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海岸带地物特征的遥感信息提取方法 总被引：12，自引：0，他引：12
本文探讨了海岸带资源环境调查和沿海风暴潮预警系统中如何运用遥感图像地学分析方法进行遥感影像的信息提取。并结合实例，介绍了遥感技术中的信息提取过程，包括海域、滩涂、海堤和陆域水体的信息提取。 相似文献
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涉界区地貌形态是海域行政区域勘界界线划定的重要影响因素之一。本文首先探讨海域勘界工作中地貌形态分析的基础性和关键性地位。在此基础上,研究了利用空间分析方法再现与分析涉界区地貌形态的基本方法。在上述理论方法的支持下,构建了海域勘界地貌信息系统,并进行了实例数据演示。 相似文献
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海岸带作为人类生存发展的重要区域,其环境地质问题日益突出。通过海岸线确定、水深探测、滩涂演变等方面,介绍了遥感技术在海岸带海洋地质环境综合调查中的应用。 相似文献
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本文从遥感信息机理出发,探讨遥感技术在海域勘界中的应用:综合运用遥感图像的分类技术获取涉界区的资源空间分布和利用现状,利用影像的空间结构和纹理特征获取地形地貌特征信息,利用地理位置精校正的影像进行海岸线修测,通过不同时期的遥感影像获取岸滩动态变化,进行岸滩稳定性评估.在福建泉州海域应用结果表明:采用遥感技术可快速、客观、准确地获取支撑海域勘界所需的空间信息,但定位精度主要依赖于遥感数据的空间分辨率,而且由于遥感数据以像元阵列表示空间分布,较小的码头、潮沟、岛礁等地物可能与其他地物构成混合像元而未能被识别出来. 相似文献
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国家海洋局第二海洋研究所与国家测绘总局测绘研究所、国家海洋局南海分局等单位配合,于1983年12月,对国家科委、国家海洋局委托的“遥感技术在海岸带滩涂资源调查及开发中的应用”攻关项目试验点之一——深圳市海岸带,首次用航空遥感方法进行了飞行实验研究。并且在海上,对海洋要素,滩涂及海岸植被等进行了同步观测。获取了大量第一手资料,为研究工作提供了科学依据。 本研究的目的在于用遥感手段对深圳市海岸带进行岸线、滩涂面积量算,滩涂自然资源综合调查,为开发利用和经济特区的建设提供资料。飞行试验结束后,第二海洋研究所海洋 相似文献
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简要介绍了加拿大海岸带调查工作，包括海岸系统的定义、海岸带的调查技术和设备、遥感技术和在海岸带调查中的应用，以及海岸监测的意义和监测方法。 相似文献
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山东省滨海沙滩现状调查 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
为了揭示山东滨海沙滩现状，为合理开发、利用和保护沙滩资源提供科学依据，项目组与2019年6月—8月，通过现场观测沙滩现状，收集沙滩的生态环境和其开发状态的资料，利用RTK-GPS高程仪获取沙丘-海滩剖面数据，并结合卫星遥感资料调查分析可知：滨海沙滩总个数为148个，沙滩岸线总长度约335 km，主要分布在烟台、威海、青岛和日照。74%的沙滩受人工干预，干预的方式主要以旅游型开发和渔业性开发为主，其中旅游型开发占比61.5%，渔业性开发占比35.6%。26%的沙滩保持自然状态，主要分布在乡村。在现场调查中发现，沙滩侵蚀较严重的大多为自然形态的沙滩渔业性开发的沙滩。多数沙滩的沙丘以及植被带上已经被建起养殖厂房、度假场所、娱乐设施及抛石护岸等，建筑垃圾、生活垃圾、养殖垃圾、微塑料垃圾等在滩面上屡见不鲜。结合数据及现场调查结果来看，山东省多数滨海沙滩已经处于开发状态，但是由于缺乏科学合理的规划，滨海沙滩的平衡系统已经受到严重威胁，沙滩面临消失的危险，严重影响了滨海沙滩的持续利用与发展。 相似文献
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为衡量经济发达地区的生态资产价值,文章以人-地关系日趋紧张的江苏沿海地区为研究对象,基于卫星遥感影像和统计资料,获取典型年份土地利用与覆盖变化信息,结合生态系统服务价值当量因子法开展生态系统生产总值的核算和评价研究。研究结果表明:研究期内,江苏沿海地区的湿地和光滩面积呈减少趋势,建设用地、林地和养殖水域面积呈增加趋势;江苏沿海地区的生态系统生产总值均在110亿元以上,从存量来看贡献排在前两位的生态系统类型依次是农田和养殖水域,从流量来看贡献排在前两位的生态系统服务价值依次是废弃物吸纳和水源涵养,体现巨大的生态系统服务价值潜力。研究结果可为有关部门开展生态保护工作提供参考。 相似文献
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浙江省海洋公益服务的重大事件 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
浙江省海洋开发历史悠久 ,长期以来为支持和保障开发利用海洋和海岸带资源 ,浙江省在海洋公益服务方面做了许多工作。例如海塘建设 ,海岸带、海涂、海岛资源调查 ,海洋功能区划 ,海洋渔业调查与区划 ,海洋能资源区划 ,海洋环境和灾害预报 ,海洋地质矿产勘探 ,海洋测量 ,海洋遥感等。这些重大历史事件表明 ,合理利用海洋、海岸带资源 ,保护海洋生态环境 ,实现可持续发展 ,是推动浙江省海洋经济发展的重要环节。 相似文献
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《Coastal Engineering》2007,54(6-7):493-505
This contribution evaluates the application of coastal video systems to monitoring and management of coastal stability problems on sandy coastlines. Specifically, video-derived parameters (coastal state indicators or CSIs) are developed which facilitate the measurement of the shoreline evolution (erosion/accretion) and response to storms, seasonal cycles and anthropogenic interventions like beach/shoreface nourishment and dredging. The primary variable which forms the basis for all the CSIs discussed in this contribution is the shoreline position derived from time-averaged video images. These waterlines are used to generate secondary products including shoreline contours at a constant pre-defined level, (intertidal) beach volumes, and momentary shoreline positions which reflect the sand volume in a meter wide section of the intertidal coast. Video-derived coastal state indicators were verified via comparisons with traditional topographical/bathymetric surveying techniques and a good agreement was found in all cases. CSIs were computed for three contrasting sandy coastal environments including an unprotected natural beach, a protected beach and a spit. Firstly, results are presented which demonstrate the advantages of coastal video systems over and above infrequent traditional topographic/bathymetric surveying methods. Namely, the ability of video-derived CSIs to quantify the magnitude, accurate location, precise timing and rates of change associated with individual extreme events and seasonal variability in the wave climate. Secondly, video-derived coastal state indicators were used to monitor two different types of human intervention, including beach nourishments and a dredged pit in a navigation channel. The video-derived datasets of coastal state indicators offered significant improvement to current CZM practices, facilitating better timing of management interventions as well as more effective monitoring of the spatial impact and longevity of these actions. 相似文献
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基于海滩地形动力学、遥感影像的风险预识别以及现场排查等方法,对西涌滨海旅游区海滩裂流风险进行了初步评估。评估结果表明:地形动力分析结果显示,西涌滨海旅游区泳场逐月平均沙滩类型大部分是沿岸沙坝和裂流沟槽交替的沙坝型(B),风险等级高;影像特征判断该沙滩属于沿岸沙坝和裂流沟槽交替的沙坝型(B)或者低潮位附近伴有冲流沙坝及裂流沟槽的低潮沙坝裂流型(LTBR),裂流风险等级高;历史影像和现场调研均发现该海滩发生过裂流;综合判定该海滩裂流风险等级为高。但鉴于观测资料限制和评价方法自身局限性的影响,本次排查结论仅为初步结论,其合理性尚需更加深入的研究。 相似文献
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Spatial and temporal variation of diverse inter‐tidal algal assemblages in Southwest O‘ahu 
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下载免费PDF全文 Spatial and temporal variation in tropical inter‐tidal communities is poorly known, making predictions about the effects of climate change and other anthropogenic disturbances difficult. Along Southwest O‘ahu, Hawai'i, local residents are concerned about the environmental effects of coastal development and the perceived loss of targeted algal species, which are collected for human consumption. To describe the coastal benthic community and better understand the processes that form and maintain it, the abundance and composition of macroalgae were sampled in the region's inter‐tidal zone from 2006 to 2015. Sixty‐six macroalgal species and two broad algal assemblages were identified that corresponded to substrate topography and sand influence at a similar tidal elevation. Along flat carbonate benches with a sand beach, Phaeophyceae and Rhodophytes occurred in almost equal proportions, while shores with slightly more topographic relief and angular substrate were dominated by Rhodophytes. Foliose or turf algal forms were most common. Surveys captured the local invasion of an alga, Avrainvillea sp. and significant declines in abundant macroalgae in 2015 after a period of unseasonably warm, calm water. Temporal changes in algal assemblages were related to maximum water temperature and wave height but not precipitation. Thus, algal assemblages appear to be structured by local beach morphology as they interact with sand and wave activity and episodically by unusual weather events. However, manipulation and continuous monitoring of the algal assemblages coupled to sensing of the localized environment is necessary to confirm factors related to assembly maintenance and recent species shifts. 相似文献
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If wave energy is to become a fully-fledged renewable, its environmental impacts must be fully understood. The objective of the present work is to examine the impact of a wave farm on the beach profile through a case study. The methodology is based on two coupled numerical models: a nearshore wave propagation model and a morphodynamic model, which are run in two scenarios, both with and without the wave farm. Wave data from a nearby coastal buoy are used to prescribe the boundary conditions. A positive effect on the wave climate, the cross-shore sediment transport and, consequently, the evolution of the beach profile itself due to the presence of the wave farm was found. The wave farm leads to a reduction in the erosion of the beach face. This work constitutes the first stage of the investigation of the effectiveness of a wave farm as a coastal defence measure, and the accuracy of the quantification of the erosion reduction will be enhanced in future research. In any case, the overarching picture that emerges is that wave farms, in addition to providing carbon-free energy, can be used as elements of a coastal defence scheme. 相似文献
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