
This revised version was published online in July 2006 with corrections to the Cover Date. 相似文献
14.
建立了一个简单海气耦合模式,其中大气垂直分为两层,为-β平面近似线性模式。在非绝热加热项中包含了对流凝结潜热与大尺度流场之间相互作用的CISK机制以及蒸发、感热与扰动风场之间的反馈机制,并考虑了平均东风区和西风区的不同。由于只研究大气的平均纬向运动,故模式大气中仅含有Kelvin波。海洋模式为一约化重力模式,在一定条件下采用准地转近似,模式海洋中仅保留了Rossby波。对这一海气耦合模式进行特征波动分析,发现海气耦合并不显著改变大气波动的性质。在中东太平洋的平均东风区,大气的Kelvin波仍然增幅和东传。在平均西风区,大气Kelvin波振幅衰减。但耦合作用却使海洋Rossby波的性质发生变化,且波长超过某一临界波长Le的Rossby波的振幅增长。在平均东风区,结论相论。这一理论说明西太平洋暖池的形成与海洋Rossby波有关。在东太平洋,由于是平均东风区,短的Ross-by波振幅增长,不能形成水平尺度很大的“暖池”。而在平均西风的西太平洋区,有可能形成水平尺度很大的“暖池”。 相似文献
15.
对1979年1月至1987年2月热带太平洋0—400m海水垂直平均温度(TAV)时、空变化的分析表明,在热带西太平洋TAV的年际变化较SST更显著,且与E1 Ni(?)o相联系。在E1 Ni(?)o和反E1 Ni(?)o期间,海洋上层热结构的分布截然不同,E1 Ni(?)o的发生、发展与赤道Kelvin波和热带Rossby波造成的热结构再分布有关。 相似文献
16.
1 IntroductionIn the Equatorial Pacific, due to the difference between the atmospheric circulation and air-sea interaction, the near-surface seawater heat structure in the eastern and western Pacific presents two ℃obviously different characteristics: warm pool ( > 28 ) in the western equatorial Pacific and cold ℃tongue ( < 24 ) in the eastern equatorial Pacific. The water bodies of these two heat structures would give rise to change in spatial distribution under the action of the equato… 相似文献
17.
Seasonal variation in the tropical Pacific is studied by use of climatological monthly mean data of upper layer thickness of a linear reduced-gravity model with realistic basin geometry. Complex empirical orthogonal function (CEOF) analysis is applied to the data on a closed circuit which consists of the equator, eastern boundary, 7° latitude, and western boundary. The first and second CEOF represent the annual and semiannual variations, respectively. At the equator, absolute maximum anomalies associated with the first CEOF can be found near 160°W in spring and fall. Westward propagation of the annual variation is remarkable west of 130°W. However, similar westward propagation cannot be detected in either the eastern or western part of the equator. Maximum anomalies at 7° and the equator can be found in similar longitude and time. These maxima at both latitudes originate from the annual variation of Ekman pumping associated with the meridional movement of wind fields. We also decomposed the model results into Kelvin and Rossby modes. The Kelvin mode is characterized by seminnual variation, while first and third-mode Rossby waves have annual variations. In the present results, first and third-mode Rossby waves do not appear to be a trigger for Kelvin waves. 相似文献
18.
The results of the tropical Pacific response to the sudden onset of the equatorial wind stress anomalies are discussed. The ocean model is a barotropic, non-linearized one that includes reduced-gravity and an equation for the temperature of the ocean mixed-layer. The experiments are based on a state of equilibrium reached through a long running under the action of annual mean wind stress. There are two kinds of westward wind intensity regions: the whole tropical Pacific and the western tropical Pacific, which are all between latitude 6. 8癗 and 6. 8癝.In these cases, the results show that the positive sea surface temperature (SST) anomalies in the Eastern Pacific and the negative SST anomalies in the Western Pacific are produced, and the positive SST anomalies propagate eastward, just as those observed during the actual El Nino phenomena. The propagations of the Kelvin waves and Rossby waves in the ocean are discussed.Another experiment is also carried out in simulating the process of the decay of El Ni 相似文献
19.
Sea Surface Height (SSH) variability in the Indian Ocean during 1993-1995 is studied using TOPEX/POSEIDON (T/P) altimetry data. Strong interannual variability is seen in the surface circulation of the western Arabian Sea, especially in the Somali eddy structure. During the Southwest (SW) monsoon, a weak monsoon year is characterized by a single eddy system off Somalia, a strong or normal monsoon year by several energetic eddies. The Laccadive High (LH) and Laccadive Low (LL) systems off southwest India are observed in the altimetric SSH record. The variability of the East India Coastal Current (EICC), the western boundary current in the Bay of Bengal, is also detected. Evidence is found for the propagation of Kelvin and Rossby waves across the northern Indian Ocean; these are examined in the context of energy transfer to the western boundary currents, and associated eddies. A simple wind-driven isopycnal model having three active layers is implemented to simulate the seasonal changes of surface and subsurface circulation in the North Indian Ocean and to examine the response to different wind forcing. The wind forcing is derived from the ERS-1 scatterometer wind stress for the same period as the T/P altimeter data, enabling the model response in different (active/weak) monsoon conditions to be tested. The model output is derived in 10-day snapshots to match the time period of the T/P altimeter cycles. Complex Principal Component Analysis (CPCA) is applied to both altimetric and model SSH data. This confirms that long Rossby waves are excited by the remotely forced Kelvin waves off the southwest coast of India and contribute substantially to the variability of the seasonal circulation in the Arabian Sea. 相似文献
20.
Sea Surface Height (SSH) variability in the Indian Ocean during 1993-1995 is studied using TOPEX/POSEIDON (T/P) altimetry data. Strong interannual variability is seen in the surface circulation of the western Arabian Sea, especially in the Somali eddy structure. During the Southwest (SW) monsoon, a weak monsoon year is characterized by a single eddy system off Somalia, a strong or normal monsoon year by several energetic eddies. The Laccadive High (LH) and Laccadive Low (LL) systems off southwest India are observed in the altimetric SSH record. The variability of the East India Coastal Current (EICC), the western boundary current in the Bay of Bengal, is also detected. Evidence is found for the propagation of Kelvin and Rossby waves across the northern Indian Ocean; these are examined in the context of energy transfer to the western boundary currents, and associated eddies. A simple wind-driven isopycnal model having three active layers is implemented to simulate the seasonal changes of surface and subsurface circulation in the North Indian Ocean and to examine the response to different wind forcing. The wind forcing is derived from the ERS-1 scatterometer wind stress for the same period as the T/P altimeter data, enabling the model response in different (active/weak) monsoon conditions to be tested. The model output is derived in 10-day snapshots to match the time period of the T/P altimeter cycles. Complex Principal Component Analysis (CPCA) is applied to both altimetric and model SSH data. This confirms that long Rossby waves are excited by the remotely forced Kelvin waves off the southwest coast of India and contribute substantially to the variability of the seasonal circulation in the Arabian Sea. 相似文献