共查询到19条相似文献，搜索用时 93 毫秒
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琉球沟弧盆系的海底热流分布特征及冲绳海槽热演化的数值模拟 总被引：9，自引：0，他引：9
以１９９３－１９９５年对琉球沟弧盆系各个航次的热流数值进行了搜集整理，发现这一地区热流的分布特征和构造特征有明显的对应关系，大致上呈出现东西分带南北分块的分布特征，冲绳海槽有极高的热流值，而琉球海沟则有极低的热流值，这和板块的撞碰，俯冲，弧后扩张模式相吻合，用二维热传导平流议程用有限单元法对冲绳海槽进行的地球动力学热模拟显示，冲绳海槽的高热流值和海槽内的岩浆活动有着密切关系，如果不考虑海槽中岩浆因 相似文献
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对冲绳海槽１９８４－１９９０年的实测热流值，利用数字滤波方法计算，得到反映该区深部地壳热状态的区域热流值为８０－１６０ｍＷ／ｍ＾２，用Ｂ样条函数法对其作数值模拟，计算出海槽地温场模式，并以此研究冲绳海槽海底高热流的形成机制，得出冲绳海槽热流值的区域性变化与綦中地质构造格局呈正相关，高热流是该区现代构造活动所致，其明显特征是地壳减薄，地幔上拱等结论。 相似文献
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冲绳海槽海底热流的研究 总被引：5，自引：3，他引：5
冲绳海槽为世界上罕见的高热流区之一.迄今在海槽内已取得189个热流数据.热流分析表明,属于西北太平洋活动边缘的琉球弧后地区具有异常高的热流值,尤其是在冲绳海槽中部,测得大于10 000m·W/m2的异常高热流值,为全球热流调查中所仅见,这暗示着冲绳海槽为一迄今尚在强烈活动的弧后裂谷. 相似文献
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《海洋地质与第四纪地质》2017,(2)
冲绳海槽海底热流值高且离散性强、热液活动发育,这一地热特征主要表现在海槽南段与中段,其形成与沉积过程和浅层基底水热活动密切相关。首先依据居里点深度资料计算海底热流背景值,并与实测热流资料进行对比,分析了冲绳海槽的海底热流异常特征。然后选取一条与海槽扩张中心走向一致的模拟剖面,以实测地热资料为约束,利用热模拟的方法,探讨了沉积速率和基底流体活动对海底热流值的影响。最后,探讨了海槽热流特征形成机制。热模拟结果表明,如果南段与中、北段分别在中中新世和晚更新世开始拉张,在冲绳海槽的形成演化过程中,沉积速率可使海槽南段和中段的海底热流值分别降低7%~16%和4%~12%,沉积速率越大对热流值的影响也越大;在基底流体活动的影响下,海槽热流值表现出极大的离散性,下降流体使得海底热流值进一步降低,上升流体作用则相反,海槽中段的上升流体影响远远超过沉积速率影响,使得局部海底热流值提高到背景值的3倍。在局部上升流体与下降流体运移速率相同的前提下,当沉积速率25cm/ka、流体运移速率为60~66cm/a时最符合海槽南段西部的热异常形成条件;当宫古断裂及海槽中段基底蓄水层内的流体运移速率约为南段流体运移速率的4~6倍,或者蓄水层之下热流背景值约为南段背景值的2~3倍时,最符合宫古断裂带附近和海槽中段的热流异常形成条件,这可能预示着在10km深度处存在岩浆房。 相似文献
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南海西沙海槽地区的海底热流测量 总被引：20，自引：0，他引：20
为了解南海西沙海槽区的地热特征,利用Ewing型地热探针在该区开展了地热测量,并利用TK04热导率仪测量了相关站位表层沉积物样品的热导率,获得了7个站位的热流数据。结果表明,研究区7个站位的热导率变化范围为0.88~1.06 W/m.K,平均为0.96 W/m.K,地温梯度变化范围为85~120℃/km,热流值变化范围为83~112 mW/m2,平均达到95 mW/m2。分析表明测量结果与20世纪80年代中美合作在西沙海槽的地热测量结果一致性较好,说明研究区仍具有高热流特征,推测高热流特征可能与本区高热背景、莫霍面埋深较浅、断裂发育、晚期岩浆活动和基底起伏等有关。 相似文献
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南沙海槽是古南海俯冲消亡、南沙地块与婆罗洲碰撞的关键区域, 其构造演化史记录了南海前世今生的重要信息。为深入认识对其构造变形有重要影响的南沙海槽深部热状态, 本文首先利用热传输方程分析了滑坡体快速堆积的热披覆效应对海槽底部深水区海底观测热流的影响, 然后利用磁异常的频谱分析技术获取南沙海槽及其邻区的居里面深度。结果表明, 受沉积物快速堆积的影响, 南沙海槽底部深水区文莱滑坡范围内现今海底热流测量值仅为深部背景热流的60%~77%, 推测该区深部背景热流约为77~98mW·m-2; 南沙海槽内居里面深度一般小于16km, 比位于其北侧的南沙岛礁区居里面深度(18~24km)小。现今南沙海槽区深部具有较高的背景热流, 该区较高的热状态与其地壳强烈减薄特征对应, 是华南陆缘裂陷和南海形成演化的结果。 相似文献
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许薇玲 《海洋地质信息通报》1995,(5):4-5
以往对东海的地热研究，只限于陆架以东的海槽及海沟地区。据文献报导，海槽区的地热流最高为４００ｍｗ／ｍ＾２，主要出现在海槽南部；岛弧与海沟间的弧前区也可达８０－１００ｍｗ／ｍ＾２；海沟地区为低热流带，最低仅３５ｍｗ／ｍ＾２。东海陆架区至今尚未有过热流测量结果的报告。这次对东海大衢山岛－菲律宾海地学断面研究的同时，也进行了东海地温场热模拟研究。通过热流测量及断面地温场二维热模拟，填补了陆架区的热流空白 相似文献
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琼东南盆地深水区构造热演化特征及其影响因素分析 总被引：5，自引：1，他引：4
To reveal the tectonic thermal evolution and influence factors on the present heat flow distribution, based on 154 heat flow data, the present heat flow distribution features of the main tectonic units are first analyzed in detail, then the tectonic thermal evolution histories of 20 profiles are reestablished crossing the main deep-water sags with a structural, thermal and sedimentary coupled numerical model. On the basis of the present geothermal features, the Qiongdongnan Basin could be divided into three regions: the northern shelf and upper slope region with a heat flow of 50–70 m W/m2, most of the central depression zone of 70–85 m W/m2, and a NE trending high heat flow zone of 85–105 m W/m2 lying in the eastern basin. Numerical modeling shows that during the syn-rift phase, the heat flow increases generally with time, and is higher in basement high area than in its adjacent sags. At the end of the syn-rift phase, the heat flow in the deepwater sags was in a range of 60–85 m W/m2, while in the basement high area, it was in a range of 75–100 m W/m2. During the post-rift phase, the heat flow decreased gradually, and tended to be more uniform in the basement highs and sags. However, an extensive magmatism, which equivalently happened at around 5 Ma, has greatly increased the heat flow values, and the relict heat still contributes about 10–25 m W/m2 to the present surface heat flow in the central depression zone and the southern uplift zone. Further analyses suggested that the present high heat flow in the deep-water Qiongdongnan Basin is a combined result of the thermal anomaly in the upper mantle, highly thinning of the lithosphere, and the recent extensive magmatism. Other secondary factors might have affected the heat flow distribution features in some local regions. These factors include basement and seafloor topography, sediment heat generation, thermal blanketing, local magmatic injecting and hydrothermal activities related to faulting and overpressure. 相似文献
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冲绳海槽地球动力学热模拟 总被引：3，自引：0，他引：3
冲绳海槽属太平洋沟弧盆系,长1200km,宽100余公里,平均水深超过1000m,南部最深处2334m。实地地球物理考察表明,海槽全区布格重力异常和空间异常均呈北东向相对正高场值区,平均布格异常值为79.4m Gal,海槽南端可达160m Gal;空间异常平均值为60-100m Gal。根据重力反演计算的地壳厚度为14-20km,因此海槽比西侧大陆架和东侧岛弧的地売(30km)薄10-16km,但比正常洋壳的厚度仍大得多(金性春等,1984)。从海槽区的地震剖面图(Herman et al.,1978)可见海槽盆地东西两侧分别是倾向海槽中央的高角度正断层,表明海槽是张应力控制下的断陷带。地震折射资料(Lee,C.S.,1980)表明,冲绳海槽中央断裂下面的地幔深度约为15km。另外,海槽火山发育和地震频繁。近年来,地热测量结果更引起了研究人员的重视,海橧平均地表热流为151mW/㎡,个别地方如SON84-25-C和HF9-13,热流值分别高达1056mW/㎡和1258mW/㎡ (喻普之等,1992),如此高的热流值在全球地热数据中是罕见的。
冲绳海槽的地表热流、热结构及热演化问题目前在学术界颇引人注目,曾有人应用非稳态的二维热传导方程来计算海槽的热结构1),但这种不考虑对流效应的热传导方程不能模拟介质运动对热结构和热演化的影响,特别是在构造运动的速度大于1cm/a时, 其Peclet数一般大于1,这时介质运动所携带的热量远大于传导热,即对流项起主导作用。所以作者用非稳态的二维热传导——平流方程来模拟构造热演化。 相似文献
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Particular features of the tectonic structure and anomalous distribution of the geothermal, geomagnetic, and gravity fields in the region of the Sea of Okhotsk are considered. On the basis of heat flow data, the ages of large-scale structures in the Sea of Okhotsk are estimated at 65 Ma for the Central Okhotsk Rise and 36 Ma for the South Okhotsk Basin. The age of the South Okhotsk Basin is confirmed by the data on the kinematics and corresponds to a 50-km thickness of the lithosphere. This is in accordance with the thickness value obtained by magnetotelluric soundings. A comparative analysis of the model geothermal background and the measured heat flow values on the Akademii Nauk Rise is performed. The analysis points to an abnormally high (by approximately 20%) measured heat flow, which agrees with the high negative gradient of gravity anomalies. The estimates of the deep heat flow and the basement age of the riftogenic basins in the Sea of Okhotsk were carried out in the following areas: the Deryugin Basin (18 Ma, Early Miocene), the TINRO Basin (12 Ma, Middle Miocene), and the West Kamchatka Basin (23 Ma, Late Oligocene). The temperatures at the boundaries of the main lithological complexes of the sedimentary cover are calculated and the zones of oil and gas generation are defined. On the basis of geothermal, magnetic, structural, and other geological-geophysical data, a kinematic model of the region of the Sea of Okhotsk for a period of 36 Ma was calculated and constructed. 相似文献
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In most of the studies devoted to the analysis of the thermal regime of the Black Sea basins, the high sedimentation rate is regarded to be the principal reason for the low values of the surface heat flow as compared to the deep flow. We used the basin modeling technique for a more detailed assessment of this issue with regard to the new geological and geophysical data on the age and structure of the sedimentary cover and basement of the Black Sea basins. The use of enhanced seismic data, together with a more accurate estimation of the age limits of the sedimentary sequences in the region, allowed us to refine the results of the previous studies. Based on the calculations performed for an actual cross section with actual properties of the sedimentary rocks under compaction and the basement rocks, it is shown that any version of the sedimentation and evolution of the basin compatible with the geological and geophysical data available lead to heat flow values that are significantly greater than those actually observed. Our analysis proves that the sedimentation alone, as was implied in the previous studies, cannot explain the decrease in the deep heat flow at the floor surface down to values of about 34 mW/m2. It is shown that the temperature influence of the invasion of dense though heated waters of the Mediterranean Sea that occurred about 7000 years ago helps one to explain the low present-day heat flow values in the deep-water parts of the Western and Eastern basins of the Black Sea. The application of the basin modeling technique allowed us to pose a version of the thermal evolution of the lithosphere in the Western basin of the Black Sea compatible with the high heat flow at the end of the Cretaceous, with three stages of subsidence of the sea floor down to its present-day depths, and with the low heat flow values measured in the basin. According to the geophysical data, this version implies a relatively high-temperature present-day thermal regime in the basin’s lithosphere with a lithosphere thickness of about 60 km. 相似文献
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E. V. Verzhbitskii 《Oceanology》2007,47(4):564-570
An analysis of the geothermal data on the World Ocean, including those obtained by the author from research vessels of the Russian Academy of Sciences, shows that the heat flow depends on the petrological composition of the oceanic lithosphere. Mean heat flow values are observed in the regions with a lherzolite lithosphere (300–500 mW/m2 depending on the age of the floor). The regions where the lithosphere contains harzburgite enriched with olivine are characterized by high heat flow values, while those with a lithosphere with an average mineral composition feature minimal heat flow values (～20–30% of the average heat flow). The intermediate contents of olivine correspond to intermediate heat flow values. Based on the calculations performed and on a combined analysis of the thermal and physical parameters of the mantle rocks of the ocean, we inferred that the dependence of the heat flow values on the petrological composition of the lithosphere is valid for marginal basins as well, including basins characterized by diffuse spreading. The results of the geothermal studies in the Tyrrhenian Sea, whose central part is formed due to diffuse spreading, indicate that, in the region of the Vavilov Seamount, the lithosphere is composed of rocks with a lherzolite composition, while the lithosphere in the region of the Marsili Seamount consists of harzburgites of an average mineral composition. 相似文献
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对收集、整理的462组大地热流和地温梯度数据进行统计分析,结果表明南海北部陆缘具有普遍偏高的大地热流和地温梯度,大地热流总体表现为由陆架向洋盆方向递增的趋势。海底热流资料经稳态温度场计算南海北部随深度变化的热流和温度分布,获取热居里面深度,与地磁资料反演的居里面深度进行对比,发现南海北部中、下陆坡磁居里面深度浅于热居里面深度,处于地热不平衡状态。通过对地壳结构、拉张因子、莫霍面埋深、断裂带及火山活动的综合分析,表明南海北部陆缘地热状态受控于地壳拉张减薄和莫霍面抬升的构造格局,裂后晚期局部岩浆活动对地热状态亦有影响。 相似文献
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南海成因机制及北部岩石圈热-流变结构研究进展 总被引：4，自引：0，他引：4
南海是西太平洋地区最大的边缘海之一,其北部具有被动大陆边缘特征。南海的形成演化动力学过程对理解该区地质、资源、环境等科学问题有重要意义。综述了近年来在南海北部大陆边缘开展的岩石圈热状态、流变学及南海成因机制和国际上伸展盆地成因数值模拟等方面的研究进展。南海北部大陆边缘区的大地热流相对较高,平均为75 mW/m2,其中绝大部分为来自地幔热流的贡献。莫霍面温度亦较高,从陆架向海盆方向,深部地温越来越高。岩石圈具有温度高、强度低和强烈流变分层等特征,且下地壳表现为韧性流动变形。伸展盆地成因模拟研究已从运动学向动力学模拟过渡,并逐渐强调岩石圈流变学性质的影响。目前对南海成因机制的理解仍存在争议,大陆裂解过程中岩石圈热-流变结构随时间的变化是控制南海形成演化的关键因素,对南海形成中岩石圈的热-流变学结构随时间的演化过程需要进行深入研究。 相似文献
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南海上层海洋热力结构年代际变化的研究,是海气相互作用与变化研究的热点之一,对南海区域及更大范围的气候异常的研究和南海海洋环流年际变化的研究都具有重要意义。本文采用多套海温、流场和海气界面通量资料,基于热平衡方程和统计分析方法,分析了南海上层热含量的年代际变化,研究了南海上层热含量影响因子的变化特征,比较了混合层及混合层以下热含量变化的异同,进而探讨了影响因子在混合层及混合层以下的不同作用;利用区域积分海温方程后得到的热量收支方程,诊断南海内区不同海域的热收支方程中的各项,发现了不同海域在影响热收支的物理过程方面存在差异。结果表明:南海混合层的热含量的变化主要受海气界面热通量的影响,夹卷效应在热含量的变化中也有接近1/3的贡献。在整个上层400m的热含量变化中,平流效应占据了主导地位。 相似文献